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https://github.com/systemd/systemd
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![Susant Sahani](/assets/img/avatar_default.png)
This work adds support for the equivalent of "ethtool advertise" to .link files? http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/systemd-devel/2015-April/030112.html
704 lines
27 KiB
XML
704 lines
27 KiB
XML
<?xml version='1.0'?>
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<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
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<!--
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SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+
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-->
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<refentry id="systemd.link">
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<refentryinfo>
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<title>systemd.link</title>
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<productname>systemd</productname>
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</refentryinfo>
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<refmeta>
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<refentrytitle>systemd.link</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
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</refmeta>
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>systemd.link</refname>
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<refpurpose>Network device configuration</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsynopsisdiv>
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<para><filename><replaceable>link</replaceable>.link</filename></para>
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</refsynopsisdiv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Description</title>
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<para>Network link configuration is performed by the
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<command>net_setup_link</command> udev builtin.</para>
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<para>The link files are read from the files located in the system
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network directory <filename>/usr/lib/systemd/network</filename>,
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the volatile runtime network directory
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<filename>/run/systemd/network</filename>, and the local
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administration network directory
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<filename>/etc/systemd/network</filename>. Link files must have
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the extension <filename>.link</filename>; other extensions are
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ignored. All link files are collectively sorted and processed in
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lexical order, regardless of the directories in which they live.
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However, files with identical filenames replace each other. Files
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in <filename>/etc</filename> have the highest priority, files in
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<filename>/run</filename> take precedence over files with the same
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name in <filename>/usr/lib</filename>. This can be used to
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override a system-supplied link file with a local file if needed.
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As a special case, an empty file (file size 0) or symlink with the
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same name pointing to <filename>/dev/null</filename> disables the
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configuration file entirely (it is "masked").</para>
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<para>The link file contains a <literal>[Match]</literal> section,
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which determines if a given link file may be applied to a given
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device, as well as a <literal>[Link]</literal> section specifying
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how the device should be configured. The first (in lexical order)
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of the link files that matches a given device is applied. Note
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that a default file <filename>99-default.link</filename> is
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shipped by the system. Any user-supplied
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<filename>.link</filename> should hence have a lexically earlier
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name to be considered at all.</para>
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<para>See
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>udevadm</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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for diagnosing problems with <filename>.link</filename> files.</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>[Match] Section Options</title>
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<para>A link file is said to match a device if each of the entries
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in the <literal>[Match]</literal> section matches, or if the
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section is empty. The following keys are accepted:</para>
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<variablelist class='network-directives'>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>MACAddress=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>A whitespace-separated list of hardware addresses. Use full colon-, hyphen- or dot-delimited hexadecimal. See the example below.
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This option may appear more than once, in which case the lists are merged. If the empty string is assigned to this option, the list
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of hardware addresses defined prior to this is reset.</para>
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<para>Example:
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<programlisting>MACAddress=01:23:45:67:89:ab 00-11-22-33-44-55 AABB.CCDD.EEFF</programlisting></para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>OriginalName=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>A whitespace-separated list of shell-style globs matching
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the device name, as exposed by the udev property
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"INTERFACE". This cannot be used to match on names that have
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already been changed from userspace. Caution is advised when matching on
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kernel-assigned names, as they are known to be unstable
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between reboots.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Path=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>A whitespace-separated list of shell-style globs matching
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the persistent path, as exposed by the udev property
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<literal>ID_PATH</literal>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Driver=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>A whitespace-separated list of shell-style globs matching
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the driver currently bound to the device,
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as exposed by the udev property <literal>DRIVER</literal>
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of its parent device, or if that is not set, the
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driver as exposed by <literal>ethtool -i</literal>
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of the device itself.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Type=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>A whitespace-separated list of shell-style globs matching
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the device type, as exposed by the udev
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property <literal>DEVTYPE</literal>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Host=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Matches against the hostname or machine
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ID of the host. See <literal>ConditionHost=</literal> in
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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for details.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Virtualization=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Checks whether the system is executed in
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a virtualized environment and optionally test
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whether it is a specific implementation. See
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<literal>ConditionVirtualization=</literal> in
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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for details.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>KernelCommandLine=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Checks whether a specific kernel command line option
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is set (or if prefixed with the exclamation mark unset). See
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<literal>ConditionKernelCommandLine=</literal> in
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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for details.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>KernelVersion=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Checks whether the kernel version (as reported by <command>uname -r</command>) matches a certain
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expression (or if prefixed with the exclamation mark does not match it). See
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<literal>ConditionKernelVersion=</literal> in
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> for
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details.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Architecture=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Checks whether the system is running on a specific
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architecture. See <literal>ConditionArchitecture=</literal>
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in
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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for details.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>[Link] Section Options</title>
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<para>The <literal>[Link]</literal> section accepts the following
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keys:</para>
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<variablelist class='network-directives'>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Description=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>A description of the device.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Alias=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The <literal>ifalias</literal> is set to this
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value.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>MACAddressPolicy=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The policy by which the MAC address should be set. The
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available policies are:
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</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>persistent</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>If the hardware has a persistent MAC address, as
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most hardware should, and if it is used by the kernel,
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nothing is done. Otherwise, a new MAC address is
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generated which is guaranteed to be the same on every
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boot for the given machine and the given device, but
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which is otherwise random. This feature depends on ID_NET_NAME_*
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properties to exist for the link. On hardware where these
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properties are not set, the generation of a persistent MAC address
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will fail.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>random</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>If the kernel is using a random MAC address,
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nothing is done. Otherwise, a new address is randomly
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generated each time the device appears, typically at
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boot. Either way, the random address will have the
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<literal>unicast</literal> and
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<literal>locally administered</literal> bits set.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>none</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Keeps the MAC address assigned by the kernel.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>MACAddress=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The MAC address to use, if no
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<literal>MACAddressPolicy=</literal>
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is specified.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>NamePolicy=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>An ordered, space-separated list of policies by which
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the interface name should be set.
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<literal>NamePolicy</literal> may be disabled by specifying
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<literal>net.ifnames=0</literal> on the kernel command line.
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Each of the policies may fail, and the first successful one
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is used. The name is not set directly, but is exported to
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udev as the property <literal>ID_NET_NAME</literal>, which
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is, by default, used by a udev rule to set
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<literal>NAME</literal>. If the name has already been set by
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userspace, no renaming is performed. The available policies
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are:</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>kernel</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>If the kernel claims that the name it has set
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for a device is predictable, then no renaming is
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performed.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>database</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The name is set based on entries in the udev's
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Hardware Database with the key
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<literal>ID_NET_NAME_FROM_DATABASE</literal>.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>onboard</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The name is set based on information given by
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the firmware for on-board devices, as exported by the
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udev property <literal>ID_NET_NAME_ONBOARD</literal>.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>slot</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The name is set based on information given by
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the firmware for hot-plug devices, as exported by the
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udev property <literal>ID_NET_NAME_SLOT</literal>.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>path</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The name is set based on the device's physical
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location, as exported by the udev property
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<literal>ID_NET_NAME_PATH</literal>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>mac</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The name is set based on the device's persistent
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MAC address, as exported by the udev property
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<literal>ID_NET_NAME_MAC</literal>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Name=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The interface name to use in case all the
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policies specified in
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<varname>NamePolicy=</varname> fail, or in case
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<varname>NamePolicy=</varname> is missing or
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disabled.</para>
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<para>Note that specifying a name that the kernel might use for another
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interface (for example <literal>eth0</literal>) is dangerous because the
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name assignment done by udev will race with the assignment done by the
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kernel, and only one interface may use the name. Depending on the order of
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operations, either udev or the kernel will win, making the naming
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unpredictable. It is best to use some different prefix, for example
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<literal>internal0</literal>/<literal>external0</literal> or
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<literal>lan0</literal>/<literal>lan1</literal>/<literal>lan3</literal>.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>MTUBytes=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The maximum transmission unit in bytes to set for the
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device. The usual suffixes K, M, G, are supported and are
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understood to the base of 1024.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>BitsPerSecond=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The speed to set for the device, the value is rounded
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down to the nearest Mbps. The usual suffixes K, M, G, are
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supported and are understood to the base of 1000.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Duplex=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The duplex mode to set for the device. The accepted
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values are <literal>half</literal> and
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<literal>full</literal>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>AutoNegotiation=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Enables or disables automatic negotiation of transmission parameters.
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Autonegotiation is a procedure by which two connected ethernet devices choose
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common transmission parameters, such as speed, duplex mode, and flow control.
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Takes a boolean value. Unset by default, which means that the kernel default
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will be used.</para>
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<para>Note that if autonegotiation is enabled, speed, duplex and advertise settings are
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read-only. If autonegotation is disabled, speed, duplex and advertise settings are writable
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if the driver supports multiple link modes.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>WakeOnLan=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The Wake-on-LAN policy to set for the device. The
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supported values are:</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>phy</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Wake on PHY activity.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>unicast</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Wake on unicast messages.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>multicast</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Wake on multicast messages.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>broadcast</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Wake on broadcast messages.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>arp</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Wake on ARP.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>magic</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Wake on receipt of a magic packet.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>secureon</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Enable secureon(tm) password for MagicPacket(tm).
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>off</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Never wake.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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<para>Defaults to <literal>off</literal>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Port=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The port option is used to select the device port. The
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supported values are:</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>tp</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>An Ethernet interface using Twisted-Pair cable as the medium.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>aui</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Attachment Unit Interface (AUI). Normally used with hubs.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>bnc</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>An Ethernet interface using BNC connectors and co-axial cable.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>mii</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>An Ethernet interface using a Media Independent Interface (MII).</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>fibre</literal></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>An Ethernet interface using Optical Fibre as the medium.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Advertise=</varname></term>
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<listitem>
|
|
<para>This sets what speeds and duplex modes of operation are advertised for auto-negotiation.
|
|
The supported values are:
|
|
|
|
<table>
|
|
<title>Supported advertise values</title>
|
|
<tgroup cols='3'>
|
|
<colspec colname='Advertise' />
|
|
<colspec colname='Speed' />
|
|
<colspec colname='Duplex Mode' />
|
|
|
|
<thead><row>
|
|
<entry>Advertise</entry>
|
|
<entry>Speed (Mbps)</entry>
|
|
<entry>Duplex Mode</entry>
|
|
</row></thead>
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
|
|
<row><entry><literal>10baset-half</literal></entry>
|
|
<entry>10</entry><entry>half</entry></row>
|
|
|
|
<row><entry><literal>10baset-full</literal></entry>
|
|
<entry>10</entry><entry>full</entry></row>
|
|
|
|
<row><entry><literal>100baset-half</literal></entry>
|
|
<entry>100</entry><entry>half</entry></row>
|
|
|
|
<row><entry><literal>100baset-full</literal></entry>
|
|
<entry>100</entry><entry>full</entry></row>
|
|
|
|
<row><entry><literal>1000baset-half</literal></entry>
|
|
<entry>1000</entry><entry>half</entry></row>
|
|
|
|
<row><entry><literal>1000baset-full</literal></entry>
|
|
<entry>1000</entry><entry>full</entry></row>
|
|
|
|
<row><entry><literal>10000baset-full</literal></entry>
|
|
<entry>10000</entry><entry>full</entry></row>
|
|
|
|
<row><entry><literal>2500basex-full</literal></entry>
|
|
<entry>2500</entry><entry>full</entry></row>
|
|
|
|
<row><entry><literal>1000basekx-full</literal></entry>
|
|
<entry>1000</entry><entry>full</entry></row>
|
|
|
|
<row><entry><literal>10000basekx4-full</literal></entry>
|
|
<entry>10000</entry><entry>full</entry></row>
|
|
|
|
<row><entry><literal>10000basekr-full</literal></entry>
|
|
<entry>10000</entry><entry>full</entry></row>
|
|
|
|
<row><entry><literal>10000baser-fec</literal></entry>
|
|
<entry>10000</entry><entry>full</entry></row>
|
|
|
|
<row><entry><literal>20000basemld2-full</literal></entry>
|
|
<entry>20000</entry><entry>full</entry></row>
|
|
|
|
<row><entry><literal>20000basekr2-full</literal></entry>
|
|
<entry>20000</entry><entry>full</entry></row>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</tgroup>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
By default this is unset, i.e. all possible modes will be advertised.
|
|
This option may be specified more than once, in which case all specified speeds and modes are advertised.
|
|
If the empty string is assigned to this option, the list is reset, and all prior assignments have no effect.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>TCPSegmentationOffload=</varname></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The TCP Segmentation Offload (TSO) when true enables
|
|
TCP segmentation offload. Takes a boolean value.
|
|
Defaults to "unset".</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>TCP6SegmentationOffload=</varname></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The TCP6 Segmentation Offload (tx-tcp6-segmentation) when true enables
|
|
TCP6 segmentation offload. Takes a boolean value.
|
|
Defaults to "unset".</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>GenericSegmentationOffload=</varname></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The Generic Segmentation Offload (GSO) when true enables
|
|
generic segmentation offload. Takes a boolean value.
|
|
Defaults to "unset".</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>GenericReceiveOffload=</varname></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The Generic Receive Offload (GRO) when true enables
|
|
generic receive offload. Takes a boolean value.
|
|
Defaults to "unset".</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>LargeReceiveOffload=</varname></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The Large Receive Offload (LRO) when true enables
|
|
large receive offload. Takes a boolean value.
|
|
Defaults to "unset".</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>RxChannels=</varname></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Sets the number of receive channels (a number between 1 and 4294967295) .</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>TxChannels=</varname></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Sets the number of transmit channels (a number between 1 and 4294967295).</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>OtherChannels=</varname></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Sets the number of other channels (a number between 1 and 4294967295).</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>CombinedChannels=</varname></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Sets the number of combined set channels (a number between 1 and 4294967295).</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>Examples</title>
|
|
|
|
<example>
|
|
<title>/usr/lib/systemd/network/99-default.link</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>The link file <filename>99-default.link</filename> that is
|
|
shipped with systemd defines the default naming policy for
|
|
links.</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>[Link]
|
|
NamePolicy=kernel database onboard slot path
|
|
MACAddressPolicy=persistent</programlisting>
|
|
</example>
|
|
|
|
<example>
|
|
<title>/etc/systemd/network/10-dmz.link</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>This example assigns the fixed name
|
|
<literal>dmz0</literal> to the interface with the MAC address
|
|
00:a0:de:63:7a:e6:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>[Match]
|
|
MACAddress=00:a0:de:63:7a:e6
|
|
|
|
[Link]
|
|
Name=dmz0</programlisting>
|
|
</example>
|
|
|
|
<example>
|
|
<title>/etc/systemd/network/10-internet.link</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>This example assigns the fixed name
|
|
<literal>internet0</literal> to the interface with the device
|
|
path <literal>pci-0000:00:1a.0-*</literal>:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>[Match]
|
|
Path=pci-0000:00:1a.0-*
|
|
|
|
[Link]
|
|
Name=internet0</programlisting>
|
|
</example>
|
|
|
|
<example>
|
|
<title>/etc/systemd/network/25-wireless.link</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>Here's an overly complex example that shows the use of a large number of [Match] and [Link] settings.</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>[Match]
|
|
MACAddress=12:34:56:78:9a:bc
|
|
Driver=brcmsmac
|
|
Path=pci-0000:02:00.0-*
|
|
Type=wlan
|
|
Virtualization=no
|
|
Host=my-laptop
|
|
Architecture=x86-64
|
|
|
|
[Link]
|
|
Name=wireless0
|
|
MTUBytes=1450
|
|
BitsPerSecond=10M
|
|
WakeOnLan=magic
|
|
MACAddress=cb:a9:87:65:43:21</programlisting>
|
|
</example>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>See Also</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
<citerefentry>
|
|
<refentrytitle>systemd-udevd.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
|
|
</citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry>
|
|
<refentrytitle>udevadm</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
|
|
</citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry>
|
|
<refentrytitle>systemd.netdev</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
|
|
</citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry>
|
|
<refentrytitle>systemd.network</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
|
|
</citerefentry>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
</refentry>
|