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235 lines
9 KiB
Groff
235 lines
9 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1991 The Regents of the University of California.
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
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.\" the Systems Programming Group of the University of Utah Computer
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.\" Science Department.
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
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.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" from: @(#)dca.4 5.2 (Berkeley) 3/27/91
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.\" from: com.4,v 1.1 1993/08/06 11:19:07 cgd Exp
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.\" from: sio.4,v 1.16 1995/06/26 06:05:30 bde Exp $
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.\" $Id: cy.4,v 1.8 1997/03/21 20:13:42 mpp Exp $
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.\"
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.Dd October 10, 1995
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.Dt CY 4 i386
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.Os FreeBSD
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm cy
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.Nd Cyclades Cyclom-Y serial driver
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Cd "device cy0 at isa? tty irq 10 iomem 0xd4000 iosiz 0x2000"
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.Cd "device cy1 at isa? tty irq 11 iomem 0xd6000 iosiz 0x2000"
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.Pp
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Minor numbering:
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.Pp
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.Bd -literal
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0b\fIMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMxxxxxxxxOLIMMMMM\fR
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call\fBO\fRut
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\fBL\fRock
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\fBI\fRnitial
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\fBMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM MMMMMM\fRinor
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.Ed
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm cy
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driver provides support for Cirrus Logic CD1400-based
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.Tn EIA
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.Tn RS-232C
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.Pf ( Tn CCITT
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.Tn V.24 )
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communications interfaces (ports) on Cyclades Cyclom-Y boards.
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Each CD1400 provides 4 ports.
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Cyclom-Y boards with various numbers of CD1400's are available.
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This driver supports up to 8 CD1400's (32 ports) per board.
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.Pp
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Input and output for each line may set independently
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to the following speeds:
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50, 75, 110, 134.5, 150, 300, 600, 1200, 1800, 2400, 4800, 9600,
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19200, 38400, 57600, or 115200 bps.
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Other speeds of up to 150000 are supported by the termios interface
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but not by the sgttyb compatibility interface.
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The CD1400 is not fast enough to handle speeds above 115200 bps
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effectively.
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It can transmit on a single line at slightly more than 115200 bps,
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but when 4 lines are active in both directions its limit is about
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90000 bps on each line.
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.\" XXX the following should be true for all serial drivers and
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.\" should not be repeated in the man pages for all serial drivers.
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.\" It was copied from sio.4. The only change was s/sio/cy/g.
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.Pp
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Serial ports controlled by the
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.Nm cy
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driver can be used for both `callin' and `callout'.
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For each port there is a callin device and a callout device.
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The minor number of the callout device is 128 higher
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than that of the corresponding callin port.
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The callin device is general purpose.
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Processes opening it normally wait for carrier
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and for the callout device to become inactive.
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The callout device is used to steal the port from
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processes waiting for carrier on the callin device.
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Processes opening it do not wait for carrier
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and put any processes waiting for carrier on the callin device into
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a deeper sleep so that they do not conflict with the callout session.
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The callout device is abused for handling programs that are supposed
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to work on general ports and need to open the port without waiting
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but are too stupid to do so.
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm cy
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driver also supports an initial-state and a lock-state control
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device for each of the callin and the callout "data" devices.
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The minor number of the initial-state device is 32 higher
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than that of the corresponding data device.
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The minor number of the lock-state device is 64 higher
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than that of the corresponding data device.
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The termios settings of a data device are copied
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from those of the corresponding initial-state device
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on first opens and are not inherited from previous opens.
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Use
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.Xr stty 1
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in the normal way on the initial-state devices to program
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initial termios states suitable for your setup.
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.Pp
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The lock termios state acts as flags to disable changing
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the termios state. E.g., to lock a flag variable such as
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CRTSCTS, use
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.Em "stty crtscts"
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on the lock-state device. Speeds and special characters
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may be locked by setting the corresponding value in the lock-state
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device to any nonzero value.
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.Pp
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Correct programs talking to correctly wired external devices
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work with almost arbitrary initial states and almost no locking,
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but other setups may benefit from changing some of the default
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initial state and locking the state.
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In particular, the initial states for non (POSIX) standard flags
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should be set to suit the devices attached and may need to be
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locked to prevent buggy programs from changing them.
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E.g., CRTSCTS should be locked on for devices that support
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RTS/CTS handshaking at all times and off for devices that don't
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support it at all. CLOCAL should be locked on for devices
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that don't support carrier. HUPCL may be locked off if you don't
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want to hang up for some reason. In general, very bad things happen
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if something is locked to the wrong state, and things should not
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be locked for devices that support more than one setting. The
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CLOCAL flag on callin ports should be locked off for logins
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to avoid certain security holes, but this needs to be done by
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getty if the callin port is used for anything else.
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.Sh FILES
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.\" XXX more cloning: s/d/c/g and add a ? for the card number.
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.Bl -tag -width /dev/ttyic?? -compact
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.It Pa /dev/ttyc??
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for callin ports
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.It Pa /dev/ttyic??
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.It Pa /dev/ttylc??
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corresponding callin initial-state and lock-state devices
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.Pp
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.\" XXX more cloning: s/a/c/g. No consistency :-(.
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.It Pa /dev/cuac??
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for callout ports
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.It Pa /dev/cuaic??
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.It Pa /dev/cualc??
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corresponding callout initial-state and lock-state devices
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.El
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width /etc/rc.serial -compact
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.It Pa /etc/rc.serial
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examples of setting the initial-state and lock-state devices
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.El
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.Pp
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The first question mark in these device names is short for the
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card number
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(a decimal number between 0 and 65535 inclusive).
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The second question mark is short for the port number
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(a letter in the range [0-9a-v]).
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.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
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.Bl -diag
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.\" XXX back to s/sio/cy/g.
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.It cy%d: silo overflow.
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Problem in the interrupt handler.
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.El
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.Bl -diag
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.It cy%d: interrupt-level buffer overflow.
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Problem in the bottom half of the driver.
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.El
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.Bl -diag
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.It cy%d: tty-level buffer overflow.
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Problem in the application.
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Input has arrived faster than the given module could process it
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and some has been lost.
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.El
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.\" .Bl -diag
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.\" .It sio%d: reduced fifo trigger level to %d.
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.\" Attempting to avoid further silo overflows.
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.\" .El
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr stty 1 ,
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.Xr termios 4 ,
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.Xr tty 4 ,
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.Xr comcontrol 8 ,
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.Xr pstat 8
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm
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driver is derived from the
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.Nm sio
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driver and the NetBSD
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.Nm
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driver and is
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.Ud
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.Sh BUGS
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BREAK is not yet implemented.
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.Pp
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Serial consoles are not implemented.
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.Pp
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Data loss may occur at very high baud rates on slow systems,
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or with too many ports on any system,
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or on heavily loaded systems when crtscts cannot be used.
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.Pp
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There are too many compile-time-only flags.
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The CD1400 has slightly smaller fifos than the NS16550 (12 bytes
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instead of 16), so it needs pseudo-dma more than a NS16550. The
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default configuration is optimized for generality at about a 30%
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relative cost in efficiency. These compile-time defines may be
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changed for higher efficiency:
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.Pp
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RxFifoThreshold: default 6; on a 486DX-33, this works for 8 ports
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talking to each other at 115200 bps; 11 works for 8 ports talking
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to each other at 57600 bps. The low threshold is not for
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.Tn FreeBSD ,
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it's for the CD1400, which can't really keep up with 115200 bps.
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.Pp
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PollMode: required for Cyclom-16Y's; costs 10-20% relative efficiency
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on Cyclom-8Y's (more with a low RxFifoThreshold).
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.Pp
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SOFT_HOTCHAR: required in addition to the small RxFifoThreshold
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to avoid overruns with SLIP and PPP for 8 ports at 115200 bps.
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Costs 5% relative efficiency.
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