AK: Make RefPtr, NonnullRefPtr, WeakPtr thread safe

This makes most operations thread safe, especially so that they
can safely be used in the Kernel. This includes obtaining a strong
reference from a weak reference, which now requires an explicit
call to WeakPtr::strong_ref(). Another major change is that
Weakable::make_weak_ref() may require the explicit target type.
Previously we used reinterpret_cast in WeakPtr, assuming that it
can be properly converted. But WeakPtr does not necessarily have
the knowledge to be able to do this. Instead, we now ask the class
itself to deliver a WeakPtr to the type that we want.

Also, WeakLink is no longer specific to a target type. The reason
for this is that we want to be able to safely convert e.g. WeakPtr<T>
to WeakPtr<U>, and before this we just reinterpret_cast the internal
WeakLink<T> to WeakLink<U>, which is a bold assumption that it would
actually produce the correct code. Instead, WeakLink now operates
on just a raw pointer and we only make those constructors/operators
available if we can verify that it can be safely cast.

In order to guarantee thread safety, we now use the least significant
bit in the pointer for locking purposes. This also means that only
properly aligned pointers can be used.

AK/NonnullRefPtr.h

@@ -27,9 +27,13 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <AK/Assertions.h>
+#include <AK/Atomic.h>
 #include <AK/LogStream.h>
 #include <AK/StdLibExtras.h>
 #include <AK/Types.h>
+#ifdef KERNEL
+#    include <Kernel/Arch/i386/CPU.h>
+#endif
 
 namespace AK {
 
@@ -54,55 +58,66 @@ ALWAYS_INLINE void unref_if_not_null(T* ptr)
 
 template<typename T>
 class NonnullRefPtr {
+    template<typename U, typename P>
+    friend class RefPtr;
+    template<typename U>
+    friend class NonnullRefPtr;
+    template<typename U>
+    friend class WeakPtr;
+
 public:
     typedef T ElementType;
 
     enum AdoptTag { Adopt };
 
     ALWAYS_INLINE NonnullRefPtr(const T& object)
-        : m_ptr(const_cast<T*>(&object))
+        : m_bits((FlatPtr)&object)
     {
-        m_ptr->ref();
+        ASSERT(!(m_bits & 1));
+        const_cast<T&>(object).ref();
     }
     template<typename U>
     ALWAYS_INLINE NonnullRefPtr(const U& object)
-        : m_ptr(&const_cast<U&>(object))
+        : m_bits((FlatPtr) static_cast<const T*>(&object))
     {
-        m_ptr->ref();
+        ASSERT(!(m_bits & 1));
+        const_cast<T&>(static_cast<const T&>(object)).ref();
     }
     ALWAYS_INLINE NonnullRefPtr(AdoptTag, T& object)
-        : m_ptr(&object)
+        : m_bits((FlatPtr)&object)
     {
+        ASSERT(!(m_bits & 1));
     }
     ALWAYS_INLINE NonnullRefPtr(NonnullRefPtr&& other)
-        : m_ptr(&other.leak_ref())
+        : m_bits((FlatPtr)&other.leak_ref())
     {
+        ASSERT(!(m_bits & 1));
     }
     template<typename U>
     ALWAYS_INLINE NonnullRefPtr(NonnullRefPtr<U>&& other)
-        : m_ptr(&other.leak_ref())
+        : m_bits((FlatPtr)&other.leak_ref())
     {
+        ASSERT(!(m_bits & 1));
     }
     ALWAYS_INLINE NonnullRefPtr(const NonnullRefPtr& other)
-        : m_ptr(const_cast<T*>(other.ptr()))
+        : m_bits((FlatPtr)other.add_ref())
     {
-        m_ptr->ref();
+        ASSERT(!(m_bits & 1));
     }
     template<typename U>
     ALWAYS_INLINE NonnullRefPtr(const NonnullRefPtr<U>& other)
-        : m_ptr(const_cast<U*>(other.ptr()))
+        : m_bits((FlatPtr)other.add_ref())
     {
-        m_ptr->ref();
+        ASSERT(!(m_bits & 1));
     }
     ALWAYS_INLINE ~NonnullRefPtr()
     {
-        unref_if_not_null(m_ptr);
-        m_ptr = nullptr;
+        assign(nullptr);
 #ifdef SANITIZE_PTRS
         if constexpr (sizeof(T*) == 8)
-            m_ptr = (T*)(0xb0b0b0b0b0b0b0b0);
+            m_bits.store(0xb0b0b0b0b0b0b0b0, AK::MemoryOrder::memory_order_relaxed);
         else
-            m_ptr = (T*)(0xb0b0b0b0);
+            m_bits.store(0xb0b0b0b0, AK::MemoryOrder::memory_order_relaxed);
 #endif
     }
 
@@ -120,100 +135,89 @@ public:
 
     NonnullRefPtr& operator=(const NonnullRefPtr& other)
     {
-        NonnullRefPtr ptr(other);
-        swap(ptr);
+        if (this != &other)
+            assign(other.add_ref());
         return *this;
     }
 
     template<typename U>
     NonnullRefPtr& operator=(const NonnullRefPtr<U>& other)
     {
-        NonnullRefPtr ptr(other);
-        swap(ptr);
+        assign(other.add_ref());
         return *this;
     }
 
     ALWAYS_INLINE NonnullRefPtr& operator=(NonnullRefPtr&& other)
     {
-        NonnullRefPtr ptr(move(other));
-        swap(ptr);
+        if (this != &other)
+            assign(&other.leak_ref());
         return *this;
     }
 
     template<typename U>
     NonnullRefPtr& operator=(NonnullRefPtr<U>&& other)
     {
-        NonnullRefPtr ptr(move(other));
-        swap(ptr);
+        assign(&other.leak_ref());
         return *this;
     }
 
     NonnullRefPtr& operator=(const T& object)
     {
-        NonnullRefPtr ptr(object);
-        swap(ptr);
+        const_cast<T&>(object).ref();
+        assign(const_cast<T*>(&object));
         return *this;
     }
 
     [[nodiscard]] ALWAYS_INLINE T& leak_ref()
     {
-        ASSERT(m_ptr);
-        return *exchange(m_ptr, nullptr);
+        T* ptr = exchange(nullptr);
+        ASSERT(ptr);
+        return *ptr;
     }
 
     ALWAYS_INLINE T* ptr()
     {
-        ASSERT(m_ptr);
-        return m_ptr;
+        return as_nonnull_ptr();
     }
     ALWAYS_INLINE const T* ptr() const
     {
-        ASSERT(m_ptr);
-        return m_ptr;
+        return as_nonnull_ptr();
     }
 
     ALWAYS_INLINE T* operator->()
     {
-        ASSERT(m_ptr);
-        return m_ptr;
+        return as_nonnull_ptr();
     }
     ALWAYS_INLINE const T* operator->() const
     {
-        ASSERT(m_ptr);
-        return m_ptr;
+        return as_nonnull_ptr();
     }
 
     ALWAYS_INLINE T& operator*()
     {
-        ASSERT(m_ptr);
-        return *m_ptr;
+        return *as_nonnull_ptr();
     }
     ALWAYS_INLINE const T& operator*() const
     {
-        ASSERT(m_ptr);
-        return *m_ptr;
+        return *as_nonnull_ptr();
     }
 
     ALWAYS_INLINE operator T*()
     {
-        ASSERT(m_ptr);
-        return m_ptr;
+        return as_nonnull_ptr();
     }
     ALWAYS_INLINE operator const T*() const
     {
-        ASSERT(m_ptr);
-        return m_ptr;
+        return as_nonnull_ptr();
     }
 
     ALWAYS_INLINE operator T&()
     {
-        ASSERT(m_ptr);
-        return *m_ptr;
+        return *as_nonnull_ptr();
     }
     ALWAYS_INLINE operator const T&() const
     {
-        ASSERT(m_ptr);
-        return *m_ptr;
+        return *as_nonnull_ptr();
     }
 
     operator bool() const = delete;
@@ -221,19 +225,113 @@ public:
 
     void swap(NonnullRefPtr& other)
     {
-        ::swap(m_ptr, other.m_ptr);
+        if (this == &other)
+            return;
+
+        // NOTE: swap is not atomic!
+        T* other_ptr = other.exchange(nullptr);
+        T* ptr = exchange(other_ptr);
+        other.exchange(ptr);
     }
 
     template<typename U>
     void swap(NonnullRefPtr<U>& other)
     {
-        ::swap(m_ptr, other.m_ptr);
+        // NOTE: swap is not atomic!
+        U* other_ptr = other.exchange(nullptr);
+        T* ptr = exchange(other_ptr);
+        other.exchange(ptr);
     }
 
 private:
     NonnullRefPtr() = delete;
 
-    T* m_ptr { nullptr };
+    ALWAYS_INLINE T* as_ptr() const
+    {
+        return (T*)(m_bits.load(AK::MemoryOrder::memory_order_relaxed) & ~(FlatPtr)1);
+    }
+
+    ALWAYS_INLINE T* as_nonnull_ptr() const
+    {
+        T* ptr = (T*)(m_bits.load(AK::MemoryOrder::memory_order_relaxed) & ~(FlatPtr)1);
+        ASSERT(ptr);
+        return ptr;
+    }
+
+    template<typename F>
+    void do_while_locked(F f) const
+    {
+#ifdef KERNEL
+        // We don't want to be pre-empted while we have the lock bit set
+        Kernel::ScopedCritical critical;
+#endif
+        FlatPtr bits;
+        for (;;) {
+            bits = m_bits.fetch_or(1, AK::MemoryOrder::memory_order_acq_rel);
+            if (!(bits & 1))
+                break;
+#ifdef KERNEL
+            Kernel::Processor::wait_check();
+#endif
+        }
+        ASSERT(!(bits & 1));
+        f((T*)bits);
+        m_bits.store(bits, AK::MemoryOrder::memory_order_release);
+    }
+
+    ALWAYS_INLINE void assign(T* new_ptr)
+    {
+        T* prev_ptr = exchange(new_ptr);
+        unref_if_not_null(prev_ptr);
+    }
+
+    ALWAYS_INLINE T* exchange(T* new_ptr)
+    {
+        ASSERT(!((FlatPtr)new_ptr & 1));
+#ifdef KERNEL
+        // We don't want to be pre-empted while we have the lock bit set
+        Kernel::ScopedCritical critical;
+#endif
+        // Only exchange while not locked
+        FlatPtr expected = m_bits.load(AK::MemoryOrder::memory_order_relaxed);
+        for (;;) {
+            expected &= ~(FlatPtr)1; // only if lock bit is not set
+            if (m_bits.compare_exchange_strong(expected, (FlatPtr)new_ptr, AK::MemoryOrder::memory_order_acq_rel))
+                break;
+#ifdef KERNEL
+            Kernel::Processor::wait_check();
+#endif
+        }
+        ASSERT(!(expected & 1));
+        return (T*)expected;
+    }
+
+    T* add_ref() const
+    {
+#ifdef KERNEL
+        // We don't want to be pre-empted while we have the lock bit set
+        Kernel::ScopedCritical critical;
+#endif
+        // Lock the pointer
+        FlatPtr expected = m_bits.load(AK::MemoryOrder::memory_order_relaxed);
+        for (;;) {
+            expected &= ~(FlatPtr)1; // only if lock bit is not set
+            if (m_bits.compare_exchange_strong(expected, expected | 1, AK::MemoryOrder::memory_order_acq_rel))
+                break;
+#ifdef KERNEL
+            Kernel::Processor::wait_check();
+#endif
+        }
+
+        // Add a reference now that we locked the pointer
+        ref_if_not_null((T*)expected);
+
+        // Unlock the pointer again
+        m_bits.store(expected, AK::MemoryOrder::memory_order_release);
+        return (T*)expected;
+    }
+
+    mutable Atomic<FlatPtr> m_bits { 0 };
 };
 
 template<typename T>

AK/RefCounted.h

@@ -69,26 +69,26 @@ public:
 
     ALWAYS_INLINE void ref() const
     {
-        auto old_ref_count = m_ref_count++;
+        auto old_ref_count = m_ref_count.fetch_add(1, AK::MemoryOrder::memory_order_relaxed);
         ASSERT(old_ref_count > 0);
         ASSERT(!Checked<RefCountType>::addition_would_overflow(old_ref_count, 1));
     }
 
     ALWAYS_INLINE RefCountType ref_count() const
     {
-        return m_ref_count;
+        return m_ref_count.load(AK::MemoryOrder::memory_order_relaxed);
     }
 
 protected:
     RefCountedBase() { }
     ALWAYS_INLINE ~RefCountedBase()
     {
-        ASSERT(m_ref_count == 0);
+        ASSERT(m_ref_count.load(AK::MemoryOrder::memory_order_relaxed) == 0);
     }
 
     ALWAYS_INLINE RefCountType deref_base() const
     {
-        auto old_ref_count = m_ref_count--;
+        auto old_ref_count = m_ref_count.fetch_sub(1, AK::MemoryOrder::memory_order_acq_rel);
         ASSERT(old_ref_count > 0);
         return old_ref_count - 1;
     }

AK/RefPtr.h

@@ -26,11 +26,15 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <AK/Atomic.h>
 #include <AK/LogStream.h>
 #include <AK/NonnullRefPtr.h>
 #include <AK/StdLibExtras.h>
 #include <AK/Traits.h>
 #include <AK/Types.h>
+#ifdef KERNEL
+#    include <Kernel/Arch/i386/CPU.h>
+#endif
 
 namespace AK {
 
@@ -39,19 +43,87 @@ class OwnPtr;
 
 template<typename T>
 struct RefPtrTraits {
-    static T* as_ptr(FlatPtr bits)
+    ALWAYS_INLINE static T* as_ptr(FlatPtr bits)
     {
-        return (T*)bits;
+        return (T*)(bits & ~(FlatPtr)1);
     }
 
-    static FlatPtr as_bits(T* ptr)
+    ALWAYS_INLINE static FlatPtr as_bits(T* ptr)
     {
+        ASSERT(!((FlatPtr)ptr & 1));
         return (FlatPtr)ptr;
     }
 
-    static bool is_null(FlatPtr bits)
+    template<typename U, typename PtrTraits>
+    ALWAYS_INLINE static FlatPtr convert_from(FlatPtr bits)
     {
-        return !bits;
+        if (PtrTraits::is_null(bits))
+            return default_null_value;
+        return as_bits(PtrTraits::as_ptr(bits));
+    }
+
+    ALWAYS_INLINE static bool is_null(FlatPtr bits)
+    {
+        return !(bits & ~(FlatPtr)1);
+    }
+
+    ALWAYS_INLINE static FlatPtr exchange(Atomic<FlatPtr>& atomic_var, FlatPtr new_value)
+    {
+        // Only exchange when lock is not held
+        ASSERT(!(new_value & 1));
+        FlatPtr expected = atomic_var.load(AK::MemoryOrder::memory_order_relaxed);
+        for (;;) {
+            expected &= ~(FlatPtr)1; // only if lock bit is not set
+            if (atomic_var.compare_exchange_strong(expected, new_value, AK::MemoryOrder::memory_order_acq_rel))
+                break;
+#ifdef KERNEL
+            Kernel::Processor::wait_check();
+#endif
+        }
+        return expected;
+    }
+
+    ALWAYS_INLINE static bool exchange_if_null(Atomic<FlatPtr>& atomic_var, FlatPtr new_value)
+    {
+        // Only exchange when lock is not held
+        ASSERT(!(new_value & 1));
+        for (;;) {
+            FlatPtr expected = default_null_value; // only if lock bit is not set
+            if (atomic_var.compare_exchange_strong(expected, new_value, AK::MemoryOrder::memory_order_acq_rel))
+                break;
+            if (!is_null(expected))
+                return false;
+#ifdef KERNEL
+            Kernel::Processor::wait_check();
+#endif
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    ALWAYS_INLINE static FlatPtr lock(Atomic<FlatPtr>& atomic_var)
+    {
+        // This sets the lock bit atomically, preventing further modifications.
+        // This is important when e.g. copying a RefPtr where the source
+        // might be released and freed too quickly. This allows us
+        // to temporarily lock the pointer so we can add a reference, then
+        // unlock it
+        FlatPtr bits;
+        for (;;) {
+            bits = atomic_var.fetch_or(1, AK::MemoryOrder::memory_order_acq_rel);
+            if (!(bits & 1))
+                break;
+#ifdef KERNEL
+            Kernel::Processor::wait_check();
+#endif
+        }
+        ASSERT(!(bits & 1));
+        return bits;
+    }
+
+    ALWAYS_INLINE static void unlock(Atomic<FlatPtr>& atomic_var, FlatPtr new_value)
+    {
+        ASSERT(!(new_value & 1));
+        atomic_var.store(new_value, AK::MemoryOrder::memory_order_release);
     }
 
     static constexpr FlatPtr default_null_value = 0;
@@ -63,6 +135,9 @@ template<typename T, typename PtrTraits>
 class RefPtr {
     template<typename U, typename P>
     friend class RefPtr;
+    template<typename U>
+    friend class WeakPtr;
+
 public:
     enum AdoptTag {
         Adopt
@@ -79,62 +154,55 @@ public:
     {
         T* ptr = const_cast<T*>(&object);
         ASSERT(ptr);
-        ASSERT(!ptr == PtrTraits::is_null(m_bits));
+        ASSERT(!is_null());
         ptr->ref();
     }
     RefPtr(AdoptTag, T& object)
         : m_bits(PtrTraits::as_bits(&object))
     {
-        ASSERT(&object);
-        ASSERT(!PtrTraits::is_null(m_bits));
+        ASSERT(!is_null());
     }
     RefPtr(RefPtr&& other)
         : m_bits(other.leak_ref_raw())
     {
     }
     ALWAYS_INLINE RefPtr(const NonnullRefPtr<T>& other)
-        : m_bits(PtrTraits::as_bits(const_cast<T*>(other.ptr())))
+        : m_bits(PtrTraits::as_bits(const_cast<T*>(other.add_ref())))
     {
-        ASSERT(!PtrTraits::is_null(m_bits));
-        PtrTraits::as_ptr(m_bits)->ref();
     }
     template<typename U>
     ALWAYS_INLINE RefPtr(const NonnullRefPtr<U>& other)
-        : m_bits(PtrTraits::as_bits(const_cast<U*>(other.ptr())))
+        : m_bits(PtrTraits::as_bits(const_cast<U*>(other.add_ref())))
     {
-        ASSERT(!PtrTraits::is_null(m_bits));
-        PtrTraits::as_ptr(m_bits)->ref();
     }
     template<typename U>
     ALWAYS_INLINE RefPtr(NonnullRefPtr<U>&& other)
         : m_bits(PtrTraits::as_bits(&other.leak_ref()))
     {
-        ASSERT(!PtrTraits::is_null(m_bits));
+        ASSERT(!is_null());
     }
     template<typename U, typename P = RefPtrTraits<U>>
     RefPtr(RefPtr<U, P>&& other)
-        : m_bits(other.leak_ref_raw())
+        : m_bits(PtrTraits::template convert_from<U, P>(other.leak_ref_raw()))
     {
     }
     RefPtr(const RefPtr& other)
-        : m_bits(PtrTraits::as_bits(const_cast<T*>(other.ptr())))
+        : m_bits(other.add_ref_raw())
     {
-        ref_if_not_null(const_cast<T*>(other.ptr()));
     }
     template<typename U, typename P = RefPtrTraits<U>>
     RefPtr(const RefPtr<U, P>& other)
-        : m_bits(PtrTraits::as_bits(const_cast<U*>(other.ptr())))
+        : m_bits(other.add_ref_raw())
     {
-        ref_if_not_null(const_cast<U*>(other.ptr()));
     }
     ALWAYS_INLINE ~RefPtr()
     {
         clear();
 #ifdef SANITIZE_PTRS
         if constexpr (sizeof(T*) == 8)
-            m_bits = 0xe0e0e0e0e0e0e0e0;
+            m_bits.store(0xe0e0e0e0e0e0e0e0, AK::MemoryOrder::memory_order_relaxed);
         else
-            m_bits = 0xe0e0e0e0;
+            m_bits.store(0xe0e0e0e0, AK::MemoryOrder::memory_order_relaxed);
 #endif
     }
     RefPtr(std::nullptr_t) { }
@@ -144,79 +212,85 @@ public:
     template<typename U>
     RefPtr& operator=(const OwnPtr<U>&) = delete;
 
-    template<typename U>
-    void swap(RefPtr<U, PtrTraits>& other)
+    void swap(RefPtr& other)
     {
-        ::swap(m_bits, other.m_bits);
+        if (this == &other)
+            return;
+
+        // NOTE: swap is not atomic!
+        FlatPtr other_bits = PtrTraits::exchange(other.m_bits, PtrTraits::default_null_value);
+        FlatPtr bits = PtrTraits::exchange(m_bits, other_bits);
+        PtrTraits::exchange(other.m_bits, bits);
+    }
+
+    template<typename U, typename P = RefPtrTraits<U>>
+    void swap(RefPtr<U, P>& other)
+    {
+        // NOTE: swap is not atomic!
+        FlatPtr other_bits = P::exchange(other.m_bits, P::default_null_value);
+        FlatPtr bits = PtrTraits::exchange(m_bits, PtrTraits::template convert_from<U, P>(other_bits));
+        P::exchange(other.m_bits, P::template convert_from<U, P>(bits));
     }
 
     ALWAYS_INLINE RefPtr& operator=(RefPtr&& other)
     {
-        RefPtr tmp = move(other);
-        swap(tmp);
+        if (this != &other)
+            assign_raw(other.leak_ref_raw());
         return *this;
     }
 
-    template<typename U>
-    ALWAYS_INLINE RefPtr& operator=(RefPtr<U, PtrTraits>&& other)
+    template<typename U, typename P = RefPtrTraits<U>>
+    ALWAYS_INLINE RefPtr& operator=(RefPtr<U, P>&& other)
     {
-        RefPtr tmp = move(other);
-        swap(tmp);
+        assign_raw(PtrTraits::template convert_from<U, P>(other.leak_ref_raw()));
         return *this;
     }
 
     template<typename U>
     ALWAYS_INLINE RefPtr& operator=(NonnullRefPtr<U>&& other)
     {
-        RefPtr tmp = move(other);
-        swap(tmp);
-        ASSERT(!PtrTraits::is_null(m_bits));
+        assign_raw(PtrTraits::as_bits(&other.leak_ref()));
         return *this;
     }
 
     ALWAYS_INLINE RefPtr& operator=(const NonnullRefPtr<T>& other)
     {
-        RefPtr tmp = other;
-        swap(tmp);
-        ASSERT(!PtrTraits::is_null(m_bits));
+        assign_raw(PtrTraits::as_bits(other.add_ref()));
         return *this;
     }
 
     template<typename U>
     ALWAYS_INLINE RefPtr& operator=(const NonnullRefPtr<U>& other)
     {
-        RefPtr tmp = other;
-        swap(tmp);
-        ASSERT(!PtrTraits::is_null(m_bits));
+        assign_raw(PtrTraits::as_bits(other.add_ref()));
         return *this;
     }
 
     ALWAYS_INLINE RefPtr& operator=(const RefPtr& other)
     {
-        RefPtr tmp = other;
-        swap(tmp);
+        if (this != &other)
+            assign_raw(other.add_ref_raw());
         return *this;
     }
 
     template<typename U>
     ALWAYS_INLINE RefPtr& operator=(const RefPtr<U>& other)
     {
-        RefPtr tmp = other;
-        swap(tmp);
+        assign_raw(other.add_ref_raw());
         return *this;
     }
 
     ALWAYS_INLINE RefPtr& operator=(const T* ptr)
     {
-        RefPtr tmp = ptr;
-        swap(tmp);
+        ref_if_not_null(const_cast<T*>(ptr));
+        assign_raw(PtrTraits::as_bits(const_cast<T*>(ptr)));
         return *this;
     }
 
     ALWAYS_INLINE RefPtr& operator=(const T& object)
     {
-        RefPtr tmp = object;
-        swap(tmp);
+        const_cast<T&>(object).ref();
+        assign_raw(PtrTraits::as_bits(const_cast<T*>(&object)));
         return *this;
     }
 
@@ -226,99 +300,166 @@ public:
         return *this;
     }
 
-    ALWAYS_INLINE void clear()
+    ALWAYS_INLINE bool assign_if_null(RefPtr&& other)
     {
-        unref_if_not_null(PtrTraits::as_ptr(m_bits));
-        m_bits = PtrTraits::default_null_value;
+        if (this == &other)
+            return is_null();
+        return PtrTraits::exchange_if_null(m_bits, other.leak_ref_raw());
     }
 
-    bool operator!() const { return PtrTraits::is_null(m_bits); }
+    template<typename U, typename P = RefPtrTraits<U>>
+    ALWAYS_INLINE bool assign_if_null(RefPtr<U, P>&& other)
+    {
+        if (this == &other)
+            return is_null();
+        return PtrTraits::exchange_if_null(m_bits, PtrTraits::template convert_from<U, P>(other.leak_ref_raw()));
+    }
+
+    ALWAYS_INLINE void clear()
+    {
+        assign_raw(PtrTraits::default_null_value);
+    }
+
+    bool operator!() const { return PtrTraits::is_null(m_bits.load(AK::MemoryOrder::memory_order_relaxed)); }
 
     [[nodiscard]] T* leak_ref()
     {
-        FlatPtr bits = exchange(m_bits, PtrTraits::default_null_value);
-        return !PtrTraits::is_null(bits) ? PtrTraits::as_ptr(bits) : nullptr;
+        FlatPtr bits = PtrTraits::exchange(m_bits, PtrTraits::default_null_value);
+        return PtrTraits::as_ptr(bits);
     }
 
     NonnullRefPtr<T> release_nonnull()
     {
-        ASSERT(!PtrTraits::is_null(m_bits));
-        return NonnullRefPtr<T>(NonnullRefPtr<T>::Adopt, *leak_ref());
+        FlatPtr bits = PtrTraits::exchange(m_bits, PtrTraits::default_null_value);
+        ASSERT(!PtrTraits::is_null(bits));
+        return NonnullRefPtr<T>(NonnullRefPtr<T>::Adopt, *PtrTraits::as_ptr(bits));
     }
 
-    ALWAYS_INLINE T* ptr() { return !PtrTraits::is_null(m_bits) ? PtrTraits::as_ptr(m_bits) : nullptr; }
-    ALWAYS_INLINE const T* ptr() const { return !PtrTraits::is_null(m_bits) ? PtrTraits::as_ptr(m_bits) : nullptr; }
+    ALWAYS_INLINE T* ptr() { return as_ptr(); }
+    ALWAYS_INLINE const T* ptr() const { return as_ptr(); }
 
     ALWAYS_INLINE T* operator->()
     {
-        ASSERT(!PtrTraits::is_null(m_bits));
-        return PtrTraits::as_ptr(m_bits);
+        return as_nonnull_ptr();
     }
 
     ALWAYS_INLINE const T* operator->() const
     {
-        ASSERT(!PtrTraits::is_null(m_bits));
-        return PtrTraits::as_ptr(m_bits);
+        return as_nonnull_ptr();
     }
 
     ALWAYS_INLINE T& operator*()
     {
-        ASSERT(!PtrTraits::is_null(m_bits));
-        return *PtrTraits::as_ptr(m_bits);
+        return *as_nonnull_ptr();
     }
 
     ALWAYS_INLINE const T& operator*() const
     {
-        ASSERT(!PtrTraits::is_null(m_bits));
-        return *PtrTraits::as_ptr(m_bits);
+        return *as_nonnull_ptr();
     }
 
-    ALWAYS_INLINE operator const T*() const { return PtrTraits::as_ptr(m_bits); }
-    ALWAYS_INLINE operator T*() { return PtrTraits::as_ptr(m_bits); }
+    ALWAYS_INLINE operator const T*() const { return as_ptr(); }
+    ALWAYS_INLINE operator T*() { return as_ptr(); }
 
-    operator bool() { return !PtrTraits::is_null(m_bits); }
+    operator bool() { return !is_null(); }
 
-    bool operator==(std::nullptr_t) const { return PtrTraits::is_null(m_bits); }
-    bool operator!=(std::nullptr_t) const { return !PtrTraits::is_null(m_bits); }
+    bool operator==(std::nullptr_t) const { return is_null(); }
+    bool operator!=(std::nullptr_t) const { return !is_null(); }
 
-    bool operator==(const RefPtr& other) const { return m_bits == other.m_bits; }
-    bool operator!=(const RefPtr& other) const { return m_bits != other.m_bits; }
+    bool operator==(const RefPtr& other) const { return as_ptr() == other.as_ptr(); }
+    bool operator!=(const RefPtr& other) const { return as_ptr() != other.as_ptr(); }
 
-    bool operator==(RefPtr& other) { return m_bits == other.m_bits; }
-    bool operator!=(RefPtr& other) { return m_bits != other.m_bits; }
+    bool operator==(RefPtr& other) { return as_ptr() == other.as_ptr(); }
+    bool operator!=(RefPtr& other) { return as_ptr() != other.as_ptr(); }
 
-    bool operator==(const T* other) const { return PtrTraits::as_ptr(m_bits) == other; }
-    bool operator!=(const T* other) const { return PtrTraits::as_ptr(m_bits) != other; }
+    bool operator==(const T* other) const { return as_ptr() == other; }
+    bool operator!=(const T* other) const { return as_ptr() != other; }
 
-    bool operator==(T* other) { return PtrTraits::as_ptr(m_bits) == other; }
-    bool operator!=(T* other) { return PtrTraits::as_ptr(m_bits) != other; }
+    bool operator==(T* other) { return as_ptr() == other; }
+    bool operator!=(T* other) { return as_ptr() != other; }
+
+    bool is_null() const { return PtrTraits::is_null(m_bits.load(AK::MemoryOrder::memory_order_relaxed)); }
 
-    bool is_null() const { return PtrTraits::is_null(m_bits); }
-    
     template<typename U = T, typename EnableIf<IsSame<U, T>::value && !IsNullPointer<typename PtrTraits::NullType>::value>::Type* = nullptr>
     typename PtrTraits::NullType null_value() const
     {
         // make sure we are holding a null value
-        ASSERT(PtrTraits::is_null(m_bits));
-        return PtrTraits::to_null_value(m_bits);
+        FlatPtr bits = m_bits.load(AK::MemoryOrder::memory_order_relaxed);
+        ASSERT(PtrTraits::is_null(bits));
+        return PtrTraits::to_null_value(bits);
     }
     template<typename U = T, typename EnableIf<IsSame<U, T>::value && !IsNullPointer<typename PtrTraits::NullType>::value>::Type* = nullptr>
     void set_null_value(typename PtrTraits::NullType value)
     {
-         // make sure that new null value would be interpreted as a null value
-         FlatPtr bits = PtrTraits::from_null_value(value);
-         ASSERT(PtrTraits::is_null(bits));
-         clear();
-         m_bits = bits;
+        // make sure that new null value would be interpreted as a null value
+        FlatPtr bits = PtrTraits::from_null_value(value);
+        ASSERT(PtrTraits::is_null(bits));
+        assign_raw(bits);
     }
 
 private:
-    [[nodiscard]] FlatPtr leak_ref_raw()
+    template<typename F>
+    void do_while_locked(F f) const
     {
-        return exchange(m_bits, PtrTraits::default_null_value);
+#ifdef KERNEL
+        // We don't want to be pre-empted while we have the lock bit set
+        Kernel::ScopedCritical critical;
+#endif
+        FlatPtr bits = PtrTraits::lock(m_bits);
+        T* ptr = PtrTraits::as_ptr(bits);
+        f(ptr);
+        PtrTraits::unlock(m_bits, bits);
     }
 
-    FlatPtr m_bits { PtrTraits::default_null_value };
+    [[nodiscard]] ALWAYS_INLINE FlatPtr leak_ref_raw()
+    {
+        return PtrTraits::exchange(m_bits, PtrTraits::default_null_value);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] ALWAYS_INLINE FlatPtr add_ref_raw() const
+    {
+#ifdef KERNEL
+        // We don't want to be pre-empted while we have the lock bit set
+        Kernel::ScopedCritical critical;
+#endif
+        // This prevents a race condition between thread A and B:
+        // 1. Thread A copies RefPtr, e.g. through assignment or copy constructor,
+        //    gets the pointer from source, but is pre-empted before adding
+        //    another reference
+        // 2. Thread B calls clear, leak_ref, or release_nonnull on source, and
+        //    then drops the last reference, causing the object to be deleted
+        // 3. Thread A finishes step #1 by attempting to add a reference to
+        //    the object that was already deleted in step #2
+        FlatPtr bits = PtrTraits::lock(m_bits);
+        if (T* ptr = PtrTraits::as_ptr(bits))
+            ptr->ref();
+        PtrTraits::unlock(m_bits, bits);
+        return bits;
+    }
+
+    ALWAYS_INLINE void assign_raw(FlatPtr bits)
+    {
+        FlatPtr prev_bits = PtrTraits::exchange(m_bits, bits);
+        unref_if_not_null(PtrTraits::as_ptr(prev_bits));
+    }
+
+    ALWAYS_INLINE T* as_ptr() const
+    {
+        return PtrTraits::as_ptr(m_bits.load(AK::MemoryOrder::memory_order_relaxed));
+    }
+
+    ALWAYS_INLINE T* as_nonnull_ptr() const
+    {
+        return as_nonnull_ptr(m_bits.load(AK::MemoryOrder::memory_order_relaxed));
+    }
+
+    ALWAYS_INLINE T* as_nonnull_ptr(FlatPtr bits) const
+    {
+        ASSERT(!PtrTraits::is_null(bits));
+        return PtrTraits::as_ptr(bits);
+    }
+
+    mutable Atomic<FlatPtr> m_bits { PtrTraits::default_null_value };
 };
 
 template<typename T, typename PtrTraits = RefPtrTraits<T>>
@@ -346,6 +487,12 @@ inline RefPtr<T> static_ptr_cast(const RefPtr<U>& ptr)
     return RefPtr<T, PtrTraits>(static_cast<const T*>(ptr.ptr()));
 }
 
+template<typename T, typename PtrTraitsT, typename U, typename PtrTraitsU>
+inline void swap(RefPtr<T, PtrTraitsT>& a, RefPtr<U, PtrTraitsU>& b)
+{
+    a.swap(b);
+}
+
 }
 
 using AK::RefPtr;

AK/StdLibExtras.h

@@ -146,6 +146,8 @@ struct IntegralConstant {
 
 typedef IntegralConstant<bool, false> FalseType;
 typedef IntegralConstant<bool, true> TrueType;
+template<typename...>
+using VoidType = void;
 
 template<class T>
 struct IsLvalueReference : FalseType {
@@ -302,7 +304,6 @@ template<typename T>
 struct IsNullPointer : IsSame<decltype(nullptr), typename RemoveCV<T>::Type> {
 };
 
-
 template<typename T>
 struct RemoveReference {
     typedef T Type;

AK/Tests/TestRefPtr.cpp

@@ -33,6 +33,9 @@ struct Object : public RefCounted<Object> {
     int x;
 };
 
+struct Object2 : Object {
+};
+
 TEST_CASE(basics)
 {
     RefPtr<Object> object = adopt(*new Object);
@@ -67,6 +70,42 @@ TEST_CASE(assign_ptr)
     EXPECT_EQ(object->ref_count(), 1u);
 }
 
+TEST_CASE(copy_move_ref)
+{
+    RefPtr<Object2> object = adopt(*new Object2);
+    EXPECT_EQ(object->ref_count(), 1u);
+    {
+        auto object2 = object;
+        EXPECT_EQ(object->ref_count(), 2u);
+
+        RefPtr<Object> object1 = object;
+        EXPECT_EQ(object->ref_count(), 3u);
+
+        object1 = move(object2);
+        EXPECT_EQ(object->ref_count(), 2u);
+
+        RefPtr<Object> object3(move(object1));
+        EXPECT_EQ(object3->ref_count(), 2u);
+
+        object1 = object3;
+        EXPECT_EQ(object3->ref_count(), 3u);
+    }
+    EXPECT_EQ(object->ref_count(), 1u);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(swap)
+{
+    RefPtr<Object> object_a = adopt(*new Object);
+    RefPtr<Object> object_b = adopt(*new Object);
+    auto* ptr_a = object_a.ptr();
+    auto* ptr_b = object_b.ptr();
+    swap(object_a, object_b);
+    EXPECT_EQ(object_a, ptr_b);
+    EXPECT_EQ(object_b, ptr_a);
+    EXPECT_EQ(object_a->ref_count(), 1u);
+    EXPECT_EQ(object_b->ref_count(), 1u);
+}
+
 TEST_CASE(assign_moved_self)
 {
     RefPtr<Object> object = adopt(*new Object);

AK/Tests/TestWeakPtr.cpp

@@ -35,7 +35,8 @@
 #    pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wunused-private-field"
 #endif
 
-class SimpleWeakable : public Weakable<SimpleWeakable> {
+class SimpleWeakable : public Weakable<SimpleWeakable>
+    , public RefCounted<SimpleWeakable> {
 public:
     SimpleWeakable() { }
 
@@ -53,18 +54,18 @@ TEST_CASE(basic_weak)
     WeakPtr<SimpleWeakable> weak2;
 
     {
-        SimpleWeakable simple;
-        weak1 = simple.make_weak_ptr();
-        weak2 = simple.make_weak_ptr();
+        auto simple = adopt(*new SimpleWeakable);
+        weak1 = simple;
+        weak2 = simple;
         EXPECT_EQ(weak1.is_null(), false);
         EXPECT_EQ(weak2.is_null(), false);
-        EXPECT_EQ(weak1.ptr(), &simple);
-        EXPECT_EQ(weak1.ptr(), weak2.ptr());
+        EXPECT_EQ(weak1.strong_ref().ptr(), simple.ptr());
+        EXPECT_EQ(weak1.strong_ref().ptr(), weak2.strong_ref().ptr());
     }
 
     EXPECT_EQ(weak1.is_null(), true);
-    EXPECT_EQ(weak1.ptr(), nullptr);
-    EXPECT_EQ(weak1.ptr(), weak2.ptr());
+    EXPECT_EQ(weak1.strong_ref().ptr(), nullptr);
+    EXPECT_EQ(weak1.strong_ref().ptr(), weak2.strong_ref().ptr());
 }
 
 TEST_CASE(weakptr_move)
@@ -73,12 +74,12 @@ TEST_CASE(weakptr_move)
     WeakPtr<SimpleWeakable> weak2;
 
     {
-        SimpleWeakable simple;
-        weak1 = simple.make_weak_ptr();
+        auto simple = adopt(*new SimpleWeakable);
+        weak1 = simple;
         weak2 = move(weak1);
         EXPECT_EQ(weak1.is_null(), true);
         EXPECT_EQ(weak2.is_null(), false);
-        EXPECT_EQ(weak2.ptr(), &simple);
+        EXPECT_EQ(weak2.strong_ref().ptr(), simple.ptr());
     }
 
     EXPECT_EQ(weak2.is_null(), true);

AK/WeakPtr.h

@@ -31,82 +31,209 @@
 
 namespace AK {
 
-template<typename T>
-class OwnPtr;
-
 template<typename T>
 class WeakPtr {
-    friend class Weakable<T>;
+    template<typename U>
+    friend class Weakable;
 
 public:
     WeakPtr() { }
     WeakPtr(std::nullptr_t) { }
 
-    template<typename U>
-    WeakPtr(WeakPtr<U>&& other)
-        : m_link(reinterpret_cast<WeakLink<T>*>(other.take_link().ptr()))
+    template<typename U, typename EnableIf<IsBaseOf<T, U>::value>::Type* = nullptr>
+    WeakPtr(const WeakPtr<U>& other)
+        : m_link(other.m_link)
     {
     }
 
-    template<typename U>
+    template<typename U, typename EnableIf<IsBaseOf<T, U>::value>::Type* = nullptr>
+    WeakPtr(WeakPtr<U>&& other)
+        : m_link(other.take_link())
+    {
+    }
+
+    template<typename U, typename EnableIf<IsBaseOf<T, U>::value>::Type* = nullptr>
     WeakPtr& operator=(WeakPtr<U>&& other)
     {
-        m_link = reinterpret_cast<WeakLink<T>*>(other.take_link().ptr());
+        m_link = other.take_link();
         return *this;
     }
 
-    operator bool() const { return ptr(); }
+    template<typename U, typename EnableIf<IsBaseOf<T, U>::value>::Type* = nullptr>
+    WeakPtr& operator=(const WeakPtr<U>& other)
+    {
+        if ((const void*)this != (const void*)&other)
+            m_link = other.m_link;
+        return *this;
+    }
 
-    T* ptr() { return m_link ? m_link->ptr() : nullptr; }
-    const T* ptr() const { return m_link ? m_link->ptr() : nullptr; }
+    WeakPtr& operator=(std::nullptr_t)
+    {
+        clear();
+        return *this;
+    }
 
-    T* operator->() { return ptr(); }
-    const T* operator->() const { return ptr(); }
-
-    T& operator*() { return *ptr(); }
-    const T& operator*() const { return *ptr(); }
-
-    operator const T*() const { return ptr(); }
-    operator T*() { return ptr(); }
-
-    bool is_null() const { return !m_link || !m_link->ptr(); }
-    void clear() { m_link = nullptr; }
-
-    RefPtr<WeakLink<T>> take_link() { return move(m_link); }
-
-    bool operator==(const OwnPtr<T>& other) const { return ptr() == other.ptr(); }
-
-private:
-    WeakPtr(RefPtr<WeakLink<T>> link)
-        : m_link(move(link))
+    template<typename U, typename EnableIf<IsBaseOf<T, U>::value>::Type* = nullptr>
+    WeakPtr(const U& object)
+        : m_link(object.template make_weak_ptr<U>().take_link())
     {
     }
 
-    RefPtr<WeakLink<T>> m_link;
+    template<typename U, typename EnableIf<IsBaseOf<T, U>::value>::Type* = nullptr>
+    WeakPtr(const U* object)
+    {
+        if (object)
+            m_link = object->template make_weak_ptr<U>().take_link();
+    }
+
+    template<typename U, typename EnableIf<IsBaseOf<T, U>::value>::Type* = nullptr>
+    WeakPtr(const RefPtr<U>& object)
+    {
+        object.do_while_locked([&](U* obj) {
+            if (obj)
+                obj->template make_weak_ptr<U>().take_link();
+        });
+    }
+
+    template<typename U, typename EnableIf<IsBaseOf<T, U>::value>::Type* = nullptr>
+    WeakPtr(const NonnullRefPtr<U>& object)
+    {
+        object.do_while_locked([&](U* obj) {
+            if (obj)
+                obj->template make_weak_ptr<U>().take_link();
+        });
+    }
+
+    template<typename U, typename EnableIf<IsBaseOf<T, U>::value>::Type* = nullptr>
+    WeakPtr& operator=(const U& object)
+    {
+        m_link = object.template make_weak_ptr<U>().take_link();
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template<typename U, typename EnableIf<IsBaseOf<T, U>::value>::Type* = nullptr>
+    WeakPtr& operator=(const U* object)
+    {
+        if (object)
+            m_link = object->template make_weak_ptr<U>().take_link();
+        else
+            m_link = nullptr;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template<typename U, typename EnableIf<IsBaseOf<T, U>::value>::Type* = nullptr>
+    WeakPtr& operator=(const RefPtr<U>& object)
+    {
+        object.do_while_locked([&](U* obj) {
+            if (obj)
+                m_link = obj->template make_weak_ptr<U>().take_link();
+            else
+                m_link = nullptr;
+        });
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template<typename U, typename EnableIf<IsBaseOf<T, U>::value>::Type* = nullptr>
+    WeakPtr& operator=(const NonnullRefPtr<U>& object)
+    {
+        object.do_while_locked([&](U* obj) {
+            if (obj)
+                m_link = obj->template make_weak_ptr<U>().take_link();
+            else
+                m_link = nullptr;
+        });
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    RefPtr<T> strong_ref() const
+    {
+        // This only works with RefCounted objects, but it is the only
+        // safe way to get a strong reference from a WeakPtr. Any code
+        // that uses objects not derived from RefCounted will have to
+        // use unsafe_ptr(), but as the name suggests, it is not safe...
+        RefPtr<T> ref;
+        // Using do_while_locked protects against a race with clear()!
+        m_link.do_while_locked([&](WeakLink* link) {
+            if (link)
+                ref = link->template strong_ref<T>();
+        });
+        return ref;
+    }
+
+#ifndef KERNEL
+    // A lot of user mode code is single-threaded. But for kernel mode code
+    // this is generally not true as everything is multi-threaded. So make
+    // these shortcuts and aliases only available to non-kernel code.
+    T* ptr() const { return unsafe_ptr(); }
+    T* operator->() { return unsafe_ptr(); }
+    const T* operator->() const { return unsafe_ptr(); }
+    operator const T*() const { return unsafe_ptr(); }
+    operator T*() { return unsafe_ptr(); }
+#endif
+
+    T* unsafe_ptr() const
+    {
+        T* ptr = nullptr;
+        m_link.do_while_locked([&](WeakLink* link) {
+            if (link)
+                ptr = link->unsafe_ptr<T>();
+        });
+        return ptr;
+    }
+
+    operator bool() const { return m_link ? !m_link->is_null() : false; }
+
+    bool is_null() const { return !m_link || m_link->is_null(); }
+    void clear() { m_link = nullptr; }
+
+    RefPtr<WeakLink> take_link() { return move(m_link); }
+
+private:
+    WeakPtr(const RefPtr<WeakLink>& link)
+        : m_link(link)
+    {
+    }
+
+    RefPtr<WeakLink> m_link;
 };
 
 template<typename T>
-inline WeakPtr<T> Weakable<T>::make_weak_ptr()
+template<typename U>
+inline WeakPtr<U> Weakable<T>::make_weak_ptr() const
 {
 #ifdef DEBUG
     ASSERT(!m_being_destroyed);
 #endif
-    if (!m_link)
-        m_link = adopt(*new WeakLink<T>(static_cast<T&>(*this)));
-    return WeakPtr<T>(m_link);
+    if (!m_link) {
+        // There is a small chance that we create a new WeakLink and throw
+        // it away because another thread beat us to it. But the window is
+        // pretty small and the overhead isn't terrible.
+        m_link.assign_if_null(adopt(*new WeakLink(const_cast<T&>(static_cast<const T&>(*this)))));
+    }
+    return WeakPtr<U>(m_link);
 }
 
 template<typename T>
 inline const LogStream& operator<<(const LogStream& stream, const WeakPtr<T>& value)
 {
+#ifdef KERNEL
+    auto ref = value.strong_ref();
+    return stream << ref.ptr();
+#else
     return stream << value.ptr();
+#endif
 }
 
 template<typename T>
 struct Formatter<WeakPtr<T>> : Formatter<const T*> {
     void format(TypeErasedFormatParams& params, FormatBuilder& builder, const WeakPtr<T>& value)
     {
+#ifdef KERNEL
+        auto ref = value.strong_ref();
+        Formatter<const T*>::format(params, builder, ref.ptr());
+#else
         Formatter<const T*>::format(params, builder, value.ptr());
+#endif
     }
 };
 

AK/Weakable.h

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include "Assertions.h"
+#include "Atomic.h"
 #include "RefCounted.h"
 #include "RefPtr.h"
 
@@ -41,20 +42,56 @@ class Weakable;
 template<typename T>
 class WeakPtr;
 
-template<typename T>
-class WeakLink : public RefCounted<WeakLink<T>> {
-    friend class Weakable<T>;
+class WeakLink : public RefCounted<WeakLink> {
+    template<typename T>
+    friend class Weakable;
+    template<typename T>
+    friend class WeakPtr;
 
 public:
-    T* ptr() { return m_ptr; }
-    const T* ptr() const { return m_ptr; }
+    template<typename T, typename PtrTraits = RefPtrTraits<T>>
+    RefPtr<T, PtrTraits> strong_ref() const
+    {
+        RefPtr<T, PtrTraits> ref;
+
+        {
+#ifdef KERNEL
+            // We don't want to be pre-empted while we have the lock bit set
+            Kernel::ScopedCritical critical;
+#endif
+            FlatPtr bits = RefPtrTraits<void>::lock(m_bits);
+            T* ptr = static_cast<T*>(RefPtrTraits<void>::as_ptr(bits));
+            if (ptr)
+                ref = *ptr;
+            RefPtrTraits<void>::unlock(m_bits, bits);
+        }
+
+        return ref;
+    }
+
+    template<typename T>
+    T* unsafe_ptr() const
+    {
+        return static_cast<T*>(RefPtrTraits<void>::as_ptr(m_bits.load(AK::MemoryOrder::memory_order_acquire)));
+    }
+
+    bool is_null() const
+    {
+        return RefPtrTraits<void>::is_null(m_bits.load(AK::MemoryOrder::memory_order_relaxed));
+    }
+
+    void revoke()
+    {
+        RefPtrTraits<void>::exchange(m_bits, RefPtrTraits<void>::default_null_value);
+    }
 
 private:
+    template<typename T>
     explicit WeakLink(T& weakable)
-        : m_ptr(&weakable)
+        : m_bits(RefPtrTraits<void>::as_bits(&weakable))
     {
     }
-    T* m_ptr;
+    mutable Atomic<FlatPtr> m_bits;
 };
 
 template<typename T>
@@ -63,7 +100,8 @@ private:
     class Link;
 
 public:
-    WeakPtr<T> make_weak_ptr();
+    template<typename U = T>
+    WeakPtr<U> make_weak_ptr() const;
 
 protected:
     Weakable() { }
@@ -79,11 +117,11 @@ protected:
     void revoke_weak_ptrs()
     {
         if (m_link)
-            m_link->m_ptr = nullptr;
+            m_link->revoke();
     }
 
 private:
-    RefPtr<WeakLink<T>> m_link;
+    mutable RefPtr<WeakLink> m_link;
 #ifdef WEAKABLE_DEBUG
     bool m_being_destroyed { false };
 #endif

Applications/PixelPaint/Tool.cpp

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ Tool::~Tool()
 
 void Tool::setup(ImageEditor& editor)
 {
-    m_editor = editor.make_weak_ptr();
+    m_editor = editor;
 }
 
 void Tool::set_action(GUI::Action* action)

Applications/Spreadsheet/Spreadsheet.cpp

@@ -345,12 +345,12 @@ RefPtr<Sheet> Sheet::from_json(const JsonObject& object, Workbook& workbook)
         OwnPtr<Cell> cell;
         switch (kind) {
         case Cell::LiteralString:
-            cell = make<Cell>(obj.get("value").to_string(), position, sheet->make_weak_ptr());
+            cell = make<Cell>(obj.get("value").to_string(), position, *sheet);
             break;
         case Cell::Formula: {
             auto& interpreter = sheet->interpreter();
             auto value = interpreter.vm().call(parse_function, json, JS::js_string(interpreter.heap(), obj.get("value").as_string()));
-            cell = make<Cell>(obj.get("source").to_string(), move(value), position, sheet->make_weak_ptr());
+            cell = make<Cell>(obj.get("source").to_string(), move(value), position, *sheet);
             break;
         }
         }

Applications/Spreadsheet/Spreadsheet.h

@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ public:
         if (auto cell = at(position))
             return *cell;
 
-        m_cells.set(position, make<Cell>(String::empty(), position, make_weak_ptr()));
+        m_cells.set(position, make<Cell>(String::empty(), position, *this));
         return *at(position);
     }
 

DevTools/HackStudio/Editor.cpp

@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ Editor::Editor()
     m_documentation_tooltip_window->set_window_type(GUI::WindowType::Tooltip);
     m_documentation_page_view = m_documentation_tooltip_window->set_main_widget<Web::OutOfProcessWebView>();
 
-    m_autocomplete_box = make<AutoCompleteBox>(make_weak_ptr());
+    m_autocomplete_box = make<AutoCompleteBox>(*this);
 }
 
 Editor::~Editor()

Kernel/FileSystem/DevPtsFS.cpp

@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ DevPtsFSInode::DevPtsFSInode(DevPtsFS& fs, unsigned index, SlavePTY* pty)
     : Inode(fs, index)
 {
     if (pty)
-        m_pty = pty->make_weak_ptr();
+        m_pty = *pty;
 }
 
 DevPtsFSInode::~DevPtsFSInode()
@@ -132,9 +132,9 @@ ssize_t DevPtsFSInode::write_bytes(off_t, ssize_t, const UserOrKernelBuffer&, Fi
 
 InodeMetadata DevPtsFSInode::metadata() const
 {
-    if (m_pty) {
+    if (auto pty = m_pty.strong_ref()) {
         auto metadata = m_metadata;
-        metadata.mtime = m_pty->time_of_last_write();
+        metadata.mtime = pty->time_of_last_write();
         return metadata;
     }
     return m_metadata;

Kernel/FileSystem/Inode.cpp

@@ -129,14 +129,14 @@ void Inode::will_be_destroyed()
 
 void Inode::inode_contents_changed(off_t offset, ssize_t size, const UserOrKernelBuffer& data)
 {
-    if (m_shared_vmobject)
-        m_shared_vmobject->inode_contents_changed({}, offset, size, data);
+    if (auto shared_vmobject = this->shared_vmobject())
+        shared_vmobject->inode_contents_changed({}, offset, size, data);
 }
 
 void Inode::inode_size_changed(size_t old_size, size_t new_size)
 {
-    if (m_shared_vmobject)
-        m_shared_vmobject->inode_size_changed({}, old_size, new_size);
+    if (auto shared_vmobject = this->shared_vmobject())
+        shared_vmobject->inode_size_changed({}, old_size, new_size);
 }
 
 int Inode::set_atime(time_t)
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ KResult Inode::decrement_link_count()
 
 void Inode::set_shared_vmobject(SharedInodeVMObject& vmobject)
 {
-    m_shared_vmobject = vmobject.make_weak_ptr();
+    m_shared_vmobject = vmobject;
 }
 
 bool Inode::bind_socket(LocalSocket& socket)
@@ -260,4 +260,19 @@ KResult Inode::prepare_to_write_data()
     return KSuccess;
 }
 
+RefPtr<SharedInodeVMObject> Inode::shared_vmobject()
+{
+    return m_shared_vmobject.strong_ref();
+}
+
+RefPtr<SharedInodeVMObject> Inode::shared_vmobject() const
+{
+    return m_shared_vmobject.strong_ref();
+}
+
+bool Inode::is_shared_vmobject(const SharedInodeVMObject& other) const
+{
+    return m_shared_vmobject.unsafe_ptr() == &other;
+}
+
 }

Kernel/FileSystem/Inode.h

@@ -102,8 +102,9 @@ public:
     void will_be_destroyed();
 
     void set_shared_vmobject(SharedInodeVMObject&);
-    SharedInodeVMObject* shared_vmobject() { return m_shared_vmobject.ptr(); }
-    const SharedInodeVMObject* shared_vmobject() const { return m_shared_vmobject.ptr(); }
+    RefPtr<SharedInodeVMObject> shared_vmobject();
+    RefPtr<SharedInodeVMObject> shared_vmobject() const;
+    bool is_shared_vmobject(const SharedInodeVMObject&) const;
 
     static InlineLinkedList<Inode>& all_with_lock();
     static void sync();

Kernel/FileSystem/InodeWatcher.cpp

@@ -36,15 +36,15 @@ NonnullRefPtr<InodeWatcher> InodeWatcher::create(Inode& inode)
 }
 
 InodeWatcher::InodeWatcher(Inode& inode)
-    : m_inode(inode.make_weak_ptr())
+    : m_inode(inode)
 {
     inode.register_watcher({}, *this);
 }
 
 InodeWatcher::~InodeWatcher()
 {
-    if (RefPtr<Inode> safe_inode = m_inode.ptr())
-        safe_inode->unregister_watcher({}, *this);
+    if (auto inode = m_inode.strong_ref())
+        inode->unregister_watcher({}, *this);
 }
 
 bool InodeWatcher::can_read(const FileDescription&, size_t) const
@@ -88,9 +88,9 @@ KResultOr<size_t> InodeWatcher::write(FileDescription&, size_t, const UserOrKern
 
 String InodeWatcher::absolute_path(const FileDescription&) const
 {
-    if (!m_inode)
-        return "InodeWatcher:(gone)";
-    return String::format("InodeWatcher:%s", m_inode->identifier().to_string().characters());
+    if (auto inode = m_inode.strong_ref())
+        return String::format("InodeWatcher:%s", inode->identifier().to_string().characters());
+    return "InodeWatcher:(gone)";
 }
 
 void InodeWatcher::notify_inode_event(Badge<Inode>, Event::Type event_type)

Kernel/Net/TCPSocket.cpp

@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ RefPtr<TCPSocket> TCPSocket::create_client(const IPv4Address& new_local_address,
 void TCPSocket::release_to_originator()
 {
     ASSERT(!!m_originator);
-    m_originator->release_for_accept(this);
+    m_originator.strong_ref()->release_for_accept(this);
 }
 
 void TCPSocket::release_for_accept(RefPtr<TCPSocket> socket)

Kernel/Net/TCPSocket.h

@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ public:
     static Lockable<HashMap<IPv4SocketTuple, RefPtr<TCPSocket>>>& closing_sockets();
 
     RefPtr<TCPSocket> create_client(const IPv4Address& local_address, u16 local_port, const IPv4Address& peer_address, u16 peer_port);
-    void set_originator(TCPSocket& originator) { m_originator = originator.make_weak_ptr(); }
+    void set_originator(TCPSocket& originator) { m_originator = originator; }
     bool has_originator() { return !!m_originator; }
     void release_to_originator();
     void release_for_accept(RefPtr<TCPSocket>);

Kernel/Process.cpp

@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ bool Process::deallocate_region(Region& region)
     OwnPtr<Region> region_protector;
     ScopedSpinLock lock(m_lock);
 
-    if (m_region_lookup_cache.region == &region)
+    if (m_region_lookup_cache.region.unsafe_ptr() == &region)
         m_region_lookup_cache.region = nullptr;
     for (size_t i = 0; i < m_regions.size(); ++i) {
         if (&m_regions[i] == &region) {
@@ -209,13 +209,13 @@ Region* Process::find_region_from_range(const Range& range)
 {
     ScopedSpinLock lock(m_lock);
     if (m_region_lookup_cache.range == range && m_region_lookup_cache.region)
-        return m_region_lookup_cache.region;
+        return m_region_lookup_cache.region.unsafe_ptr();
 
     size_t size = PAGE_ROUND_UP(range.size());
     for (auto& region : m_regions) {
         if (region.vaddr() == range.base() && region.size() == size) {
             m_region_lookup_cache.range = range;
-            m_region_lookup_cache.region = region.make_weak_ptr();
+            m_region_lookup_cache.region = region;
             return &region;
         }
     }

Kernel/Scheduler.cpp

@@ -485,6 +485,7 @@ bool Scheduler::pick_next()
 
     Thread* thread_to_schedule = nullptr;
 
+    auto pending_beneficiary = scheduler_data.m_pending_beneficiary.strong_ref();
     Vector<Thread*, 128> sorted_runnables;
     for_each_runnable([&](auto& thread) {
         if ((thread.affinity() & (1u << Processor::current().id())) == 0)
@@ -492,7 +493,7 @@ bool Scheduler::pick_next()
         if (thread.state() == Thread::Running && &thread != current_thread)
             return IterationDecision::Continue;
         sorted_runnables.append(&thread);
-        if (&thread == scheduler_data.m_pending_beneficiary) {
+        if (&thread == pending_beneficiary) {
             thread_to_schedule = &thread;
             return IterationDecision::Break;
         }
@@ -628,7 +629,7 @@ bool Scheduler::donate_to(RefPtr<Thread>& beneficiary, const char* reason)
     ASSERT(!proc.in_irq());
 
     if (proc.in_critical() > 1) {
-        scheduler_data.m_pending_beneficiary = beneficiary->make_weak_ptr(); // Save the beneficiary
+        scheduler_data.m_pending_beneficiary = *beneficiary; // Save the beneficiary
         scheduler_data.m_pending_donate_reason = reason;
         proc.invoke_scheduler_async();
         return false;

Kernel/SharedBuffer.cpp

@@ -92,13 +92,13 @@ void* SharedBuffer::ref_for_process_and_get_address(Process& process)
                 auto* region = process.allocate_region_with_vmobject(VirtualAddress(), size(), m_vmobject, 0, "SharedBuffer", PROT_READ | (m_writable ? PROT_WRITE : 0));
                 if (!region)
                     return (void*)-ENOMEM;
-                ref.region = region->make_weak_ptr();
-                ref.region->set_shared(true);
+                ref.region = region;
+                region->set_shared(true);
             }
             ref.count++;
             m_total_refs++;
             sanity_check("ref_for_process_and_get_address");
-            return ref.region->vaddr().as_ptr();
+            return ref.region.unsafe_ptr()->vaddr().as_ptr(); // TODO: Region needs to be RefCounted!
         }
     }
     ASSERT_NOT_REACHED();
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ void SharedBuffer::deref_for_process(Process& process)
 #ifdef SHARED_BUFFER_DEBUG
                 dbg() << "Releasing shared buffer reference on " << m_shbuf_id << " of size " << size() << " by PID " << process.pid().value();
 #endif
-                process.deallocate_region(*ref.region);
+                process.deallocate_region(*ref.region.unsafe_ptr()); // TODO: Region needs to be RefCounted!
 #ifdef SHARED_BUFFER_DEBUG
                 dbg() << "Released shared buffer reference on " << m_shbuf_id << " of size " << size() << " by PID " << process.pid().value();
 #endif
@@ -187,9 +187,10 @@ void SharedBuffer::seal()
     LOCKER(shared_buffers().lock());
     m_writable = false;
     for (auto& ref : m_refs) {
-        if (ref.region) {
-            ref.region->set_writable(false);
-            ref.region->remap();
+        // TODO: Region needs to be RefCounted!
+        if (auto* region = ref.region.unsafe_ptr()) {
+            region->set_writable(false);
+            region->remap();
         }
     }
 }

Kernel/Syscalls/fork.cpp

@@ -88,8 +88,8 @@ pid_t Process::sys$fork(RegisterState& regs)
             auto& child_region = child->add_region(region.clone());
             child_region.map(child->page_directory());
 
-            if (&region == m_master_tls_region)
-                child->m_master_tls_region = child_region.make_weak_ptr();
+            if (&region == m_master_tls_region.unsafe_ptr())
+                child->m_master_tls_region = child_region;
         }
 
         ScopedSpinLock processes_lock(g_processes_lock);

Kernel/TTY/TTY.cpp

@@ -166,8 +166,8 @@ void TTY::emit(u8 ch)
         if (ch == m_termios.c_cc[VSUSP]) {
             dbg() << tty_name() << ": VSUSP pressed!";
             generate_signal(SIGTSTP);
-            if (m_original_process_parent)
-                (void)m_original_process_parent->send_signal(SIGCHLD, nullptr);
+            if (auto original_process_parent = m_original_process_parent.strong_ref())
+                (void)original_process_parent->send_signal(SIGCHLD, nullptr);
             // TODO: Else send it to the session leader maybe?
             return;
         }
@@ -330,11 +330,11 @@ int TTY::ioctl(FileDescription&, unsigned request, FlatPtr arg)
             return -EPERM;
         if (process && pgid != process->pgid())
             return -EPERM;
-        m_pg = process_group->make_weak_ptr();
+        m_pg = *process_group;
 
         if (process) {
             if (auto parent = Process::from_pid(process->ppid())) {
-                m_original_process_parent = parent->make_weak_ptr();
+                m_original_process_parent = *parent;
                 return 0;
             }
         }

Kernel/TTY/TTY.h

@@ -51,7 +51,12 @@ public:
     unsigned short rows() const { return m_rows; }
     unsigned short columns() const { return m_columns; }
 
-    ProcessGroupID pgid() const { return m_pg ? m_pg->pgid() : 0; }
+    ProcessGroupID pgid() const
+    {
+        if (auto pg = m_pg.strong_ref())
+            return pg->pgid();
+        return 0;
+    }
 
     void set_termios(const termios&);
     bool should_generate_signals() const { return m_termios.c_lflag & ISIG; }

Kernel/Thread.cpp

@@ -978,7 +978,7 @@ KResult Thread::make_thread_specific_region(Badge<Process>)
     m_thread_specific_data = VirtualAddress(thread_specific_data);
     thread_specific_data->self = thread_specific_data;
     if (process().m_master_tls_size)
-        memcpy(thread_local_storage, process().m_master_tls_region->vaddr().as_ptr(), process().m_master_tls_size);
+        memcpy(thread_local_storage, process().m_master_tls_region.unsafe_ptr()->vaddr().as_ptr(), process().m_master_tls_size);
     return KSuccess;
 }
 

Kernel/VM/SharedInodeVMObject.cpp

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ SharedInodeVMObject::SharedInodeVMObject(const SharedInodeVMObject& other)
 
 SharedInodeVMObject::~SharedInodeVMObject()
 {
-    ASSERT(inode().shared_vmobject() == this);
+    ASSERT(inode().is_shared_vmobject(*this));
 }
 
 }

Libraries/LibCore/Event.cpp

@@ -40,4 +40,32 @@ ChildEvent::~ChildEvent()
 {
 }
 
+Object* ChildEvent::child()
+{
+    if (auto ref = m_child.strong_ref())
+        return ref.ptr();
+    return nullptr;
+}
+
+const Object* ChildEvent::child() const
+{
+    if (auto ref = m_child.strong_ref())
+        return ref.ptr();
+    return nullptr;
+}
+
+Object* ChildEvent::insertion_before_child()
+{
+    if (auto ref = m_insertion_before_child.strong_ref())
+        return ref.ptr();
+    return nullptr;
+}
+
+const Object* ChildEvent::insertion_before_child() const
+{
+    if (auto ref = m_insertion_before_child.strong_ref())
+        return ref.ptr();
+    return nullptr;
+}
+
 }

Libraries/LibCore/Event.h

@@ -130,11 +130,11 @@ public:
     ChildEvent(Type, Object& child, Object* insertion_before_child = nullptr);
     ~ChildEvent();
 
-    Object* child() { return m_child.ptr(); }
-    const Object* child() const { return m_child.ptr(); }
+    Object* child();
+    const Object* child() const;
 
-    Object* insertion_before_child() { return m_insertion_before_child.ptr(); }
-    const Object* insertion_before_child() const { return m_insertion_before_child.ptr(); }
+    Object* insertion_before_child();
+    const Object* insertion_before_child() const;
 
 private:
     WeakPtr<Object> m_child;

Libraries/LibCore/EventLoop.cpp

@@ -122,8 +122,8 @@ public:
     }
     virtual ~RPCClient() override
     {
-        if (m_inspected_object)
-            m_inspected_object->decrement_inspector_count({});
+        if (auto inspected_object = m_inspected_object.strong_ref())
+            inspected_object->decrement_inspector_count({});
     }
 
     void send_response(const JsonObject& response)
@@ -177,10 +177,10 @@ public:
             auto address = request.get("address").to_number<FlatPtr>();
             for (auto& object : Object::all_objects()) {
                 if ((FlatPtr)&object == address) {
-                    if (m_inspected_object)
-                        m_inspected_object->decrement_inspector_count({});
-                    m_inspected_object = object.make_weak_ptr();
-                    m_inspected_object->increment_inspector_count({});
+                    if (auto inspected_object = m_inspected_object.strong_ref())
+                        inspected_object->decrement_inspector_count({});
+                    m_inspected_object = object;
+                    object.increment_inspector_count({});
                     break;
                 }
             }
@@ -364,7 +364,7 @@ void EventLoop::pump(WaitMode mode)
 
     for (size_t i = 0; i < events.size(); ++i) {
         auto& queued_event = events.at(i);
-        auto* receiver = queued_event.receiver.ptr();
+        auto receiver = queued_event.receiver.strong_ref();
         auto& event = *queued_event.event;
 #ifdef EVENTLOOP_DEBUG
         if (receiver)
@@ -639,15 +639,16 @@ try_select_again:
         auto& timer = *it.value;
         if (!timer.has_expired(now))
             continue;
-        if (it.value->fire_when_not_visible == TimerShouldFireWhenNotVisible::No
-            && it.value->owner
-            && !it.value->owner->is_visible_for_timer_purposes()) {
+        auto owner = timer.owner.strong_ref();
+        if (timer.fire_when_not_visible == TimerShouldFireWhenNotVisible::No
+            && owner && !owner->is_visible_for_timer_purposes()) {
             continue;
         }
 #ifdef EVENTLOOP_DEBUG
-        dbgln("Core::EventLoop: Timer {} has expired, sending Core::TimerEvent to {}", timer.timer_id, timer.owner);
+        dbgln("Core::EventLoop: Timer {} has expired, sending Core::TimerEvent to {}", timer.timer_id, *owner);
 #endif
-        post_event(*timer.owner, make<TimerEvent>(timer.timer_id));
+        if (owner)
+            post_event(*owner, make<TimerEvent>(timer.timer_id));
         if (timer.should_reload) {
             timer.reload(now);
         } else {
@@ -688,9 +689,9 @@ Optional<struct timeval> EventLoop::get_next_timer_expiration()
     Optional<struct timeval> soonest {};
     for (auto& it : *s_timers) {
         auto& fire_time = it.value->fire_time;
+        auto owner = it.value->owner.strong_ref();
         if (it.value->fire_when_not_visible == TimerShouldFireWhenNotVisible::No
-            && it.value->owner
-            && !it.value->owner->is_visible_for_timer_purposes()) {
+            && owner && !owner->is_visible_for_timer_purposes()) {
             continue;
         }
         if (!soonest.has_value() || fire_time.tv_sec < soonest.value().tv_sec || (fire_time.tv_sec == soonest.value().tv_sec && fire_time.tv_usec < soonest.value().tv_usec))
@@ -703,7 +704,7 @@ int EventLoop::register_timer(Object& object, int milliseconds, bool should_relo
 {
     ASSERT(milliseconds >= 0);
     auto timer = make<EventLoopTimer>();
-    timer->owner = object.make_weak_ptr();
+    timer->owner = object;
     timer->interval = milliseconds;
     timeval now;
     timespec now_spec;
@@ -750,7 +751,7 @@ void EventLoop::wake()
 }
 
 EventLoop::QueuedEvent::QueuedEvent(Object& receiver, NonnullOwnPtr<Event> event)
-    : receiver(receiver.make_weak_ptr())
+    : receiver(receiver)
     , event(move(event))
 {
 }

Libraries/LibGUI/Application.cpp

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ Application* Application::the()
 Application::Application(int argc, char** argv)
 {
     ASSERT(!*s_the);
-    *s_the = make_weak_ptr();
+    *s_the = *this;
     m_event_loop = make<Core::EventLoop>();
     WindowServerConnection::the();
     Clipboard::initialize({});

Libraries/LibGUI/Button.cpp

@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ void Button::context_menu_event(ContextMenuEvent& context_menu_event)
 
 void Button::set_action(Action& action)
 {
-    m_action = action.make_weak_ptr();
+    m_action = action;
     action.register_button({}, *this);
     set_enabled(action.is_enabled());
     set_checkable(action.is_checkable());

Libraries/LibGUI/Layout.cpp

@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ void Layout::notify_adopted(Badge<Widget>, Widget& widget)
 {
     if (m_owner == &widget)
         return;
-    m_owner = widget.make_weak_ptr();
+    m_owner = widget;
 }
 
 void Layout::notify_disowned(Badge<Widget>, Widget& widget)
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ void Layout::add_widget(Widget& widget)
 {
     Entry entry;
     entry.type = Entry::Type::Widget;
-    entry.widget = widget.make_weak_ptr();
+    entry.widget = widget;
     add_entry(move(entry));
 }
 
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ void Layout::insert_widget_before(Widget& widget, Widget& before_widget)
 {
     Entry entry;
     entry.type = Entry::Type::Widget;
-    entry.widget = widget.make_weak_ptr();
+    entry.widget = widget;
     m_entries.insert_before_matching(move(entry), [&](auto& existing_entry) {
         return existing_entry.type == Entry::Type::Widget && existing_entry.widget.ptr() == &before_widget;
     });

Libraries/LibGUI/Menu.cpp

@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ int Menu::realize_menu(RefPtr<Action> default_action)
         }
     }
     all_menus().set(m_menu_id, this);
-    m_last_default_action = default_action ? default_action->make_weak_ptr() : nullptr;
+    m_last_default_action = default_action;
     return m_menu_id;
 }
 

Libraries/LibGUI/Splitter.cpp

@@ -124,8 +124,8 @@ void Splitter::mousedown_event(MouseEvent& event)
     if (!get_resize_candidates_at(event.position(), first, second))
         return;
 
-    m_first_resizee = first->make_weak_ptr();
-    m_second_resizee = second->make_weak_ptr();
+    m_first_resizee = *first;
+    m_second_resizee = *second;
     m_first_resizee_start_size = first->size();
     m_second_resizee_start_size = second->size();
     m_resize_origin = event.position();

Libraries/LibGUI/SyntaxHighlighter.cpp

@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ void SyntaxHighlighter::highlight_matching_token_pair()
 void SyntaxHighlighter::attach(TextEditor& editor)
 {
     ASSERT(!m_editor);
-    m_editor = editor.make_weak_ptr();
+    m_editor = editor;
 }
 
 void SyntaxHighlighter::detach()

Libraries/LibGUI/Widget.cpp

@@ -533,10 +533,7 @@ void Widget::set_focus_proxy(Widget* proxy)
     if (m_focus_proxy == proxy)
         return;
 
-    if (proxy)
-        m_focus_proxy = proxy->make_weak_ptr();
-    else
-        m_focus_proxy = nullptr;
+    m_focus_proxy = proxy;
 }
 
 FocusPolicy Widget::focus_policy() const

Libraries/LibGUI/Window.cpp

@@ -297,7 +297,7 @@ void Window::handle_mouse_event(MouseEvent& event)
     ASSERT(result.widget);
     set_hovered_widget(result.widget);
     if (event.buttons() != 0 && !m_automatic_cursor_tracking_widget)
-        m_automatic_cursor_tracking_widget = result.widget->make_weak_ptr();
+        m_automatic_cursor_tracking_widget = *result.widget;
     if (result.widget != m_global_cursor_tracking_widget.ptr())
         return result.widget->dispatch_event(*local_event, this);
     return;
@@ -562,7 +562,7 @@ void Window::set_focused_widget(Widget* widget, FocusSource source)
         Core::EventLoop::current().post_event(*m_focused_widget, make<FocusEvent>(Event::FocusOut, source));
         m_focused_widget->update();
     }
-    m_focused_widget = widget ? widget->make_weak_ptr() : nullptr;
+    m_focused_widget = widget;
     if (m_focused_widget) {
         Core::EventLoop::current().post_event(*m_focused_widget, make<FocusEvent>(Event::FocusIn, source));
         m_focused_widget->update();
@@ -573,14 +573,14 @@ void Window::set_global_cursor_tracking_widget(Widget* widget)
 {
     if (widget == m_global_cursor_tracking_widget)
         return;
-    m_global_cursor_tracking_widget = widget ? widget->make_weak_ptr() : nullptr;
+    m_global_cursor_tracking_widget = widget;
 }
 
 void Window::set_automatic_cursor_tracking_widget(Widget* widget)
 {
     if (widget == m_automatic_cursor_tracking_widget)
         return;
-    m_automatic_cursor_tracking_widget = widget ? widget->make_weak_ptr() : nullptr;
+    m_automatic_cursor_tracking_widget = widget;
 }
 
 void Window::set_has_alpha_channel(bool value)
@@ -621,7 +621,7 @@ void Window::set_hovered_widget(Widget* widget)
     if (m_hovered_widget)
         Core::EventLoop::current().post_event(*m_hovered_widget, make<Event>(Event::Leave));
 
-    m_hovered_widget = widget ? widget->make_weak_ptr() : nullptr;
+    m_hovered_widget = widget;
 
     if (m_hovered_widget)
         Core::EventLoop::current().post_event(*m_hovered_widget, make<Event>(Event::Enter));

Libraries/LibProtocol/Download.cpp

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 namespace Protocol {
 
 Download::Download(Client& client, i32 download_id)
-    : m_client(client.make_weak_ptr())
+    : m_client(client)
     , m_download_id(download_id)
 {
 }

Libraries/LibWeb/CSS/StyleValue.cpp

@@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ Color IdentifierStyleValue::to_color(const DOM::Document& document) const
 ImageStyleValue::ImageStyleValue(const URL& url, DOM::Document& document)
     : StyleValue(Type::Image)
     , m_url(url)
-    , m_document(document.make_weak_ptr())
+    , m_document(document)
 {
     LoadRequest request;
     request.set_url(url);

Libraries/LibWeb/DOM/Document.cpp

@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ String Document::title() const
 
 void Document::attach_to_frame(Badge<Frame>, Frame& frame)
 {
-    m_frame = frame.make_weak_ptr();
+    m_frame = frame;
     for_each_in_subtree([&](auto& node) {
         node.document_did_attach_to_frame(frame);
         return IterationDecision::Continue;
@@ -584,10 +584,7 @@ void Document::set_focused_element(Element* element)
     if (m_focused_element == element)
         return;
 
-    if (element)
-        m_focused_element = element->make_weak_ptr();
-    else
-        m_focused_element = nullptr;
+    m_focused_element = element;
 
     if (m_layout_root)
         m_layout_root->set_needs_display();

Libraries/LibWeb/HTML/CanvasRenderingContext2D.cpp

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
 namespace Web::HTML {
 
 CanvasRenderingContext2D::CanvasRenderingContext2D(HTMLCanvasElement& element)
-    : m_element(element.make_weak_ptr())
+    : m_element(element)
 {
 }
 

Libraries/LibWeb/HTML/HTMLScriptElement.cpp

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ HTMLScriptElement::~HTMLScriptElement()
 
 void HTMLScriptElement::set_parser_document(Badge<HTMLDocumentParser>, DOM::Document& document)
 {
-    m_parser_document = document.make_weak_ptr();
+    m_parser_document = document;
 }
 
 void HTMLScriptElement::set_non_blocking(Badge<HTMLDocumentParser>, bool non_blocking)
@@ -82,12 +82,12 @@ void HTMLScriptElement::prepare_script(Badge<HTMLDocumentParser>)
     // FIXME: Check the "type" and "language" attributes
 
     if (parser_document) {
-        m_parser_document = parser_document->make_weak_ptr();
+        m_parser_document = *parser_document;
         m_non_blocking = false;
     }
 
     m_already_started = true;
-    m_preparation_time_document = document().make_weak_ptr();
+    m_preparation_time_document = document();
 
     if (parser_document && parser_document.ptr() != m_preparation_time_document.ptr()) {
         return;

Libraries/LibWeb/Page/Frame.cpp

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ Frame::Frame(DOM::Element& host_element, Frame& main_frame)
     , m_main_frame(main_frame)
     , m_loader(*this)
     , m_event_handler({}, *this)
-    , m_host_element(host_element.make_weak_ptr())
+    , m_host_element(host_element)
 {
     setup();
 }

Services/AudioServer/Mixer.cpp

@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ void Mixer::set_muted(bool muted)
 }
 
 BufferQueue::BufferQueue(ClientConnection& client)
-    : m_client(client.make_weak_ptr())
+    : m_client(client)
 {
 }
 

Services/WindowServer/AppletManager.cpp

@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ void AppletManager::event(Core::Event& event)
 
 void AppletManager::add_applet(Window& applet)
 {
-    m_applets.append(applet.make_weak_ptr());
+    m_applets.append(applet);
 
     // Prune any dead weak pointers from the applet list.
     m_applets.remove_all_matching([](auto& entry) {

Services/WindowServer/Menu.h

@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ public:
     Window& ensure_menu_window();
 
     Window* window_menu_of() { return m_window_menu_of; }
-    void set_window_menu_of(Window& window) { m_window_menu_of = window.make_weak_ptr(); }
+    void set_window_menu_of(Window& window) { m_window_menu_of = window; }
     bool is_window_menu_open() { return m_is_window_menu_open; }
     void set_window_menu_open(bool is_open) { m_is_window_menu_open = is_open; }
 

Services/WindowServer/MenuManager.cpp

@@ -392,7 +392,7 @@ void MenuManager::open_menu(Menu& menu, bool as_current_menu)
     }
 
     if (m_open_menu_stack.find([&menu](auto& other) { return &menu == other.ptr(); }).is_end())
-        m_open_menu_stack.append(menu.make_weak_ptr());
+        m_open_menu_stack.append(menu);
 
     if (as_current_menu || !current_menu()) {
         // Only make this menu the current menu if requested, or if no
@@ -429,13 +429,13 @@ void MenuManager::set_current_menu(Menu* menu)
     m_current_search.clear();
 
     Menu* previous_current_menu = m_current_menu;
-    m_current_menu = menu->make_weak_ptr();
+    m_current_menu = menu;
 
     auto& wm = WindowManager::the();
     if (!previous_current_menu) {
         // When opening the first menu, store the current active input window
         if (auto* active_input = wm.active_input_window())
-            m_previous_input_window = active_input->make_weak_ptr();
+            m_previous_input_window = *active_input;
         else
             m_previous_input_window = nullptr;
     }
@@ -457,7 +457,7 @@ Gfx::IntRect MenuManager::menubar_rect() const
 void MenuManager::set_current_menubar(MenuBar* menubar)
 {
     if (menubar)
-        m_current_menubar = menubar->make_weak_ptr();
+        m_current_menubar = *menubar;
     else
         m_current_menubar = nullptr;
 #ifdef DEBUG_MENUS
@@ -485,7 +485,7 @@ void MenuManager::close_menubar(MenuBar& menubar)
 
 void MenuManager::set_system_menu(Menu& menu)
 {
-    m_system_menu = menu.make_weak_ptr();
+    m_system_menu = menu;
     set_current_menubar(m_current_menubar);
 }
 

Services/WindowServer/Window.cpp

@@ -659,18 +659,18 @@ void Window::recalculate_rect()
 
 void Window::add_child_window(Window& child_window)
 {
-    m_child_windows.append(child_window.make_weak_ptr());
+    m_child_windows.append(child_window);
 }
 
 void Window::add_accessory_window(Window& accessory_window)
 {
-    m_accessory_windows.append(accessory_window.make_weak_ptr());
+    m_accessory_windows.append(accessory_window);
 }
 
 void Window::set_parent_window(Window& parent_window)
 {
     ASSERT(!m_parent_window);
-    m_parent_window = parent_window.make_weak_ptr();
+    m_parent_window = parent_window;
     if (m_accessory)
         parent_window.add_accessory_window(*this);
     else

Services/WindowServer/WindowManager.cpp

@@ -444,7 +444,7 @@ void WindowManager::start_window_move(Window& window, const MouseEvent& event)
     dbg() << "[WM] Begin moving Window{" << &window << "}";
 #endif
     move_to_front_and_make_active(window);
-    m_move_window = window.make_weak_ptr();
+    m_move_window = window;
     m_move_window->set_default_positioned(false);
     m_move_origin = event.position();
     m_move_window_origin = window.position();
@@ -478,7 +478,7 @@ void WindowManager::start_window_resize(Window& window, const Gfx::IntPoint& pos
     dbg() << "[WM] Begin resizing Window{" << &window << "}";
 #endif
     m_resizing_mouse_button = button;
-    m_resize_window = window.make_weak_ptr();
+    m_resize_window = window;
     m_resize_origin = position;
     m_resize_window_original_rect = window.rect();
 
@@ -739,7 +739,7 @@ bool WindowManager::process_ongoing_drag(MouseEvent& event, Window*& hovered_win
 
 void WindowManager::set_cursor_tracking_button(Button* button)
 {
-    m_cursor_tracking_button = button ? button->make_weak_ptr() : nullptr;
+    m_cursor_tracking_button = button;
 }
 
 auto WindowManager::DoubleClickInfo::metadata_for_button(MouseButton button) const -> const ClickMetadata&
@@ -811,7 +811,7 @@ void WindowManager::start_menu_doubleclick(Window& window, const MouseEvent& eve
 #if defined(DOUBLECLICK_DEBUG)
         dbg() << "Initial mousedown on window " << &window << " for menu (previous was " << m_double_click_info.m_clicked_window << ')';
 #endif
-        m_double_click_info.m_clicked_window = window.make_weak_ptr();
+        m_double_click_info.m_clicked_window = window;
         m_double_click_info.reset();
     }
 
@@ -844,7 +844,7 @@ void WindowManager::process_event_for_doubleclick(Window& window, MouseEvent& ev
 #if defined(DOUBLECLICK_DEBUG)
         dbg() << "Initial mouseup on window " << &window << " (previous was " << m_double_click_info.m_clicked_window << ')';
 #endif
-        m_double_click_info.m_clicked_window = window.make_weak_ptr();
+        m_double_click_info.m_clicked_window = window;
         m_double_click_info.reset();
     }
 
@@ -994,7 +994,7 @@ void WindowManager::process_mouse_event(MouseEvent& event, Window*& hovered_wind
                     auto translated_event = event.translated(-window.position());
                     deliver_mouse_event(window, translated_event);
                     if (event.type() == Event::MouseDown) {
-                        m_active_input_tracking_window = window.make_weak_ptr();
+                        m_active_input_tracking_window = window;
                     }
                 }
                 return;
@@ -1135,7 +1135,7 @@ void WindowManager::set_highlight_window(Window* window)
         return;
     if (auto* previous_highlight_window = m_highlight_window.ptr())
         previous_highlight_window->invalidate();
-    m_highlight_window = window ? window->make_weak_ptr() : nullptr;
+    m_highlight_window = window;
     if (m_highlight_window)
         m_highlight_window->invalidate();
 }
@@ -1179,7 +1179,7 @@ Window* WindowManager::set_active_input_window(Window* window)
         Core::EventLoop::current().post_event(*previous_input_window, make<Event>(Event::WindowInputLeft));
 
     if (window) {
-        m_active_input_window = window->make_weak_ptr();
+        m_active_input_window = *window;
         Core::EventLoop::current().post_event(*window, make<Event>(Event::WindowInputEntered));
     } else {
         m_active_input_window = nullptr;
@@ -1230,7 +1230,7 @@ void WindowManager::set_active_window(Window* window, bool make_input)
     }
 
     if (window) {
-        m_active_window = window->make_weak_ptr();
+        m_active_window = *window;
         active_client = m_active_window->client();
         Core::EventLoop::current().post_event(*m_active_window, make<Event>(Event::WindowActivated));
         m_active_window->invalidate();
@@ -1260,7 +1260,7 @@ void WindowManager::set_hovered_window(Window* window)
     if (m_hovered_window)
         Core::EventLoop::current().post_event(*m_hovered_window, make<Event>(Event::WindowLeft));
 
-    m_hovered_window = window ? window->make_weak_ptr() : nullptr;
+    m_hovered_window = window;
 
     if (m_hovered_window)
         Core::EventLoop::current().post_event(*m_hovered_window, make<Event>(Event::WindowEntered));
@@ -1314,12 +1314,12 @@ const Cursor& WindowManager::active_cursor() const
 
 void WindowManager::set_hovered_button(Button* button)
 {
-    m_hovered_button = button ? button->make_weak_ptr() : nullptr;
+    m_hovered_button = button;
 }
 
 void WindowManager::set_resize_candidate(Window& window, ResizeDirection direction)
 {
-    m_resize_candidate = window.make_weak_ptr();
+    m_resize_candidate = window;
     m_resize_direction = direction;
 }
 
@@ -1358,7 +1358,7 @@ Gfx::IntRect WindowManager::maximized_window_rect(const Window& window) const
 void WindowManager::start_dnd_drag(ClientConnection& client, const String& text, Gfx::Bitmap* bitmap, const Core::MimeData& mime_data)
 {
     ASSERT(!m_dnd_client);
-    m_dnd_client = client.make_weak_ptr();
+    m_dnd_client = client;
     m_dnd_text = text;
     m_dnd_bitmap = bitmap;
     m_dnd_mime_data = mime_data;

Services/WindowServer/WindowSwitcher.cpp

@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ void WindowSwitcher::refresh()
             longest_title_width = max(longest_title_width, wm.font().width(window.title()));
             if (selected_window == &window)
                 m_selected_index = m_windows.size();
-            m_windows.append(window.make_weak_ptr());
+            m_windows.append(window);
             return IterationDecision::Continue;
         },
         true);