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Remove single-space hard sentence breaks. These degrade the quality

Browse source 
of the typeset output, tend to make diffs harder to read and provide
bad examples for new-comers to mdoc.
This commit is contained in:
Sheldon Hearn 2000-03-01 12:20:22 +00:00
parent f63f700eea
commit 87faa07bec
Notes: svn2git 2020-12-20 02:59:44 +00:00 
svn path=/head/; revision=57670
54 changed files with 587 additions and 294 deletions
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6
lib/libpam/modules/pam_login_access/login.access.5
View file

@ -26,7 +26,8 @@ Each line of the login access control table has three fields separated by a
":" character: permission : users : origins
.Pp
The first field should be a "+" (access granted) or "-" (access denied)
character. The second field should be a list of one or more login names,
character.
The second field should be a list of one or more login names,
group names, or ALL (always matches). The third field should be a list
of one or more tty names (for non-networked logins), host names, domain
names (begin with "."), host addresses, internet network numbers (end
@ -37,7 +38,8 @@ in host or user patterns.
The EXCEPT operator makes it possible to write very compact rules.
.Pp
The group file is searched only when a name does not match that of the
logged-in user. Only groups are matched in which users are explicitly
logged-in user.
Only groups are matched in which users are explicitly
listed: the program does not look at a user's primary group id value.
.Sh FILES
.Bl -tag -width /etc/login.access -compact

3
usr.bin/biff/biff.1
View file

@ -85,5 +85,6 @@ The
.Nm
command appeared in
.Bx 4.0 .
It was named after the dog of Heidi Stettner. He died
It was named after the dog of Heidi Stettner.
He died
in August 1993, at 15.

3
usr.bin/calendar/calendar.1
View file

@ -86,7 +86,8 @@ For test purposes only: set date directly to argument values.
.Pp
To handle calendars in your national code table you can specify
.Dq LANG=<locale_name>
in the calendar file as early as possible. To handle national Easter
in the calendar file as early as possible.
To handle national Easter
names in the calendars
.Dq Easter=<national_name>
(for Catholic Easter) or

231
usr.bin/chat/chat.8
View file

@ -18,39 +18,52 @@ chat \- Automated conversational script with a modem
.SH DESCRIPTION
.LP
The \fIchat\fR program defines a conversational exchange between the
computer and the modem. Its primary purpose is to establish the
computer and the modem.
Its primary purpose is to establish the
connection between the Point-to-Point Protocol Daemon (\fIpppd\fR) and
the remote's \fIpppd\fR process.
.SH OPTIONS
.TP
.B -f \fI<chat file>
Read the chat script from the chat \fIfile\fR. The use of this option
is mutually exclusive with the chat script parameters. The user must
have read access to the file. Multiple lines are permitted in the
file. Space or horizontal tab characters should be used to separate
Read the chat script from the chat \fIfile\fR.
The use of this option
is mutually exclusive with the chat script parameters.
The user must
have read access to the file.
Multiple lines are permitted in the
file.
Space or horizontal tab characters should be used to separate
the strings.
.TP
.B -t \fI<timeout>
Set the timeout for the expected string to be received. If the string
Set the timeout for the expected string to be received.
If the string
is not received within the time limit then the reply string is not
sent. An alternate reply may be sent or the script will fail if there
is no alternate reply string. A failed script will cause the
sent.
An alternate reply may be sent or the script will fail if there
is no alternate reply string.
A failed script will cause the
\fIchat\fR program to terminate with a non-zero error code.
.TP
.B -r \fI<report file>
Set the file for output of the report strings. If you use the keyword
\fIREPORT\fR, the resulting strings are written to this file. If this
Set the file for output of the report strings.
If you use the keyword
\fIREPORT\fR, the resulting strings are written to this file.
If this
option is not used and you still use \fIREPORT\fR keywords, the
\fIstderr\fR file is used for the report strings.
.TP
.B -e
Start with the echo option turned on. Echoing may also be turned on
Start with the echo option turned on.
Echoing may also be turned on
or off at specific points in the chat script by using the \fIECHO\fR
keyword. When echoing is enabled, all output from the modem is echoed
keyword.
When echoing is enabled, all output from the modem is echoed
to \fIstderr\fR.
.TP
.B -v
Request that the \fIchat\fR script be executed in a verbose mode. The
Request that the \fIchat\fR script be executed in a verbose mode.
The
\fIchat\fR program will then log the execution state of the chat
script as well as all text received from the modem and the output
strings sent to the modem. The default is to log through
@ -62,8 +75,10 @@ and level \fIerr\fR for some errors.
.TP
.B -V
Request that the \fIchat\fR script be executed in a stderr verbose
mode. The \fIchat\fR program will then log all text received from the
modem and the output strings sent to the modem to the stderr device. This
mode.
The \fIchat\fR program will then log all text received from the
modem and the output strings sent to the modem to the stderr device.
This
device is usually the local console at the station running the chat or
pppd program.
.TP
@ -113,20 +128,24 @@ Once it received the login prompt the \fIchat\fR program will send the
string ppp and then expect the prompt "ssword:". When it receives the
prompt for the password, it will send the password hello2u2.
.LP
A carriage return is normally sent following the reply string. It is not
A carriage return is normally sent following the reply string.
It is not
expected in the "expect" string unless it is specifically requested by using
the \\r character sequence.
.LP
The expect sequence should contain only what is needed to identify the
string. Since it is normally stored on a disk file, it should not contain
variable information. It is generally not acceptable to look for time
string.
Since it is normally stored on a disk file, it should not contain
variable information.
It is generally not acceptable to look for time
strings, network identification strings, or other variable pieces of data as
an expect string.
.LP
To help correct for characters which may be corrupted during the initial
sequence, look for the string "ogin:" rather than "login:". It is possible
that the leading "l" character may be received in error and you may never
find the string even though it was sent by the system. For this reason,
find the string even though it was sent by the system.
For this reason,
scripts look for "ogin:" rather than "login:" and "ssword:" rather than
"password:".
.LP
@ -136,21 +155,27 @@ ogin: ppp ssword: hello2u2
.LP
In other words, expect ....ogin:, send ppp, expect ...ssword:, send hello2u2.
.LP
In actual practice, simple scripts are rare. At the vary least, you
In actual practice, simple scripts are rare.
At the vary least, you
should include sub-expect sequences should the original string not be
received. For example, consider the following script:
received.
For example, consider the following script:
.IP
ogin:--ogin: ppp ssword: hello2u2
.LP
This would be a better script than the simple one used earlier. This would look
This would be a better script than the simple one used earlier.
This would look
for the same login: prompt, however, if one was not received, a single
return sequence is sent and then it will look for login: again. Should line
return sequence is sent and then it will look for login: again.
Should line
noise obscure the first login prompt then sending the empty line will
usually generate a login prompt again.
.SH COMMENTS
Comments can be embedded in the chat script. A comment is a line which
Comments can be embedded in the chat script.
A comment is a line which
starts with the \fB#\fR (hash) character in column 1. Such comment
lines are just ignored by the chat program. If a '#' character is to
lines are just ignored by the chat program.
If a '#' character is to
be expected as the first character of the expect sequence, you should
quote the expect string.
If you want to wait for a prompt that starts with a # (hash)
@ -162,27 +187,41 @@ character, you would have to write something like this:
.LP
.SH ABORT STRINGS
Many modems will report the status of the call as a string. These
strings may be \fBCONNECTED\fR or \fBNO CARRIER\fR or \fBBUSY\fR. It
Many modems will report the status of the call as a string.
These
strings may be \fBCONNECTED\fR or \fBNO CARRIER\fR or \fBBUSY\fR.
It
is often desirable to terminate the script should the modem fail to
connect to the remote. The difficulty is that a script would not know
exactly which modem string it may receive. On one attempt, it may
connect to the remote.
The difficulty is that a script would not know
exactly which modem string it may receive.
On one attempt, it may
receive \fBBUSY\fR while the next time it may receive \fBNO CARRIER\fR.
.LP
These "abort" strings may be specified in the script using the \fIABORT\fR
sequence. It is written in the script as in the following example:
sequence.
It is written in the script as in the following example:
.IP
ABORT BUSY ABORT 'NO CARRIER' '' ATZ OK ATDT5551212 CONNECT
.LP
This sequence will expect nothing; and then send the string ATZ. The
expected response to this is the string \fIOK\fR. When it receives \fIOK\fR,
the string ATDT5551212 to dial the telephone. The expected string is
\fICONNECT\fR. If the string \fICONNECT\fR is received the remainder of the
script is executed. However, should the modem find a busy telephone, it will
send the string \fIBUSY\fR. This will cause the string to match the abort
character sequence. The script will then fail because it found a match to
the abort string. If it received the string \fINO CARRIER\fR, it will abort
for the same reason. Either string may be received. Either string will
This sequence will expect nothing; and then send the string ATZ.
The
expected response to this is the string \fIOK\fR.
When it receives \fIOK\fR,
the string ATDT5551212 to dial the telephone.
The expected string is
\fICONNECT\fR.
If the string \fICONNECT\fR is received the remainder of the
script is executed.
However, should the modem find a busy telephone, it will
send the string \fIBUSY\fR.
This will cause the string to match the abort
character sequence.
The script will then fail because it found a match to
the abort string.
If it received the string \fINO CARRIER\fR, it will abort
for the same reason. Either string may be received.
Either string will
terminate the \fIchat\fR script.
.SH CLR_ABORT STRINGS
This sequence allows for clearing previously set \fBABORT\fR strings.
@ -196,7 +235,8 @@ pppd, and pppd is running as a daemon (detached from its controlling
terminal), standard error will normally be redirected to the file
/etc/ppp/connect-errors.
.LP
\fBSAY\fR strings must be enclosed in single or double quotes. If
\fBSAY\fR strings must be enclosed in single or double quotes.
If
carriage return and line feed are needed in the string to be output,
you must explicitly add them to your string.
.LP
@ -229,7 +269,8 @@ SAY "Logged in OK ...\n"
\fIetc ...\fR
.LP
This sequence will only present the SAY strings to the user and all
the details of the script will remain hidden. For example, if the
the details of the script will remain hidden.
For example, if the
above script works, the user will see:
.IP
Dialling your ISP...
@ -240,28 +281,35 @@ Logged in OK ...
.LP
.SH REPORT STRINGS
A \fBreport\fR string is similar to the ABORT string. The difference
A \fBreport\fR string is similar to the ABORT string.
The difference
is that the strings, and all characters to the next control character
such as a carriage return, are written to the report file.
.LP
The report strings may be used to isolate the transmission rate of the
modem's connect string and return the value to the chat user. The
modem's connect string and return the value to the chat user.
The
analysis of the report string logic occurs in conjunction with the
other string processing such as looking for the expect string. The use
other string processing such as looking for the expect string.
The use
of the same string for a report and abort sequence is probably not
very useful, however, it is possible.
.LP
The report strings to no change the completion code of the program.
.LP
These "report" strings may be specified in the script using the \fIREPORT\fR
sequence. It is written in the script as in the following example:
sequence.
It is written in the script as in the following example:
.IP
REPORT CONNECT ABORT BUSY '' ATDT5551212 CONNECT '' ogin: account
.LP
This sequence will expect nothing; and then send the string
ATDT5551212 to dial the telephone. The expected string is
\fICONNECT\fR. If the string \fICONNECT\fR is received the remainder
of the script is executed. In addition the program will write to the
ATDT5551212 to dial the telephone.
The expected string is
\fICONNECT\fR.
If the string \fICONNECT\fR is received the remainder
of the script is executed.
In addition the program will write to the
expect-file the string "CONNECT" plus any characters which follow it
such as the connection rate.
.SH CLR_REPORT STRINGS
@ -271,11 +319,15 @@ compilation time); \fBCLR_REPORT\fR will reclaim the space for cleared
entries so that new strings can use that space.
.SH ECHO
The echo options controls whether the output from the modem is echoed
to \fIstderr\fR. This option may be set with the \fI-e\fR option, but
it can also be controlled by the \fIECHO\fR keyword. The "expect-send"
to \fIstderr\fR.
This option may be set with the \fI-e\fR option, but
it can also be controlled by the \fIECHO\fR keyword.
The "expect-send"
pair \fIECHO\fR \fION\fR enables echoing, and \fIECHO\fR \fIOFF\fR
disables it. With this keyword you can select which parts of the
conversation should be visible. For instance, with the following
disables it.
With this keyword you can select which parts of the
conversation should be visible.
For instance, with the following
script:
.IP
ABORT 'BUSY'
@ -341,7 +393,8 @@ ogin:--BREAK--ogin: real_account
\fIetc ...\fR
.LP
.SH TIMEOUT
The initial timeout value is 45 seconds. This may be changed using the \fB-t\fR
The initial timeout value is 45 seconds.
This may be changed using the \fB-t\fR
parameter.
.LP
To change the timeout value for the next expect string, the following
@ -350,21 +403,25 @@ example may be used:
ATZ OK ATDT5551212 CONNECT TIMEOUT 10 ogin:--ogin: TIMEOUT 5 assword: hello2u2
.LP
This will change the timeout to 10 seconds when it expects the login:
prompt. The timeout is then changed to 5 seconds when it looks for the
prompt.
The timeout is then changed to 5 seconds when it looks for the
password prompt.
.LP
The timeout, once changed, remains in effect until it is changed again.
.SH SENDING EOT
The special reply string of \fIEOT\fR indicates that the chat program
should send an EOT character to the remote. This is normally the
End-of-file character sequence. A return character is not sent
should send an EOT character to the remote.
This is normally the
End-of-file character sequence.
A return character is not sent
following the EOT.
.PR
The EOT sequence may be embedded into the send string using the
sequence \fI^D\fR.
.SH GENERATING BREAK
The special reply string of \fIBREAK\fR will cause a break condition
to be sent. The break is a special signal on the transmitter. The
to be sent. The break is a special signal on the transmitter.
The
normal processing on the receiver is to change the transmission rate.
It may be used to cycle through the available transmission rates on
the remote until you are able to receive a valid login prompt.
@ -372,27 +429,35 @@ the remote until you are able to receive a valid login prompt.
The break sequence may be embedded into the send string using the
\fI\\K\fR sequence.
.SH ESCAPE SEQUENCES
The expect and reply strings may contain escape sequences. All of the
sequences are legal in the reply string. Many are legal in the expect.
The expect and reply strings may contain escape sequences.
All of the
sequences are legal in the reply string.
Many are legal in the expect.
Those which are not valid in the expect sequence are so indicated.
.TP
.B ''
Expects or sends a null string. If you send a null string then it will still
send the return character. This sequence may either be a pair of apostrophe
Expects or sends a null string.
If you send a null string then it will still
send the return character.
This sequence may either be a pair of apostrophe
or quote characters.
.TP
.B \\\\b
represents a backspace character.
.TP
.B \\\\c
Suppresses the newline at the end of the reply string. This is the only
method to send a string without a trailing return character. It must
be at the end of the send string. For example,
Suppresses the newline at the end of the reply string.
This is the only
method to send a string without a trailing return character.
It must
be at the end of the send string.
For example,
the sequence hello\\c will simply send the characters h, e, l, l, o.
.I (not valid in expect.)
.TP
.B \\\\d
Delay for one second. The program uses sleep(1) which will delay to a
Delay for one second.
The program uses sleep(1) which will delay to a
maximum of one second.
.I (not valid in expect.)
.TP
@ -404,11 +469,13 @@ Insert a BREAK
Send a newline or linefeed character.
.TP
.B \\\\N
Send a null character. The same sequence may be represented by \\0.
Send a null character.
The same sequence may be represented by \\0.
.I (not valid in expect.)
.TP
.B \\\\p
Pause for a fraction of a second. The delay is 1/10th of a second.
Pause for a fraction of a second.
The delay is 1/10th of a second.
.I (not valid in expect.)
.TP
.B \\\\q
@ -422,8 +489,10 @@ written to the log in its place.
Send or expect a carriage return.
.TP
.B \\\\s
Represents a space character in the string. This may be used when it
is not desirable to quote the strings which contains spaces. The
Represents a space character in the string.
This may be used when it
is not desirable to quote the strings which contains spaces.
The
sequence 'HI TIM' and HI\\sTIM are the same.
.TP
.B \\\\t
@ -446,22 +515,26 @@ The \fIchat\fR program will terminate with the following completion
codes.
.TP
.B 0
The normal termination of the program. This indicates that the script
The normal termination of the program.
This indicates that the script
was executed without error to the normal conclusion.
.TP
.B 1
One or more of the parameters are invalid or an expect string was too
large for the internal buffers. This indicates that the program as not
large for the internal buffers.
This indicates that the program as not
properly executed.
.TP
.B 2
An error occurred during the execution of the program. This may be due
An error occurred during the execution of the program.
This may be due
to a read or write operation failing for some reason or chat receiving
a signal such as SIGINT.
.TP
.B 3
A timeout event occurred when there was an \fIexpect\fR string without
having a "-subsend" string. This may mean that you did not program the
having a "-subsend" string.
This may mean that you did not program the
script correctly for the condition or that some unexpected event has
occurred and the expected string could not be found.
.TP
@ -482,16 +555,20 @@ The other termination codes are also strings marked as an \fIABORT\fR
condition.
.LP
Using the termination code, it is possible to determine which event
terminated the script. It is possible to decide if the string "BUSY"
terminated the script.
It is possible to decide if the string "BUSY"
was received from the modem as opposed to "NO DIAL TONE". While the
first event may be retried, the second will probably have little
chance of succeeding during a retry.
.SH SEE ALSO
Additional information about \fIchat\fR scripts may be found with UUCP
documentation. The \fIchat\fR script was taken from the ideas proposed
documentation.
The \fIchat\fR script was taken from the ideas proposed
by the scripts used by the \fIuucico\fR program.
.LP
uucico(1), uucp(1), syslog(3), syslogd(8).
.SH COPYRIGHT
The \fIchat\fR program is in public domain. This is not the GNU public
license. If it breaks then you get to keep both pieces.
The \fIchat\fR program is in public domain.
This is not the GNU public
license.
If it breaks then you get to keep both pieces.

30
usr.bin/chpass/chpass.1
View file

@ -89,7 +89,8 @@ in the format used by
.Xr crypt 3 ,
as an argument.
.It Fl e Ar expiretime
Change the account expire time. This option is used to set the expire time
Change the account expire time.
This option is used to set the expire time
from a script as if it was done in the interactive editor.
.It Fl s Ar newshell
Attempt to change the user's shell to
@ -259,7 +260,8 @@ Currently,
can only make changes to the NIS passwd maps through
.Xr rpc.yppasswdd 8 ,
which normally only permits changes to a user's password, shell and GECOS
fields. Except when invoked by the super-user on the NIS master server,
fields.
Except when invoked by the super-user on the NIS master server,
.Nm
(and, similarly,
.Xr passwd 1 )
@ -270,7 +272,8 @@ add new records to the NIS passwd maps.
Furthermore,
.Xr rpc.yppasswdd 8
requires password authentication before it will make any
changes. The only user allowed to submit changes without supplying
changes.
The only user allowed to submit changes without supplying
a password is the super-user on the NIS master server; all other users,
including those with root privileges on NIS clients (and NIS slave
servers) must enter a password.
@ -308,7 +311,8 @@ change any field.
.Em "Password authentication is required" .
.Nm Chpass
will prompt for the user's NIS password before effecting
any changes. If the password is invalid, all changes will be
any changes.
If the password is invalid, all changes will be
discarded.
.Pp
Exception: the super-user on the NIS master server is allowed to
@ -345,7 +349,8 @@ Users should use
.Xr passwd 1
or
.Xr yppasswd 1
to change their NIS passwords. The super-user is allowed to specify
to change their NIS passwords.
The super-user is allowed to specify
a new password (even though the
.Dq Password:
field does not show
@ -381,20 +386,24 @@ Specify a particular NIS domain.
.Nm Chpass
uses the system domain name by default, as set by the
.Xr domainname 1
command. The
command.
The
.Fl d
option can be used to override a default, or to specify a domain
when the system domain name is not set.
.It Fl h Ar host
Specify the name or address of an NIS server to query. Normally,
Specify the name or address of an NIS server to query.
Normally,
.Nm
will communicate with the NIS master host specified in the
.Pa master.passwd
or
.Pa passwd
maps. On hosts that have not been configured as NIS clients, there is
maps.
On hosts that have not been configured as NIS clients, there is
no way for the program to determine this information unless the user
provides the hostname of a server. Note that the specified hostname need
provides the hostname of a server.
Note that the specified hostname need
not be that of the NIS master server; the name of any server, master or
slave, in a given NIS domain will do.
.Pp
@ -422,7 +431,8 @@ domain socket). The
.Fl o
flag can be used to force
.Nm
to use the standard update mechanism instead. This option is provided
to use the standard update mechanism instead.
This option is provided
mainly for testing purposes.
.El
.Pp

24
usr.bin/colldef/colldef.1
View file

@ -43,12 +43,14 @@ into a format usable by the
.Fn strxfrm
and
.Fn strcoll
functions. It is used to define the many ways in which
functions.
It is used to define the many ways in which
strings can be ordered and collated.
.Fn strxfrm
transforms
its first argument and places the result in its second
argument. The transformed string is such that it can be
argument.
The transformed string is such that it can be
correctly ordered with other transformed strings by using
.Fn strcmp ,
.Fn strncmp ,
@ -89,18 +91,21 @@ and
.Pp
Of these, only the
.Ar order
statement is required. When
statement is required.
When
.Ar charmap
or
.Ar substitute
is
supplied, these statements must be ordered as above. Any
supplied, these statements must be ordered as above.
Any
statements after the order statement are ignored.
.Pp
Lines in the specification file beginning with a
.Ar #
are
treated as comments and are ignored. Blank lines are also
treated as comments and are ignored.
Blank lines are also
ignored.
.Pp
.Ar charmap charmapfile
@ -112,7 +117,8 @@ character encoding can be found.
.Pp
The format of
.Ar charmapfile
is shown below. Symbol
is shown below.
Symbol
names are separated from their values by TAB or
SPACE characters. symbol-value can be specified in
a hexadecimal (\ex\fI??\fR) or octal (\e\fI???\fR)
@ -150,7 +156,8 @@ statement is optional.
.Pp
.Ar order_list
is a list of symbols, separated by semi colons, that defines the
collating sequence. The
collating sequence.
The
special symbol
.Ar ...
specifies, in a short-hand
@ -230,7 +237,8 @@ are assigned the same primary ordering only.
.Pp
The backslash character
.Ar \e
is used for continuation. In this case, no characters are permitted
is used for continuation.
In this case, no characters are permitted
after the backslash character.
.Sh EXIT STATUS
.Nm Colldef

3
usr.bin/cut/cut.1
View file

@ -66,7 +66,8 @@ standard output.
The items specified by
.Ar list
can be in terms of column position or in terms of fields delimited
by a special character. Column numbering starts from 1.
by a special character.
Column numbering starts from 1.
.Pp
.Ar list
is a comma or whitespace separated set of increasing numbers and/or

3
usr.bin/du/du.1
View file

@ -122,7 +122,8 @@ If the environment variable
.Ev BLOCKSIZE
is set, and the
.Fl k
option is not specified, the block counts will be displayed in 1024-byte blocks. If
option is not specified, the block counts will be displayed in 1024-byte blocks.
If
.Ev BLOCKSIZE
is not set, and the
.Fl k

9
usr.bin/fetch/fetch.1
View file

@ -27,7 +27,8 @@ either the
.Tn FTP
or the
.Tn HTTP
protocol. In the first form of the command, the
protocol.
In the first form of the command, the
.Ar URL
may be of the form
.Li http://site.domain/path/to/the/file
@ -108,7 +109,8 @@ Use the passive mode of the
.Tn FTP
protocol. This is useful for crossing certain sorts of firewalls.
.It Fl q
Quiet mode. Do not report transfer progress on the terminal.
Quiet mode.
Do not report transfer progress on the terminal.
.It Fl R
The filenames specified are ``precious'', and should not be deleted
under any circumstances, even if the transfer failed or was incomplete.
@ -128,7 +130,8 @@ This option is useful to prevent
from downloading a file that is either incomplete or the wrong version,
given the correct size of the file in advance.
.It Fl s
Ask server for size of file in bytes and print it to stdout. Do not
Ask server for size of file in bytes and print it to stdout.
Do not
actually fetch the file.
.It Fl T Ar seconds
Set timeout value to

3
usr.bin/file/file.1
View file

@ -330,7 +330,8 @@ from his public-domain
program, and are not covered by the above restrictions.
.Sh BUGS
There must be a better way to automate the construction of the Magic
file from all the glop in Magdir. What is it?
file from all the glop in Magdir.
What is it?
Better yet, the magic file should be compiled into binary (say,
.Xr ndbm 3
or, better yet, fixed-length

21
usr.bin/file/magic.5
View file

@ -96,7 +96,8 @@ that are set in the specified value,
to specify that the value from the file must have clear any of the bits
that are set in the specified value, or
.Em x ,
to specify that any value will match. If the character is omitted,
to specify that any value will match.
If the character is omitted,
it is assumed to be
.Em = .
.It ""
@ -158,21 +159,27 @@ is a
.Em (
then the string after the parenthesis is interpreted as an indirect offset.
That means that the number after the parenthesis is used as an offset in
the file. The value at that offset is read, and is used again as an offset
in the file. Indirect offsets are of the form:
the file.
The value at that offset is read, and is used again as an offset
in the file.
Indirect offsets are of the form:
.Em (x[.[bsl]][+-][y]) .
The value of
.Em x
is used as an offset in the file. A byte, short or long is read at that offset
is used as an offset in the file.
A byte, short or long is read at that offset
depending on the
.Em [bsl]
type specifier. To that number the value of
type specifier.
To that number the value of
.Em y
is added and the result is used as an offset in the file. The default type
is added and the result is used as an offset in the file.
The default type
if one is not specified is long.
.Pp
Sometimes you do not know the exact offset as this depends on the length of
preceding fields. You can specify an offset relative to the end of the
preceding fields.
You can specify an offset relative to the end of the
last uplevel field (of course this may only be done for sublevel tests, i.e.
test beginning with
.Em > Ns ).

3
usr.bin/finger/finger.1
View file

@ -55,7 +55,8 @@ Options are:
displays the user's login name, real name, terminal name and write
status (as a ``*'' before the terminal name if write permission is
denied), idle time, login time, and either office location and office
phone number, or the remote host. If
phone number, or the remote host.
If
.Fl h
is given, the remote host is printed (the default). If
.Fl o

3
usr.bin/gcore/gcore.1
View file

@ -53,7 +53,8 @@ By default, the core is written to the file
.Dq Pa core.<pid> .
The process identifier,
.Ar pid ,
must be given on the command line. If no executable image is
must be given on the command line.
If no executable image is
specified,
.Nm
will use

15
usr.bin/genassym/genassym.8
View file

@ -16,12 +16,14 @@ The
.Nm
command is a special-purpose program to generate assembler
symbols from C code and is used to interface the low-level
assembly code with the C code. This, for example, is used
assembly code with the C code.
This, for example, is used
to build a FreeBSD kernel or module.
Its
.Ar objfile
argument is the name of an ELF object file that holds the
symbol definitions. These definitions are extracted from
symbol definitions.
These definitions are extracted from
the object file and written to standard output or to the
file specified with
.Ar outfile ,
@ -33,7 +35,8 @@ command only extracts symbols from the object file if they
are prefixed by
.Nm assym_
and are global data types, whose value is the value given
to the symbol. The following C declaration
to the symbol.
The following C declaration
.Bd -literal -offset indent -compact
int assym_MY_SYMBOL = 3;
.Ed
@ -57,10 +60,12 @@ and was based on the
command.
.Sh BUGS
Not all linkers store the size of the symbol in the ELF
object file. The GNU linker for Alpha has this bug for
object file.
The GNU linker for Alpha has this bug for
example (binutils 2.9.1). In those cases the size of the
symbol is assumed to be equal to the word size of the ELF
object file. For Alpha this is 64 bits and for i386 this
object file.
For Alpha this is 64 bits and for i386 this
is 32 bits.
.Sh HISTORY
The

3
usr.bin/getopt/getopt.1
View file

@ -96,7 +96,8 @@ status > 0 when it encounters an option letter not included in
Written by
.An Henry Spencer ,
working from a Bell Labs manual page.
Behavior believed identical to the Bell version. Example changed in
Behavior believed identical to the Bell version.
Example changed in
.Fx
version 3.2 and 4.0.
.Sh BUGS

3
usr.bin/gprof/gprof.1
View file

@ -62,7 +62,8 @@ that are compiled for profiling.
reads the given object file (the default is
.Pa a.out)
and establishes the relation between it's symbol table
and the call graph profile. The default graph profile file name is the name
and the call graph profile.
The default graph profile file name is the name
of the executable with the suffix
.Pa .gmon
appended.

12
usr.bin/keyinit/keyinit.1
View file

@ -15,7 +15,8 @@
.Nm Keyinit
initializes the system so you can use S/Key one-time passwords to
login. The program will ask you to enter a secret pass phrase; enter a
phrase of several words in response. After the S/Key database has been
phrase of several words in response.
After the S/Key database has been
updated you can login using either your regular UNIX password or using
S/Key one-time passwords.
.Pp
@ -32,8 +33,10 @@ command and carry them with you on a piece of paper.
.Pp
.Nm Keyinit
requires you to type your secret password, so it should
be used only on a secure terminal. For example, on the console of a
workstation. If you are using
be used only on a secure terminal.
For example, on the console of a
workstation.
If you are using
.Nm
while logged in over an
untrusted network, follow the instructions given below with the
@ -64,7 +67,8 @@ in one window and put in your count and seed
then run
.Nm key
in another window to generate the correct 6 English words
for that count and seed. You can then
for that count and seed.
You can then
"cut" and "paste" them or copy them into the
.Nm
window.

3
usr.bin/keylogin/keylogin.1
View file

@ -15,7 +15,8 @@
prompts the user for their login password, and uses it to decrypt
the user's secret key stored in the
.Xr publickey 5
database. Once decrypted, the user's key is stored by the local
database.
Once decrypted, the user's key is stored by the local
key server process
.Xr keyserv 8
to be used by any secure network services, such as NFS.

6
usr.bin/last/last.1
View file

@ -98,7 +98,8 @@ arguments is printed, e.g.,
.Dq Li "last root -t console"
would list all of
.Dq Li root Ns 's
sessions as well as all sessions on the console terminal. If no
sessions as well as all sessions on the console terminal.
If no
users, hostnames or terminals are specified,
.Nm last
prints a record of
@ -128,7 +129,8 @@ login data base
.Xr ac 8
.Sh BUGS
If a login shell should terminate abnormally for some reason, it is likely
that a logout record won't be written to the wtmp file. In this case,
that a logout record won't be written to the wtmp file.
In this case,
.Nm last
will indicate the logout time as "shutdown".
.Sh HISTORY

6
usr.bin/ldd/ldd.1
View file

@ -21,11 +21,13 @@ depend on yet other shared objects.
.Pp
Zero, one or two
.Fl f
options may be given. The argument is a format string passed to
options may be given.
The argument is a format string passed to
.Xr rtld 1
and allows customization of
.Nm ldd Ns 's
output. See
output.
See
.Xr rtld 1
for a list of recognized conversion characters.
.Pp

15
usr.bin/locate/locate/locate.1
View file

@ -85,7 +85,8 @@ current implementation store any character except newline
and NUL
.Pq Sq \e0 .
The 8-bit character support doesn't waste extra space for
plain ASCII file names. Characters less than 32 or greater than 127
plain ASCII file names.
Characters less than 32 or greater than 127
are stored in 2 bytes.
The following options are available:
@ -107,7 +108,8 @@ of databases to be searched.
The option
.Ar database
may be a colon-separated list of databases. A single colon is a reference
may be a colon-separated list of databases.
A single colon is a reference
to the default database.
$ locate -d $HOME/lib/mydb: foo
@ -164,7 +166,8 @@ Use
.Xr mmap 2
instead of the
.Xr stdio 3
library. This is the default behavior. Usually faster in most cases.
library. This is the default behavior.
Usually faster in most cases.
.It Fl s
Use the
.Xr stdio 3
@ -223,14 +226,16 @@ which are not readable for user
group
.Dq nobody ,
or
world. E.g. if your HOME directory is not world-readable, all your
world.
E.g. if your HOME directory is not world-readable, all your
files are
.Ar not
in the database.
The
.Nm
database is not byte order independent. It is not possible
database is not byte order independent.
It is not possible
to share the databases between machines with different byte order.
The current
.Nm

6
usr.bin/login/login.access.5
View file

@ -26,7 +26,8 @@ Each line of the login access control table has three fields separated by a
":" character: permission : users : origins
.Pp
The first field should be a "+" (access granted) or "-" (access denied)
character. The second field should be a list of one or more login names,
character.
The second field should be a list of one or more login names,
group names, or ALL (always matches). The third field should be a list
of one or more tty names (for non-networked logins), host names, domain
names (begin with "."), host addresses, internet network numbers (end
@ -37,7 +38,8 @@ in host or user patterns.
The EXCEPT operator makes it possible to write very compact rules.
.Pp
The group file is searched only when a name does not match that of the
logged-in user. Only groups are matched in which users are explicitly
logged-in user.
Only groups are matched in which users are explicitly
listed: the program does not look at a user's primary group id value.
.Sh FILES
.Bl -tag -width /etc/login.access -compact

3
usr.bin/mail/mail.1
View file

@ -1037,7 +1037,8 @@ Help files.
.It Pa /usr/share/misc/mail.rc
.It Pa /usr/local/etc/mail.rc
.It Pa /etc/mail.rc
System-wide initialization files. Each file will be sourced, in order,
System-wide initialization files.
Each file will be sourced, in order,
if it exists.
.El
.Sh SEE ALSO

30
usr.bin/make/make.1
View file

@ -108,7 +108,8 @@ Print debugging information about conditional evaluation.
.It Ar d
Print debugging information about directory searching and caching.
.It Ar f
Print debugging information about the execution of for loops. Currently a
Print debugging information about the execution of for loops.
Currently a
no-op.
.It Ar "g1"
Print the input graph before making anything.
@ -157,7 +158,8 @@ before each command line in the makefile.
.It Fl j Ar max_jobs
Specify the maximum number of jobs that
.Nm
may have running at any one time. Turns compatibility mode off, unless the
may have running at any one time.
Turns compatibility mode off, unless the
.Ar B
flag is also specified.
.It Fl k
@ -497,7 +499,8 @@ The environment variable
may contain anything that
may be specified on
.Nm make Ns 's
command line. Its contents are stored in
command line.
Its contents are stored in
.Nm make Ns 's
.Va .MAKEFLAGS
variable.
@ -671,7 +674,8 @@ do not contain the pattern matching character
.Ar %
then it is assumed that they are
anchored at the end of each word, so only suffixes or entire
words may be replaced. Otherwise
words may be replaced.
Otherwise
.Ar %
is the substring of
.Ar old_string
@ -701,7 +705,8 @@ makefile directory.
Un-define the specified global variable.
Only global variables may be un-defined.
.It Ic \&.error Ar message
Terminate processing of the makefile immediately. The filename of the
Terminate processing of the makefile immediately.
The filename of the
makefile, the line on which the error was encountered and the specified
message are printed to standard output and
.Nm make
@ -912,7 +917,8 @@ The syntax of a for loop is:
.El
After the for
.Ar expression
is evaluated, it is split into words. The
is evaluated, it is split into words.
The
iteration
.Ar variable
is successively set to each word, and substituted in the
@ -974,7 +980,8 @@ to them.
If special
.Ic .WAIT
source is appears in a dependency line, the sources that precede it are
made before the sources that succeed it in the line. Loops are not being
made before the sources that succeed it in the line.
Loops are not being
detected and targets that form loops will be silently ignored.
.El
.Sh "SPECIAL TARGETS"
@ -1010,7 +1017,8 @@ If no sources are specified, this is the equivalent of specifying the
option.
.It Ic .INCLUDES
A list of suffixes that indicate files that can be included in a source
file. The suffix must have already been declared with
file.
The suffix must have already been declared with
.Ic .SUFFIXES ;
any suffix so declared will have the directories on its search path (see
.Ic .PATH )
@ -1083,7 +1091,8 @@ to work.
.It Ic .PHONY
Apply the
.Ic .PHONY
attribute to any specified sources. Targets with this attribute are always
attribute to any specified sources.
Targets with this attribute are always
considered to be out of date.
.It Ic .PRECIOUS
Apply the
@ -1173,7 +1182,8 @@ special target exists.
.Pp
The evaluation of
.Ar expression
in a test is very simple-minded. Currently, the only form that works is
in a test is very simple-minded.
Currently, the only form that works is
.Ql .if ${VAR} op something
For instance, you should write tests as
.Ql .if ${VAR} = "string"

3
usr.bin/mkstr/mkstr.1
View file

@ -129,7 +129,8 @@ appeared in
.Sh BUGS
.Nm
was intended for the limited architecture of the PDP 11 family.
Very few programs actually use it. The Pascal interpreter,
Very few programs actually use it.
The Pascal interpreter,
.Xr \&pi 1
and the editor,
.Xr \&ex 1

3
usr.bin/mktemp/mktemp.1
View file

@ -89,7 +89,8 @@ will generate an template string based on the
.Ar prefix
and the
.Ev TMPDIR
environment variable if set. The default location if
environment variable if set.
The default location if
.Ev TMPDIR
is not set is
.Pa /tmp .

3
usr.bin/more/more.1
View file

@ -135,7 +135,8 @@ The
.Fl x
option sets tab stops every
.Ar N
positions. The default for
positions.
The default for
.Ar N
is 8.
.It Fl /

3
usr.bin/msgs/msgs.1
View file

@ -87,7 +87,8 @@ the next time
will pick up where it last left off.
.It Fl s
Append the current message to the file ``Messages'' in the current directory;
`s\-' will save the previously displayed message. A `s' or `s\-' may
`s\-' will save the previously displayed message.
A `s' or `s\-' may
be followed by a space and a file name to receive the message replacing
the default ``Messages''.
.It Fl m

44
usr.bin/mt/mt.1
View file

@ -94,17 +94,22 @@ Backward space
.Ar count
setmarks.
.It Cm rdhpos
Read Hardware block position. Some drives do not support this. The block
number reported is specific for that hardware only. The count argument is
Read Hardware block position. Some drives do not support this.
The block
number reported is specific for that hardware only.
The count argument is
ignored.
.It Cm rdspos
Read SCSI logical block position. Some drives do not support this. The
Read SCSI logical block position. Some drives do not support this.
The
count argument is ignored.
.It Cm sethpos
Set Hardware block position. Some drives do not support this. The count
Set Hardware block position. Some drives do not support this.
The count
argument is interpreted as a hardware block to which to position the tape.
.It Cm setspos
Set SCSI logical block position. Some drives do not support this. The count
Set SCSI logical block position. Some drives do not support this.
The count
argument is interpreted as a SCSI logical block to which to position the tape.
.It Cm rewind
Rewind the tape
@ -119,20 +124,26 @@ A count of 0 disables long erase, which is on by default.
Re-tension the tape
(one full wind forth and back, Count is ignored).
.It Cm status
Print status information about the tape unit. For SCSI magnetic tape devices,
Print status information about the tape unit.
For SCSI magnetic tape devices,
the current operating modes of density, blocksize, and whether compression
is enabled is reported. The current state of the driver (what it thinks that
it is doing with the device) is reported. If the driver knows the relative
position from BOT (in terms of filemarks and records), it prints that. Note
is enabled is reported.
The current state of the driver (what it thinks that
it is doing with the device) is reported.
If the driver knows the relative
position from BOT (in terms of filemarks and records), it prints that.
Note
that this information is not definitive (only BOT, End of Recorded Media, and
hardware or SCSI logical block position (if the drive supports such) are
considered definitive tape positions).
.It Cm errstat
Print (and clear) error status information about this device. For every normal
Print (and clear) error status information about this device.
For every normal
operation (e.g., a read or a write) and every control operation (e.g,, a
rewind), the driver stores up the last command executed and it's associated
status and any residual counts (if any). This command retrieves and prints this
information. If possible, this also clears any latched error information.
information.
If possible, this also clears any latched error information.
.It Cm blocksize
Set the block size for the tape unit. Zero means variable-length
blocks.
@ -147,18 +158,21 @@ given string and the resulting canonical density name do not match
exactly, an informational message is printed about what the given
string has been taken for.
.It Cm geteotmodel
Fetch and print out the current EOT filemark model. The model states how
Fetch and print out the current EOT filemark model.
The model states how
many filemarks will be written at close if a tape was being written.
.It Cm seteotmodel
Set (from the
.Ar count
argument)
and print out the current and EOT filemark model. Typically this will be
and print out the current and EOT filemark model.
Typically this will be
.Ar 2
filemarks, but some devices (typically QIC cartridge drives) can
only write
.Ar 1
filemark. Currently you can only choose a value of
filemark.
Currently you can only choose a value of
.Ar 1
or
.Ar 2 .
@ -282,7 +296,7 @@ NOTES
2. Parallel recorded.
3. Old format known as QIC-11.
5. Helical scan.
6. This is not an American National Standard. The reference is based on
6. This is not an American National Standard. The reference is based on
an industry standard definition of the media format.
.Ed

6
usr.bin/ncplist/ncplist.1
View file

@ -12,7 +12,8 @@
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm
command used to display state of ncplib and NetWare servers. First argument
command used to display state of ncplib and NetWare servers.
First argument
are one letter
.Ar command
following by optional
@ -57,7 +58,8 @@ Displays mounted volumes on given
.Sh FILES
.Bl -tag -width /var/log/wtmp -compact
.It Pa ~/.nwfsrc
keeps description for each connection. See
keeps description for each connection.
See
.Pa /usr/share/examples/nwclient/dot.nwfsrc
for details.

66
usr.bin/ncplogin/ncplogin.1
View file

@ -26,15 +26,19 @@
.Sh DESCRIPTION
Connections to a NetWare server can be created and used independently from
.Xr mount_nwfs 8
command. Connection can be created by any user. Each user can have multiple
command. Connection can be created by any user.
Each user can have multiple
connections, but NetWareServer:NetWareUser pair should be unique.
.Pp
The
.Nm ncplogin
command used to create permanent connection to a NetWare server. Permanent
connection will stay connected even if no applications use it. This allows
command used to create permanent connection to a NetWare server.
Permanent
connection will stay connected even if no applications use it.
This allows
user to run different ncp* programs without specifying file server and user
to use. This connection can be destroyed by
to use.
This connection can be destroyed by
.Xr ncplogout 1
command.
.Pp
@ -52,7 +56,8 @@ syntax.
The options are:
.Bl -tag -width indent
.It Fl S Ar server
name of NetWare server to connect. This affect only IPX severs for native IP
name of NetWare server to connect.
This affect only IPX severs for native IP
see
.Fl A
option.
@ -65,8 +70,10 @@ parameter.
.It Fl C
don't convert password to uppercase.
.It Fl D
Marks connection as primary. Can be used to modify already established
connection. Only
Marks connection as primary.
Can be used to modify already established
connection.
Only
.Nm
program accept that option.
.It Fl I Ar signature_level
@ -81,7 +88,8 @@ Value Meaning
.Ed
Please note that only packet headers signing are implemented.
.It Fl M Ar mode
Just like files connections can be shared by users. The bits in
Just like files connections can be shared by users.
The bits in
.Ar mode
argument behaves much like file permissions:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
@ -91,50 +99,62 @@ Mask Meaning
1 EXECUTE - user allowed to execute requests.
.Ed
By default connection created with mode 0700 and only owner can do
anything with it. If you want to share the connection, for example with group
you may specify 0750 value. This means group can do NCP request, but can't
destroy connection. When user doesn't explicitly specify server to use, ncp*
anything with it.
If you want to share the connection, for example with group
you may specify 0750 value.
This means group can do NCP request, but can't
destroy connection.
When user doesn't explicitly specify server to use, ncp*
programs try to find suitable connection in the next order:
.Pp
1. Try to find connection owned by user. If there is more than one such
connection it try to figure out which is primary. Primary flag controlled
1. Try to find connection owned by user.
If there is more than one such
connection it try to figure out which is primary.
Primary flag controlled
by
.Fl D
option.
.Pp
2. If previous fail, first shared connection will be used.
.It Fl N
don't ask for a password. While loading
don't ask for a password.
While loading
.Nm
reads ~/.nwfsrc file to get additional configuration parameters and
password. If no password found for the specified SERVER:USER pair,
password.
If no password found for the specified SERVER:USER pair,
.Nm
prompts for it.
.It Fl O
Just like files, connection has
.Ar owner and
.Ar group
attributes. Newly created connection takes
attributes.
Newly created connection takes
.Ar owner
parameter from creator's userid and
.Ar group
paramter
from creator's primary group.
This can be overrided with this option. Only superuser can override an
This can be overrided with this option.
Only superuser can override an
.Ar owner
parameter.
.It Fl P
Marks connection as permanent.
.Nm
always create permanent connection. This option can be used in other ncp*
always create permanent connection.
This option can be used in other ncp*
programs.
.It Fl R Ar retry_count
specifies number of retries before drop the connection. The default value is 10.
specifies number of retries before drop the connection.
The default value is 10.
Note: after connection marked 'BAD' each request will try to restore it.
This process restore only NCP connection, but do not reopen any opened files.
.It Fl W Ar timeout
This specifies server request timeout in seconds. The default is 5 seconds.
This specifies server request timeout in seconds.
The default is 5 seconds.
.It Ar /server:user
This syntax provided for the sake of simplicity and mutually exclusive with
.Fl S
@ -145,12 +165,14 @@ options.
.Sh FILES
.Bl -tag -width /var/log/wtmp -compact
.It Pa ~/.nwfsrc
keeps static parameters for connections and other information. See
keeps static parameters for connections and other information.
See
.Pa /usr/share/examples/nwclient/dot.nwfsrc
for details.
.Sh NOTES
Low level connection management performed by ncp.ko module. For an IPX
Low level connection management performed by ncp.ko module.
For an IPX
protocol it is also necessary to load IPXrouted program.
.Sh BUGS

15
usr.bin/ncplogin/ncplogout.1
View file

@ -18,20 +18,25 @@ The
.Nm
will shedule connection created by
.Xr ncplogin 1
command to close. If connection is busy (i.e. used by other processes) it will
be closed when last process terminated. This command is similar to DOS
command to close.
If connection is busy (i.e. used by other processes) it will
be closed when last process terminated.
This command is similar to DOS
logout.exe command.
.Pp
The options are:
.Bl -tag -width indent
.It Fl S Ar server
name of Netware server to identify connection. Can be omitted if there is only
name of Netware server to identify connection.
Can be omitted if there is only
one connection active.
.It Fl U Ar user
name of user used to identify connection. Can be omitted if there is only
name of user used to identify connection.
Can be omitted if there is only
one connection active.
.It Fl c Ar handle
close connection by handle. List of available handles can be obtained via
close connection by handle.
List of available handles can be obtained via
.Bd -literal -offset indent
ncplist c
.Ed

3
usr.bin/netstat/netstat.1
View file

@ -198,7 +198,8 @@ or
.Ar protocol,
respectively.
.It Fl L
Show the size of the various listen queues. The first count shows the
Show the size of the various listen queues.
The first count shows the
number of unaccepted connections.
The second count shows the amount of unaccepted incomplete connections.
The third count is the maximum number of queued connections.

42
usr.bin/passwd/passwd.1
View file

@ -110,13 +110,15 @@ The super-user is not required to provide a user's current password
if only the local password is modified.
.Sh NIS INTERACTION
.Nm Passwd
has built-in support for NIS. If a user exists in the NIS password
has built-in support for NIS.
If a user exists in the NIS password
database but does not exist locally,
.Nm passwd
automatically switches into
.if t ``yppasswd''
.if n "yppasswd"
mode. If the specified
mode.
If the specified
user does not exist in either the local password database of the
NIS password maps,
.Nm passwd
@ -129,9 +131,11 @@ daemon requires the original password before
it will allow any changes to the NIS password maps).
This restriction applies even to the
super-user, with one important exception: the password authentication is
bypassed for the super-user on the NIS master server. This means that
bypassed for the super-user on the NIS master server.
This means that
the super-user on the NIS master server can make unrestricted changes to
anyone's NIS password. The super-user on NIS client systems and NIS slave
anyone's NIS password.
The super-user on NIS client systems and NIS slave
servers still needs to provide a password before the update will be processed.
.Pp
The following additional options are supported for use with NIS:
@ -151,7 +155,8 @@ flag can be used to force
into
.if t ``local only''
.if n "local only"
mode. This flag can be used to change the entry
mode.
This flag can be used to change the entry
for a local user when an NIS user exists with the same login name.
For example, you will sometimes find entries for system
.if t ``placeholder''
@ -160,28 +165,35 @@ users such as
.Pa bin
or
.Pa daemon
in both the NIS password maps and the local user database. By
in both the NIS password maps and the local user database.
By
default,
.Nm passwd
will try to change the NIS password. The
will try to change the NIS password.
The
.Fl l
flag can be used to change the local password instead.
.It Fl d Ar domain
Specify what domain to use when changing an NIS password. By default,
Specify what domain to use when changing an NIS password.
By default,
.Nm passwd
assumes that the system default domain should be used. This flag is
assumes that the system default domain should be used.
This flag is
primarily for use by the superuser on the NIS master server: a single
NIS server can support multiple domains. It is also possible that the
NIS server can support multiple domains.
It is also possible that the
domainname on the NIS master may not be set (it is not necessary for
an NIS server to also be a client) in which case the
.Nm passwd
command needs to be told what domain to operate on.
.It Fl s Ar host
Specify the name of an NIS server. This option, in conjunction
Specify the name of an NIS server.
This option, in conjunction
with the
.Fl d
option, can be used to change an NIS password on a non-local NIS
server. When a domain is specified with the
server.
When a domain is specified with the
.Fl d
option and
.Nm passwd
@ -192,14 +204,16 @@ be
.if n "localhost".
This can be overidden with the
.Fl s
flag. The specified hostname need not be the name of an NIS master: the
flag.
The specified hostname need not be the name of an NIS master: the
name of the NIS master for a given map can be determined by querying any
NIS server (master or slave) in a domain, so specifying the name of a
slave server will work equally well.
.Pp
.It Fl o
Do not automatically override the password authentication checks for the
super-user on the NIS master server; assume 'old' mode instead. This
super-user on the NIS master server; assume 'old' mode instead.
This
flag is of limited practical use but is useful for testing.
.El
.Sh FILES

6
usr.bin/pr/pr.1
View file

@ -159,7 +159,8 @@ This option requires the use of the
.Fl column
option.
.It Fl d
Produce output that is double spaced. An extra
Produce output that is double spaced.
An extra
.Em <newline>
character is output following every
.Em <newline>
@ -266,7 +267,8 @@ output.
If
.Ar char
(any nondigit character) is given, it is appended to the line number to
separate it from whatever follows. The default for
separate it from whatever follows.
The default for
.Ar char
is a
.Em <tab> .

3
usr.bin/printenv/printenv.1
View file

@ -79,7 +79,8 @@ The options are as follows:
.It Fl i
Execute the
.Ar command
with only those environment values specified. The environment inherited
with only those environment values specified.
The environment inherited
by
.Nm env
is ignored completely.

48
usr.bin/rdist/rdist.1
View file

@ -90,7 +90,8 @@ If no names are specified on the command line,
will update all of the files and directories listed in
.Ar distfile .
Otherwise, the argument is taken to be the name of a file to be updated
or the label of a command to execute. If label and file names conflict,
or the label of a command to execute.
If label and file names conflict,
it is assumed to be a label.
These may be used together to update specific files
using specific commands.
@ -141,7 +142,8 @@ option is used to define or override variable definitions in the
can be the empty string, one name, or a list of names surrounded by
parentheses and separated by tabs and/or spaces.
.It Fl h
Follow symbolic links. Copy the file that the link points to rather than the
Follow symbolic links.
Copy the file that the link points to rather than the
link itself.
.It Fl i
Ignore unresolved links.
@ -149,42 +151,53 @@ Ignore unresolved links.
will normally try to maintain the link structure of files being transferred
and warn the user if all the links cannot be found.
.It Fl m Ar host
Limit which machines are to be updated. Multiple
Limit which machines are to be updated.
Multiple
.Fl m
arguments can be given to limit updates to a subset of the hosts listed in the
.Ar distfile .
.It Fl n
Print the commands without executing them. This option is
Print the commands without executing them.
This option is
useful for debugging
.Ar distfile .
.It Fl q
Quiet mode. Files that are being modified are normally
printed on standard output. The
Quiet mode.
Files that are being modified are normally
printed on standard output.
The
.Fl q
option suppresses this.
.It Fl R
Remove extraneous files. If a directory is being updated, any files that exist
Remove extraneous files.
If a directory is being updated, any files that exist
on the remote host that do not exist in the master directory are removed.
This is useful for maintaining truly identical copies of directories.
.It Fl v
Verify that the files are up to date on all the hosts. Any files
Verify that the files are up to date on all the hosts.
Any files
that are out of date will be displayed but no files will be changed
nor any mail sent.
.It Fl w
Whole mode. The whole file name is appended to the destination directory
name. Normally, only the last component of a name is used when renaming files.
Whole mode.
The whole file name is appended to the destination directory
name.
Normally, only the last component of a name is used when renaming files.
This will preserve the directory structure of the files being
copied instead of flattening the directory structure. For example,
copied instead of flattening the directory structure.
For example,
renaming a list of files such as ( dir1/f1 dir2/f2 ) to dir3 would create
files dir3/dir1/f1 and dir3/dir2/f2 instead of dir3/f1 and dir3/f2.
.It Fl y
Younger mode. Files are normally updated if their
Younger mode.
Files are normally updated if their
.Ar mtime
and
.Ar size
(see
.Xr stat 2 )
disagree. The
disagree.
The
.Fl y
option causes
.Nm
@ -199,7 +212,8 @@ Debug mode.
.Ar Distfile
contains a sequence of entries that specify the files
to be copied, the destination hosts, and what operations to perform
to do the updating. Each entry has one of the following formats.
to do the updating.
Each entry has one of the following formats.
.Pp
.Bd -literal -offset indent -compact
<variable name> `=' <name list>
@ -223,10 +237,12 @@ copied. Each file in the source list is added to a list of changes
if the file is out of date on the host which is being updated (second format) or
the file is newer than the time stamp file (third format).
.Pp
Labels are optional. They are used to identify a command for partial updates.
Labels are optional.
They are used to identify a command for partial updates.
.Pp
Newlines, tabs, and blanks are only used as separators and are
otherwise ignored. Comments begin with `#' and end with a newline.
otherwise ignored.
Comments begin with `#' and end with a newline.
.Pp
Variables to be expanded begin with `$' followed by one character or
a name enclosed in curly braces (see the examples at the end).

15
usr.bin/rpcgen/rpcgen.1
View file

@ -87,7 +87,8 @@ dispatch table in
.Pp
.Nm Rpcgen
can also generate sample client and server files
that can be customized to suit a particular application. The
that can be customized to suit a particular application.
The
.Fl \&Sc ,
.Fl \&Ss
and
@ -95,7 +96,8 @@ and
options generate sample client, server and makefile, respectively.
The
.Fl a
option generates all files, including sample files. If the
option generates all files, including sample files.
If the
.Ar infile
is
.Pa proto.x ,
@ -286,7 +288,8 @@ header which supports
dispatch tables.
.It Fl i Ar size
Size at which to start generating inline code.
This option is useful for optimization. The default size is 5.
This option is useful for optimization.
The default size is 5.
.Pp
Note: in order to provide backwards compatibility with the older
.Nm
@ -371,8 +374,10 @@ and for users who need to write their own
routine to do initialization.
.It Fl M
Generate multithread-safe stubs for passing arguments and results between
rpcgen generated code and user written code. This option is useful
for users who want to use threads in their code. However, the
rpcgen generated code and user written code.
This option is useful
for users who want to use threads in their code.
However, the
.Xr rpc_svc_calls 3
functions are not yet MT-safe, which means that rpcgen generated server-side
code will not be MT-safe.

9
usr.bin/rusers/rusers.1
View file

@ -48,9 +48,11 @@ The
command produces output similar to
.Xr who ,
but for the list of hosts or all machines on the local
network. For each host responding to the rusers query,
network.
For each host responding to the rusers query,
the hostname with the names of the users currently logged
on is printed on each line. The rusers command will wait for
on is printed on each line.
The rusers command will wait for
one minute to catch late responders.
.Pp
The following options are available:
@ -58,7 +60,8 @@ The following options are available:
.It Fl a
Print all machines responding even if no one is currently logged in.
.It Fl l
Print a long format listing. This includes the user name, host name,
Print a long format listing.
This includes the user name, host name,
tty that the user is logged in to, the date and time the user
logged in, the amount of time since the user typed on the keyboard,
and the remote host they logged in from (if applicable).

3
usr.bin/rwall/rwall.1
View file

@ -45,7 +45,8 @@
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm
command sends a message to the users logged into the specified host. The
command sends a message to the users logged into the specified host.
The
message to be sent can be typed in and terminated with EOF or it can
be in a
.Ar file .

12
usr.bin/sasc/sasc.1
View file

@ -49,10 +49,12 @@
The
.Nm
utility provides shell level access to the ioctl
requests served by the handy scanner device driver asc. Please see
requests served by the handy scanner device driver asc.
Please see
.Xr asc 4
for the exact meaning of the requests. Generally they modify
the output and behavior of the asc scanner device. When
the output and behavior of the asc scanner device.
When
.Nm
is called with no option only the current settings are reported.
.Sh OPTIONS
@ -65,9 +67,11 @@ Operate in quiet mode, i.e. do not report any of the current settings.
Normally the parameters are shown after the modifications have been
performed.
.It Fl f Ar file
Operate on a different scanner device node given by filename. Note
Operate on a different scanner device node given by filename.
Note
that even though there may exist more than one node of scanner device
several of them will refer the same device unit. The modifications are
several of them will refer the same device unit.
The modifications are
performed od the unit regardless of the device node by which it is
accessed.
.It Fl r Ar resolution Bq ASC_SRES

3
usr.bin/script/script.1
View file

@ -121,7 +121,8 @@ If the variable
.Ev SHELL
exists, the shell forked by
.Nm
will be that shell. If
will be that shell.
If
.Ev SHELL
is not set, the Bourne shell
is assumed. (Most shells set this variable automatically).

3
usr.bin/showmount/showmount.8
View file

@ -54,7 +54,8 @@ server on
By default it prints the names of all hosts that have
.Tn NFS
file systems mounted
on the host. See
on the host.
See
.%T "NFS: Network File System Protocol Specification" ,
RFC 1094,
Appendix A,

3
usr.bin/sockstat/sockstat.1
View file

@ -37,7 +37,8 @@
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm
command lists open Internet sockets. The information listed for each
command lists open Internet sockets.
The information listed for each
socket is:
.Bl -tag -width "FOREIGN ADDRESS"
.It Li USER

3
usr.bin/su/su.1
View file

@ -131,7 +131,8 @@ non-zero,
.Nm
will fail.
.It Fl c Ar class
Use the settings of the specified login class. Only allowed for the super-user.
Use the settings of the specified login class.
Only allowed for the super-user.
.El
.Pp
The

3
usr.bin/talk/talk.1
View file

@ -80,7 +80,8 @@ talk: connection requested by your_name@your_machine.
talk: respond with: talk your_name@your_machine
.Ed
.Pp
to the user you wish to talk to. At this point, the recipient
to the user you wish to talk to.
At this point, the recipient
of the message should reply by typing
.Pp
.Dl talk \ your_name@your_machine

9
usr.bin/tcopy/tcopy.1
View file

@ -90,7 +90,8 @@ command appeared in
.Bx 4.3 .
.Sh BUGS
Writting an image of a tape to a file does not preserve much more than
the raw data. Block size(s) and tape EOF marks are lost which would
the raw data.
Block size(s) and tape EOF marks are lost which would
otherwise be preserved in a tape-to-tape copy.
EOD is determined by two sequential EOF marks with no data between.
@ -101,6 +102,8 @@ will erroneously stop copying early in this case.
When using the copy/verify option \-c
.Xr tcopy 1
does not rewind the tapes prior to start. A rewind is performed
after writing prior to the verification stage. If one doesn't start
does not rewind the tapes prior to start.
A rewind is performed
after writing prior to the verification stage.
If one doesn't start
at BOT then the comparison may not be of the intended data.

6
usr.bin/tip/tip/tip.1
View file

@ -312,12 +312,14 @@ writes when receiving files; abbreviated
.Ar ho .
.It Ar login
(str) Pathname of a login shell script to run once connected; standard input
and output are redirected to the remote host. Leading tildes in the pathname
and output are redirected to the remote host.
Leading tildes in the pathname
are expanded expansion; abbreviated
.Ar li .
.It Ar logout
(str) Pathname of a shell script to run before disconnecting; standard input
and output are redirected to the remote host. Leading tildes in the pathname
and output are redirected to the remote host.
Leading tildes in the pathname
are expanded expansion; abbreviated
.Ar lo .
.It Ar prompt

3
usr.bin/uuencode/uuencode.1
View file

@ -93,7 +93,8 @@ Decode
.Ar file
and write output to standard output.
.It Fl s
Do not strip output pathname to base filename. By default
Do not strip output pathname to base filename.
By default
.Nm uudecode
deletes any prefix ending with the last slash '/' for security
purpose.

3
usr.bin/uuencode/uuencode.format.5
View file

@ -77,7 +77,8 @@ Character 64 represents a count of zero.
.Pp
Groups of 3 bytes are stored in 4 characters, 6 bits per character.
All characters are always in range from 1 to 64 and are offset by a
space (octal 40) to make the characters printing. Character
space (octal 40) to make the characters printing.
Character
64 represents a count of zero.
The last line may be shorter than the normal 45 bytes.
If the size is not a multiple of 3, this fact can be determined

3
usr.bin/vacation/vacation.1
View file

@ -75,7 +75,8 @@ Handle messages for
in the same manner as those received for the user's
login name.
.It Fl d
Enable debugging mode. See below.
Enable debugging mode.
See below.
.It Fl i
Initialize the vacation database files. It should be used
before you modify your

9
usr.bin/whois/whois.1
View file

@ -89,17 +89,20 @@ for most of
.Tn \&.ORG
and
.Tn \&.EDU
domains. NOTE! The registration of these domains is now done by a number of
domains.
NOTE! The registration of these domains is now done by a number of
independent and competing registrars and this database holds no information
on the domains registered by organizations other than Network Solutions, Inc.
Also, note that the InterNIC database
.Pq Tn whois.internic.net
is no longer handled by Network Solutions, Inc. For details, see:
is no longer handled by Network Solutions, Inc.
For details, see:
http://www.internic.net/.
.It Fl m
Use the Route Arbiter Database
.Pq Tn RADB
database. It contains route policy specifications for a large
database.
It contains route policy specifications for a large
number of operators' networks.
.It Fl p
Use the Asia/Pacific Network Information Center

6
usr.bin/xinstall/install.1
View file

@ -107,7 +107,8 @@ Specify the target's file flags; see
.Xr chflags 1
for a list of possible flags and their meanings.
.It Fl g
Specify a group. A numeric GID is allowed.
Specify a group.
A numeric GID is allowed.
.It Fl M
Disable all use of
.Xr mmap 2 .
@ -118,7 +119,8 @@ The specified mode may be either an octal or symbolic value; see
.Xr chmod 1
for a description of possible mode values.
.It Fl o
Specify an owner. A numeric UID is allowed.
Specify an owner.
A numeric UID is allowed.
.It Fl p
Preserve the modification time.
Copy the file, as if the

99
usr.bin/xlint/xlint/lint.1
View file

@ -61,7 +61,8 @@
.Nm
attempts to detect features of the named C program files
that are likely to be bugs, to be non-portable, or to be
wasteful. It also performs stricter type checking then does
wasteful.
It also performs stricter type checking then does
the C compiler.
.Nm
runs the C preprocessor as its first phase, with the
@ -77,7 +78,8 @@ word for all code that is to be checked by
Among the possible problems that are currently noted are
unreachable statements, loops not entered at the top,
variables declared and not used, and logical expressions
with constant values. Function calls are checked for
with constant values.
Function calls are checked for
inconsistencies, such as calls to functions that return
values in some places and not in others, functions called
with varying numbers of arguments, function calls that
@ -88,7 +90,8 @@ the non-existent return value of the function.
.Pp
Filename arguments ending with
.Pa \&.c
are taken to be C source files. Filename arguments with
are taken to be C source files.
Filename arguments with
names ending with
.Pa \&.ln
are taken to be the result of an earlier invocation of
@ -98,7 +101,8 @@ with either the
.Fl o
or
.Fl C
option in effect. The
option in effect.
The
.Pa \&.ln
files are analogous to the
.Pa \&.o
@ -123,7 +127,8 @@ By default,
.Nm
appends the standard C lint library
.Pq Pa llib-lc.ln
to the end of the list of files. When the
to the end of the list of files.
When the
.Fl i
option is used, the
.Pa \&.ln
@ -134,13 +139,15 @@ or
.Fl i
options are used, the
.Pa llib-l Ns Ar library Ns Pa \&.ln
files are ignored. When the
files are ignored.
When the
.Fl i
option is
.Em omitted
the second pass of
.Nm
checks this list of files for mutual compatibility. At this point,
checks this list of files for mutual compatibility.
At this point,
if a complaint stems not from a given source file, but from one of
its included files, the source filename will be printed followed by
a question mark.
@ -162,7 +169,8 @@ cause implicit narrowing conversion.
.It Fl b
Report
.Sy break
statements that cannot be reached. This is not the default
statements that cannot be reached.
This is not the default
because, unfortunately, most
.Xr lex 1
and many
@ -180,11 +188,13 @@ and
.It Fl g
Don't print warnings for some extensions of
.Xr gcc 1
to the C language. Currently these are nonconstant initializers in
to the C language.
Currently these are nonconstant initializers in
automatic aggregate initializations, arithmetic on pointer to void,
zero sized structures, subscripting of non-lvalue arrays, prototypes
overriding old style function declarations and long long
integer types. The
integer types.
The
.Fl g
flag also turns on the keywords
.Sy asm
@ -203,7 +213,8 @@ Produce a
.Pa \&.ln
file for every
.Pa \&.c
file on the command line. These
file on the command line.
These
.Pa \&.ln
files are the product of
.Nm lint Ns 's
@ -217,7 +228,8 @@ Attempt to check portability of code to other dialects of C.
In case of redeclarations report the position of the
previous declaration.
.It Fl s
Strict ANSI C mode. Issue warnings and errors required by ANSI C.
Strict ANSI C mode.
Issue warnings and errors required by ANSI C.
Also do not produce warnings for constructs which behave
differently in traditional C and ANSI C. With the
.Fl s
@ -227,14 +239,17 @@ is a predefined preprocessor macro.
.It Fl t
Traditional C mode.
.Li __STDC__
is not predefined in this mode. Warnings are printed for constructs
is not predefined in this mode.
Warnings are printed for constructs
not allowed in traditional C. Warnings for constructs which behave
differently in traditional C and ANSI C are suppressed. Preprocessor
differently in traditional C and ANSI C are suppressed.
Preprocessor
macros describing the machine type (e.g.
.Li sun3 Ns )
and machine architecture (e.g.
.Li m68k Ns )
are defined without leading and trailing underscores. The keywords
are defined without leading and trailing underscores.
The keywords
.Sy const Ns ,
.Sy volatile
and
@ -266,7 +281,8 @@ This library is built from all
.Pa \&.c
and
.Pa \&.ln
input files. After all global definitions of functions and
input files.
After all global definitions of functions and
variables in these files are written to the newly created library,
.Nm
checks all input files, including libraries specified with the
@ -279,7 +295,8 @@ for
.Xr cpp 1 ,
as if by a
.Li #define
directive. If no definition is given,
directive.
If no definition is given,
.Ar name
is defined as 1.
.It Fl I Ns Ar directory
@ -309,16 +326,19 @@ Name the output file
.Ar outputfile .
The output file produced is the input that is given to
.Nm lint Ns 's
second pass. The
second pass.
The
.Fl o
option simply saves this file in the named output file. If the
option simply saves this file in the named output file.
If the
.Fl i
option is also used the files are not checked for compatibility.
To produce a
.Pa llib-l Ns Ar library Ns Pa \&.ln
without extraneous messages, use of the
.Fl u
option is suggested. The
option is suggested.
The
.Fl v
option is useful if the source file(s) for the lint library
are just external interfaces.
@ -362,7 +382,8 @@ suppress complaints about fall through to a
.Sy case
or
.Sy default
labelled statement. This directive should be placed immediately
labelled statement.
This directive should be placed immediately
preceding the label.
.It Li /* LINTLIBRARY */
At the beginning of a file, mark all functions and variables defined
@ -377,7 +398,8 @@ Also shut off complaints about unused function arguments.
.Li */
.Xc
Suppresses any intra-file warning except those dealing with
unused variables or functions. This directive should be placed
unused variables or functions.
This directive should be placed
on the line immediately preceding where the lint warning occurred.
.It Li /* LONGLONG */
Suppress complaints about use of long long integer types.
@ -391,7 +413,8 @@ makes
.Nm
check the first
.Pq Ar n Ns No -1
arguments as usual. The
arguments as usual.
The
.Ar n Ns No -th
argument is interpreted as a
.Sy printf
@ -402,10 +425,12 @@ causes
to treat function declaration prototypes as function definitions
if
.Ar n
is non-zero. This directive can only be used in conjunction with
is non-zero.
This directive can only be used in conjunction with
the
.Li /* LINTLIBRARY */
directive. If
directive.
If
.Ar n
is zero, function prototypes will be treated normally.
.It Li /* SCANFLIKE Ns Ar n Li */
@ -413,14 +438,16 @@ makes
.Nm
check the first
.Pq Ar n Ns No -1
arguments as usual. The
arguments as usual.
The
.Ar n Ns No -th
argument is interpreted as a
.Sy scanf
format string that is used to check the remaining arguments.
.It Li /* VARARGS Ns Ar n Li */
Suppress the usual checking for variable numbers of arguments in
the following function declaration. The data types of the first
the following function declaration.
The data types of the first
.Ar n
arguments are checked; a missing
.Ar n
@ -433,16 +460,19 @@ and the
.Fl o
options allows for incremental use of
.Nm
on a set of C source files. Generally, one invokes
on a set of C source files.
Generally, one invokes
.Nm
once for each source file with the
.Fl i
option. Each of these invocations produces a
option.
Each of these invocations produces a
.Pa \&.ln
file that corresponds to the
.Pa \&.c
file, and prints all messages that are about just that
source file. After all the source files have been separately
source file.
After all the source files have been separately
run through
.Nm lint ,
it is invoked once more (without the
@ -451,7 +481,8 @@ option), listing all the
.Pa \&.ln
files with the needed
.Fl l Ns Ar library
options. this will print all the inter-file inconsistencies. This
options. this will print all the inter-file inconsistencies.
This
scheme works well with
.Xr make 1 ;
it allows
@ -466,7 +497,8 @@ time the set of source files were
.It Ev LIBDIR
the directory where the lint libraries specified by the
.Fl l Ns Ar library
option must exist. If this environment variable is undefined,
option must exist.
If this environment variable is undefined,
then the default path
.Pa /usr/libdata/lint
will be used to search for the libraries.
@ -505,7 +537,8 @@ option will, when used in later
runs, cause certain errors that were reported when the libraries
were created to be reported again, and cause line numbers and file
names from the original source used to create those libraries
to be reported in error messages. For these reasons, it is recommended
to be reported in error messages.
For these reasons, it is recommended
to use the
.Fl C
option to create lint libraries.