NAME is kind of meaningless, because everything has a name. "Unit"
makes it more obvious that a name of a unit is necessary. I was always
momentarily baffled by "set-property NAME ASSIGNMENT...", where there
are two objects (the unit and the property), and it's not clear which of
the two "NAME" is supposed to signify.
Before this change all unit types would default to "private" in the
system service manager and "inherit" to in the user service manager.
With this change this is slightly altered: non-service units of the
system service manager are now run with KeyringMode=shared. This appears
to be the more appropriate choice as isolation is not as desirable for
mount tools, which regularly consume key material. After all mounts are
a shared resource themselves as they appear system-wide hence it makes a
lot of sense to share their key material too.
Fixes: #8159
After discussions with @htejun it appears it's OK now to enable memory
accounting by default for all units without affecting system performance
too badly. facebook has made good experiences with deploying memory
accounting across their infrastructure.
This hence turns MemoryAccounting= from opt-in to opt-out, similar to
how TasksAccounting= is already handled. The other accounting options
remain off, their performance impact is too big still.
This change adds support for controlling the suspend-on-lid-close
behaviour based on the power status as well as whether the machine is
docked or has an external monitor. For backwards compatibility the new
configuration file variable is ignored completely by default, and must
be set explicitly before being considered in any decisions.
So far we didn't document control, transient, dbus config, or generator paths.
But those paths are visible to users, and they need to understand why systemd
loads units from those paths, and how the precedence hierarchy looks.
The whole thing is a bit messy, since the list of paths is quite long.
I made the tables a bit shorter by combining rows for the alternatives
where $XDG_* is set and the fallback.
In various places, tags are split like <element
param="blah">
this. This is necessary to keep everyting in one logical XML line so that
docbook renders the table properly.
Replaces #8050.
There are cases that we want to trigger and settle only specific
commands. For example, let's say at boot time we want to make sure all
the graphics devices are working correctly because it's critical for
booting, but not the USB subsystem (we'll trigger USB events later). So
we do:
udevadm trigger --action="add" --subsystem-match="graphics"
udevadm settle
However, we cannot block the kernel from emitting kernel events from
discovering USB devices. So if any of the USB kernel event was emitted
before the settle command, the settle command would still wait for the
entire queue to complete. And if the USB event takes a long time to be
processed, the system slows down.
The new `settle` option allows the `trigger` command to wait for only
the triggered events, and effectively solves this problem.
CAP_ADMIN does not exist (the closest existing capability name would be
CAP_SYS_ADMIN), and according to man:open(2) and man:capabilities(7),
the capability required to specify O_NOATIME is actually CAP_FOWNER.
Remote= must be a non multicast address. ip-link(8) says:
> remote IPADDR - specifies the unicast destination IP address to
> use in outgoing packets when the destination link layer address
> is not known in the VXLAN device forwarding database.
Closes#8088.
Changed <filename>.service</filename> to <literal>.service</literal> to match style in other manual pages: man 5 systemd.socket, device, mount, automount, swap, target path, timer, slice and scope.
Changed "reboot" to "power off" in poweroff.target description. It was most likely copied and pasted from the reboot.target below, compare with e.g. halt.target
This documents how the age of a file is determined, which previously was
only alluded to in other parts of the documentation. Fixes#8091.
The phrasings of “last modification timestamp” etc. are taken from
man:inode(7) (as of man-pages 4.14). The debug messages in tmpfiles.c
use different messages (“modify time”), which according to a code
comment follow man:stat(1); however, my copy of that manpage (from GNU
coreutils 8.29) documents %y as “time of last data modification”
instead.
The VDSO provided by the kernel for x32, uses x86-64 syscalls instead of
x32 ones.
I think we can safely allow this; the set of x86-64 syscalls should be
very similar to the x32 ones. The real point is not to allow *x86*
syscalls, because some of those are inconveniently multiplexed and we're
apparently not able to block the specific actions we want to.
When used in a package installation script, we want to invoke systemd-sysusers
before that package is installed (so it can contain files owned by the newly
created user), so the configuration to use is specified on the command
line. This should be a copy of the configuration that will be installed as
/usr/lib/sysusers.d/package.conf. We still want to obey any overrides in
/etc/sysusers.d or /run/sysusers.d in the usual fashion. Otherwise, we'd get a
different result when systemd-sysusers is run with a copy of the new config on
the command line and when systemd-sysusers is run at boot after package
instalation. In the second case any files in /etc or /run have higher priority,
so the same should happen when the configuration is given on the command line.
More generally, we want the behaviour in this special case to be as close to
the case where the file is finally on disk as possible, so we have to read all
configuration files, since they all might contain overrides and additional
configuration that matters. Even files that have lower priority might specify
additional groups for the user we are creating. Thus, we need to read all
configuration, but insert our new configuration somewhere with the right
priority.
If --target=/path/to/file.conf is given on the command line, we gather the list
of files, and pretend that the command-line config is read from
/path/to/file.conf (doesn't matter if the file on disk actually exists or
not). All package scripts should use this option to obtain consistent and
idempotent behaviour.
The corner case when --target= is specified and there are no positional
arguments is disallowed.
v1:
- version with --config-name=
v2:
- disallow --config-name= and no positional args
v3:
- remove --config-name=
v4:
- add --target= and rework the code completely
v5:
- fix argcounting bug and add example in man page
v6:
- rename --target to --replace
If the configuration is included in a script, this is more convient.
I thought it would be possible to use this for rpm scriptlets with
'%pre -p systemd-sysuser "..."', but apparently there is no way to pass
arguments to the executable ($1 is used for the package installation count).
But this functionality seems generally useful, e.g. for testing and one-off
scripts, so let's keep it.
There's a slight change in behaviour when files are given on the command line:
if we cannot parse them, error out instead of ignoring the failure. When trying
to parse all configuration files, we don't want to fail even if some config
files are broken, but when parsing a list of items specified explicitly, we
should.
v2:
- rename --direct to --inline
> Only system calls of the *specified* architectures will be permitted to
> processes of this unit.
(my emphasis)
> Note that setting this option to a non-empty list implies that
> native is included too.
Attempting to use "implies" in the later sentence, in a way that
contradicts the very clear meaning of the earlier sentence... it's too
much.
Case sensitive or case insensitive matching can be requested using
--case-sensitive[=yes|no].
Unless specified, matching is case sensitive if the pattern contains any
uppercase letters, and case insensitive otherwise. This matches what
forward-search does in emacs, and recently also --ignore-case in less. This
works surprisingly well, because usually when one is wants to do case-sensitive
matching, the pattern is usually camel-cased. In the less frequent case when
case-sensitive matching is required with an all-lowercase pattern,
--case-sensitive can be used to override the automatic logic.
