mirror of
https://github.com/systemd/systemd
synced 2024-11-02 19:41:12 +00:00
400229eaae
Also, let's use the links from the Microsoft documentation as they are guaranteed to be stable. Fixes: #29102
413 lines
18 KiB
XML
413 lines
18 KiB
XML
<?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*-->
|
|
<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
|
|
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
|
|
<!-- SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later -->
|
|
|
|
<refentry id="loader.conf" conditional='ENABLE_BOOTLOADER'
|
|
xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
|
|
<refentryinfo>
|
|
<title>loader.conf</title>
|
|
<productname>systemd</productname>
|
|
</refentryinfo>
|
|
|
|
<refmeta>
|
|
<refentrytitle>loader.conf</refentrytitle>
|
|
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
|
|
</refmeta>
|
|
|
|
<refnamediv>
|
|
<refname>loader.conf</refname>
|
|
<refpurpose>Configuration file for systemd-boot</refpurpose>
|
|
</refnamediv>
|
|
|
|
<refsynopsisdiv>
|
|
<para><filename><replaceable>ESP</replaceable>/loader/loader.conf</filename>,
|
|
<filename><replaceable>ESP</replaceable>/loader/entries/*.conf</filename>
|
|
<filename><replaceable>XBOOTLDR</replaceable>/loader/entries/*.conf</filename>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</refsynopsisdiv>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>Description</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-boot</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry> will
|
|
read <filename><replaceable>ESP</replaceable>/loader/loader.conf</filename>, and any files with the
|
|
<literal>.conf</literal> extension under
|
|
<filename><replaceable>ESP</replaceable>/loader/entries/</filename> on the EFI system partition (ESP),
|
|
and <filename><replaceable>XBOOTLDR</replaceable>/loader/entries/</filename> on the extended boot loader
|
|
partition (XBOOTLDR) as defined by <ulink url="https://uapi-group.org/specifications/specs/boot_loader_specification">Boot Loader
|
|
Specification</ulink>.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Each of these configuration files must consist of series of newline (i.e. ASCII code 10) separated
|
|
lines, each consisting of an option name, followed by whitespace, and the option
|
|
value. <literal>#</literal> may be used to start a comment line. Empty and comment lines are ignored. The
|
|
files use UTF-8 encoding.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Boolean arguments may be written as
|
|
<literal>yes</literal>/<literal>y</literal>/<literal>true</literal>/<literal>t</literal>/<literal>on</literal>/<literal>1</literal> or
|
|
<literal>no</literal>/<literal>n</literal>/<literal>false</literal>/<literal>f</literal>/<literal>off</literal>/<literal>0</literal>.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>Options</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>The configuration options supported by
|
|
<filename><replaceable>ESP</replaceable>/loader/entries/*.conf</filename> and
|
|
<filename><replaceable>XBOOTLDR</replaceable>/loader/entries/*.conf</filename> files are defined as part
|
|
of the <ulink url="https://uapi-group.org/specifications/specs/boot_loader_specification">Boot Loader
|
|
Specification</ulink>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The following configuration are supported by the <filename>loader.conf</filename> configuration
|
|
file:</para>
|
|
|
|
<variablelist>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>default</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>A glob pattern to select the default entry. The default entry
|
|
may be changed in the boot menu itself, in which case the name of the
|
|
selected entry will be stored as an EFI variable, overriding this option.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>If set to <literal>@saved</literal> the chosen entry will be saved as an EFI variable
|
|
on every boot and automatically selected the next time the boot loader starts.</para>
|
|
|
|
<table>
|
|
<title>Automatically detected entries will use the following names:</title>
|
|
|
|
<tgroup cols='2'>
|
|
<colspec colname='name' />
|
|
<colspec colname='expl' />
|
|
<thead>
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>Name</entry>
|
|
<entry>Description</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
</thead>
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>auto-efi-default</entry>
|
|
<entry>EFI Default Loader</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>auto-efi-shell</entry>
|
|
<entry>EFI Shell</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>auto-osx</entry>
|
|
<entry>macOS</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>auto-reboot-to-firmware-setup</entry>
|
|
<entry>Reboot Into Firmware Interface</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>auto-windows</entry>
|
|
<entry>Windows Boot Manager</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</tgroup>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
<para>Supported glob wildcard patterns are <literal>?</literal>, <literal>*</literal>, and
|
|
<literal>[…]</literal> (including ranges). Note that these patterns use the same syntax as
|
|
<citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>glob</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
but do not support all features. In particular, set negation and named character classes are not
|
|
supported. The matching is done case-insensitively on the entry ID (as shown by <command>bootctl
|
|
list</command>).</para>
|
|
|
|
<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v239"/></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>timeout</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>How long the boot menu should be shown before the default
|
|
entry is booted, in seconds. This may be changed in the boot menu itself and
|
|
will be stored as an EFI variable in that case, overriding this option.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>If set to <literal>menu-hidden</literal> or <literal>0</literal> (the default) no menu
|
|
is shown and the default entry will be booted immediately. The menu can be shown
|
|
by pressing and holding a key before systemd-boot is launched. Setting this to
|
|
<literal>menu-force</literal> disables the timeout while always showing the menu.</para>
|
|
|
|
<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v239"/>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>console-mode</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>This option configures the resolution of the console. Takes a
|
|
number or one of the special values listed below. The following values may be
|
|
used:</para>
|
|
|
|
<variablelist>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>0</term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Standard UEFI 80x25 mode</para>
|
|
|
|
<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v239"/>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>1</term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>80x50 mode, not supported by all devices</para>
|
|
|
|
<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v239"/>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>2</term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>the first non-standard mode provided by the device
|
|
firmware, if any</para>
|
|
|
|
<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v239"/>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>auto</term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Pick a suitable mode automatically using heuristics</para>
|
|
|
|
<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v239"/>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>max</term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Pick the highest-numbered available mode</para>
|
|
|
|
<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v239"/>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>keep</term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Keep the mode selected by firmware (the default)</para>
|
|
|
|
<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v239"/>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
|
|
<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v239"/>
|
|
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>editor</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Takes a boolean argument. Enable (the default) or disable the
|
|
editor. The editor should be disabled if the machine can be accessed by
|
|
unauthorized persons.</para>
|
|
|
|
<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v239"/></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>auto-entries</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Takes a boolean argument. Enable (the default) or disable
|
|
entries for other boot entries found on the boot partition. In particular,
|
|
this may be useful when loader entries are created to show replacement
|
|
descriptions for those entries.</para>
|
|
|
|
<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v239"/></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>auto-firmware</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>A boolean controlling the presence of the "Reboot into firmware" entry
|
|
(enabled by default). If this is disabled, the firmware interface may still be reached
|
|
by using the <keycap>f</keycap> key.</para>
|
|
|
|
<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v239"/></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>beep</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Takes a boolean argument. If timeout enabled beep every second, otherwise beep n times when n-th entry in boot menu is selected (default disabled).
|
|
Currently, only x86 is supported, where it uses the PC speaker.</para>
|
|
|
|
<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v251"/></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>secure-boot-enroll</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Danger: this feature might soft-brick your device if used improperly.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Controls enrollment of secure boot keys found on the ESP if the system is in setup mode:
|
|
<variablelist>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>off</option></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>No action is taken.</para>
|
|
|
|
<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v253"/></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>manual</option></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Boot entries for found secure boot keys are created that allow manual
|
|
enrollment.</para>
|
|
|
|
<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v253"/></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>if-safe</option></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Same behavior as <option>manual</option>, but will try to automatically
|
|
enroll the key <literal>auto</literal> if it is considered to be safe. Currently, this is only
|
|
the case if the system is running inside a virtual machine.</para>
|
|
|
|
<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v253"/></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>force</option></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Always enroll the <literal>auto</literal> key if found. Note that a warning
|
|
message with a timeout will still be shown if this operation is unknown to be safe.</para>
|
|
|
|
<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v253"/></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The different sets of variables can be set up under
|
|
<filename>/loader/keys/<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></filename> where
|
|
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable> is the name that is going to be used as the name of the entry. This
|
|
allows one to ship multiple sets of Secure Boot variables and choose which one to enroll at runtime.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Supported Secure Boot variables are one database for authorized images, one for the key
|
|
exchange key (KEK) and one for the platform key (PK). For more information, refer to the
|
|
<ulink url="https://uefi.org/specifications">UEFI specification</ulink>, under Secure Boot and Driver
|
|
Signing. Another resource that describe the interplay of the different variables is the
|
|
<ulink url="https://edk2-docs.gitbook.io/understanding-the-uefi-secure-boot-chain/secure_boot_chain_in_uefi/uefi_secure_boot">
|
|
EDK2 documentation</ulink>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A complete set of UEFI variable includes <filename>db.auth</filename>, <filename>KEK.auth</filename>
|
|
and <filename>PK.auth</filename>. Note that these files need to be authenticated UEFI variables. See
|
|
below for an example of how to generate them from regular X.509 keys.</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>uuid=$(systemd-id128 new --uuid)
|
|
for key in PK KEK db; do
|
|
openssl req -new -x509 -subj "/CN=${key}/" -keyout "${key}.key" -out "${key}.pem"
|
|
openssl x509 -outform DER -in "${key}.pem" -out "${key}.der"
|
|
sbsiglist --owner "${uuid}" --type x509 --output "${key}.esl" "${key}.der"
|
|
done
|
|
|
|
# See also: <ulink url="https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/manufacture/desktop/windows-secure-boot-key-creation-and-management-guidance">Windows Secure Boot Key Creation and Management Guidance</ulink>
|
|
curl --location \
|
|
"https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/p/?linkid=321192" -o ms-db-2011.der \
|
|
"https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/p/?linkid=321185" -o ms-kek-2011.der \
|
|
"https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/p/?linkid=321194" -o ms-uefi-db-2011.der \
|
|
"https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/p/?linkid=2239775" -o ms-kek-2023.base64 \
|
|
"https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/p/?linkid=2239776" -o ms-db-2023.base64 \
|
|
"https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/p/?linkid=2239872" -o ms-uefi-db-2023.base64
|
|
for key in ms-*.base64; do
|
|
base64 -d "${key}" >"${key%base64}der"
|
|
done
|
|
for key in ms-*.der; do
|
|
sbsiglist --owner 77fa9abd-0359-4d32-bd60-28f4e78f784b --type x509 --output "${key%der}esl" "${key}"
|
|
done
|
|
|
|
# Optionally add Microsoft Windows certificates (needed to boot into Windows).
|
|
cat ms-db-*.esl >>db.esl
|
|
|
|
# Optionally add Microsoft UEFI certificates for firmware drivers / option ROMs and third-party
|
|
# boot loaders (including shim). This is highly recommended on real hardware as not including this
|
|
# may soft-brick your device (see next paragraph).
|
|
cat ms-uefi-*.esl >>db.esl
|
|
|
|
# Optionally add Microsoft KEK certificates. Recommended if either of the Microsoft keys is used as
|
|
# the official UEFI revocation database is signed with this key. The revocation database can be
|
|
# updated with <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>fwupdmgr</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
|
|
cat ms-kek-*.esl >>KEK.esl
|
|
|
|
attr=NON_VOLATILE,RUNTIME_ACCESS,BOOTSERVICE_ACCESS,TIME_BASED_AUTHENTICATED_WRITE_ACCESS
|
|
sbvarsign --attr "${attr}" --key PK.key --cert PK.pem --output PK.auth PK PK.esl
|
|
sbvarsign --attr "${attr}" --key PK.key --cert PK.pem --output KEK.auth KEK KEK.esl
|
|
sbvarsign --attr "${attr}" --key KEK.key --cert KEK.pem --output db.auth db db.esl
|
|
</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>This feature is considered dangerous because even if all the required files are signed with the
|
|
keys being loaded, some files necessary for the system to function properly still won't be. This
|
|
is especially the case with Option ROMs (e.g. for storage controllers or graphics cards). See
|
|
<ulink url="https://github.com/Foxboron/sbctl/wiki/FAQ#option-rom">Secure Boot and Option ROMs</ulink>
|
|
for more details.</para>
|
|
|
|
<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v252"/></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>reboot-for-bitlocker</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Caveat: This feature is experimental, and is likely to be changed (or removed in its
|
|
current form) in a future version of systemd.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Work around BitLocker requiring a recovery key when the boot loader was
|
|
updated (disabled by default).</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Try to detect BitLocker encrypted drives along with an active TPM. If both are found and
|
|
Windows Boot Manager is selected in the boot menu, set the <literal>BootNext</literal> EFI variable
|
|
and restart the system. The firmware will then start Windows Boot Manager directly, leaving the TPM
|
|
PCRs in expected states so that Windows can unseal the encryption key. This allows
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-boot</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry> to
|
|
be updated without having to provide the recovery key for BitLocker drive unlocking.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Note that the PCRs that Windows uses can be configured with the
|
|
<literal>Configure TPM platform validation profile for native UEFI firmware configurations</literal>
|
|
group policy under <literal>Computer Configuration\Administrative Templates\Windows Components\BitLocker Drive Encryption</literal>.
|
|
When Secure Boot is enabled, changing this to PCRs <literal>0,2,7,11</literal> should be safe.
|
|
The TPM key protector needs to be removed and then added back for the PCRs on an already
|
|
encrypted drive to change. If PCR 4 is not measured, this setting can be disabled to speed
|
|
up booting into Windows.</para>
|
|
|
|
<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v251"/></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>Example</title>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting># /boot/efi/loader/loader.conf
|
|
timeout 0
|
|
default 01234567890abcdef1234567890abdf0-*
|
|
editor no
|
|
</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>The menu will not be shown by default (the menu can still be shown by
|
|
pressing and holding a key during boot). One of the entries with files with a
|
|
name starting with <literal>01234567890abcdef1234567890abdf0-</literal> will be
|
|
selected by default. If more than one entry matches, the one with the highest
|
|
priority will be selected (generally the one with the highest version number).
|
|
The editor will be disabled, so it is not possible to alter the kernel command
|
|
line.</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>See Also</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-boot</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>bootctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
</refentry>
|