freebsd-src/usr.bin/printf/printf.c
David Schultz 9d65050e7b POSIX says that octal escapes have the format \ddd in the format string,
but \0ddd in a %b argument, with a length restriction of 3 octal digits
in either case. This seems silly, but it needs to be right so it's possible
to write an octal escape followed by an ordinary digit. Solaris printf(1)
and GNU printf(1) also behave this way.

Example: "printf '\0752'" now produces "=2" instead of garbage.
2008-08-02 06:02:02 +00:00

559 lines
11 KiB
C

/*
* Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
* The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
* must display the following acknowledgement:
* This product includes software developed by the University of
* California, Berkeley and its contributors.
* 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#if !defined(BUILTIN) && !defined(SHELL)
#ifndef lint
static char const copyright[] =
"@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n";
#endif /* not lint */
#endif
#ifndef lint
#if 0
static char const sccsid[] = "@(#)printf.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 7/20/93";
#endif
static const char rcsid[] =
"$FreeBSD$";
#endif /* not lint */
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#ifdef SHELL
#define main printfcmd
#include "bltin/bltin.h"
#include "memalloc.h"
#else
#define warnx1(a, b, c) warnx(a)
#define warnx2(a, b, c) warnx(a, b)
#define warnx3(a, b, c) warnx(a, b, c)
#endif
#ifndef BUILTIN
#include <locale.h>
#endif
#define PF(f, func) do { \
char *b = NULL; \
if (havewidth) \
if (haveprec) \
(void)asprintf(&b, f, fieldwidth, precision, func); \
else \
(void)asprintf(&b, f, fieldwidth, func); \
else if (haveprec) \
(void)asprintf(&b, f, precision, func); \
else \
(void)asprintf(&b, f, func); \
if (b) { \
(void)fputs(b, stdout); \
free(b); \
} \
} while (0)
static int asciicode(void);
static char *doformat(char *, int *);
static int escape(char *, int, size_t *);
static int getchr(void);
static int getfloating(long double *, int);
static int getint(int *);
static int getnum(intmax_t *, uintmax_t *, int);
static const char
*getstr(void);
static char *mknum(char *, int);
static void usage(void);
static char **gargv;
int
#ifdef BUILTIN
progprintf(int argc, char *argv[])
#else
main(int argc, char *argv[])
#endif
{
size_t len;
int ch, chopped, end, rval;
char *format, *fmt, *start;
#ifndef BUILTIN
(void) setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, "");
#endif
while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "")) != -1)
switch (ch) {
case '?':
default:
usage();
return (1);
}
argc -= optind;
argv += optind;
if (argc < 1) {
usage();
return (1);
}
/*
* Basic algorithm is to scan the format string for conversion
* specifications -- once one is found, find out if the field
* width or precision is a '*'; if it is, gather up value. Note,
* format strings are reused as necessary to use up the provided
* arguments, arguments of zero/null string are provided to use
* up the format string.
*/
fmt = format = *argv;
chopped = escape(fmt, 1, &len); /* backslash interpretation */
rval = end = 0;
gargv = ++argv;
for (;;) {
start = fmt;
while (fmt < format + len) {
if (fmt[0] == '%') {
fwrite(start, 1, fmt - start, stdout);
if (fmt[1] == '%') {
/* %% prints a % */
putchar('%');
fmt += 2;
} else {
fmt = doformat(fmt, &rval);
if (fmt == NULL)
return (1);
end = 0;
}
start = fmt;
} else
fmt++;
}
if (end == 1) {
warnx1("missing format character", NULL, NULL);
return (1);
}
fwrite(start, 1, fmt - start, stdout);
if (chopped || !*gargv)
return (rval);
/* Restart at the beginning of the format string. */
fmt = format;
end = 1;
}
/* NOTREACHED */
}
static char *
doformat(char *start, int *rval)
{
static const char skip1[] = "#'-+ 0";
static const char skip2[] = "0123456789";
char *fmt;
int fieldwidth, haveprec, havewidth, mod_ldbl, precision;
char convch, nextch;
fmt = start + 1;
/* skip to field width */
fmt += strspn(fmt, skip1);
if (*fmt == '*') {
if (getint(&fieldwidth))
return (NULL);
havewidth = 1;
++fmt;
} else {
havewidth = 0;
/* skip to possible '.', get following precision */
fmt += strspn(fmt, skip2);
}
if (*fmt == '.') {
/* precision present? */
++fmt;
if (*fmt == '*') {
if (getint(&precision))
return (NULL);
haveprec = 1;
++fmt;
} else {
haveprec = 0;
/* skip to conversion char */
fmt += strspn(fmt, skip2);
}
} else
haveprec = 0;
if (!*fmt) {
warnx1("missing format character", NULL, NULL);
return (NULL);
}
/*
* Look for a length modifier. POSIX doesn't have these, so
* we only support them for floating-point conversions, which
* are extensions. This is useful because the L modifier can
* be used to gain extra range and precision, while omitting
* it is more likely to produce consistent results on different
* architectures. This is not so important for integers
* because overflow is the only bad thing that can happen to
* them, but consider the command printf %a 1.1
*/
if (*fmt == 'L') {
mod_ldbl = 1;
fmt++;
if (!strchr("aAeEfFgG", *fmt)) {
warnx2("bad modifier L for %%%c", *fmt, NULL);
return (NULL);
}
} else {
mod_ldbl = 0;
}
convch = *fmt;
nextch = *++fmt;
*fmt = '\0';
switch (convch) {
case 'b': {
size_t len;
char *p;
int getout;
#ifdef SHELL
p = savestr(getstr());
#else
p = strdup(getstr());
#endif
if (p == NULL) {
warnx2("%s", strerror(ENOMEM), NULL);
return (NULL);
}
getout = escape(p, 0, &len);
*(fmt - 1) = 's';
PF(start, p);
*(fmt - 1) = 'b';
#ifdef SHELL
ckfree(p);
#else
free(p);
#endif
if (getout)
return (fmt);
break;
}
case 'c': {
char p;
p = getchr();
PF(start, p);
break;
}
case 's': {
const char *p;
p = getstr();
PF(start, p);
break;
}
case 'd': case 'i': case 'o': case 'u': case 'x': case 'X': {
char *f;
intmax_t val;
uintmax_t uval;
int signedconv;
signedconv = (convch == 'd' || convch == 'i');
if ((f = mknum(start, convch)) == NULL)
return (NULL);
if (getnum(&val, &uval, signedconv))
*rval = 1;
if (signedconv)
PF(f, val);
else
PF(f, uval);
break;
}
case 'e': case 'E':
case 'f': case 'F':
case 'g': case 'G':
case 'a': case 'A': {
long double p;
if (getfloating(&p, mod_ldbl))
*rval = 1;
if (mod_ldbl)
PF(start, p);
else
PF(start, (double)p);
break;
}
default:
warnx2("illegal format character %c", convch, NULL);
return (NULL);
}
*fmt = nextch;
return (fmt);
}
static char *
mknum(char *str, int ch)
{
static char *copy;
static size_t copy_size;
char *newcopy;
size_t len, newlen;
len = strlen(str) + 2;
if (len > copy_size) {
newlen = ((len + 1023) >> 10) << 10;
#ifdef SHELL
if ((newcopy = ckrealloc(copy, newlen)) == NULL)
#else
if ((newcopy = realloc(copy, newlen)) == NULL)
#endif
{
warnx2("%s", strerror(ENOMEM), NULL);
return (NULL);
}
copy = newcopy;
copy_size = newlen;
}
memmove(copy, str, len - 3);
copy[len - 3] = 'j';
copy[len - 2] = ch;
copy[len - 1] = '\0';
return (copy);
}
static int
escape(char *fmt, int percent, size_t *len)
{
char *save, *store;
int value, c;
for (save = store = fmt; (c = *fmt); ++fmt, ++store) {
if (c != '\\') {
*store = c;
continue;
}
switch (*++fmt) {
case '\0': /* EOS, user error */
*store = '\\';
*++store = '\0';
*len = store - save;
return (0);
case '\\': /* backslash */
case '\'': /* single quote */
*store = *fmt;
break;
case 'a': /* bell/alert */
*store = '\a';
break;
case 'b': /* backspace */
*store = '\b';
break;
case 'c':
*store = '\0';
*len = store - save;
return (1);
case 'f': /* form-feed */
*store = '\f';
break;
case 'n': /* newline */
*store = '\n';
break;
case 'r': /* carriage-return */
*store = '\r';
break;
case 't': /* horizontal tab */
*store = '\t';
break;
case 'v': /* vertical tab */
*store = '\v';
break;
/* octal constant */
case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3':
case '4': case '5': case '6': case '7':
c = (!percent && *fmt == '0') ? 4 : 3;
for (value = 0;
c-- && *fmt >= '0' && *fmt <= '7'; ++fmt) {
value <<= 3;
value += *fmt - '0';
}
--fmt;
if (percent && value == '%') {
*store++ = '%';
*store = '%';
} else
*store = value;
break;
default:
*store = *fmt;
break;
}
}
*store = '\0';
*len = store - save;
return (0);
}
static int
getchr(void)
{
if (!*gargv)
return ('\0');
return ((int)**gargv++);
}
static const char *
getstr(void)
{
if (!*gargv)
return ("");
return (*gargv++);
}
static int
getint(int *ip)
{
intmax_t val;
uintmax_t uval;
int rval;
if (getnum(&val, &uval, 1))
return (1);
rval = 0;
if (val < INT_MIN || val > INT_MAX) {
warnx3("%s: %s", *gargv, strerror(ERANGE));
rval = 1;
}
*ip = (int)val;
return (rval);
}
static int
getnum(intmax_t *ip, uintmax_t *uip, int signedconv)
{
char *ep;
int rval;
if (!*gargv) {
*ip = 0;
return (0);
}
if (**gargv == '"' || **gargv == '\'') {
if (signedconv)
*ip = asciicode();
else
*uip = asciicode();
return (0);
}
rval = 0;
errno = 0;
if (signedconv)
*ip = strtoimax(*gargv, &ep, 0);
else
*uip = strtoumax(*gargv, &ep, 0);
if (ep == *gargv) {
warnx2("%s: expected numeric value", *gargv, NULL);
rval = 1;
}
else if (*ep != '\0') {
warnx2("%s: not completely converted", *gargv, NULL);
rval = 1;
}
if (errno == ERANGE) {
warnx3("%s: %s", *gargv, strerror(ERANGE));
rval = 1;
}
++gargv;
return (rval);
}
static int
getfloating(long double *dp, int mod_ldbl)
{
char *ep;
int rval;
if (!*gargv) {
*dp = 0.0;
return (0);
}
if (**gargv == '"' || **gargv == '\'') {
*dp = asciicode();
return (0);
}
rval = 0;
errno = 0;
if (mod_ldbl)
*dp = strtold(*gargv, &ep);
else
*dp = strtod(*gargv, &ep);
if (ep == *gargv) {
warnx2("%s: expected numeric value", *gargv, NULL);
rval = 1;
} else if (*ep != '\0') {
warnx2("%s: not completely converted", *gargv, NULL);
rval = 1;
}
if (errno == ERANGE) {
warnx3("%s: %s", *gargv, strerror(ERANGE));
rval = 1;
}
++gargv;
return (rval);
}
static int
asciicode(void)
{
int ch;
ch = **gargv;
if (ch == '\'' || ch == '"')
ch = (*gargv)[1];
++gargv;
return (ch);
}
static void
usage(void)
{
(void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: printf format [arguments ...]\n");
}