wine/documentation/introduction.sgml
Andreas Mohr f71ae47f24 - spelling corrections
- properly document how to set the DOS PATH
2002-12-16 22:09:55 +00:00

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<chapter id="introduction">
<title>Introduction</title>
<sect1 id="what-is-wine">
<title>What is Wine?</title>
<para>
<literallayout>
Written by &name-john-sheets; <email>&email-john-sheets;</email>
Modified by <ulink url="mailto:&email-dustin-navea;">&name-dustin-navea;</ulink>
</literallayout>
</para>
<sect2>
<title>Windows and Linux</title>
<!-- general description of wine, what does it do? -->
<para>
Many people have faced the frustration of owning software that
won't run on their computer. With the recent popularity of
<ulink url="http://www.tldp.org/FAQ/Linux-FAQ/index.html">
Linux</ulink>, this is happening more and more often because
of differing operating systems. Your Windows software won't
run on Linux, and your Linux software won't run in Windows.
</para>
<para>
A common solution to this problem is to install both operating
systems on the same computer, as a <quote>dual boot</quote>
system. If you want to write a document in MS Word, you can
boot up in Windows; if you want to run the GnuCash, the GNOME
financial application, you can shut down your Windows session
and reboot into Linux. The problem with this is that you
can't do both at the same time. Each time you switch back and
forth between MS Word and GnuCash, you have to reboot again.
This can get tiresome quickly.
</para>
<para>
Life would be so much easier if you could run all your
applications on the same system, regardless of whether they
are written for Windows or for Linux. On Windows, this isn't
really possible, yet.
<footnote>
<para>
Technically, if you have two networked computers, one
running Windows and the other running Linux, and if you
have some sort of X server software running on the Windows
system, you can export Linux applications onto the Windows
system. A free X server is available at
<ulink url="http://xfree86.cygwin.com/">http://xfree86.cygwin.com/</ulink>.
However, this doesn't solve the problem if you only own
one computer system.
</para>
</footnote>
However, Wine makes it possible to run native Windows
applications alongside native Linux applications on any Unix-like
system. You can share desktop space between MS Word and GnuCash,
overlapping their windows, iconizing them, and even running them
from the same launcher.
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>Emulation versus Native Linking</title>
<!-- emulator vs. Winelib -->
<para>
Wine is a UNIX implementation of the win32 libraries,
written from scratch by hundreds of volunteer developers and
released under an open source license. Anyone can download
and read through the source code, and fix bugs that arise.
The Wine community is full of richly talented programmers
who have spent thousands of hours of personal time on
improving Wine so that it works well with the win32
<firstterm>Applications Programming Interface</firstterm>
(API), and keeps pace with new developments from Microsoft.
</para>
<para>
Wine can run applications in two discrete ways: as
pre-compiled Windows binaries, or as natively compiled
<ulink url="http://www.xfree86.org/#whatis">X11 (X-Window
System)</ulink> applications. The former method uses
emulation to connect a Windows application to the Wine
libraries. You can run your Windows application directly
with the emulator, by installing through Wine or by simply
copying the Windows executables onto your Linux system.
</para>
<para>
The other way to run Windows applications with Wine requires
that you have the source code for the application. Instead
of compiling it with native Windows compilers, you can
compile it with a native Linux compiler --
<command>gcc</command> for example -- and link in the Wine
Libraries as you would with any other native UNIX
application. These natively linked applications are
referred to as Winelib applications.
</para>
<para>
The Wine Users Guide will focus on running precompiled
Windows applications using the Wine emulator.
The Winelib Users Guide will cover Winelib
applications.
</para>
<!-- the development model -->
<para>
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>Burning questions and comments</title>
<para>
If during reading this document there is something you
can't figure out, or think could be explained better, or
that should have been included, please immediately mail to
either the &name-web-admin; <email>&email-web-admin;</email> or
the &name-wine-devel; <email>&email-wine-devel;</email>, or
post a bug report to
<ulink url="http://bugs.winehq.com/">Wine's Bugzilla</ulink> to
let us know how this document can be improved. Remember, Open
Source is "free as in free speech, not as in free beer": it can
only work in the case of very active involvement of its users !
</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<!-- *** Not really useful as is, but may be able to recycle this elsewhere...
<sect1 id="getting-started">
<title>Getting started</title>
<para>
Written by &name-john-sheets; <email>&email-john-sheets;</email>
</para>
<para>
Wine can be pretty intimidating at first. The Wine
distribution consists of over two thousand files and half a
million lines of source code
<footnote>
<para>Crudely calculated from running <command>find . | wc
-l</command> and <command>cat `find . -name "*.c"` | wc
-l</command>, respectively, from a fresh CVS checkout.</para>
</footnote>,
and is probably one of the steepest learning curves in the
open source world. This chapter will give you a crash course
in the important topics you need to know to get started with
running Wine applications.
</para>
</sect1>
-->
<sect1 id="wine-stats">
<title>Wine Requirements and Features</title>
<para>
<literallayout>
Written by &name-andreas-mohr; <email>&email-andreas-mohr;</email>
Modified by <ulink url="mailto:&email-dustin-navea;">&name-dustin-navea;</ulink>
</literallayout>
</para>
<sect2 id="system-requirements">
<title>System requirements</title>
<para>
In order to run Wine, you need the following:
</para>
<para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
<literallayout>A computer ;-)</literallayout>
<literallayout> Wine: only PCs >= i386 are supported at the moment.</literallayout>
<literallayout> Winelib: selected other platforms are supported, but can be tricky.</literallayout>
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
A UNIX-like operating system such as Linux, *BSD,
Solaris x86, ReactOS, Cygwin
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
>= 32MB of RAM. Everything below is pretty much
unusable. >= 96 MB is needed for "good" execution.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
An X11 window system (XFree86 etc.). Wine is prepared
for other graphics display drivers, but writing
support is not too easy. The text console display
driver (ttydrv) is nearly usable.
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="wine-capabilities">
<title>Wine capabilities</title>
<para>
Now that you hopefully managed to fulfill the requirements
mentioned above, we tell you what Wine is able to do/support:
</para>
<para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Support for executing DOS, Win 3.x and Win9x/NT/Win2000/XP
programs (most of Win32's controls are supported)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Optional use of external vendor DLLs (e.g. original
Windows DLLs)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
X11-based graphics display (remote display to any X
terminal possible), text mode console
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Desktop-in-a-box or mixable windows
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
32 bit graphical coordinates for CAD applications,
pretty advanced DirectX support for games
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Good support for sound, alternative input devices
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Printing: supports native Win16 printer drivers,
Internal PostScript driver
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Modems, serial devices are supported
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Winsock TCP/IP networking
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
ASPI interface (SCSI) support for scanners, CD writers,
...
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Unicode support, relatively advanced language support
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Wine debugger and configurable trace logging messages
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
</chapter>
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