mirror of
https://github.com/systemd/systemd
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812 lines
42 KiB
XML
812 lines
42 KiB
XML
<?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*-->
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<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
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<!--
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This file is part of systemd.
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Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
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systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
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under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
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(at your option) any later version.
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systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
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WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
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General Public License for more details.
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You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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-->
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<refentry id="systemctl">
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<refentryinfo>
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<title>systemctl</title>
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<productname>systemd</productname>
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<authorgroup>
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<author>
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<contrib>Developer</contrib>
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<firstname>Lennart</firstname>
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<surname>Poettering</surname>
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<email>lennart@poettering.net</email>
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</author>
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</authorgroup>
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</refentryinfo>
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<refmeta>
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<refentrytitle>systemctl</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
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</refmeta>
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>systemctl</refname>
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<refpurpose>Control the systemd system and session manager</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsynopsisdiv>
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<cmdsynopsis>
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<command>systemctl <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> <arg choice="req">COMMAND</arg> <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">NAME</arg></command>
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</cmdsynopsis>
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</refsynopsisdiv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Description</title>
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<para><command>systemctl</command> may be used to
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introspect and control the state of the
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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system and session manager.</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Options</title>
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<para>The following options are understood:</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--help</option></term>
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<term><option>-h</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Prints a short help
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text and exits.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--type=</option></term>
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<term><option>-t</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When listing units,
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limit display to certain unit
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types. If not specified units of all
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types will be shown. The argument
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should be a unit type name such as
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<option>service</option>,
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<option>socket</option> and
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similar.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--property=</option></term>
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<term><option>-p</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When showing
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unit/job/manager information, limit
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display to certain properties as
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specified as argument. If not
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specified all set properties are
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shown. The argument should be a
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property name, such as
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<literal>MainPID</literal>. If
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specified more than once all
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properties with the specified names
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are shown.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--all</option></term>
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<term><option>-a</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When listing units,
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show all units, regardless of their
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state, including inactive units. When
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showing unit/job/manager information,
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show all properties regardless whether
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they are set or not.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--full</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Do not ellipsize unit
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names in the output of
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<command>list-units</command> and
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<command>list-jobs</command>.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--fail</option></term>
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<listitem><para>If the requested
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operation conflicts with a pending
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unfinished job, fail the command. If
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this is not specified the requested
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operation will replace the pending job,
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if necessary.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--quiet</option></term>
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<term><option>-q</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Suppress output to
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STDOUT in
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<command>snapshot</command>,
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<command>check</command>,
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<command>enable</command> and
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<command>disable</command>.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--no-block</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Do not synchronously wait for
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the requested operation to finish. If this is
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not specified the job will be verified,
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enqueued and <command>systemctl</command> will
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wait until it is completed. By passing this
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argument it is only verified and
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enqueued.</para></listitem> </varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--system</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Talk to the systemd
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system manager. (Default)</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--session</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Talk to the systemd
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session manager of the calling user.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--order</option></term>
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<term><option>--require</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When used in
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conjunction with the
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<command>dot</command> command (see
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below), selects which dependencies are
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shown in the dependency graph. If
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<option>--order</option> is passed
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only dependencies of type
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<varname>After=</varname> or
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<varname>Before=</varname> are
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shown. If <option>--require</option>
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is passed only dependencies of type
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<varname>Requires=</varname>,
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<varname>RequiresOverridable=</varname>,
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<varname>Requisite=</varname>,
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<varname>RequisiteOverridable=</varname>,
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<varname>Wants=</varname> and
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<varname>Conflicts=</varname> are
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shown. If neither is passed, shows
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dependencies of all these
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types.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--no-wall</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Don't send wall
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message before
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halt, power-off, reboot.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--global</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When used with
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<command>enable</command> and
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<command>disable</command>, operate on the
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global session configuŕation
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directory, thus enabling or disabling
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a unit file globally for all future
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sessions of all users.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--no-reload</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When used with
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<command>enable</command> and
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<command>disable</command>, do not
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implicitly reload daemon configuration
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after executing the
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changes.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--force</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When used with
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<command>enable</command>, override any
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existing conflicting
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symlinks.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--defaults</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When used with
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<command>disable</command>, ensures
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that only the symlinks created by
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<command>enable</command> are removed,
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not all symlinks pointing to the unit
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file that shall be
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disabled.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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<para>The following commands are understood:</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><command>list-units</command></term>
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<listitem><para>List known units.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><command>start [NAME...]</command></term>
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<listitem><para>Start (activate) one
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or more units specified on the command
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line.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><command>stop [NAME...]</command></term>
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<listitem><para>Stop (deactivate) one
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or more units specified on the command
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line.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><command>reload [NAME...]</command></term>
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<listitem><para>Asks all units listed
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on the command line to reload their
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configuration. Note that this will
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reload the service-specific
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configuration, not the unit
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configuration file of systemd. If you
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want systemd to reload the
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configuration file of a unit use the
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<command>daemon-reload</command>
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command. In other words: for the
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example case of Apache, this will
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reload Apache's
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<filename>httpd.conf</filename> in the
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web server, not the
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<filename>apache.service</filename>
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systemd unit file. </para>
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<para>This command should not be
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confused with the
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<command>daemon-reload</command> or
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<command>load</command>
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commands.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><command>restart [NAME...]</command></term>
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<listitem><para>Restart one or more
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units specified on the command
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line. If the units are not running yet
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they will be
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started.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><command>try-restart [NAME...]</command></term>
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<listitem><para>Restart one or more
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units specified on the command
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line. If the units are not running yet
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the operation will
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fail.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><command>reload-or-restart [NAME...]</command></term>
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<term><command>reload-or-try-restart [NAME...]</command></term>
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<listitem><para>Reload one or more
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units if they support it. If not,
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restart them instead. Note that for
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compatibility with SysV and Red Hat
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init scripts
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<command>force-reload</command> and
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<command>condrestart</command> may be
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used as equivalent commands to
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<command>reload-or-try-restart</command>.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><command>isolate [NAME]</command></term>
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<listitem><para>Start the unit
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specified on the command line and its
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dependencies and stop all
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others.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><command>is-active [NAME...]</command></term>
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<listitem><para>Check whether any of
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the specified units is active
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(i.e. running). Returns an exit code
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0 if at least one is active, non-zero
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otherwise. Unless
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<option>--quiet</option> is specified
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this will also print the current unit
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state to STDOUT.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><command>status [NAME...]</command></term>
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<listitem><para>Show terse runtime
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status information about one or more
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units. This function is intended to
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generate human-readable output. If you
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are looking for computer-parsable
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output, use <command>show</command>
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instead.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><command>show [NAME...|JOB...]</command></term>
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<listitem><para>Show properties of one
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or more units, jobs or the manager
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itself. If no argument is specified
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properties of the manager will be
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shown. If a unit name is specified
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properties of the unit is shown, and
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if a job id is specified properties of
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the job is shown. By default, empty
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properties are suppressed. Use
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<option>--all</option> to show those
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too. To select specific properties to
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show use
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<option>--property=</option>. This
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command is intended to be used
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whenever computer-parsable output is
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required. Use
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<command>status</command> if you are
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looking for formatted human-readable
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output.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><command>reset-maintenance [NAME...]</command></term>
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<listitem><para>Reset maintenance
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state of the specified units, or if no
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unit name is passed of all units. When
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a unit fails in some way (i.e. process
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exiting with non-zero error code,
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terminating abnormally or timing out)
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it will automatically enter
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maintenance state and its exit codes
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and status is recorded for
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introspection by the administrator
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until the service is restarted or
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reset with this
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command.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><command>enable [NAME...]</command></term>
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<listitem><para>Enable one or more
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unit files, as specified on the
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command line. This will create a
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number of symlinks as encoded in the
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<literal>[Install]</literal> sections
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of the unit files. After the symlinks
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have been created the systemd
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configuration is reloaded (in a way
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that is equivalent to
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<command>daemon-reload</command>) to
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ensure the changes are taken into
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account immediately. Note that this
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does not have the effect that any of
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the units enabled are also started at
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the same time. If this is desired a
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seperate <command>start</command>
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command must be invoked for the
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unit.</para>
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<para>This command will
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print the actions executed. This
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output may be suppressed by passing
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<option>--quiet</option>.</para>
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<para>Note that this operation creates
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only the suggested symlinks for the
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units. While this command is the
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recommended way to manipulate the unit
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configuration directory, the
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administrator is free to make
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additional changes manually, by
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placing or removing symlinks in the
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directory. This is particular useful
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to create configurations that deviate
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from the suggested default
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installation. In this case the
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administrator must make sure to invoke
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<command>daemon-reload</command>
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manually as necessary, to ensure his
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changes are taken into account.</para>
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<para>Enabling units should not be
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confused with starting (activating)
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units, as done by the
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<command>start</command>
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command. Enabling and starting units
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is orthogonal: units may be enabled
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without being started and started
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without being enabled. Enabling simply
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hooks the unit into various suggested
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places (for example, so that the unit
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is automatically started on boot or
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when a particular kind of hardware is
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plugged in). Starting actually spawns
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the daemon process (in case of service
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units), or binds the socket (in case
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of socket units), and so
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on.</para>
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|
<para>Depending on whether
|
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<option>--system</option>,
|
|
<option>--session</option> or
|
|
<option>--global</option> is specified
|
|
this enables the unit for the system,
|
|
for sessions of the calling user only
|
|
or for all future session of all
|
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users. Note that in the latter case no
|
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systemd daemon configuration is
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|
reloaded.</para>
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</listitem>
|
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</varlistentry>
|
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|
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<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>disable [NAME...]</command></term>
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<listitem><para>Disables one or more
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units. This removes all symlinks to
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the specified unit files from the unit
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|
configuration directory, and hence
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undoes the changes made by
|
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<command>enable</command>. Note
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|
however that this by default removes
|
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all symlinks to the unit files
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(i.e. including manual additions), not
|
|
just those actually created by
|
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<command>enable</command>. If only the
|
|
symlinks that are suggested by default
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|
shall be removed, pass
|
|
<option>--defaults</option>. This
|
|
implicitly reloads the systemd daemon
|
|
configuration after completing the
|
|
disabling of the units. Note that this
|
|
command does not implicitly stop the
|
|
units that is being disabled. If this
|
|
is desired an additional
|
|
<command>stop</command>command should
|
|
be executed afterwards.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>This command will print the
|
|
actions executed. This output may be
|
|
suppressed by passing
|
|
<option>--quiet</option>.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<para>This command honours
|
|
<option>--system</option>,
|
|
<option>--session</option>,
|
|
<option>--global</option> in a similar
|
|
way as
|
|
<command>enable</command>.</para>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>is-enabled [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Checks whether any of
|
|
the specified unit files is enabled
|
|
(as with
|
|
<command>enable</command>). Returns an
|
|
exit code of 0 if at least one is
|
|
enabled, non-zero
|
|
otherwise.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>load [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Load one or more units
|
|
specified on the command line. This
|
|
will simply load their configuration
|
|
from disk, but not start them. To
|
|
start them you need to use the
|
|
<command>start</command> command which
|
|
will implicitly load a unit that has
|
|
not been loaded yet. Note that systemd
|
|
garbage collects loaded units that are
|
|
not active or referenced by an active
|
|
unit. This means that units loaded
|
|
this way will usually not stay loaded
|
|
for long. Also note that this command
|
|
cannot be used to reload unit
|
|
configuration. Use the
|
|
<command>daemon-reload</command>
|
|
command for that. All in all, this
|
|
command is of little use except for
|
|
debugging.</para>
|
|
<para>This command should not be
|
|
confused with the
|
|
<command>daemon-reload</command> or
|
|
<command>reload</command>
|
|
commands.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>list-jobs</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>List jobs that are in progress.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>cancel [JOB...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Cancel one or more
|
|
jobs specified on the command line by
|
|
their numeric job
|
|
IDs. If not job id is specified cancels all jobs that are pending.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>monitor</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Monitor unit/job
|
|
changes. This is mostly useful for
|
|
debugging purposes and prints a line
|
|
each time systemd loads or unloads a
|
|
unit configuration file, or a unit
|
|
property changes.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>dump</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Dump server
|
|
status. This will output a (usually
|
|
very long) human readable manager
|
|
status dump. Its format is subject to
|
|
change without notice and should not
|
|
be parsed by
|
|
applications.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>dot</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Generate textual
|
|
dependency graph description in dot
|
|
format for further processing with the
|
|
GraphViz
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>dot</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
tool. Use a command line like
|
|
<command>systemctl dot | dot -Tsvg >
|
|
systemd.svg</command> to generate a
|
|
graphical dependency tree. Unless
|
|
<option>--order</option> or
|
|
<option>--require</option> is passed
|
|
the generated graph will show both
|
|
ordering and requirement
|
|
dependencies.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>snapshot [NAME]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Create a snapshot. If
|
|
a snapshot name is specified, the new
|
|
snapshot will be named after it. If
|
|
none is specified an automatic
|
|
snapshot name is generated. In either
|
|
case, the snapshot name used is
|
|
printed to STDOUT, unless
|
|
<option>--quiet</option> is
|
|
specified.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A snapshot refers to a saved
|
|
state of the systemd manager. It is
|
|
implemented itself as unit that is
|
|
generated dynamically with this
|
|
command and has dependencies on all
|
|
units active at the time. At a later
|
|
time the user may return to this state
|
|
by using the
|
|
<command>isolate</command> command on
|
|
the snapshot unit.</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
<para>Snapshots are only useful for
|
|
saving and restoring which units are
|
|
running or are stopped, they do not
|
|
save/restore any other
|
|
state. Snapshots are dynamic and lost
|
|
on reboot.</para>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>delete [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Remove a snapshot
|
|
previously created with
|
|
<command>snapshot</command>.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>daemon-reload</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Reload systemd manager
|
|
configuration. This will reload all
|
|
unit files and recreate the entire
|
|
dependency tree. While the daemon is
|
|
reloaded, all sockets systemd listens
|
|
on on behalf of user configuration will
|
|
stay accessible.</para> <para>This
|
|
command should not be confused with
|
|
the <command>load</command> or
|
|
<command>reload</command>
|
|
commands.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>daemon-reexec</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Reexecute the systemd
|
|
manager. This will serialize the
|
|
manager state, reexecute the process
|
|
and deserialize the state again. This
|
|
command is of little use except for
|
|
debugging and package
|
|
upgrades. Sometimes it might be
|
|
helpful as a heavy-weight
|
|
<command>daemon-reload</command>. While
|
|
the daemon is reexecuted all sockets
|
|
systemd listens on on behalf of user
|
|
configuration will stay
|
|
accessible.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>daemon-exit</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Ask the systemd
|
|
manager to quit. This is only
|
|
supported for session managers
|
|
(i.e. in conjunction with the
|
|
<option>--session</option> option) and
|
|
will fail otherwise.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>show-environment</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Dump the systemd
|
|
manager environment block. The
|
|
environment block will be dumped in
|
|
straight-forward form suitable for
|
|
sourcing into a shell script. This
|
|
environment block will be passed to
|
|
all processes the manager
|
|
spawns.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>set-environment [NAME=VALUE...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Set one or more
|
|
systemd manager environment variables,
|
|
as specified on the command
|
|
line.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>unset-environment [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Unset one or more
|
|
systemd manager environment
|
|
variables. If only a variable name is
|
|
specified it will be removed
|
|
regardless of its value. If a variable
|
|
and a value are specified the variable
|
|
is only removed if it has the
|
|
specified value.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>halt</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Shut down and halt the
|
|
system. This is mostly equivalent to
|
|
<command>start halt.target</command>
|
|
but also prints a wall message to all
|
|
users.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>poweroff</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Shut down and
|
|
power-off the system. This is mostly
|
|
equivalent to <command>start
|
|
poweroff.target</command> but also
|
|
prints a wall message to all
|
|
users.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>reboot</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Shut down and
|
|
reboot the system. This is mostly
|
|
equivalent to <command>start
|
|
reboot.target</command> but also
|
|
prints a wall message to all
|
|
users.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>default</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Enter default
|
|
mode. This is mostly equivalent to
|
|
<command>start
|
|
default.target</command>.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>rescue</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Enter rescue
|
|
mode. This is mostly equivalent to
|
|
<command>isolate
|
|
rescue.target</command> but also
|
|
prints a wall message to all
|
|
users.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>emergency</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Enter emergency
|
|
mode. This is mostly equivalent to
|
|
<command>isolate
|
|
emergency.target</command> but also
|
|
prints a wall message to all
|
|
users.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>Exit status</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>On success 0 is returned, a non-zero failure
|
|
code otherwise.</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>See Also</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemadm</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.special</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>wall</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
</refentry>
|