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freebsd-src/sbin/newfs_msdos/mkfs_msdos.c
Stefan Eßer 17e85f5990 newfs_msdos: align to multiple of cluster size by default 
A previous commit aligned the start of the data area to a multiple of
the VM page size, in order to prevent extra buffers to be allocated
(which failed for 64 KB cluster size without this alignment).

Since a dependency on PAGE_SIZE caused compatibility issues, the
alignment was made conditional on this macro being defined, in the
previous commit. This lead to different behavior of this program
when built on FreeBSD vs. Linux (which does not define PAGE_SIZE).

This commit removes any use of PAGE_SIZE and instead always aligns
the start of the data area to a multiple of the cluster size.

The -A option is now implied, unless overridden by a specific number
of reserved sectors with the -r option.

Approved by:	kib
MFC after:	1 week
Differential Revision:	https://reviews.freebsd.org/D45436
2024-06-06 12:28:02 +02:00

1106 lines
32 KiB
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/*
* Copyright (c) 1998 Robert Nordier
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
* the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
* distribution.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR(S) ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS
* OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
* WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR(S) BE LIABLE FOR ANY
* DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE
* GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
* INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER
* IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
* OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN
* IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#include <sys/param.h>
#ifdef MAKEFS
/* In the makefs case we only want struct disklabel */
#include <sys/disk/bsd.h>
#else
#include <sys/fdcio.h>
#include <sys/disk.h>
#include <sys/disklabel.h>
#include <sys/mount.h>
#endif
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/sysctl.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <paths.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include "mkfs_msdos.h"
#define MAXU16 0xffff /* maximum unsigned 16-bit quantity */
#define BPN 4 /* bits per nibble */
#define NPB 2 /* nibbles per byte */
#define DOSMAGIC 0xaa55 /* DOS magic number */
#define MINBPS 512 /* minimum bytes per sector */
#define MAXBPS 4096 /* maximum bytes per sector */
#define MAXSPC 128 /* maximum sectors per cluster */
#define MAXNFT 16 /* maximum number of FATs */
#define DEFBLK 4096 /* default block size */
#define DEFBLK16 2048 /* default block size FAT16 */
#define DEFRDE 512 /* default root directory entries */
#define RESFTE 2 /* reserved FAT entries */
#define MINCLS12 1U /* minimum FAT12 clusters */
#define MINCLS16 0xff5U /* minimum FAT16 clusters */
#define MINCLS32 0xfff5U /* minimum FAT32 clusters */
#define MAXCLS12 0xff4U /* maximum FAT12 clusters */
#define MAXCLS16 0xfff4U /* maximum FAT16 clusters */
#define MAXCLS32 0xffffff4U /* maximum FAT32 clusters */
#define mincls(fat) ((fat) == 12 ? MINCLS12 : \
(fat) == 16 ? MINCLS16 : \
MINCLS32)
#define maxcls(fat) ((fat) == 12 ? MAXCLS12 : \
(fat) == 16 ? MAXCLS16 : \
MAXCLS32)
#define mk1(p, x) \
(p) = (u_int8_t)(x)
#define mk2(p, x) \
(p)[0] = (u_int8_t)(x), \
(p)[1] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 010)
#define mk4(p, x) \
(p)[0] = (u_int8_t)(x), \
(p)[1] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 010), \
(p)[2] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 020), \
(p)[3] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 030)
struct bs {
u_int8_t bsJump[3]; /* bootstrap entry point */
u_int8_t bsOemName[8]; /* OEM name and version */
} __packed;
struct bsbpb {
u_int8_t bpbBytesPerSec[2]; /* bytes per sector */
u_int8_t bpbSecPerClust; /* sectors per cluster */
u_int8_t bpbResSectors[2]; /* reserved sectors */
u_int8_t bpbFATs; /* number of FATs */
u_int8_t bpbRootDirEnts[2]; /* root directory entries */
u_int8_t bpbSectors[2]; /* total sectors */
u_int8_t bpbMedia; /* media descriptor */
u_int8_t bpbFATsecs[2]; /* sectors per FAT */
u_int8_t bpbSecPerTrack[2]; /* sectors per track */
u_int8_t bpbHeads[2]; /* drive heads */
u_int8_t bpbHiddenSecs[4]; /* hidden sectors */
u_int8_t bpbHugeSectors[4]; /* big total sectors */
} __packed;
struct bsxbpb {
u_int8_t bpbBigFATsecs[4]; /* big sectors per FAT */
u_int8_t bpbExtFlags[2]; /* FAT control flags */
u_int8_t bpbFSVers[2]; /* file system version */
u_int8_t bpbRootClust[4]; /* root directory start cluster */
u_int8_t bpbFSInfo[2]; /* file system info sector */
u_int8_t bpbBackup[2]; /* backup boot sector */
u_int8_t bpbReserved[12]; /* reserved */
} __packed;
struct bsx {
u_int8_t exDriveNumber; /* drive number */
u_int8_t exReserved1; /* reserved */
u_int8_t exBootSignature; /* extended boot signature */
u_int8_t exVolumeID[4]; /* volume ID number */
u_int8_t exVolumeLabel[11]; /* volume label */
u_int8_t exFileSysType[8]; /* file system type */
} __packed;
struct de {
u_int8_t deName[11]; /* name and extension */
u_int8_t deAttributes; /* attributes */
u_int8_t rsvd[10]; /* reserved */
u_int8_t deMTime[2]; /* last-modified time */
u_int8_t deMDate[2]; /* last-modified date */
u_int8_t deStartCluster[2]; /* starting cluster */
u_int8_t deFileSize[4]; /* size */
} __packed;
struct bpb {
u_int bpbBytesPerSec; /* bytes per sector */
u_int bpbSecPerClust; /* sectors per cluster */
u_int bpbResSectors; /* reserved sectors */
u_int bpbFATs; /* number of FATs */
u_int bpbRootDirEnts; /* root directory entries */
u_int bpbSectors; /* total sectors */
u_int bpbMedia; /* media descriptor */
u_int bpbFATsecs; /* sectors per FAT */
u_int bpbSecPerTrack; /* sectors per track */
u_int bpbHeads; /* drive heads */
u_int bpbHiddenSecs; /* hidden sectors */
u_int bpbHugeSectors; /* big total sectors */
u_int bpbBigFATsecs; /* big sectors per FAT */
u_int bpbRootClust; /* root directory start cluster */
u_int bpbFSInfo; /* file system info sector */
u_int bpbBackup; /* backup boot sector */
};
#define BPBGAP 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
static struct {
const char *name;
struct bpb bpb;
} const stdfmt[] = {
{"160", {512, 1, 1, 2, 64, 320, 0xfe, 1, 8, 1, BPBGAP}},
{"180", {512, 1, 1, 2, 64, 360, 0xfc, 2, 9, 1, BPBGAP}},
{"320", {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 640, 0xff, 1, 8, 2, BPBGAP}},
{"360", {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 720, 0xfd, 2, 9, 2, BPBGAP}},
{"640", {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 1280, 0xfb, 2, 8, 2, BPBGAP}},
{"720", {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 1440, 0xf9, 3, 9, 2, BPBGAP}},
{"1200", {512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2400, 0xf9, 7, 15, 2, BPBGAP}},
{"1232", {1024,1, 1, 2, 192, 1232, 0xfe, 2, 8, 2, BPBGAP}},
{"1440", {512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2880, 0xf0, 9, 18, 2, BPBGAP}},
{"2880", {512, 2, 1, 2, 240, 5760, 0xf0, 9, 36, 2, BPBGAP}}
};
static const u_int8_t bootcode[] = {
0xfa, /* cli */
0x31, 0xc0, /* xor ax,ax */
0x8e, 0xd0, /* mov ss,ax */
0xbc, 0x00, 0x7c, /* mov sp,7c00h */
0xfb, /* sti */
0x8e, 0xd8, /* mov ds,ax */
0xe8, 0x00, 0x00, /* call $ + 3 */
0x5e, /* pop si */
0x83, 0xc6, 0x19, /* add si,+19h */
0xbb, 0x07, 0x00, /* mov bx,0007h */
0xfc, /* cld */
0xac, /* lodsb */
0x84, 0xc0, /* test al,al */
0x74, 0x06, /* jz $ + 8 */
0xb4, 0x0e, /* mov ah,0eh */
0xcd, 0x10, /* int 10h */
0xeb, 0xf5, /* jmp $ - 9 */
0x30, 0xe4, /* xor ah,ah */
0xcd, 0x16, /* int 16h */
0xcd, 0x19, /* int 19h */
0x0d, 0x0a,
'N', 'o', 'n', '-', 's', 'y', 's', 't',
'e', 'm', ' ', 'd', 'i', 's', 'k',
0x0d, 0x0a,
'P', 'r', 'e', 's', 's', ' ', 'a', 'n',
'y', ' ', 'k', 'e', 'y', ' ', 't', 'o',
' ', 'r', 'e', 'b', 'o', 'o', 't',
0x0d, 0x0a,
0
};
static volatile sig_atomic_t got_siginfo;
static void infohandler(int);
#ifndef MAKEFS
static int check_mounted(const char *, mode_t);
#endif
static ssize_t getchunksize(void);
static int getstdfmt(const char *, struct bpb *);
static int getdiskinfo(int, const char *, const char *, int, struct bpb *);
static void print_bpb(struct bpb *);
static int ckgeom(const char *, u_int, const char *);
static void mklabel(u_int8_t *, const char *);
static int oklabel(const char *);
static void setstr(u_int8_t *, const char *, size_t);
int
mkfs_msdos(const char *fname, const char *dtype, const struct msdos_options *op)
{
char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
struct sigaction si_sa;
struct stat sb;
struct timeval tv;
struct bpb bpb;
struct tm *tm;
struct bs *bs;
struct bsbpb *bsbpb;
struct bsxbpb *bsxbpb;
struct bsx *bsx;
struct de *de;
u_int8_t *img;
u_int8_t *physbuf, *physbuf_end;
const char *bname;
ssize_t n;
time_t now;
u_int fat, bss, rds, cls, dir, lsn, x, x1, x2;
u_int extra_res, alignment, alignto, saved_x, attempts=0;
bool set_res, set_spf, set_spc;
int fd, fd1, rv;
struct msdos_options o = *op;
ssize_t chunksize;
physbuf = NULL;
rv = -1;
fd = fd1 = -1;
if (o.block_size && o.sectors_per_cluster) {
warnx("Cannot specify both block size and sectors per cluster");
goto done;
}
if (o.OEM_string && strlen(o.OEM_string) > 8) {
warnx("%s: bad OEM string", o.OEM_string);
goto done;
}
if (o.create_size) {
if (o.no_create) {
warnx("create (-C) is incompatible with -N");
goto done;
}
fd = open(fname, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644);
if (fd == -1) {
warnx("failed to create %s", fname);
goto done;
}
if (ftruncate(fd, o.create_size)) {
warnx("failed to initialize %jd bytes", (intmax_t)o.create_size);
goto done;
}
} else if ((fd = open(fname, o.no_create ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR)) == -1) {
warn("%s", fname);
goto done;
}
if (fstat(fd, &sb)) {
warn("%s", fname);
goto done;
}
if (o.create_size) {
if (!S_ISREG(sb.st_mode))
warnx("warning, %s is not a regular file", fname);
} else {
#ifdef MAKEFS
errx(1, "o.create_size must be set!");
#else
if (!S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode))
warnx("warning, %s is not a character device", fname);
#endif
}
#ifndef MAKEFS
if (!o.no_create)
if (check_mounted(fname, sb.st_mode) == -1)
goto done;
#endif
if (o.offset && o.offset != lseek(fd, o.offset, SEEK_SET)) {
warnx("cannot seek to %jd", (intmax_t)o.offset);
goto done;
}
memset(&bpb, 0, sizeof(bpb));
if (o.floppy) {
if (getstdfmt(o.floppy, &bpb) == -1)
goto done;
bpb.bpbHugeSectors = bpb.bpbSectors;
bpb.bpbSectors = 0;
bpb.bpbBigFATsecs = bpb.bpbFATsecs;
bpb.bpbFATsecs = 0;
}
if (o.drive_heads)
bpb.bpbHeads = o.drive_heads;
if (o.sectors_per_track)
bpb.bpbSecPerTrack = o.sectors_per_track;
if (o.bytes_per_sector)
bpb.bpbBytesPerSec = o.bytes_per_sector;
if (o.size)
bpb.bpbHugeSectors = o.size;
if (o.hidden_sectors_set)
bpb.bpbHiddenSecs = o.hidden_sectors;
if (!(o.floppy || (o.drive_heads && o.sectors_per_track &&
o.bytes_per_sector && o.size && o.hidden_sectors_set))) {
if (getdiskinfo(fd, fname, dtype, o.hidden_sectors_set, &bpb) == -1)
goto done;
bpb.bpbHugeSectors -= (o.offset / bpb.bpbBytesPerSec);
if (bpb.bpbSecPerClust == 0) { /* set defaults */
if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors <= 6000) /* about 3MB -> 512 bytes */
bpb.bpbSecPerClust = 1;
else if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors <= (1<<17)) /* 64M -> 4k */
bpb.bpbSecPerClust = 8;
else if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors <= (1<<19)) /* 256M -> 8k */
bpb.bpbSecPerClust = 16;
else if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors <= (1<<21)) /* 1G -> 16k */
bpb.bpbSecPerClust = 32;
else
bpb.bpbSecPerClust = 64; /* otherwise 32k */
}
}
if (bpb.bpbBytesPerSec < MINBPS ||
bpb.bpbBytesPerSec > MAXBPS ||
!powerof2(bpb.bpbBytesPerSec)) {
warnx("Invalid bytes/sector (%u): must be 512, 1024, 2048 or 4096",
bpb.bpbBytesPerSec);
goto done;
}
if (o.volume_label && !oklabel(o.volume_label)) {
warnx("%s: bad volume label", o.volume_label);
goto done;
}
if (!(fat = o.fat_type)) {
if (o.floppy)
fat = 12;
else if (!o.directory_entries && (o.info_sector || o.backup_sector))
fat = 32;
}
if ((fat == 32 && o.directory_entries) || (fat != 32 && (o.info_sector || o.backup_sector))) {
warnx("-%c is not a legal FAT%s option",
fat == 32 ? 'e' : o.info_sector ? 'i' : 'k',
fat == 32 ? "32" : "12/16");
goto done;
}
if (o.floppy && fat == 32)
bpb.bpbRootDirEnts = 0;
if (fat != 0 && fat != 12 && fat != 16 && fat != 32) {
warnx("%d: bad FAT type", fat);
goto done;
}
if (o.block_size) {
if (!powerof2(o.block_size)) {
warnx("block size (%u) is not a power of 2", o.block_size);
goto done;
}
if (o.block_size < bpb.bpbBytesPerSec) {
warnx("block size (%u) is too small; minimum is %u",
o.block_size, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec);
goto done;
}
if (o.block_size > bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * MAXSPC) {
warnx("block size (%u) is too large; maximum is %u",
o.block_size, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * MAXSPC);
goto done;
}
bpb.bpbSecPerClust = o.block_size / bpb.bpbBytesPerSec;
}
if (o.sectors_per_cluster) {
if (!powerof2(o.sectors_per_cluster)) {
warnx("sectors/cluster (%u) is not a power of 2",
o.sectors_per_cluster);
goto done;
}
bpb.bpbSecPerClust = o.sectors_per_cluster;
}
if (o.reserved_sectors)
bpb.bpbResSectors = o.reserved_sectors;
if (o.num_FAT) {
if (o.num_FAT > MAXNFT) {
warnx("number of FATs (%u) is too large; maximum is %u",
o.num_FAT, MAXNFT);
goto done;
}
bpb.bpbFATs = o.num_FAT;
}
if (o.directory_entries) {
bpb.bpbRootDirEnts = roundup(o.directory_entries,
bpb.bpbBytesPerSec / sizeof(struct de));
if (bpb.bpbBytesPerSec == 0 || o.directory_entries >= MAXU16)
bpb.bpbRootDirEnts = MAXU16;
}
if (o.media_descriptor_set) {
if (o.media_descriptor < 0xf0) {
warnx("illegal media descriptor (%#x)", o.media_descriptor);
goto done;
}
bpb.bpbMedia = o.media_descriptor;
}
if (o.sectors_per_fat)
bpb.bpbBigFATsecs = o.sectors_per_fat;
if (o.info_sector)
bpb.bpbFSInfo = o.info_sector;
if (o.backup_sector)
bpb.bpbBackup = o.backup_sector;
bss = 1;
bname = NULL;
fd1 = -1;
if (o.bootstrap) {
bname = o.bootstrap;
if (!strchr(bname, '/')) {
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/boot/%s", bname);
bname = buf;
}
if ((fd1 = open(bname, O_RDONLY)) == -1 || fstat(fd1, &sb)) {
warn("%s", bname);
goto done;
}
if (!S_ISREG(sb.st_mode) || sb.st_size % bpb.bpbBytesPerSec ||
sb.st_size < bpb.bpbBytesPerSec ||
sb.st_size > bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * MAXU16) {
warnx("%s: inappropriate file type or format", bname);
goto done;
}
bss = sb.st_size / bpb.bpbBytesPerSec;
}
if (!bpb.bpbFATs)
bpb.bpbFATs = 2;
if (!fat) {
if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors < (bpb.bpbResSectors ? bpb.bpbResSectors : bss) +
howmany((RESFTE + (bpb.bpbSecPerClust ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1)) *
(bpb.bpbSecPerClust ? 16 : 12) / BPN,
bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB) *
bpb.bpbFATs +
howmany(bpb.bpbRootDirEnts ? bpb.bpbRootDirEnts : DEFRDE,
bpb.bpbBytesPerSec / sizeof(struct de)) +
(bpb.bpbSecPerClust ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1) *
(bpb.bpbSecPerClust ? bpb.bpbSecPerClust :
howmany(DEFBLK, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec)))
fat = 12;
else if (bpb.bpbRootDirEnts || bpb.bpbHugeSectors <
(bpb.bpbResSectors ? bpb.bpbResSectors : bss) +
howmany((RESFTE + MAXCLS16) * 2, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec) *
bpb.bpbFATs +
howmany(DEFRDE, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec / sizeof(struct de)) +
(MAXCLS16 + 1) *
(bpb.bpbSecPerClust ? bpb.bpbSecPerClust :
howmany(8192, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec)))
fat = 16;
else
fat = 32;
}
x = bss;
if (fat == 32) {
if (!bpb.bpbFSInfo) {
if (x == MAXU16 || x == bpb.bpbBackup) {
warnx("no room for info sector");
goto done;
}
bpb.bpbFSInfo = x;
}
if (bpb.bpbFSInfo != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.bpbFSInfo)
x = bpb.bpbFSInfo + 1;
if (!bpb.bpbBackup) {
if (x == MAXU16) {
warnx("no room for backup sector");
goto done;
}
bpb.bpbBackup = x;
} else if (bpb.bpbBackup != MAXU16 && bpb.bpbBackup == bpb.bpbFSInfo) {
warnx("backup sector would overwrite info sector");
goto done;
}
if (bpb.bpbBackup != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.bpbBackup)
x = bpb.bpbBackup + 1;
}
extra_res = 0;
alignment = 0;
set_res = (bpb.bpbResSectors == 0);
set_spf = (bpb.bpbBigFATsecs == 0);
set_spc = (bpb.bpbSecPerClust == 0);
saved_x = x;
/*
* Attempt to align the root directory to cluster if o.align is set.
* This is done by padding with reserved blocks. Note that this can
* cause other factors to change, which can in turn change the alignment.
* This should take at most 2 iterations, as increasing the reserved
* amount may cause the FAT size to decrease by 1, requiring another
* bpbFATs reserved blocks. If bpbSecPerClust changes, it will
* be half of its previous size, and thus will not throw off alignment.
*/
do {
x = saved_x;
if (set_res)
bpb.bpbResSectors = ((fat == 32) ?
MAX(x, MAX(16384 / bpb.bpbBytesPerSec, 4)) : x) + extra_res;
else if (bpb.bpbResSectors < x) {
warnx("too few reserved sectors (need %d have %d)", x,
bpb.bpbResSectors);
goto done;
}
if (fat != 32 && !bpb.bpbRootDirEnts)
bpb.bpbRootDirEnts = DEFRDE;
rds = howmany(bpb.bpbRootDirEnts,
bpb.bpbBytesPerSec / sizeof(struct de));
if (set_spc) {
for (bpb.bpbSecPerClust = howmany(fat == 16 ? DEFBLK16 :
DEFBLK, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec);
bpb.bpbSecPerClust < MAXSPC && (bpb.bpbResSectors +
howmany((RESFTE + maxcls(fat)) * (fat / BPN),
bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB) * bpb.bpbFATs +
rds +
(u_int64_t) (maxcls(fat) + 1) * bpb.bpbSecPerClust) <=
bpb.bpbHugeSectors;
bpb.bpbSecPerClust <<= 1)
continue;
}
if (fat != 32 && bpb.bpbBigFATsecs > MAXU16) {
warnx("too many sectors/FAT for FAT12/16");
goto done;
}
x1 = bpb.bpbResSectors + rds;
x = bpb.bpbBigFATsecs ? bpb.bpbBigFATsecs : 1;
if (x1 + (u_int64_t)x * bpb.bpbFATs > bpb.bpbHugeSectors) {
warnx("meta data exceeds file system size");
goto done;
}
x1 += x * bpb.bpbFATs;
x = (u_int64_t)(bpb.bpbHugeSectors - x1) * bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB /
(bpb.bpbSecPerClust * bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB +
fat / BPN * bpb.bpbFATs);
x2 = howmany((RESFTE + MIN(x, maxcls(fat))) * (fat / BPN),
bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB);
if (set_spf) {
if (bpb.bpbBigFATsecs == 0)
bpb.bpbBigFATsecs = x2;
x1 += (bpb.bpbBigFATsecs - 1) * bpb.bpbFATs;
}
if (set_res) {
alignto = bpb.bpbSecPerClust;
if (alignto > 1) {
/* align data clusters */
alignment = (bpb.bpbResSectors + bpb.bpbBigFATsecs * bpb.bpbFATs + rds) %
alignto;
if (alignment != 0)
extra_res += alignto - alignment;
}
}
attempts++;
} while (alignment != 0 && attempts < 2);
if (o.align && alignment != 0)
warnx("warning: Alignment failed.");
cls = (bpb.bpbHugeSectors - x1) / bpb.bpbSecPerClust;
x = (u_int64_t)bpb.bpbBigFATsecs * bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB / (fat / BPN) -
RESFTE;
if (cls > x)
cls = x;
if (bpb.bpbBigFATsecs < x2)
warnx("warning: sectors/FAT limits file system to %u clusters",
cls);
if (cls < mincls(fat)) {
warnx("%u clusters too few clusters for FAT%u, need %u", cls, fat,
mincls(fat));
goto done;
}
if (cls > maxcls(fat)) {
cls = maxcls(fat);
bpb.bpbHugeSectors = x1 + (cls + 1) * bpb.bpbSecPerClust - 1;
warnx("warning: FAT type limits file system to %u sectors",
bpb.bpbHugeSectors);
}
printf("%s: %u sector%s in %u FAT%u cluster%s "
"(%u bytes/cluster)\n", fname, cls * bpb.bpbSecPerClust,
cls * bpb.bpbSecPerClust == 1 ? "" : "s", cls, fat,
cls == 1 ? "" : "s", bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * bpb.bpbSecPerClust);
if (!bpb.bpbMedia)
bpb.bpbMedia = !bpb.bpbHiddenSecs ? 0xf0 : 0xf8;
if (fat == 32)
bpb.bpbRootClust = RESFTE;
if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors <= MAXU16) {
bpb.bpbSectors = bpb.bpbHugeSectors;
bpb.bpbHugeSectors = 0;
}
if (fat != 32) {
bpb.bpbFATsecs = bpb.bpbBigFATsecs;
bpb.bpbBigFATsecs = 0;
}
print_bpb(&bpb);
if (!o.no_create) {
if (o.timestamp_set) {
tv.tv_sec = now = o.timestamp;
tv.tv_usec = 0;
tm = gmtime(&now);
} else {
gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
now = tv.tv_sec;
tm = localtime(&now);
}
chunksize = getchunksize();
physbuf = malloc(chunksize);
if (physbuf == NULL) {
warn(NULL);
goto done;
}
physbuf_end = physbuf + chunksize;
img = physbuf;
dir = bpb.bpbResSectors + (bpb.bpbFATsecs ? bpb.bpbFATsecs :
bpb.bpbBigFATsecs) * bpb.bpbFATs;
memset(&si_sa, 0, sizeof(si_sa));
si_sa.sa_handler = infohandler;
#ifdef SIGINFO
if (sigaction(SIGINFO, &si_sa, NULL) == -1) {
warn("sigaction SIGINFO");
goto done;
}
#endif
for (lsn = 0; lsn < dir + (fat == 32 ? bpb.bpbSecPerClust : rds); lsn++) {
if (got_siginfo) {
fprintf(stderr,"%s: writing sector %u of %u (%u%%)\n",
fname, lsn,
(dir + (fat == 32 ? bpb.bpbSecPerClust: rds)),
(lsn * 100) / (dir +
(fat == 32 ? bpb.bpbSecPerClust: rds)));
got_siginfo = 0;
}
x = lsn;
if (o.bootstrap &&
fat == 32 && bpb.bpbBackup != MAXU16 &&
bss <= bpb.bpbBackup && x >= bpb.bpbBackup) {
x -= bpb.bpbBackup;
if (!x && lseek(fd1, o.offset, SEEK_SET)) {
warn("%s", bname);
goto done;
}
}
if (o.bootstrap && x < bss) {
if ((n = read(fd1, img, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec)) == -1) {
warn("%s", bname);
goto done;
}
if ((unsigned)n != bpb.bpbBytesPerSec) {
warnx("%s: can't read sector %u", bname, x);
goto done;
}
} else
memset(img, 0, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec);
if (!lsn ||
(fat == 32 && bpb.bpbBackup != MAXU16 &&
lsn == bpb.bpbBackup)) {
x1 = sizeof(struct bs);
bsbpb = (struct bsbpb *)(img + x1);
mk2(bsbpb->bpbBytesPerSec, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec);
mk1(bsbpb->bpbSecPerClust, bpb.bpbSecPerClust);
mk2(bsbpb->bpbResSectors, bpb.bpbResSectors);
mk1(bsbpb->bpbFATs, bpb.bpbFATs);
mk2(bsbpb->bpbRootDirEnts, bpb.bpbRootDirEnts);
mk2(bsbpb->bpbSectors, bpb.bpbSectors);
mk1(bsbpb->bpbMedia, bpb.bpbMedia);
mk2(bsbpb->bpbFATsecs, bpb.bpbFATsecs);
mk2(bsbpb->bpbSecPerTrack, bpb.bpbSecPerTrack);
mk2(bsbpb->bpbHeads, bpb.bpbHeads);
mk4(bsbpb->bpbHiddenSecs, bpb.bpbHiddenSecs);
mk4(bsbpb->bpbHugeSectors, bpb.bpbHugeSectors);
x1 += sizeof(struct bsbpb);
if (fat == 32) {
bsxbpb = (struct bsxbpb *)(img + x1);
mk4(bsxbpb->bpbBigFATsecs, bpb.bpbBigFATsecs);
mk2(bsxbpb->bpbExtFlags, 0);
mk2(bsxbpb->bpbFSVers, 0);
mk4(bsxbpb->bpbRootClust, bpb.bpbRootClust);
mk2(bsxbpb->bpbFSInfo, bpb.bpbFSInfo);
mk2(bsxbpb->bpbBackup, bpb.bpbBackup);
x1 += sizeof(struct bsxbpb);
}
bsx = (struct bsx *)(img + x1);
mk1(bsx->exBootSignature, 0x29);
if (o.volume_id_set)
x = o.volume_id;
else
x = (((u_int)(1 + tm->tm_mon) << 8 |
(u_int)tm->tm_mday) +
((u_int)tm->tm_sec << 8 |
(u_int)(tv.tv_usec / 10))) << 16 |
((u_int)(1900 + tm->tm_year) +
((u_int)tm->tm_hour << 8 |
(u_int)tm->tm_min));
mk4(bsx->exVolumeID, x);
mklabel(bsx->exVolumeLabel, o.volume_label ? o.volume_label : "NO NAME");
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "FAT%u", fat);
setstr(bsx->exFileSysType, buf, sizeof(bsx->exFileSysType));
if (!o.bootstrap) {
x1 += sizeof(struct bsx);
bs = (struct bs *)img;
mk1(bs->bsJump[0], 0xeb);
mk1(bs->bsJump[1], x1 - 2);
mk1(bs->bsJump[2], 0x90);
setstr(bs->bsOemName, o.OEM_string ? o.OEM_string : "BSD4.4 ",
sizeof(bs->bsOemName));
memcpy(img + x1, bootcode, sizeof(bootcode));
mk2(img + MINBPS - 2, DOSMAGIC);
}
} else if (fat == 32 && bpb.bpbFSInfo != MAXU16 &&
(lsn == bpb.bpbFSInfo ||
(bpb.bpbBackup != MAXU16 &&
lsn == bpb.bpbBackup + bpb.bpbFSInfo))) {
mk4(img, 0x41615252);
mk4(img + MINBPS - 28, 0x61417272);
mk4(img + MINBPS - 24, 0xffffffff);
mk4(img + MINBPS - 20, 0xffffffff);
mk2(img + MINBPS - 2, DOSMAGIC);
} else if (lsn >= bpb.bpbResSectors && lsn < dir &&
!((lsn - bpb.bpbResSectors) %
(bpb.bpbFATsecs ? bpb.bpbFATsecs :
bpb.bpbBigFATsecs))) {
mk1(img[0], bpb.bpbMedia);
for (x = 1; x < fat * (fat == 32 ? 3 : 2) / 8; x++)
mk1(img[x], fat == 32 && x % 4 == 3 ? 0x0f : 0xff);
} else if (lsn == dir && o.volume_label) {
de = (struct de *)img;
mklabel(de->deName, o.volume_label);
mk1(de->deAttributes, 050);
x = (u_int)tm->tm_hour << 11 |
(u_int)tm->tm_min << 5 |
(u_int)tm->tm_sec >> 1;
mk2(de->deMTime, x);
x = (u_int)(tm->tm_year - 80) << 9 |
(u_int)(tm->tm_mon + 1) << 5 |
(u_int)tm->tm_mday;
mk2(de->deMDate, x);
}
/*
* Issue a write of chunksize once we have collected
* enough sectors.
*/
img += bpb.bpbBytesPerSec;
if (img >= physbuf_end) {
n = write(fd, physbuf, chunksize);
if (n != chunksize) {
warnx("%s: can't write sector %u", fname, lsn);
goto done;
}
img = physbuf;
}
}
/*
* Write remaining sectors, if the last write didn't end
* up filling a whole chunk.
*/
if (img != physbuf) {
ssize_t tailsize = img - physbuf;
n = write(fd, physbuf, tailsize);
if (n != tailsize) {
warnx("%s: can't write sector %u", fname, lsn);
goto done;
}
}
}
rv = 0;
done:
free(physbuf);
if (fd != -1)
close(fd);
if (fd1 != -1)
close(fd1);
return rv;
}
/*
* return -1 with error if file system is mounted.
*/
#ifndef MAKEFS
static int
check_mounted(const char *fname, mode_t mode)
{
/*
* If getmntinfo() is not available (e.g. Linux) don't check. This should
* not be a problem since we will only be using makefs to create images.
*/
struct statfs *mp;
const char *s1, *s2;
size_t len;
int n, r;
if (!(n = getmntinfo(&mp, MNT_NOWAIT))) {
warn("getmntinfo");
return -1;
}
len = strlen(_PATH_DEV);
s1 = fname;
if (!strncmp(s1, _PATH_DEV, len))
s1 += len;
r = S_ISCHR(mode) && s1 != fname && *s1 == 'r';
for (; n--; mp++) {
s2 = mp->f_mntfromname;
if (!strncmp(s2, _PATH_DEV, len))
s2 += len;
if ((r && s2 != mp->f_mntfromname && !strcmp(s1 + 1, s2)) ||
!strcmp(s1, s2)) {
warnx("%s is mounted on %s", fname, mp->f_mntonname);
return -1;
}
}
return 0;
}
#endif
/*
* Get optimal I/O size
*/
static ssize_t
getchunksize(void)
{
static ssize_t chunksize;
if (chunksize != 0)
return (chunksize);
#ifdef KERN_MAXPHYS
int mib[2];
size_t len;
mib[0] = CTL_KERN;
mib[1] = KERN_MAXPHYS;
len = sizeof(chunksize);
if (sysctl(mib, 2, &chunksize, &len, NULL, 0) == -1) {
warn("sysctl: KERN_MAXPHYS, using %zu", (size_t)MAXPHYS);
chunksize = 0;
}
#endif
if (chunksize == 0)
chunksize = MAXPHYS;
/*
* For better performance, we want to write larger chunks instead of
* individual sectors (the size can only be 512, 1024, 2048 or 4096
* bytes). Assert that chunksize can always hold an integer number of
* sectors by asserting that both are power of two numbers and the
* chunksize is greater than MAXBPS.
*/
static_assert(powerof2(MAXBPS), "MAXBPS is not power of 2");
assert(powerof2(chunksize));
assert(chunksize > MAXBPS);
return (chunksize);
}
/*
* Get a standard format.
*/
static int
getstdfmt(const char *fmt, struct bpb *bpb)
{
u_int x, i;
x = nitems(stdfmt);
for (i = 0; i < x && strcmp(fmt, stdfmt[i].name); i++);
if (i == x) {
warnx("%s: unknown standard format", fmt);
return -1;
}
*bpb = stdfmt[i].bpb;
return 0;
}
static void
compute_geometry_from_file(int fd, const char *fname, struct disklabel *lp)
{
struct stat st;
off_t ms;
if (fstat(fd, &st))
err(1, "cannot get disk size");
if (!S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
errx(1, "%s is not a regular file", fname);
ms = st.st_size;
lp->d_secsize = 512;
lp->d_nsectors = 63;
lp->d_ntracks = 255;
lp->d_secperunit = ms / lp->d_secsize;
}
/*
* Get disk slice, partition, and geometry information.
*/
static int
getdiskinfo(int fd, const char *fname, const char *dtype, __unused int oflag,
struct bpb *bpb)
{
struct disklabel *lp, dlp;
off_t hs = 0;
#ifndef MAKEFS
off_t ms;
struct fd_type type;
lp = NULL;
/* If the user specified a disk type, try to use that */
if (dtype != NULL) {
lp = getdiskbyname(dtype);
}
/* Maybe it's a floppy drive */
if (lp == NULL) {
if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &ms) == -1) {
/* create a fake geometry for a file image */
compute_geometry_from_file(fd, fname, &dlp);
lp = &dlp;
} else if (ioctl(fd, FD_GTYPE, &type) != -1) {
dlp.d_secsize = 128 << type.secsize;
dlp.d_nsectors = type.sectrac;
dlp.d_ntracks = type.heads;
dlp.d_secperunit = ms / dlp.d_secsize;
lp = &dlp;
}
}
/* Maybe it's a fixed drive */
if (lp == NULL) {
if (bpb->bpbBytesPerSec)
dlp.d_secsize = bpb->bpbBytesPerSec;
if (bpb->bpbBytesPerSec == 0 && ioctl(fd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE,
&dlp.d_secsize) == -1)
err(1, "cannot get sector size");
dlp.d_secperunit = ms / dlp.d_secsize;
if (bpb->bpbSecPerTrack == 0 && ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWSECTORS,
&dlp.d_nsectors) == -1) {
warn("cannot get number of sectors per track");
dlp.d_nsectors = 63;
}
if (bpb->bpbHeads == 0 &&
ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWHEADS, &dlp.d_ntracks) == -1) {
warn("cannot get number of heads");
if (dlp.d_secperunit <= 63*1*1024)
dlp.d_ntracks = 1;
else if (dlp.d_secperunit <= 63*16*1024)
dlp.d_ntracks = 16;
else
dlp.d_ntracks = 255;
}
hs = (ms / dlp.d_secsize) - dlp.d_secperunit;
lp = &dlp;
}
#else
(void)dtype;
/* In the makefs case we only support image files: */
compute_geometry_from_file(fd, fname, &dlp);
lp = &dlp;
#endif
if (bpb->bpbBytesPerSec == 0) {
if (ckgeom(fname, lp->d_secsize, "bytes/sector") == -1)
return -1;
bpb->bpbBytesPerSec = lp->d_secsize;
}
if (bpb->bpbSecPerTrack == 0) {
if (ckgeom(fname, lp->d_nsectors, "sectors/track") == -1)
return -1;
bpb->bpbSecPerTrack = lp->d_nsectors;
}
if (bpb->bpbHeads == 0) {
if (ckgeom(fname, lp->d_ntracks, "drive heads") == -1)
return -1;
bpb->bpbHeads = lp->d_ntracks;
}
if (bpb->bpbHugeSectors == 0)
bpb->bpbHugeSectors = lp->d_secperunit;
if (bpb->bpbHiddenSecs == 0)
bpb->bpbHiddenSecs = hs;
return 0;
}
/*
* Print out BPB values.
*/
static void
print_bpb(struct bpb *bpb)
{
printf("BytesPerSec=%u SecPerClust=%u ResSectors=%u FATs=%u",
bpb->bpbBytesPerSec, bpb->bpbSecPerClust, bpb->bpbResSectors,
bpb->bpbFATs);
if (bpb->bpbRootDirEnts)
printf(" RootDirEnts=%u", bpb->bpbRootDirEnts);
if (bpb->bpbSectors)
printf(" Sectors=%u", bpb->bpbSectors);
printf(" Media=%#x", bpb->bpbMedia);
if (bpb->bpbFATsecs)
printf(" FATsecs=%u", bpb->bpbFATsecs);
printf(" SecPerTrack=%u Heads=%u HiddenSecs=%u", bpb->bpbSecPerTrack,
bpb->bpbHeads, bpb->bpbHiddenSecs);
if (bpb->bpbHugeSectors)
printf(" HugeSectors=%u", bpb->bpbHugeSectors);
if (!bpb->bpbFATsecs) {
printf(" FATsecs=%u RootCluster=%u", bpb->bpbBigFATsecs,
bpb->bpbRootClust);
printf(" FSInfo=");
printf(bpb->bpbFSInfo == MAXU16 ? "%#x" : "%u", bpb->bpbFSInfo);
printf(" Backup=");
printf(bpb->bpbBackup == MAXU16 ? "%#x" : "%u", bpb->bpbBackup);
}
printf("\n");
}
/*
* Check a disk geometry value.
*/
static int
ckgeom(const char *fname, u_int val, const char *msg)
{
if (!val) {
warnx("%s: no default %s", fname, msg);
return -1;
}
if (val > MAXU16) {
warnx("%s: illegal %s %d", fname, msg, val);
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
/*
* Check a volume label.
*/
static int
oklabel(const char *src)
{
int c, i;
for (i = 0; i <= 11; i++) {
c = (u_char)*src++;
if (c < ' ' + !i || strchr("\"*+,./:;<=>?[\\]|", c))
break;
}
return i && !c;
}
/*
* Make a volume label.
*/
static void
mklabel(u_int8_t *dest, const char *src)
{
int c, i;
for (i = 0; i < 11; i++) {
c = *src ? toupper(*src++) : ' ';
*dest++ = !i && c == '\xe5' ? 5 : c;
}
}
/*
* Copy string, padding with spaces.
*/
static void
setstr(u_int8_t *dest, const char *src, size_t len)
{
while (len--)
*dest++ = *src ? *src++ : ' ';
}
static void
infohandler(int sig __unused)
{
got_siginfo = 1;
}
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