mirror of
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531 lines
12 KiB
Groff
531 lines
12 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 1985, 1991, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\" Copyright (c) 2002 - 2015 Tony Finch <dot@dotat.at>. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
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.\" Dave Yost. It was rewritten to support ANSI C by Tony Finch.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.Dd December 3, 2015
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.Dt UNIFDEF 1 PRM
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.Os " "
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm unifdef , unifdefall
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.Nd remove preprocessor conditionals from code
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm
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.Op Fl bBcdehKkmnsStV
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.Op Fl I Ns Ar path
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.Op Fl [i]D Ns Ar sym Ns Op = Ns Ar val
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.Op Fl [i]U Ns Ar sym
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.Ar ...
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.Op Fl f Ar defile
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.Op Fl x Bro Ar 012 Brc
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.Op Fl M Ar backext
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.Op Fl o Ar outfile
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.Op Ar infile ...
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.Nm unifdefall
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.Op Fl I Ns Ar path
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.Ar ...
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.Ar file
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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utility selectively processes conditional
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.Xr cpp 1
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directives.
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It removes from a file
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both the directives
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and any additional text that they specify should be removed,
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while otherwise leaving the file alone.
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm
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utility acts on
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.Ic #if , #ifdef , #ifndef ,
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.Ic #elif , #else ,
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and
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.Ic #endif
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lines,
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using macros specified in
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.Fl D
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and
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.Fl U
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command line options or in
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.Fl f
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definitions files.
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A directive is processed
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if the macro specifications are sufficient to provide
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a definite value for its control expression.
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If the result is false,
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the directive and the following lines under its control are removed.
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If the result is true,
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only the directive is removed.
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An
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.Ic #ifdef
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or
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.Ic #ifndef
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directive is passed through unchanged
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if its controlling macro is not specified.
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Any
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.Ic #if
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or
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.Ic #elif
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control expression that has an unknown value or that
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.Nm
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cannot parse is passed through unchanged.
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By default,
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.Nm
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ignores
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.Ic #if
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and
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.Ic #elif
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lines with constant expressions;
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it can be told to process them by specifying the
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.Fl k
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flag on the command line.
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.Pp
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It understands a commonly-used subset
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of the expression syntax for
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.Ic #if
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and
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.Ic #elif
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lines:
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integer constants,
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integer values of macros defined on the command line,
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the
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.Fn defined
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operator,
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the operators
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.Ic \&! , ~ , -
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(unary),
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.Ic * , / , % , + , - ,
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.Ic < , <= , > , >= , == , != , & , ^ , \&| ,
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.Ic && , || ,
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and parenthesized expressions.
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Division by zero is treated as an unknown value.
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A kind of
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.Dq "short circuit"
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evaluation is used for the
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.Ic &&
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operator:
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if either operand is definitely false then the result is false,
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even if the value of the other operand is unknown.
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Similarly,
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if either operand of
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.Ic ||
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is definitely true then the result is true.
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.Pp
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When evaluating an expression,
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.Nm
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does not expand macros first.
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The value of a macro must be a simple number,
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not an expression.
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A limited form of indirection is allowed,
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where one macro's value is the name of another.
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.Pp
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In most cases,
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.Nm
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does not distinguish between object-like macros
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(without arguments) and function-like macros (with arguments).
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A function-like macro invocation can appear in
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.Ic #if
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and
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.Ic #elif
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control expressions.
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If the macro is not explicitly defined,
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or is defined with the
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.Fl D
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flag on the command-line,
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or with
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.Ic #define
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in a
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.Fl f
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definitions file,
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its arguments are ignored.
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If a macro is explicitly undefined on the command line with the
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.Fl U
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flag,
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or with
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.Ic #undef
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in a
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.Fl f
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definitions file,
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it may not have any arguments since this leads to a syntax error.
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm
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utility understands just enough about C
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to know when one of the directives is inactive
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because it is inside
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a comment,
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or cannot be evaluated because it is split by a backslash-continued line.
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It spots unusually-formatted preprocessor directives
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and passes them through unchanged when the layout is too odd for it to handle.
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(See the
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.Sx BUGS
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section below.)
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.Pp
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A script called
|
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.Nm unifdefall
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can be used to remove all conditional
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.Xr cpp 1
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directives from a file.
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It uses
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.Nm Fl s
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and
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.Nm cpp Fl dM
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to get lists of all the controlling macros
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and their definitions (or lack thereof),
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then invokes
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.Nm
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with appropriate arguments to process the file.
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.Sh OPTIONS
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.Bl -tag -width indent -compact
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.It Fl D Ns Ar sym Ns = Ns Ar val
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Specify that a macro is defined to a given value.
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.Pp
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.It Fl D Ns Ar sym
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Specify that a macro is defined to the value 1.
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.Pp
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.It Fl U Ns Ar sym
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Specify that a macro is undefined.
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.Pp
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If the same macro appears in more than one argument,
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the last occurrence dominates.
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.Pp
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.It Fl iD Ns Ar sym Ns Op = Ns Ar val
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.It Fl iU Ns Ar sym
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C strings, comments,
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and line continuations
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are ignored within
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.Ic #ifdef
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and
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.Ic #ifndef
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blocks
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controlled by macros
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specified with these options.
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.Pp
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.It Fl f Ar defile
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The file
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.Ar defile
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contains
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.Ic #define
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and
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.Ic #undef
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preprocessor directives,
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which have the same effect as the corresponding
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.Fl D
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and
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.Fl U
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command-line arguments.
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You can have multiple
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.Fl f
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arguments and mix them with
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.Fl D
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and
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.Fl U
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arguments;
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|
later options override earlier ones.
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|
.Pp
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Each directive must be on a single line.
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|
Object-like macro definitions (without arguments)
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are set to the given value.
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|
Function-like macro definitions (with arguments)
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|
are treated as if they are set to 1.
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.Pp
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|
.Em Warning:
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|
string literals and character constants are not parsed correctly in
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.Fl f
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files.
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.Pp
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|
.It Fl b
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Replace removed lines with blank lines
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instead of deleting them.
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|
Mutually exclusive with the
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.Fl B
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option.
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|
.Pp
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|
.It Fl B
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Compress blank lines around a deleted section.
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|
Mutually exclusive with the
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.Fl b
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option.
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.Pp
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.It Fl c
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Complement,
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|
i.e., lines that would have been removed or blanked
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|
are retained and vice versa.
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.Pp
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|
.It Fl d
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Turn on printing of debugging messages.
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.Pp
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.It Fl e
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By default,
|
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.Nm
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|
will report an error if it needs to remove
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|
a preprocessor directive that spans more than one line,
|
|
for example, if it has a multi-line
|
|
comment hanging off its right hand end.
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|
The
|
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.Fl e
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flag makes it ignore the line instead.
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.Pp
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.It Fl h
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Print help.
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.Pp
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.It Fl I Ns Ar path
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Specifies to
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.Nm unifdefall
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an additional place to look for
|
|
.Ic #include
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files.
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|
This option is ignored by
|
|
.Nm
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|
for compatibility with
|
|
.Xr cpp 1
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and to simplify the implementation of
|
|
.Nm unifdefall .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Fl K
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|
Always treat the result of
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|
.Ic &&
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and
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|
.Ic ||
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|
operators as unknown if either operand is unknown,
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|
instead of short-circuiting when unknown operands can't affect the result.
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|
This option is for compatibility with older versions of
|
|
.Nm .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Fl k
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|
Process
|
|
.Ic #if
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and
|
|
.Ic #elif
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|
lines with constant expressions.
|
|
By default, sections controlled by such lines are passed through unchanged
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|
because they typically start
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|
.Dq Li "#if 0"
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|
and are used as a kind of comment to sketch out future or past development.
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|
It would be rude to strip them out, just as it would be for normal comments.
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|
.Pp
|
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.It Fl m
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Modify one or more input files in place.
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|
If an input file is not modified,
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|
the original is preserved instead of being overwritten with an identical copy.
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|
.Pp
|
|
.It Fl M Ar backext
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|
Modify input files in place, and keep backups of the original files by
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|
appending the
|
|
.Ar backext
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|
to the input filenames.
|
|
A zero length
|
|
.Ar backext
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|
behaves the same as the
|
|
.Fl m
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|
option.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Fl n
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|
Add
|
|
.Li #line
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directives to the output following any deleted lines,
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|
so that errors produced when compiling the output file correspond to
|
|
line numbers in the input file.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Fl o Ar outfile
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|
Write output to the file
|
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.Ar outfile
|
|
instead of the standard output when processing a single file.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Fl s
|
|
Instead of processing an input file as usual,
|
|
this option causes
|
|
.Nm
|
|
to produce a list of macros that are used in
|
|
preprocessor directive controlling expressions.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Fl S
|
|
Like the
|
|
.Fl s
|
|
option, but the nesting depth of each macro is also printed.
|
|
This is useful for working out the number of possible combinations
|
|
of interdependent defined/undefined macros.
|
|
.Pp
|
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.It Fl t
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Disables parsing for C strings, comments,
|
|
and line continuations,
|
|
which is useful
|
|
for plain text.
|
|
This is a blanket version of the
|
|
.Fl iD
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and
|
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.Fl iU
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flags.
|
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.Pp
|
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.It Fl V
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Print version details.
|
|
.Pp
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.It Fl x Bro Ar 012 Brc
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Set exit status mode to zero, one, or two.
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See the
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.Sx EXIT STATUS
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|
section below for details.
|
|
.El
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.Pp
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The
|
|
.Nm
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utility takes its input from
|
|
.Em stdin
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if there are no
|
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.Ar file
|
|
arguments.
|
|
You must use the
|
|
.Fl m
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or
|
|
.Fl M
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options if there are multiple input files.
|
|
You can specify input from stdin or output to stdout with
|
|
.Ql - .
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|
.Pp
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
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utility works nicely with the
|
|
.Fl D Ns Ar sym
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option of
|
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.Xr diff 1 .
|
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.Sh EXIT STATUS
|
|
In normal usage the
|
|
.Nm
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|
utility's exit status depends on the mode set using the
|
|
.Fl x
|
|
option.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If the exit mode is zero (the default) then
|
|
.Nm
|
|
exits with status 0 if the output is an exact copy of the input,
|
|
or with status 1 if the output differs.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If the exit mode is one,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
exits with status 1 if the output is unmodified
|
|
or 0 if it differs.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If the exit mode is two,
|
|
.Nm
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|
exits with status zero in both cases.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
In all exit modes,
|
|
.Nm
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|
exits with status 2 if there is an error.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The exit status is 0 if the
|
|
.Fl h
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|
or
|
|
.Fl V
|
|
command line options are given.
|
|
.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
|
|
.Bl -item
|
|
.It
|
|
.Tn EOF
|
|
in comment
|
|
.It
|
|
Inappropriate
|
|
.Ic #elif ,
|
|
.Ic #else
|
|
or
|
|
.Ic #endif
|
|
.It
|
|
Missing macro name in #define or #undef
|
|
.It
|
|
Obfuscated preprocessor control line
|
|
.It
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|
Premature
|
|
.Tn EOF
|
|
(with the line number of the most recent unterminated
|
|
.Ic #if )
|
|
.It
|
|
Too many levels of nesting
|
|
.It
|
|
Unrecognized preprocessor directive
|
|
.It
|
|
Unterminated char or string literal
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
|
.Xr cpp 1 ,
|
|
.Xr diff 1
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The unifdef home page is
|
|
.Pa http://dotat.at/prog/unifdef
|
|
.Sh HISTORY
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
command appeared in
|
|
.Bx 2.9 .
|
|
.Tn ANSI\~C
|
|
support was added in
|
|
.Fx 4.7 .
|
|
.Sh AUTHORS
|
|
.An -nosplit
|
|
The original implementation was written by
|
|
.An Dave Yost Aq Mt Dave@Yost.com .
|
|
.An Tony Finch Aq Mt dot@dotat.at
|
|
rewrote it to support
|
|
.Tn ANSI\~C .
|
|
.Sh BUGS
|
|
.Bl -bullet
|
|
.It
|
|
Expression evaluation is very limited.
|
|
.It
|
|
Character constants are not evaluated.
|
|
String literals and character constants in
|
|
.Fl f
|
|
definition files are ignored rather than parsed as
|
|
part of a macro's replacement tokens.
|
|
.It
|
|
Only the basic form of C++ raw string literals is recognized,
|
|
like
|
|
.Li R"(string)"
|
|
without delimiters as in
|
|
.Li R"delimiter(string)delimiter" .
|
|
.It
|
|
Source files are processed one line at a time,
|
|
so preprocessor directives split across more than one physical line
|
|
(because of comments or backslash-newline)
|
|
cannot be handled in every situation.
|
|
.It
|
|
Trigraphs are not recognized.
|
|
.It
|
|
There is no support for macros with different definitions at
|
|
different points in the source file.
|
|
.It
|
|
The text-mode and ignore functionality does not correspond to modern
|
|
.Xr cpp 1
|
|
behaviour.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Please send bug reports by email to
|
|
.Aq Mt dot@dotat.at .
|