linux/block/mq-deadline.c
Jens Axboe c13660a08c blk-mq-sched: change ->dispatch_requests() to ->dispatch_request()
When we invoke dispatch_requests(), the scheduler empties everything
into the passed in list. This isn't always a good thing, since it
means that we remove items that we could have potentially merged
with.

Change the function to dispatch single requests at the time. If
we do that, we can backoff exactly at the point where the device
can't consume more IO, and leave the rest with the scheduler for
better merging and future dispatch decision making.

Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
Reviewed-by: Omar Sandoval <osandov@fb.com>
Tested-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.com>
2017-01-27 08:20:35 -07:00

556 lines
13 KiB
C

/*
* MQ Deadline i/o scheduler - adaptation of the legacy deadline scheduler,
* for the blk-mq scheduling framework
*
* Copyright (C) 2016 Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
*/
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/blkdev.h>
#include <linux/blk-mq.h>
#include <linux/elevator.h>
#include <linux/bio.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/compiler.h>
#include <linux/rbtree.h>
#include <linux/sbitmap.h>
#include "blk.h"
#include "blk-mq.h"
#include "blk-mq-tag.h"
#include "blk-mq-sched.h"
/*
* See Documentation/block/deadline-iosched.txt
*/
static const int read_expire = HZ / 2; /* max time before a read is submitted. */
static const int write_expire = 5 * HZ; /* ditto for writes, these limits are SOFT! */
static const int writes_starved = 2; /* max times reads can starve a write */
static const int fifo_batch = 16; /* # of sequential requests treated as one
by the above parameters. For throughput. */
struct deadline_data {
/*
* run time data
*/
/*
* requests (deadline_rq s) are present on both sort_list and fifo_list
*/
struct rb_root sort_list[2];
struct list_head fifo_list[2];
/*
* next in sort order. read, write or both are NULL
*/
struct request *next_rq[2];
unsigned int batching; /* number of sequential requests made */
unsigned int starved; /* times reads have starved writes */
/*
* settings that change how the i/o scheduler behaves
*/
int fifo_expire[2];
int fifo_batch;
int writes_starved;
int front_merges;
spinlock_t lock;
struct list_head dispatch;
};
static inline struct rb_root *
deadline_rb_root(struct deadline_data *dd, struct request *rq)
{
return &dd->sort_list[rq_data_dir(rq)];
}
/*
* get the request after `rq' in sector-sorted order
*/
static inline struct request *
deadline_latter_request(struct request *rq)
{
struct rb_node *node = rb_next(&rq->rb_node);
if (node)
return rb_entry_rq(node);
return NULL;
}
static void
deadline_add_rq_rb(struct deadline_data *dd, struct request *rq)
{
struct rb_root *root = deadline_rb_root(dd, rq);
elv_rb_add(root, rq);
}
static inline void
deadline_del_rq_rb(struct deadline_data *dd, struct request *rq)
{
const int data_dir = rq_data_dir(rq);
if (dd->next_rq[data_dir] == rq)
dd->next_rq[data_dir] = deadline_latter_request(rq);
elv_rb_del(deadline_rb_root(dd, rq), rq);
}
/*
* remove rq from rbtree and fifo.
*/
static void deadline_remove_request(struct request_queue *q, struct request *rq)
{
struct deadline_data *dd = q->elevator->elevator_data;
list_del_init(&rq->queuelist);
/*
* We might not be on the rbtree, if we are doing an insert merge
*/
if (!RB_EMPTY_NODE(&rq->rb_node))
deadline_del_rq_rb(dd, rq);
elv_rqhash_del(q, rq);
if (q->last_merge == rq)
q->last_merge = NULL;
}
static void dd_request_merged(struct request_queue *q, struct request *req,
int type)
{
struct deadline_data *dd = q->elevator->elevator_data;
/*
* if the merge was a front merge, we need to reposition request
*/
if (type == ELEVATOR_FRONT_MERGE) {
elv_rb_del(deadline_rb_root(dd, req), req);
deadline_add_rq_rb(dd, req);
}
}
static void dd_merged_requests(struct request_queue *q, struct request *req,
struct request *next)
{
/*
* if next expires before rq, assign its expire time to rq
* and move into next position (next will be deleted) in fifo
*/
if (!list_empty(&req->queuelist) && !list_empty(&next->queuelist)) {
if (time_before((unsigned long)next->fifo_time,
(unsigned long)req->fifo_time)) {
list_move(&req->queuelist, &next->queuelist);
req->fifo_time = next->fifo_time;
}
}
/*
* kill knowledge of next, this one is a goner
*/
deadline_remove_request(q, next);
}
/*
* move an entry to dispatch queue
*/
static void
deadline_move_request(struct deadline_data *dd, struct request *rq)
{
const int data_dir = rq_data_dir(rq);
dd->next_rq[READ] = NULL;
dd->next_rq[WRITE] = NULL;
dd->next_rq[data_dir] = deadline_latter_request(rq);
/*
* take it off the sort and fifo list
*/
deadline_remove_request(rq->q, rq);
}
/*
* deadline_check_fifo returns 0 if there are no expired requests on the fifo,
* 1 otherwise. Requires !list_empty(&dd->fifo_list[data_dir])
*/
static inline int deadline_check_fifo(struct deadline_data *dd, int ddir)
{
struct request *rq = rq_entry_fifo(dd->fifo_list[ddir].next);
/*
* rq is expired!
*/
if (time_after_eq(jiffies, (unsigned long)rq->fifo_time))
return 1;
return 0;
}
/*
* deadline_dispatch_requests selects the best request according to
* read/write expire, fifo_batch, etc
*/
static struct request *__dd_dispatch_request(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx)
{
struct deadline_data *dd = hctx->queue->elevator->elevator_data;
struct request *rq;
bool reads, writes;
int data_dir;
if (!list_empty(&dd->dispatch)) {
rq = list_first_entry(&dd->dispatch, struct request, queuelist);
list_del_init(&rq->queuelist);
goto done;
}
reads = !list_empty(&dd->fifo_list[READ]);
writes = !list_empty(&dd->fifo_list[WRITE]);
/*
* batches are currently reads XOR writes
*/
if (dd->next_rq[WRITE])
rq = dd->next_rq[WRITE];
else
rq = dd->next_rq[READ];
if (rq && dd->batching < dd->fifo_batch)
/* we have a next request are still entitled to batch */
goto dispatch_request;
/*
* at this point we are not running a batch. select the appropriate
* data direction (read / write)
*/
if (reads) {
BUG_ON(RB_EMPTY_ROOT(&dd->sort_list[READ]));
if (writes && (dd->starved++ >= dd->writes_starved))
goto dispatch_writes;
data_dir = READ;
goto dispatch_find_request;
}
/*
* there are either no reads or writes have been starved
*/
if (writes) {
dispatch_writes:
BUG_ON(RB_EMPTY_ROOT(&dd->sort_list[WRITE]));
dd->starved = 0;
data_dir = WRITE;
goto dispatch_find_request;
}
return NULL;
dispatch_find_request:
/*
* we are not running a batch, find best request for selected data_dir
*/
if (deadline_check_fifo(dd, data_dir) || !dd->next_rq[data_dir]) {
/*
* A deadline has expired, the last request was in the other
* direction, or we have run out of higher-sectored requests.
* Start again from the request with the earliest expiry time.
*/
rq = rq_entry_fifo(dd->fifo_list[data_dir].next);
} else {
/*
* The last req was the same dir and we have a next request in
* sort order. No expired requests so continue on from here.
*/
rq = dd->next_rq[data_dir];
}
dd->batching = 0;
dispatch_request:
/*
* rq is the selected appropriate request.
*/
dd->batching++;
deadline_move_request(dd, rq);
done:
rq->rq_flags |= RQF_STARTED;
return rq;
}
static struct request *dd_dispatch_request(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx)
{
struct deadline_data *dd = hctx->queue->elevator->elevator_data;
struct request *rq;
spin_lock(&dd->lock);
rq = __dd_dispatch_request(hctx);
spin_unlock(&dd->lock);
return rq;
}
static void dd_exit_queue(struct elevator_queue *e)
{
struct deadline_data *dd = e->elevator_data;
BUG_ON(!list_empty(&dd->fifo_list[READ]));
BUG_ON(!list_empty(&dd->fifo_list[WRITE]));
kfree(dd);
}
/*
* initialize elevator private data (deadline_data).
*/
static int dd_init_queue(struct request_queue *q, struct elevator_type *e)
{
struct deadline_data *dd;
struct elevator_queue *eq;
eq = elevator_alloc(q, e);
if (!eq)
return -ENOMEM;
dd = kzalloc_node(sizeof(*dd), GFP_KERNEL, q->node);
if (!dd) {
kobject_put(&eq->kobj);
return -ENOMEM;
}
eq->elevator_data = dd;
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&dd->fifo_list[READ]);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&dd->fifo_list[WRITE]);
dd->sort_list[READ] = RB_ROOT;
dd->sort_list[WRITE] = RB_ROOT;
dd->fifo_expire[READ] = read_expire;
dd->fifo_expire[WRITE] = write_expire;
dd->writes_starved = writes_starved;
dd->front_merges = 1;
dd->fifo_batch = fifo_batch;
spin_lock_init(&dd->lock);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&dd->dispatch);
q->elevator = eq;
return 0;
}
static int dd_request_merge(struct request_queue *q, struct request **rq,
struct bio *bio)
{
struct deadline_data *dd = q->elevator->elevator_data;
sector_t sector = bio_end_sector(bio);
struct request *__rq;
if (!dd->front_merges)
return ELEVATOR_NO_MERGE;
__rq = elv_rb_find(&dd->sort_list[bio_data_dir(bio)], sector);
if (__rq) {
BUG_ON(sector != blk_rq_pos(__rq));
if (elv_bio_merge_ok(__rq, bio)) {
*rq = __rq;
return ELEVATOR_FRONT_MERGE;
}
}
return ELEVATOR_NO_MERGE;
}
static bool dd_bio_merge(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx, struct bio *bio)
{
struct request_queue *q = hctx->queue;
struct deadline_data *dd = q->elevator->elevator_data;
int ret;
spin_lock(&dd->lock);
ret = blk_mq_sched_try_merge(q, bio);
spin_unlock(&dd->lock);
return ret;
}
/*
* add rq to rbtree and fifo
*/
static void dd_insert_request(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx, struct request *rq,
bool at_head)
{
struct request_queue *q = hctx->queue;
struct deadline_data *dd = q->elevator->elevator_data;
const int data_dir = rq_data_dir(rq);
if (blk_mq_sched_try_insert_merge(q, rq))
return;
blk_mq_sched_request_inserted(rq);
if (blk_mq_sched_bypass_insert(hctx, rq))
return;
if (at_head || rq->cmd_type != REQ_TYPE_FS) {
if (at_head)
list_add(&rq->queuelist, &dd->dispatch);
else
list_add_tail(&rq->queuelist, &dd->dispatch);
} else {
deadline_add_rq_rb(dd, rq);
if (rq_mergeable(rq)) {
elv_rqhash_add(q, rq);
if (!q->last_merge)
q->last_merge = rq;
}
/*
* set expire time and add to fifo list
*/
rq->fifo_time = jiffies + dd->fifo_expire[data_dir];
list_add_tail(&rq->queuelist, &dd->fifo_list[data_dir]);
}
}
static void dd_insert_requests(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx,
struct list_head *list, bool at_head)
{
struct request_queue *q = hctx->queue;
struct deadline_data *dd = q->elevator->elevator_data;
spin_lock(&dd->lock);
while (!list_empty(list)) {
struct request *rq;
rq = list_first_entry(list, struct request, queuelist);
list_del_init(&rq->queuelist);
dd_insert_request(hctx, rq, at_head);
}
spin_unlock(&dd->lock);
}
static bool dd_has_work(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx)
{
struct deadline_data *dd = hctx->queue->elevator->elevator_data;
return !list_empty_careful(&dd->dispatch) ||
!list_empty_careful(&dd->fifo_list[0]) ||
!list_empty_careful(&dd->fifo_list[1]);
}
/*
* sysfs parts below
*/
static ssize_t
deadline_var_show(int var, char *page)
{
return sprintf(page, "%d\n", var);
}
static ssize_t
deadline_var_store(int *var, const char *page, size_t count)
{
char *p = (char *) page;
*var = simple_strtol(p, &p, 10);
return count;
}
#define SHOW_FUNCTION(__FUNC, __VAR, __CONV) \
static ssize_t __FUNC(struct elevator_queue *e, char *page) \
{ \
struct deadline_data *dd = e->elevator_data; \
int __data = __VAR; \
if (__CONV) \
__data = jiffies_to_msecs(__data); \
return deadline_var_show(__data, (page)); \
}
SHOW_FUNCTION(deadline_read_expire_show, dd->fifo_expire[READ], 1);
SHOW_FUNCTION(deadline_write_expire_show, dd->fifo_expire[WRITE], 1);
SHOW_FUNCTION(deadline_writes_starved_show, dd->writes_starved, 0);
SHOW_FUNCTION(deadline_front_merges_show, dd->front_merges, 0);
SHOW_FUNCTION(deadline_fifo_batch_show, dd->fifo_batch, 0);
#undef SHOW_FUNCTION
#define STORE_FUNCTION(__FUNC, __PTR, MIN, MAX, __CONV) \
static ssize_t __FUNC(struct elevator_queue *e, const char *page, size_t count) \
{ \
struct deadline_data *dd = e->elevator_data; \
int __data; \
int ret = deadline_var_store(&__data, (page), count); \
if (__data < (MIN)) \
__data = (MIN); \
else if (__data > (MAX)) \
__data = (MAX); \
if (__CONV) \
*(__PTR) = msecs_to_jiffies(__data); \
else \
*(__PTR) = __data; \
return ret; \
}
STORE_FUNCTION(deadline_read_expire_store, &dd->fifo_expire[READ], 0, INT_MAX, 1);
STORE_FUNCTION(deadline_write_expire_store, &dd->fifo_expire[WRITE], 0, INT_MAX, 1);
STORE_FUNCTION(deadline_writes_starved_store, &dd->writes_starved, INT_MIN, INT_MAX, 0);
STORE_FUNCTION(deadline_front_merges_store, &dd->front_merges, 0, 1, 0);
STORE_FUNCTION(deadline_fifo_batch_store, &dd->fifo_batch, 0, INT_MAX, 0);
#undef STORE_FUNCTION
#define DD_ATTR(name) \
__ATTR(name, S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR, deadline_##name##_show, \
deadline_##name##_store)
static struct elv_fs_entry deadline_attrs[] = {
DD_ATTR(read_expire),
DD_ATTR(write_expire),
DD_ATTR(writes_starved),
DD_ATTR(front_merges),
DD_ATTR(fifo_batch),
__ATTR_NULL
};
static struct elevator_type mq_deadline = {
.ops.mq = {
.insert_requests = dd_insert_requests,
.dispatch_request = dd_dispatch_request,
.next_request = elv_rb_latter_request,
.former_request = elv_rb_former_request,
.bio_merge = dd_bio_merge,
.request_merge = dd_request_merge,
.requests_merged = dd_merged_requests,
.request_merged = dd_request_merged,
.has_work = dd_has_work,
.init_sched = dd_init_queue,
.exit_sched = dd_exit_queue,
},
.uses_mq = true,
.elevator_attrs = deadline_attrs,
.elevator_name = "mq-deadline",
.elevator_owner = THIS_MODULE,
};
static int __init deadline_init(void)
{
return elv_register(&mq_deadline);
}
static void __exit deadline_exit(void)
{
elv_unregister(&mq_deadline);
}
module_init(deadline_init);
module_exit(deadline_exit);
MODULE_AUTHOR("Jens Axboe");
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("MQ deadline IO scheduler");