linux/init/do_mounts.c
Jianyong Wu 84d2b69623
init/mount: print pretty name of root device when panics
Given a wrong root device, current log may not give the pretty name
which is useful to locate root cause.

For example, there are 2 blk devs in a VM, /dev/vda which has 2 partitials
/dev/vda1 and /dev/vda2 and /dev/vdb which is blank. /dev/vda2 is the
right root dev. When set "root=/dev/vdb", we get error log:

[    0.635575] Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(254,16)

It's not straightforward to find out the root cause as there is lack of
the root devive name therefore hard for people to get those info from the
device number, in the example, (254,16).

It is more comprehensive way to hint the root cause if pretty name is
given here, like:

[    0.559887] Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on "/dev/vdb" or unknown-block(254,16)

Signed-off-by: Jianyong Wu <jianyong.wu@arm.com>
Message-Id: <20230907091025.3436878-1-jianyong.wu@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
2023-10-19 11:02:46 +02:00

517 lines
11 KiB
C

// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/ctype.h>
#include <linux/fd.h>
#include <linux/tty.h>
#include <linux/suspend.h>
#include <linux/root_dev.h>
#include <linux/security.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/mount.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/initrd.h>
#include <linux/async.h>
#include <linux/fs_struct.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/ramfs.h>
#include <linux/shmem_fs.h>
#include <linux/ktime.h>
#include <linux/nfs_fs.h>
#include <linux/nfs_fs_sb.h>
#include <linux/nfs_mount.h>
#include <linux/raid/detect.h>
#include <uapi/linux/mount.h>
#include "do_mounts.h"
int root_mountflags = MS_RDONLY | MS_SILENT;
static char __initdata saved_root_name[64];
static int root_wait;
dev_t ROOT_DEV;
static int __init load_ramdisk(char *str)
{
pr_warn("ignoring the deprecated load_ramdisk= option\n");
return 1;
}
__setup("load_ramdisk=", load_ramdisk);
static int __init readonly(char *str)
{
if (*str)
return 0;
root_mountflags |= MS_RDONLY;
return 1;
}
static int __init readwrite(char *str)
{
if (*str)
return 0;
root_mountflags &= ~MS_RDONLY;
return 1;
}
__setup("ro", readonly);
__setup("rw", readwrite);
static int __init root_dev_setup(char *line)
{
strscpy(saved_root_name, line, sizeof(saved_root_name));
return 1;
}
__setup("root=", root_dev_setup);
static int __init rootwait_setup(char *str)
{
if (*str)
return 0;
root_wait = -1;
return 1;
}
__setup("rootwait", rootwait_setup);
static int __init rootwait_timeout_setup(char *str)
{
int sec;
if (kstrtoint(str, 0, &sec) || sec < 0) {
pr_warn("ignoring invalid rootwait value\n");
goto ignore;
}
if (check_mul_overflow(sec, MSEC_PER_SEC, &root_wait)) {
pr_warn("ignoring excessive rootwait value\n");
goto ignore;
}
return 1;
ignore:
/* Fallback to indefinite wait */
root_wait = -1;
return 1;
}
__setup("rootwait=", rootwait_timeout_setup);
static char * __initdata root_mount_data;
static int __init root_data_setup(char *str)
{
root_mount_data = str;
return 1;
}
static char * __initdata root_fs_names;
static int __init fs_names_setup(char *str)
{
root_fs_names = str;
return 1;
}
static unsigned int __initdata root_delay;
static int __init root_delay_setup(char *str)
{
root_delay = simple_strtoul(str, NULL, 0);
return 1;
}
__setup("rootflags=", root_data_setup);
__setup("rootfstype=", fs_names_setup);
__setup("rootdelay=", root_delay_setup);
/* This can return zero length strings. Caller should check */
static int __init split_fs_names(char *page, size_t size)
{
int count = 1;
char *p = page;
strscpy(p, root_fs_names, size);
while (*p++) {
if (p[-1] == ',') {
p[-1] = '\0';
count++;
}
}
return count;
}
static int __init do_mount_root(const char *name, const char *fs,
const int flags, const void *data)
{
struct super_block *s;
struct page *p = NULL;
char *data_page = NULL;
int ret;
if (data) {
/* init_mount() requires a full page as fifth argument */
p = alloc_page(GFP_KERNEL);
if (!p)
return -ENOMEM;
data_page = page_address(p);
/* zero-pad. init_mount() will make sure it's terminated */
strncpy(data_page, data, PAGE_SIZE);
}
ret = init_mount(name, "/root", fs, flags, data_page);
if (ret)
goto out;
init_chdir("/root");
s = current->fs->pwd.dentry->d_sb;
ROOT_DEV = s->s_dev;
printk(KERN_INFO
"VFS: Mounted root (%s filesystem)%s on device %u:%u.\n",
s->s_type->name,
sb_rdonly(s) ? " readonly" : "",
MAJOR(ROOT_DEV), MINOR(ROOT_DEV));
out:
if (p)
put_page(p);
return ret;
}
void __init mount_root_generic(char *name, char *pretty_name, int flags)
{
struct page *page = alloc_page(GFP_KERNEL);
char *fs_names = page_address(page);
char *p;
char b[BDEVNAME_SIZE];
int num_fs, i;
scnprintf(b, BDEVNAME_SIZE, "unknown-block(%u,%u)",
MAJOR(ROOT_DEV), MINOR(ROOT_DEV));
if (root_fs_names)
num_fs = split_fs_names(fs_names, PAGE_SIZE);
else
num_fs = list_bdev_fs_names(fs_names, PAGE_SIZE);
retry:
for (i = 0, p = fs_names; i < num_fs; i++, p += strlen(p)+1) {
int err;
if (!*p)
continue;
err = do_mount_root(name, p, flags, root_mount_data);
switch (err) {
case 0:
goto out;
case -EACCES:
case -EINVAL:
continue;
}
/*
* Allow the user to distinguish between failed sys_open
* and bad superblock on root device.
* and give them a list of the available devices
*/
printk("VFS: Cannot open root device \"%s\" or %s: error %d\n",
pretty_name, b, err);
printk("Please append a correct \"root=\" boot option; here are the available partitions:\n");
printk_all_partitions();
if (root_fs_names)
num_fs = list_bdev_fs_names(fs_names, PAGE_SIZE);
if (!num_fs)
pr_err("Can't find any bdev filesystem to be used for mount!\n");
else {
pr_err("List of all bdev filesystems:\n");
for (i = 0, p = fs_names; i < num_fs; i++, p += strlen(p)+1)
pr_err(" %s", p);
pr_err("\n");
}
panic("VFS: Unable to mount root fs on %s", b);
}
if (!(flags & SB_RDONLY)) {
flags |= SB_RDONLY;
goto retry;
}
printk("List of all partitions:\n");
printk_all_partitions();
printk("No filesystem could mount root, tried: ");
for (i = 0, p = fs_names; i < num_fs; i++, p += strlen(p)+1)
printk(" %s", p);
printk("\n");
panic("VFS: Unable to mount root fs on \"%s\" or %s", pretty_name, b);
out:
put_page(page);
}
#ifdef CONFIG_ROOT_NFS
#define NFSROOT_TIMEOUT_MIN 5
#define NFSROOT_TIMEOUT_MAX 30
#define NFSROOT_RETRY_MAX 5
static void __init mount_nfs_root(void)
{
char *root_dev, *root_data;
unsigned int timeout;
int try;
if (nfs_root_data(&root_dev, &root_data))
goto fail;
/*
* The server or network may not be ready, so try several
* times. Stop after a few tries in case the client wants
* to fall back to other boot methods.
*/
timeout = NFSROOT_TIMEOUT_MIN;
for (try = 1; ; try++) {
if (!do_mount_root(root_dev, "nfs", root_mountflags, root_data))
return;
if (try > NFSROOT_RETRY_MAX)
break;
/* Wait, in case the server refused us immediately */
ssleep(timeout);
timeout <<= 1;
if (timeout > NFSROOT_TIMEOUT_MAX)
timeout = NFSROOT_TIMEOUT_MAX;
}
fail:
pr_err("VFS: Unable to mount root fs via NFS.\n");
}
#else
static inline void mount_nfs_root(void)
{
}
#endif /* CONFIG_ROOT_NFS */
#ifdef CONFIG_CIFS_ROOT
#define CIFSROOT_TIMEOUT_MIN 5
#define CIFSROOT_TIMEOUT_MAX 30
#define CIFSROOT_RETRY_MAX 5
static void __init mount_cifs_root(void)
{
char *root_dev, *root_data;
unsigned int timeout;
int try;
if (cifs_root_data(&root_dev, &root_data))
goto fail;
timeout = CIFSROOT_TIMEOUT_MIN;
for (try = 1; ; try++) {
if (!do_mount_root(root_dev, "cifs", root_mountflags,
root_data))
return;
if (try > CIFSROOT_RETRY_MAX)
break;
ssleep(timeout);
timeout <<= 1;
if (timeout > CIFSROOT_TIMEOUT_MAX)
timeout = CIFSROOT_TIMEOUT_MAX;
}
fail:
pr_err("VFS: Unable to mount root fs via SMB.\n");
}
#else
static inline void mount_cifs_root(void)
{
}
#endif /* CONFIG_CIFS_ROOT */
static bool __init fs_is_nodev(char *fstype)
{
struct file_system_type *fs = get_fs_type(fstype);
bool ret = false;
if (fs) {
ret = !(fs->fs_flags & FS_REQUIRES_DEV);
put_filesystem(fs);
}
return ret;
}
static int __init mount_nodev_root(char *root_device_name)
{
char *fs_names, *fstype;
int err = -EINVAL;
int num_fs, i;
fs_names = (void *)__get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL);
if (!fs_names)
return -EINVAL;
num_fs = split_fs_names(fs_names, PAGE_SIZE);
for (i = 0, fstype = fs_names; i < num_fs;
i++, fstype += strlen(fstype) + 1) {
if (!*fstype)
continue;
if (!fs_is_nodev(fstype))
continue;
err = do_mount_root(root_device_name, fstype, root_mountflags,
root_mount_data);
if (!err)
break;
}
free_page((unsigned long)fs_names);
return err;
}
#ifdef CONFIG_BLOCK
static void __init mount_block_root(char *root_device_name)
{
int err = create_dev("/dev/root", ROOT_DEV);
if (err < 0)
pr_emerg("Failed to create /dev/root: %d\n", err);
mount_root_generic("/dev/root", root_device_name, root_mountflags);
}
#else
static inline void mount_block_root(char *root_device_name)
{
}
#endif /* CONFIG_BLOCK */
void __init mount_root(char *root_device_name)
{
switch (ROOT_DEV) {
case Root_NFS:
mount_nfs_root();
break;
case Root_CIFS:
mount_cifs_root();
break;
case Root_Generic:
mount_root_generic(root_device_name, root_device_name,
root_mountflags);
break;
case 0:
if (root_device_name && root_fs_names &&
mount_nodev_root(root_device_name) == 0)
break;
fallthrough;
default:
mount_block_root(root_device_name);
break;
}
}
/* wait for any asynchronous scanning to complete */
static void __init wait_for_root(char *root_device_name)
{
ktime_t end;
if (ROOT_DEV != 0)
return;
pr_info("Waiting for root device %s...\n", root_device_name);
end = ktime_add_ms(ktime_get_raw(), root_wait);
while (!driver_probe_done() ||
early_lookup_bdev(root_device_name, &ROOT_DEV) < 0) {
msleep(5);
if (root_wait > 0 && ktime_after(ktime_get_raw(), end))
break;
}
async_synchronize_full();
}
static dev_t __init parse_root_device(char *root_device_name)
{
int error;
dev_t dev;
if (!strncmp(root_device_name, "mtd", 3) ||
!strncmp(root_device_name, "ubi", 3))
return Root_Generic;
if (strcmp(root_device_name, "/dev/nfs") == 0)
return Root_NFS;
if (strcmp(root_device_name, "/dev/cifs") == 0)
return Root_CIFS;
if (strcmp(root_device_name, "/dev/ram") == 0)
return Root_RAM0;
error = early_lookup_bdev(root_device_name, &dev);
if (error) {
if (error == -EINVAL && root_wait) {
pr_err("Disabling rootwait; root= is invalid.\n");
root_wait = 0;
}
return 0;
}
return dev;
}
/*
* Prepare the namespace - decide what/where to mount, load ramdisks, etc.
*/
void __init prepare_namespace(void)
{
if (root_delay) {
printk(KERN_INFO "Waiting %d sec before mounting root device...\n",
root_delay);
ssleep(root_delay);
}
/*
* wait for the known devices to complete their probing
*
* Note: this is a potential source of long boot delays.
* For example, it is not atypical to wait 5 seconds here
* for the touchpad of a laptop to initialize.
*/
wait_for_device_probe();
md_run_setup();
if (saved_root_name[0])
ROOT_DEV = parse_root_device(saved_root_name);
if (initrd_load(saved_root_name))
goto out;
if (root_wait)
wait_for_root(saved_root_name);
mount_root(saved_root_name);
out:
devtmpfs_mount();
init_mount(".", "/", NULL, MS_MOVE, NULL);
init_chroot(".");
}
static bool is_tmpfs;
static int rootfs_init_fs_context(struct fs_context *fc)
{
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TMPFS) && is_tmpfs)
return shmem_init_fs_context(fc);
return ramfs_init_fs_context(fc);
}
struct file_system_type rootfs_fs_type = {
.name = "rootfs",
.init_fs_context = rootfs_init_fs_context,
.kill_sb = kill_litter_super,
};
void __init init_rootfs(void)
{
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TMPFS) && !saved_root_name[0] &&
(!root_fs_names || strstr(root_fs_names, "tmpfs")))
is_tmpfs = true;
}