Add built-in ccache build support via WITH_CCACHE_BUILD option.

ccache is mostly beneficial for frequent builds where -DNO_CLEAN is not used to achieve a safe pseudo-incremental build. This is explained in more detail upstream [1] [2]. It incurs about a 20%-28% hit to populate the cache, but with a full cache saves 30-50% in build times. When combined with the WITH_FAST_DEPEND feature it saves up to 65% since ccache does cache the resulting dependency file, which it does not do when using mkdep(1)/'CC -E'. Stats are provided at the end of this message. This removes the need to modify /etc/make.conf with the CC:= and CXX:= lines which conflicted with external compiler support [3] (causing the bootstrap compiler to not be built which lead to obscure failures [4]), incorrectly invoked ccache in various stages, required CCACHE_CPP2 to avoid Clang errors with parenthesis, and did not work with META_MODE. The option name was picked to match the existing option in ports. This feature is available for both in-src and out-of-src builds that use /usr/share/mk. Linking, assembly compiles, and pre-processing avoid using ccache since it is only overhead. ccache does nothing special in these modes, although there is no harm in calling it for them. CCACHE_COMPILERCHECK is set to 'content' when using the in-tree bootstrap compiler to hash the content of the compiler binary to determine if it should be a cache miss. For external compilers the 'mtime' option is used as it is more efficient and likely to be correct. Future work may optimize the 'content' check using the same checks as whether a bootstrap compiler is needed to be built. The CCACHE_CPP2 pessimization is currently default in our devel/ccache port due to Clang requiring it. Clang's -Wparentheses-equality, -Wtautological-compare, and -Wself-assign warnings do not mix well with compiling already-pre-processed code that may have expanded macros that trigger the warnings. GCC has so far not had this issue so it is allowed to disable the CCACHE_CPP2 default in our port. Sharing a cache between multiple checkouts, or systems, is explained in the ccache manual. Sharing a cache over NFS would likely not be worth it, but syncing cache directories between systems may be useful for an organization. There is also a memcached backend available [5]. Due to using an object directory outside of the source directory though you will need to ensure that both are in the same prefix and all users use the same layout. A possible working layout is as follows: Source: /some/prefix/src1 Source: /some/prefix/src2 Source: /some/prefix/src3 Objdir: /some/prefix/obj Environment: CCACHE_BASEDIR='${SRCTOP:H}' MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX='${SRCTOP:H}/obj' This will use src*/../obj as the MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX and tells ccache to replace all absolute paths to be relative. Using something like this is required due to -I and -o flags containing both SRC and OBJDIR absolute paths that ccache adds into its hash for the object without CCACHE_BASEDIR. distcc can be hooked into by setting CCACHE_PREFIX=/usr/local/bin/distcc. I have not personally tested this and assume it will not mix well with using the bootstrap compiler. The cache from buildworld can be reused in a subdir by first running 'make buildenv' (from r290424). Note that the cache is currently different depending on whether -j is used or not due to ccache enabling -fdiagnostics-color automatically if stderr is a TTY, which bmake only does if not using -j. The system I used for testing was: WITNESS Build options: -j20 WITH_LLDB=yes WITH_DEBUG_FILES=yes WITH_CCACHE_BUILD=yes DISK: ZFS 3-way mirror with very slow disks using SSD l2arc/log. The arc was fully populated with src tree files and ccache objects. RAM: 76GiB CPU: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU L5520 @2.27GHz 2 package(s) x 4 core(s) x 2 SMT threads = hw.ncpu=16 The WITH_FAST_DEPEND feature was used for comparison here as well to show the dramatic time savings with a full cache. buildworld: x buildworld-before + buildworld-ccache-empty * buildworld-ccache-full % buildworld-ccache-full-fastdep # buildworld-fastdep +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ |% * # +| |% * # +| |% * # xxx +| | |A | | A| | A | |A | | A | +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ N Min Max Median Avg Stddev x 3 3744.13 3794.31 3752.25 3763.5633 26.935139 + 3 4519 4525.04 4520.73 4521.59 3.1104823 Difference at 95.0% confidence 758.027 +/- 43.4565 20.1412% +/- 1.15466% (Student's t, pooled s = 19.1726) * 3 1823.08 1827.2 1825.62 1825.3 2.0785572 Difference at 95.0% confidence -1938.26 +/- 43.298 -51.5007% +/- 1.15045% (Student's t, pooled s = 19.1026) % 3 1266.96 1279.37 1270.47 1272.2667 6.3971113 Difference at 95.0% confidence -2491.3 +/- 44.3704 -66.1952% +/- 1.17895% (Student's t, pooled s = 19.5758) # 3 3153.34 3155.16 3154.2 3154.2333 0.91045776 Difference at 95.0% confidence -609.33 +/- 43.1943 -16.1902% +/- 1.1477% (Student's t, pooled s = 19.0569) buildkernel: x buildkernel-before + buildkernel-ccache-empty * buildkernel-ccache-empty-fastdep % buildkernel-ccache-full # buildkernel-ccache-full-fastdep @ buildkernel-fastdep +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ |# @ % * | |# @ % * x + | |# @ % * xx ++| | MA | | MA| | A | | A | |A | | A | +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ N Min Max Median Avg Stddev x 3 571.57 573.94 571.79 572.43333 1.3094401 + 3 727.97 731.91 728.06 729.31333 2.2492295 Difference at 95.0% confidence 156.88 +/- 4.17129 27.4058% +/- 0.728695% (Student's t, pooled s = 1.84034) * 3 527.1 528.29 528.08 527.82333 0.63516402 Difference at 95.0% confidence -44.61 +/- 2.33254 -7.79305% +/- 0.407478% (Student's t, pooled s = 1.02909) % 3 400.4 401.05 400.62 400.69 0.3306055 Difference at 95.0% confidence -171.743 +/- 2.16453 -30.0023% +/- 0.378128% (Student's t, pooled s = 0.954969) # 3 201.94 203.34 202.28 202.52 0.73020545 Difference at 95.0% confidence -369.913 +/- 2.40293 -64.6212% +/- 0.419774% (Student's t, pooled s = 1.06015) @ 3 369.12 370.57 369.3 369.66333 0.79033748 Difference at 95.0% confidence -202.77 +/- 2.45131 -35.4225% +/- 0.428227% (Student's t, pooled s = 1.0815) [1] https://ccache.samba.org/performance.html [2] http://www.mail-archive.com/ccache@lists.samba.org/msg00576.html [3] https://reviews.freebsd.org/D3484 [5] https://github.com/jrosdahl/ccache/pull/30 PR: 182944 [4] MFC after: 3 weeks Sponsored by: EMC / Isilon Storage Division Relnotes: yes
svn path=/head/; revision=290526
2024-07-22 10:48:02 +00:00 · 2015-11-08 00:50:18 +00:00 · 2015-11-08 00:50:18 +00:00 · 9160419c7a · 2020-12-20 02:59:44 +00:00
parent dbced32af5
commit 9160419c7a
12 changed files with 146 additions and 31 deletions
--- a/4
+++ b/4
@ -100,6 +100,10 @@
 # For more information, see the build(7) manual page.
 #

+# This is included so CC is set to ccache for -V, and COMPILER_TYPE/VERSION
+# can be cached for sub-makes.
+.include <bsd.compiler.mk>
+
 # Note: we use this awkward construct to be compatible with FreeBSD's
 # old make used in 10.0 and 9.2 and earlier.
 .if defined(MK_META_MODE) && ${MK_META_MODE} == "yes" && !make(showconfig)
--- a/Makefile.inc1
+++ b/Makefile.inc1
@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ CROSSENV+=	CC="${XCC} ${XCFLAGS}" CXX="${XCXX} ${XCFLAGS} ${XCXXFLAGS}" \
 		RANLIB=${XRANLIB} STRINGS=${XSTRINGS} \
 		SIZE="${XSIZE}"

-.if ${XCC:M/*}
+.if ${XCC:N${CCACHE_BIN}:M/*}
 .if defined(CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX)
 # In the case of xdev-build tools, CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX won't be a
 # directory, but the compiler will look in the right place for it's
@ -456,7 +456,7 @@ LIB32FLAGS=	-m32 ${LIB32CPUFLAGS} -DCOMPAT_32BIT \
 		-isystem ${LIB32TMP}/usr/include/ \
 		-L${LIB32TMP}/usr/lib32 \
 		-B${LIB32TMP}/usr/lib32
-.if ${XCC:M/*}
+.if ${XCC:N${CCACHE_BIN}:M/*}
 LIB32FLAGS+=		--sysroot=${WORLDTMP}
 .endif

@ -1599,7 +1599,7 @@ _elftctools=	lib/libelftc \

 # If an full path to an external cross compiler is given, don't build
 # a cross compiler.
-.if ${XCC:M/*} == "" && ${MK_CROSS_COMPILER} != "no"
+.if ${XCC:N${CCACHE_BIN}:M/*} == "" && ${MK_CROSS_COMPILER} != "no"
 .if ${MK_CLANG_BOOTSTRAP} != "no"
 _clang=		usr.bin/clang
 _clang_libs=	lib/clang
--- a/share/mk/bsd.compiler.mk
+++ b/share/mk/bsd.compiler.mk
@ -25,6 +25,71 @@
 .if !target(__<bsd.compiler.mk>__)
 __<bsd.compiler.mk>__:

+.include <bsd.opts.mk>
+
+# Handle ccache after CC is determined, but not if CC/CXX are already
+# overridden with a manual setup.
+.if ${MK_CCACHE_BUILD:Uno} == "yes" && \
+    (${CC:M*ccache/world/*} == "" || ${CXX:M*ccache/world/*} == "")
+# CC is always prepended with the ccache wrapper rather than modifying
+# PATH since it is more clear that ccache is used and avoids wasting time
+# for mkdep/linking/asm builds.
+LOCALBASE?=		/usr/local
+CCACHE_WRAPPER_PATH?=	${LOCALBASE}/libexec/ccache
+CCACHE_BIN?=		${LOCALBASE}/bin/ccache
+.if exists(${CCACHE_BIN})
+# Export to ensure sub-makes can filter it out for mkdep/linking and
+# to chain down into kernel build which won't include this file.
+.export CCACHE_BIN
+# Expand and export some variables so they may be based on make vars.
+# This allows doing something like the following in the environment:
+# CCACHE_BASEDIR='${SRCTOP:H}' MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX='${SRCTOP:H}/obj'
+.for var in CCACHE_LOGFILE CCACHE_BASEDIR
+.if defined(${var})
+${var}:=	${${var}}
+.export		${var}
+.endif
+.endfor
+# Handle bootstrapped compiler changes properly by hashing their content
+# rather than checking mtime.  For external compilers it should be safe
+# to use the more optimal mtime check.
+# XXX: CCACHE_COMPILERCHECK= string:<compiler_version, compiler_build_rev, compiler_patch_rev, compiler_default_target, compiler_default_sysroot>
+.if ${CC:N${CCACHE_BIN}:[1]:M/*} == ""
+CCACHE_COMPILERCHECK?=	content
+.else
+CCACHE_COMPILERCHECK?=	mtime
+.endif
+.export CCACHE_COMPILERCHECK
+# Remove ccache from the PATH to prevent double calls and wasted CPP/LD time.
+PATH:=	${PATH:C,:?${CCACHE_WRAPPER_PATH}(/world)?(:$)?,,g}
+# Ensure no bogus CCACHE_PATH leaks in which might avoid the in-tree compiler.
+CCACHE_PATH=
+.export CCACHE_PATH
+# Override various toolchain vars.
+.for var in CC CXX HOST_CC HOST_CXX
+.if defined(${var}) && ${${var}:M${CCACHE_BIN}} == ""
+${var}:=	${CCACHE_BIN} ${${var}}
+.endif
+.endfor
+# GCC does not need the CCACHE_CPP2 hack enabled by default in devel/ccache.
+# The port enables it due to ccache passing preprocessed C to clang
+# which fails with -Wparentheses-equality, -Wtautological-compare, and
+# -Wself-assign on macro-expanded lines.
+.if defined(COMPILER_TYPE) && ${COMPILER_TYPE} == "gcc"
+CCACHE_NOCPP2=	1
+.export CCACHE_NOCPP2
+.endif
+# Canonicalize CCACHE_DIR for meta mode usage.
+.if defined(CCACHE_DIR) && empty(.MAKE.META.IGNORE_PATHS:M${CCACHE_DIR})
+CCACHE_DIR:=	${CCACHE_DIR:tA}
+.MAKE.META.IGNORE_PATHS+= ${CCACHE_DIR}
+.export CCACHE_DIR
+.endif
+ccache-print-options: .PHONY
+	@${CCACHE_BIN} -p
+.endif	# exists(${CCACHE_BIN})
+.endif	# ${MK_CCACHE_BUILD} == "yes"
+
 # Try to import COMPILER_TYPE and COMPILER_VERSION from parent make.
 # The value is only used/exported for the same environment that impacts
 # CC and COMPILER_* settings here.
--- a/share/mk/bsd.dep.mk
+++ b/share/mk/bsd.dep.mk
@ -48,11 +48,13 @@ CTAGSFLAGS?=
 GTAGSFLAGS?=	-o
 HTAGSFLAGS?=

-.if ${CC} != "cc"
-MKDEPCMD?=	CC='${CC} ${DEPFLAGS}' mkdep
-.else
-MKDEPCMD?=	mkdep
+_MKDEPCC:=	${CC:N${CCACHE_BIN}}
+# XXX: DEPFLAGS can come out once Makefile.inc1 properly passes down
+# CXXFLAGS.
+.if !empty(DEPFLAGS)
+_MKDEPCC+=	${DEPFLAGS}
 .endif
+MKDEPCMD?=	CC='${_MKDEPCC}' mkdep
 DEPENDFILE?=	.depend
 DEPENDFILES=	${DEPENDFILE}
 .if ${MK_FAST_DEPEND} == "yes" && ${.MAKE.MODE:Unormal:Mmeta*} == ""
--- a/share/mk/bsd.lib.mk
+++ b/share/mk/bsd.lib.mk
@ -109,21 +109,23 @@ PO_FLAG=-pg
 	${CTFCONVERT_CMD}

 .asm.po:
-	${CC} -x assembler-with-cpp -DPROF ${PO_CFLAGS} ${ACFLAGS} \
-		-c ${.IMPSRC} -o ${.TARGET}
+	${CC:N${CCACHE_BIN}} -x assembler-with-cpp -DPROF ${PO_CFLAGS} \
+	    ${ACFLAGS} -c ${.IMPSRC} -o ${.TARGET}
 	${CTFCONVERT_CMD}

 .asm.So:
-	${CC} -x assembler-with-cpp ${PICFLAG} -DPIC ${CFLAGS} ${ACFLAGS} \
-	    -c ${.IMPSRC} -o ${.TARGET}
+	${CC:N${CCACHE_BIN}} -x assembler-with-cpp ${PICFLAG} -DPIC \
+	    ${CFLAGS} ${ACFLAGS} -c ${.IMPSRC} -o ${.TARGET}
 	${CTFCONVERT_CMD}

 .S.po:
-	${CC} -DPROF ${PO_CFLAGS} ${ACFLAGS} -c ${.IMPSRC} -o ${.TARGET}
+	${CC:N${CCACHE_BIN}} -DPROF ${PO_CFLAGS} ${ACFLAGS} -c ${.IMPSRC} \
+	    -o ${.TARGET}
 	${CTFCONVERT_CMD}

 .S.So:
-	${CC} ${PICFLAG} -DPIC ${CFLAGS} ${ACFLAGS} -c ${.IMPSRC} -o ${.TARGET}
+	${CC:N${CCACHE_BIN}} ${PICFLAG} -DPIC ${CFLAGS} ${ACFLAGS} \
+	    -c ${.IMPSRC} -o ${.TARGET}
 	${CTFCONVERT_CMD}

 .if !defined(_SKIP_BUILD)
@ -249,7 +251,7 @@ ${SHLIB_NAME_FULL}: ${SOBJS}
 .if defined(SHLIB_LINK) && !commands(${SHLIB_LINK:R}.ld)
 	@${INSTALL_SYMLINK} ${SHLIB_NAME} ${SHLIB_LINK}
 .endif
-	${_LD} ${LDFLAGS} ${SSP_CFLAGS} ${SOLINKOPTS} \
+	${_LD:N${CCACHE_BIN}} ${LDFLAGS} ${SSP_CFLAGS} ${SOLINKOPTS} \
 	    -o ${.TARGET} -Wl,-soname,${SONAME} \
 	    `NM='${NM}' NMFLAGS='${NMFLAGS}' lorder ${SOBJS} | tsort -q` ${LDADD}
 .if ${MK_CTF} != "no"
--- a/share/mk/bsd.opts.mk
+++ b/share/mk/bsd.opts.mk
@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ __DEFAULT_YES_OPTIONS = \
    WARNS

 __DEFAULT_NO_OPTIONS = \
+    CCACHE_BUILD \
    FAST_DEPEND \
    CTF \
    DEBUG_FILES \
--- a/share/mk/bsd.prog.mk
+++ b/share/mk/bsd.prog.mk
@ -82,9 +82,11 @@ ${PROG_FULL}: beforelinking
 .endif
 ${PROG_FULL}: ${OBJS}
 .if defined(PROG_CXX)
-	${CXX} ${CXXFLAGS:N-M*} ${LDFLAGS} -o ${.TARGET} ${OBJS} ${LDADD}
+	${CXX:N${CCACHE_BIN}} ${CXXFLAGS:N-M*} ${LDFLAGS} -o ${.TARGET} \
+	    ${OBJS} ${LDADD}
 .else
-	${CC} ${CFLAGS:N-M*} ${LDFLAGS} -o ${.TARGET} ${OBJS} ${LDADD}
+	${CC:N${CCACHE_BIN}} ${CFLAGS:N-M*} ${LDFLAGS} -o ${.TARGET} ${OBJS} \
+	    ${LDADD}
 .endif
 .if ${MK_CTF} != "no"
 	${CTFMERGE} ${CTFFLAGS} -o ${.TARGET} ${OBJS}
@ -112,9 +114,11 @@ ${PROG_FULL}: beforelinking
 .endif
 ${PROG_FULL}: ${OBJS}
 .if defined(PROG_CXX)
-	${CXX} ${CXXFLAGS:N-M*} ${LDFLAGS} -o ${.TARGET} ${OBJS} ${LDADD}
+	${CXX:N${CCACHE_BIN}} ${CXXFLAGS:N-M*} ${LDFLAGS} -o ${.TARGET} \
+	    ${OBJS} ${LDADD}
 .else
-	${CC} ${CFLAGS:N-M*} ${LDFLAGS} -o ${.TARGET} ${OBJS} ${LDADD}
+	${CC:N${CCACHE_BIN}} ${CFLAGS:N-M*} ${LDFLAGS} -o ${.TARGET} ${OBJS} \
+	    ${LDADD}
 .endif
 .if ${MK_CTF} != "no"
 	${CTFMERGE} ${CTFFLAGS} -o ${.TARGET} ${OBJS}
--- a/share/mk/local.meta.sys.mk
+++ b/share/mk/local.meta.sys.mk
@ -186,12 +186,6 @@ UPDATE_DEPENDFILE= NO
 # define the list of places that contain files we are responsible for
 .MAKE.META.BAILIWICK = ${SB} ${OBJROOT} ${STAGE_ROOT}

-.if defined(CCACHE_DIR)
-CCACHE_DIR := ${CCACHE_DIR:tA}
-.MAKE.META.IGNORE_PATHS += ${CCACHE_DIR}
-.export CCACHE_DIR
-.endif
-
 CSU_DIR.${MACHINE_ARCH} ?= csu/${MACHINE_ARCH}
 CSU_DIR := ${CSU_DIR.${MACHINE_ARCH}}

--- a/share/mk/sys.mk
+++ b/share/mk/sys.mk
@ -317,11 +317,11 @@ YFLAGS		?=	-d
 	${FC} ${RFLAGS} ${EFLAGS} ${FFLAGS} -c ${.IMPSRC} -o ${.TARGET}

 .S.o:
-	${CC} ${CFLAGS} ${ACFLAGS} -c ${.IMPSRC} -o ${.TARGET}
+	${CC:N${CCACHE_BIN}} ${CFLAGS} ${ACFLAGS} -c ${.IMPSRC} -o ${.TARGET}
 	${CTFCONVERT_CMD}

 .asm.o:
-	${CC} -x assembler-with-cpp ${CFLAGS} ${ACFLAGS} -c ${.IMPSRC} \
+	${CC:N${CCACHE_BIN}} -x assembler-with-cpp ${CFLAGS} ${ACFLAGS} -c ${.IMPSRC} \
 	    -o ${.TARGET}
 	${CTFCONVERT_CMD}

--- a/sys/conf/kern.post.mk
+++ b/sys/conf/kern.post.mk
@ -195,6 +195,7 @@ SFILES_CDDL=	${SFILES:M*/cddl/*}
 kernel-depend: .depend
 # The argument list can be very long, so use make -V and xargs to
 # pass it to mkdep.
+_MKDEPCC:= ${CC:N${CCACHE_BIN}}
 SRCS=	assym.s vnode_if.h ${BEFORE_DEPEND} ${CFILES} \
 	${SYSTEM_CFILES} ${GEN_CFILES} ${SFILES} \
 	${MFILES:T:S/.m$/.h/}
@ -219,14 +220,14 @@ DEPENDFILES_OBJS+=	.depend.${__obj}
 .if ${MK_FAST_DEPEND} == "no"
 	rm -f ${.TARGET}.tmp
 	${MAKE} -V CFILES_NOCDDL -V SYSTEM_CFILES -V GEN_CFILES | \
-	    CC="${CC}" xargs mkdep -a -f ${.TARGET}.tmp ${CFLAGS}
+	    CC="${_MKDEPCC}" xargs mkdep -a -f ${.TARGET}.tmp ${CFLAGS}
 	${MAKE} -V CFILES_CDDL | \
-	    CC="${CC}" xargs mkdep -a -f ${.TARGET}.tmp ${ZFS_CFLAGS} \
+	    CC="${_MKDEPCC}" xargs mkdep -a -f ${.TARGET}.tmp ${ZFS_CFLAGS} \
 	    ${FBT_CFLAGS} ${DTRACE_CFLAGS}
 	${MAKE} -V SFILES_NOCDDL | \
-	    CC="${CC}" xargs mkdep -a -f ${.TARGET}.tmp ${ASM_CFLAGS}
+	    CC="${_MKDEPCC}" xargs mkdep -a -f ${.TARGET}.tmp ${ASM_CFLAGS}
 	${MAKE} -V SFILES_CDDL | \
-	    CC="${CC}" xargs mkdep -a -f ${.TARGET}.tmp ${ZFS_ASM_CFLAGS}
+	    CC="${_MKDEPCC}" xargs mkdep -a -f ${.TARGET}.tmp ${ZFS_ASM_CFLAGS}
 	mv ${.TARGET}.tmp ${.TARGET}
 .else
 	: > ${.TARGET}
--- a/sys/conf/kern.pre.mk
+++ b/sys/conf/kern.pre.mk
@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ CFLAGS+=	${CONF_CFLAGS}
 LINTFLAGS=	${LINTOBJKERNFLAGS}

 NORMAL_C= ${CC} -c ${CFLAGS} ${WERROR} ${PROF} ${.IMPSRC}
-NORMAL_S= ${CC} -c ${ASM_CFLAGS} ${WERROR} ${.IMPSRC}
+NORMAL_S= ${CC:N${CCACHE_BIN}} -c ${ASM_CFLAGS} ${WERROR} ${.IMPSRC}
 PROFILE_C= ${CC} -c ${CFLAGS} ${WERROR} ${.IMPSRC}
 NORMAL_C_NOWERROR= ${CC} -c ${CFLAGS} ${PROF} ${.IMPSRC}

--- a/tools/build/options/WITH_CCACHE_BUILD
+++ b/tools/build/options/WITH_CCACHE_BUILD
@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+.\" $FreeBSD$
+Set to use
+.Xr ccache 1
+for the build.
+No configuration is required except to install the
+.Sy devel/ccache
+package.
+Using with
+.Xr distcc 1
+should set
+.Sy CCACHE_PREFIX=/usr/local/bin/distcc .
+The default cache directory of
+.Pa $HOME/.ccache
+will be used, which can be overridden by setting
+.Sy CCACHE_DIR .
+The
+.Sy CCACHE_COMPILERCHECK
+option defaults to
+.Sy content
+when using the in-tree bootstrap compiler,
+and
+.Sy mtime
+when using an external compiler.
+The
+.Sy CCACHE_CPP2
+option is used for Clang but not GCC.
+ccache works best when combined with the
+.Sy WITH_FAST_DEPEND
+option.
+.Pp
+Sharing a cache between multiple work directories requires using a layout
+similar to
+.Pa /some/prefix/src
+.Pa /some/prefix/obj
+and an environment such as:
+.Bd -literal -offset indent
+CCACHE_BASEDIR='${SRCTOP:H}' MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX='${SRCTOP:H}/obj'
+.Ed
+.Pp
+See
+.Xr ccache 1
+for more configuration options.