diff --git a/contrib/unbound/SECURITY.md b/contrib/unbound/SECURITY.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..5770ccd79918
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/unbound/SECURITY.md
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# Security Policy
+
+## Supported Versions
+
+NLnet Labs adheres to the straightforward, semantic versioning scheme that is
+commonly used in the software industry.
+
+Support is provided in respect of the latest release, i.e. releases with the
+highest minor and patch version level. We do not backport security fixes to
+older (minor) versions. In the event a new major version is released (e.g.  from
+3.2.18 to 4.0.0), support will also be provided on the latest minor  version of
+the previous major version (3.2.18) for a period of one year from the release of
+the new major version (4.0.0).
+
+In the event that, during this period, a new patch or minor version of the
+previous major version is released, then support on these versions will only be
+provided for the remainder of the one-year-period.
+
+You can find detailed information on our software support policy here:
+
+https://www.nlnetlabs.nl/support/software-support-policy/
+
+## Reporting a Vulnerability
+
+We take security very seriously. If you have discovered a security vulnerability
+in one of our projects and you would like to report it to us, you can send an
+encrypted message to our Security Entry Point.
+
+Details are described here:
+
+https://www.nlnetlabs.nl/security-report/
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/cachedb/cachedb.c b/contrib/unbound/cachedb/cachedb.c
index 725bc6ce8b38..b07743d85259 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/cachedb/cachedb.c
+++ b/contrib/unbound/cachedb/cachedb.c
@@ -662,7 +662,7 @@ cachedb_intcache_store(struct module_qstate* qstate)
 		return;
 	(void)dns_cache_store(qstate->env, &qstate->qinfo,
 		qstate->return_msg->rep, 0, qstate->prefetch_leeway, 0,
-		qstate->region, store_flags);
+		qstate->region, store_flags, qstate->qstarttime);
 }
 
 /**
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/configure b/contrib/unbound/configure
index 0029d5b42782..cc44a57502af 100755
--- a/contrib/unbound/configure
+++ b/contrib/unbound/configure
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #! /bin/sh
 # Guess values for system-dependent variables and create Makefiles.
-# Generated by GNU Autoconf 2.69 for unbound 1.16.1.
+# Generated by GNU Autoconf 2.69 for unbound 1.16.2.
 #
 # Report bugs to <unbound-bugs@nlnetlabs.nl or https://github.com/NLnetLabs/unbound/issues>.
 #
@@ -591,8 +591,8 @@ MAKEFLAGS=
 # Identity of this package.
 PACKAGE_NAME='unbound'
 PACKAGE_TARNAME='unbound'
-PACKAGE_VERSION='1.16.1'
-PACKAGE_STRING='unbound 1.16.1'
+PACKAGE_VERSION='1.16.2'
+PACKAGE_STRING='unbound 1.16.2'
 PACKAGE_BUGREPORT='unbound-bugs@nlnetlabs.nl or https://github.com/NLnetLabs/unbound/issues'
 PACKAGE_URL=''
 
@@ -1477,7 +1477,7 @@ if test "$ac_init_help" = "long"; then
   # Omit some internal or obsolete options to make the list less imposing.
   # This message is too long to be a string in the A/UX 3.1 sh.
   cat <<_ACEOF
-\`configure' configures unbound 1.16.1 to adapt to many kinds of systems.
+\`configure' configures unbound 1.16.2 to adapt to many kinds of systems.
 
 Usage: $0 [OPTION]... [VAR=VALUE]...
 
@@ -1543,7 +1543,7 @@ fi
 
 if test -n "$ac_init_help"; then
   case $ac_init_help in
-     short | recursive ) echo "Configuration of unbound 1.16.1:";;
+     short | recursive ) echo "Configuration of unbound 1.16.2:";;
    esac
   cat <<\_ACEOF
 
@@ -1785,7 +1785,7 @@ fi
 test -n "$ac_init_help" && exit $ac_status
 if $ac_init_version; then
   cat <<\_ACEOF
-unbound configure 1.16.1
+unbound configure 1.16.2
 generated by GNU Autoconf 2.69
 
 Copyright (C) 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@@ -2494,7 +2494,7 @@ cat >config.log <<_ACEOF
 This file contains any messages produced by compilers while
 running configure, to aid debugging if configure makes a mistake.
 
-It was created by unbound $as_me 1.16.1, which was
+It was created by unbound $as_me 1.16.2, which was
 generated by GNU Autoconf 2.69.  Invocation command line was
 
   $ $0 $@
@@ -2846,11 +2846,11 @@ UNBOUND_VERSION_MAJOR=1
 
 UNBOUND_VERSION_MINOR=16
 
-UNBOUND_VERSION_MICRO=1
+UNBOUND_VERSION_MICRO=2
 
 
 LIBUNBOUND_CURRENT=9
-LIBUNBOUND_REVISION=17
+LIBUNBOUND_REVISION=18
 LIBUNBOUND_AGE=1
 # 1.0.0 had 0:12:0
 # 1.0.1 had 0:13:0
@@ -2935,6 +2935,7 @@ LIBUNBOUND_AGE=1
 # 1.15.0 had 9:15:1
 # 1.16.0 had 9:16:1
 # 1.16.1 had 9:17:1
+# 1.16.2 had 9:18:1
 
 #   Current  -- the number of the binary API that we're implementing
 #   Revision -- which iteration of the implementation of the binary
@@ -22013,7 +22014,7 @@ _ACEOF
 
 
 
-version=1.16.1
+version=1.16.2
 
 date=`date +'%b %e, %Y'`
 
@@ -22532,7 +22533,7 @@ cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<\_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
 # report actual input values of CONFIG_FILES etc. instead of their
 # values after options handling.
 ac_log="
-This file was extended by unbound $as_me 1.16.1, which was
+This file was extended by unbound $as_me 1.16.2, which was
 generated by GNU Autoconf 2.69.  Invocation command line was
 
   CONFIG_FILES    = $CONFIG_FILES
@@ -22598,7 +22599,7 @@ _ACEOF
 cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
 ac_cs_config="`$as_echo "$ac_configure_args" | sed 's/^ //; s/[\\""\`\$]/\\\\&/g'`"
 ac_cs_version="\\
-unbound config.status 1.16.1
+unbound config.status 1.16.2
 configured by $0, generated by GNU Autoconf 2.69,
   with options \\"\$ac_cs_config\\"
 
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/configure.ac b/contrib/unbound/configure.ac
index e41c811ae826..224501b3afbe 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/configure.ac
+++ b/contrib/unbound/configure.ac
@@ -11,14 +11,14 @@ sinclude(dnscrypt/dnscrypt.m4)
 # must be numbers. ac_defun because of later processing
 m4_define([VERSION_MAJOR],[1])
 m4_define([VERSION_MINOR],[16])
-m4_define([VERSION_MICRO],[1])
+m4_define([VERSION_MICRO],[2])
 AC_INIT([unbound],m4_defn([VERSION_MAJOR]).m4_defn([VERSION_MINOR]).m4_defn([VERSION_MICRO]),[unbound-bugs@nlnetlabs.nl or https://github.com/NLnetLabs/unbound/issues],[unbound])
 AC_SUBST(UNBOUND_VERSION_MAJOR, [VERSION_MAJOR])
 AC_SUBST(UNBOUND_VERSION_MINOR, [VERSION_MINOR])
 AC_SUBST(UNBOUND_VERSION_MICRO, [VERSION_MICRO])
 
 LIBUNBOUND_CURRENT=9
-LIBUNBOUND_REVISION=17
+LIBUNBOUND_REVISION=18
 LIBUNBOUND_AGE=1
 # 1.0.0 had 0:12:0
 # 1.0.1 had 0:13:0
@@ -103,6 +103,7 @@ LIBUNBOUND_AGE=1
 # 1.15.0 had 9:15:1
 # 1.16.0 had 9:16:1
 # 1.16.1 had 9:17:1
+# 1.16.2 had 9:18:1
 
 #   Current  -- the number of the binary API that we're implementing
 #   Revision -- which iteration of the implementation of the binary
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/daemon/cachedump.c b/contrib/unbound/daemon/cachedump.c
index b929f909bab2..baf8008ea80f 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/daemon/cachedump.c
+++ b/contrib/unbound/daemon/cachedump.c
@@ -679,7 +679,8 @@ load_msg(RES* ssl, sldns_buffer* buf, struct worker* worker)
 	if(!go_on) 
 		return 1; /* skip this one, not all references satisfied */
 
-	if(!dns_cache_store(&worker->env, &qinf, &rep, 0, 0, 0, NULL, flags)) {
+	if(!dns_cache_store(&worker->env, &qinf, &rep, 0, 0, 0, NULL, flags,
+		*worker->env.now)) {
 		log_warn("error out of memory");
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -850,7 +851,7 @@ int print_deleg_lookup(RES* ssl, struct worker* worker, uint8_t* nm,
 	while(1) {
 		dp = dns_cache_find_delegation(&worker->env, nm, nmlen, 
 			qinfo.qtype, qinfo.qclass, region, &msg, 
-			*worker->env.now);
+			*worker->env.now, 0, NULL, 0);
 		if(!dp) {
 			return ssl_printf(ssl, "no delegation from "
 				"cache; goes to configured roots\n");
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/daemon/worker.c b/contrib/unbound/daemon/worker.c
index 27626ce938ca..010c4dc0a281 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/daemon/worker.c
+++ b/contrib/unbound/daemon/worker.c
@@ -459,7 +459,7 @@ answer_norec_from_cache(struct worker* worker, struct query_info* qinfo,
 
 	dp = dns_cache_find_delegation(&worker->env, qinfo->qname, 
 		qinfo->qname_len, qinfo->qtype, qinfo->qclass,
-		worker->scratchpad, &msg, timenow);
+		worker->scratchpad, &msg, timenow, 0, NULL, 0);
 	if(!dp) { /* no delegation, need to reprime */
 		return 0;
 	}
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/dns64/dns64.c b/contrib/unbound/dns64/dns64.c
index d01b436e1d6c..4b98b609e2d3 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/dns64/dns64.c
+++ b/contrib/unbound/dns64/dns64.c
@@ -652,7 +652,7 @@ handle_event_moddone(struct module_qstate* qstate, int id)
 	if ( (!iq || !iq->started_no_cache_store) &&
 		qstate->return_msg && qstate->return_msg->rep &&
 		!dns_cache_store(qstate->env, &qstate->qinfo, qstate->return_msg->rep,
-		0, 0, 0, NULL, qstate->query_flags))
+		0, 0, 0, NULL, qstate->query_flags, qstate->qstarttime))
 		log_err("out of memory");
 
 	/* do nothing */
@@ -991,7 +991,7 @@ dns64_inform_super(struct module_qstate* qstate, int id,
 	/* Store the generated response in cache. */
 	if ( (!super_dq || !super_dq->started_no_cache_store) &&
 		!dns_cache_store(super->env, &super->qinfo, super->return_msg->rep,
-		0, 0, 0, NULL, super->query_flags))
+		0, 0, 0, NULL, super->query_flags, qstate->qstarttime))
 		log_err("out of memory");
 }
 
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/doc/Changelog b/contrib/unbound/doc/Changelog
index d3573190e7e2..13f0f11749e0 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/doc/Changelog
+++ b/contrib/unbound/doc/Changelog
@@ -1,3 +1,30 @@
+1 August 2022: Wouter
+	- Fix the novel ghost domain issues CVE-2022-30698 and CVE-2022-30699.
+	- Tests for ghost domain fixes.
+
+19 July 2022: George
+	- Update documentation for 'outbound-msg-retry:'.
+
+19 July 2022: Wouter
+	- Merge #718: Introduce infra-cache-max-rtt option to config max
+	  retransmit timeout.
+
+15 July 2022: Wouter
+	- Merge PR 714: Avoid treat normal hosts as unresponsive servers.
+	  And fixup the lock code.
+	- iana portlist update.
+
+12 July 2022: George
+	- For windows crosscompile, fix setting the IPV6_MTU socket option
+	  equivalent (IPV6_USER_MTU); allows cross compiling with latest
+	  cross-compiler versions.
+
+12 July 2022: Wouter
+	- Fix dname count in sldns parse type descriptor for SVCB and HTTPS.
+
+11 July 2022: Wouter
+	- Fix verbose EDE error printout.
+
 4 July 2022: George
 	- Fix bug introduced in 'improve val_sigcrypt.c::algo_needs_missing for
 	  one loop pass'.
@@ -5,7 +32,8 @@
 	  outbound tcp sockets.
 
 4 July 2022: Wouter
-	- Tag for 1.16.1rc1 release.
+	- Tag for 1.16.1rc1 release. This became 1.16.1 on 11 July 2022.
+	  The code repo continues with version 1.16.2 under development.
 
 3 July 2022: George
 	- Merge PR #671 from Petr Menšík: Disable ED25519 and ED448 in FIPS
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/doc/README b/contrib/unbound/doc/README
index 13992ac7f9ec..a6377d85c71e 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/doc/README
+++ b/contrib/unbound/doc/README
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-README for Unbound 1.16.1
+README for Unbound 1.16.2
 Copyright 2007 NLnet Labs
 http://unbound.net
 
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/doc/example.conf.in b/contrib/unbound/doc/example.conf.in
index b01d2c58dbfe..087e6364297f 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/doc/example.conf.in
+++ b/contrib/unbound/doc/example.conf.in
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #
 # Example configuration file.
 #
-# See unbound.conf(5) man page, version 1.16.1.
+# See unbound.conf(5) man page, version 1.16.2.
 #
 # this is a comment.
 
@@ -168,7 +168,8 @@ server:
 	# perform connect for UDP sockets to mitigate ICMP side channel.
 	# udp-connect: yes
 
-	# The number of retries when a non-positive response is received.
+	# The number of retries, per upstream nameserver in a delegation, when
+	# a throwaway response (also timeouts) is received.
 	# outbound-msg-retry: 5
 
 	# msec for waiting for an unknown server to reply.  Increase if you
@@ -202,6 +203,9 @@ server:
 	# minimum wait time for responses, increase if uplink is long. In msec.
 	# infra-cache-min-rtt: 50
 
+	# maximum wait time for responses. In msec.
+	# infra-cache-max-rtt: 120000
+
 	# enable to make server probe down hosts more frequently.
 	# infra-keep-probing: no
 
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/doc/libunbound.3.in b/contrib/unbound/doc/libunbound.3.in
index 8049e3ae29d3..543e628fd22a 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/doc/libunbound.3.in
+++ b/contrib/unbound/doc/libunbound.3.in
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-.TH "libunbound" "3" "Jul 11, 2022" "NLnet Labs" "unbound 1.16.1"
+.TH "libunbound" "3" "Aug  1, 2022" "NLnet Labs" "unbound 1.16.2"
 .\"
 .\" libunbound.3 -- unbound library functions manual
 .\"
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
 .B ub_ctx_zone_remove,
 .B ub_ctx_data_add,
 .B ub_ctx_data_remove
-\- Unbound DNS validating resolver 1.16.1 functions.
+\- Unbound DNS validating resolver 1.16.2 functions.
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"
 .B #include <unbound.h>
 .LP
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/doc/unbound-anchor.8.in b/contrib/unbound/doc/unbound-anchor.8.in
index 85b71fd30b8e..7fc316855320 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/doc/unbound-anchor.8.in
+++ b/contrib/unbound/doc/unbound-anchor.8.in
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-.TH "unbound-anchor" "8" "Jul 11, 2022" "NLnet Labs" "unbound 1.16.1"
+.TH "unbound-anchor" "8" "Aug  1, 2022" "NLnet Labs" "unbound 1.16.2"
 .\"
 .\" unbound-anchor.8 -- unbound anchor maintenance utility manual
 .\"
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/doc/unbound-checkconf.8.in b/contrib/unbound/doc/unbound-checkconf.8.in
index 8133feeaa364..628f841b36f4 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/doc/unbound-checkconf.8.in
+++ b/contrib/unbound/doc/unbound-checkconf.8.in
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-.TH "unbound-checkconf" "8" "Jul 11, 2022" "NLnet Labs" "unbound 1.16.1"
+.TH "unbound-checkconf" "8" "Aug  1, 2022" "NLnet Labs" "unbound 1.16.2"
 .\"
 .\" unbound-checkconf.8 -- unbound configuration checker manual
 .\"
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/doc/unbound-control.8.in b/contrib/unbound/doc/unbound-control.8.in
index 128101e2f887..d18a407cb5eb 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/doc/unbound-control.8.in
+++ b/contrib/unbound/doc/unbound-control.8.in
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-.TH "unbound-control" "8" "Jul 11, 2022" "NLnet Labs" "unbound 1.16.1"
+.TH "unbound-control" "8" "Aug  1, 2022" "NLnet Labs" "unbound 1.16.2"
 .\"
 .\" unbound-control.8 -- unbound remote control manual
 .\"
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/doc/unbound-host.1.in b/contrib/unbound/doc/unbound-host.1.in
index fb73e625df47..d3b701fb9e48 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/doc/unbound-host.1.in
+++ b/contrib/unbound/doc/unbound-host.1.in
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-.TH "unbound\-host" "1" "Jul 11, 2022" "NLnet Labs" "unbound 1.16.1"
+.TH "unbound\-host" "1" "Aug  1, 2022" "NLnet Labs" "unbound 1.16.2"
 .\"
 .\" unbound-host.1 -- unbound DNS lookup utility
 .\"
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/doc/unbound.8.in b/contrib/unbound/doc/unbound.8.in
index bc768c6a151b..73b9e4b7a8d0 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/doc/unbound.8.in
+++ b/contrib/unbound/doc/unbound.8.in
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-.TH "unbound" "8" "Jul 11, 2022" "NLnet Labs" "unbound 1.16.1"
+.TH "unbound" "8" "Aug  1, 2022" "NLnet Labs" "unbound 1.16.2"
 .\"
 .\" unbound.8 -- unbound manual
 .\"
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 .\"
 .SH "NAME"
 .B unbound
-\- Unbound DNS validating resolver 1.16.1.
+\- Unbound DNS validating resolver 1.16.2.
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"
 .B unbound
 .RB [ \-h ]
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/doc/unbound.conf.5.in b/contrib/unbound/doc/unbound.conf.5.in
index 1157a2d1975f..47250e4f88f0 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/doc/unbound.conf.5.in
+++ b/contrib/unbound/doc/unbound.conf.5.in
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-.TH "unbound.conf" "5" "Jul 11, 2022" "NLnet Labs" "unbound 1.16.1"
+.TH "unbound.conf" "5" "Aug  1, 2022" "NLnet Labs" "unbound 1.16.2"
 .\"
 .\" unbound.conf.5 -- unbound.conf manual
 .\"
@@ -395,6 +395,10 @@ Lower limit for dynamic retransmit timeout calculation in infrastructure
 cache. Default is 50 milliseconds. Increase this value if using forwarders
 needing more time to do recursive name resolution.
 .TP
+.B infra\-cache\-max\-rtt: \fI<msec>
+Upper limit for dynamic retransmit timeout calculation in infrastructure
+cache. Default is 2 minutes.
+.TP
 .B infra\-keep\-probing: \fI<yes or no>
 If enabled the server keeps probing hosts that are down, in the one probe
 at a time regime.  Default is no.  Hosts that are down, eg. they did
@@ -1758,9 +1762,12 @@ set ip\-ratelimit to a suspicious rate to aggressively limit unusually high
 traffic.  Default is off.
 .TP 5
 .B outbound\-msg\-retry: \fI<number>
-The number of retries Unbound will do in case of a non positive response is
-received. If a forward nameserver is used, this is the number of retries per
-forward nameserver in case of throwaway response.
+The number of retries, per upstream nameserver in a delegation, that Unbound
+will attempt in case a throwaway response is received.
+No response (timeout) contributes to the retry counter.
+If a forward/stub zone is used, this is the number of retries per nameserver in
+the zone.
+Default is 5.
 .TP 5
 .B fast\-server\-permil: \fI<number>
 Specify how many times out of 1000 to pick from the set of fastest servers.
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/ipsecmod/ipsecmod.c b/contrib/unbound/ipsecmod/ipsecmod.c
index 577f7112e194..19549d4eefe0 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/ipsecmod/ipsecmod.c
+++ b/contrib/unbound/ipsecmod/ipsecmod.c
@@ -456,7 +456,7 @@ ipsecmod_handle_query(struct module_qstate* qstate,
 	/* Store A/AAAA in cache. */
 	if(!dns_cache_store(qstate->env, &qstate->qinfo,
 		qstate->return_msg->rep, 0, qstate->prefetch_leeway,
-		0, qstate->region, qstate->query_flags)) {
+		0, qstate->region, qstate->query_flags, qstate->qstarttime)) {
 		log_err("ipsecmod: out of memory caching record");
 	}
 	qstate->ext_state[id] = module_finished;
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/iterator/iter_utils.c b/contrib/unbound/iterator/iter_utils.c
index 6d159157a995..3e13e595c63d 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/iterator/iter_utils.c
+++ b/contrib/unbound/iterator/iter_utils.c
@@ -70,8 +70,6 @@
 
 /** time when nameserver glue is said to be 'recent' */
 #define SUSPICION_RECENT_EXPIRY 86400
-/** penalty to validation failed blacklisted IPs */
-#define BLACKLIST_PENALTY (USEFUL_SERVER_TOP_TIMEOUT*4)
 
 /** fillup fetch policy array */
 static void
@@ -661,10 +659,10 @@ dns_copy_msg(struct dns_msg* from, struct regional* region)
 void
 iter_dns_store(struct module_env* env, struct query_info* msgqinf,
 	struct reply_info* msgrep, int is_referral, time_t leeway, int pside,
-	struct regional* region, uint16_t flags)
+	struct regional* region, uint16_t flags, time_t qstarttime)
 {
 	if(!dns_cache_store(env, msgqinf, msgrep, is_referral, leeway,
-		pside, region, flags))
+		pside, region, flags, qstarttime))
 		log_err("out of memory: cannot store data in cache");
 }
 
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/iterator/iter_utils.h b/contrib/unbound/iterator/iter_utils.h
index c0e5181573f5..8583fde58a44 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/iterator/iter_utils.h
+++ b/contrib/unbound/iterator/iter_utils.h
@@ -132,6 +132,7 @@ struct dns_msg* dns_copy_msg(struct dns_msg* from, struct regional* regional);
  * 	can be prefetch-updates.
  * @param region: to copy modified (cache is better) rrs back to.
  * @param flags: with BIT_CD for dns64 AAAA translated queries.
+ * @param qstarttime: time of query start.
  * return void, because we are not interested in alloc errors,
  * 	the iterator and validator can operate on the results in their
  * 	scratch space (the qstate.region) and are not dependent on the cache.
@@ -140,7 +141,7 @@ struct dns_msg* dns_copy_msg(struct dns_msg* from, struct regional* regional);
  */
 void iter_dns_store(struct module_env* env, struct query_info* qinf,
 	struct reply_info* rep, int is_referral, time_t leeway, int pside,
-	struct regional* region, uint16_t flags);
+	struct regional* region, uint16_t flags, time_t qstarttime);
 
 /**
  * Select randomly with n/m probability.
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/iterator/iterator.c b/contrib/unbound/iterator/iterator.c
index 727631d6cf8e..25e5cfee4645 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/iterator/iterator.c
+++ b/contrib/unbound/iterator/iterator.c
@@ -71,6 +71,10 @@
 
 /* in msec */
 int UNKNOWN_SERVER_NICENESS = 376;
+/* in msec */
+int USEFUL_SERVER_TOP_TIMEOUT = 120000;
+/* Equals USEFUL_SERVER_TOP_TIMEOUT*4 */
+int BLACKLIST_PENALTY = (120000*4);
 
 static void target_count_increase_nx(struct iter_qstate* iq, int num);
 
@@ -371,7 +375,7 @@ error_response_cache(struct module_qstate* qstate, int id, int rcode)
 		err.security = sec_status_indeterminate;
 		verbose(VERB_ALGO, "store error response in message cache");
 		iter_dns_store(qstate->env, &qstate->qinfo, &err, 0, 0, 0, NULL,
-			qstate->query_flags);
+			qstate->query_flags, qstate->qstarttime);
 	}
 	return error_response(qstate, id, rcode);
 }
@@ -1485,7 +1489,8 @@ processInitRequest(struct module_qstate* qstate, struct iter_qstate* iq,
 		     iq->dp = dns_cache_find_delegation(qstate->env, delname, 
 			delnamelen, iq->qchase.qtype, iq->qchase.qclass, 
 			qstate->region, &iq->deleg_msg,
-			*qstate->env->now+qstate->prefetch_leeway);
+			*qstate->env->now+qstate->prefetch_leeway, 1,
+			dpname, dpnamelen);
 		else iq->dp = NULL;
 
 		/* If the cache has returned nothing, then we have a 
@@ -1777,7 +1782,8 @@ generate_parentside_target_query(struct module_qstate* qstate,
 			subiq->dp = dns_cache_find_delegation(qstate->env, 
 				name, namelen, qtype, qclass, subq->region,
 				&subiq->deleg_msg,
-				*qstate->env->now+subq->prefetch_leeway); 
+				*qstate->env->now+subq->prefetch_leeway,
+				1, NULL, 0);
 			/* if no dp, then it's from root, refetch unneeded */
 			if(subiq->dp) { 
 				subiq->dnssec_expected = iter_indicates_dnssec(
@@ -2943,7 +2949,8 @@ processQueryResponse(struct module_qstate* qstate, struct iter_qstate* iq,
 				iq->qchase.qtype != iq->response->qinfo.qtype,
 				qstate->prefetch_leeway,
 				iq->dp&&iq->dp->has_parent_side_NS,
-				qstate->region, qstate->query_flags);
+				qstate->region, qstate->query_flags,
+				qstate->qstarttime);
 		/* close down outstanding requests to be discarded */
 		outbound_list_clear(&iq->outlist);
 		iq->num_current_queries = 0;
@@ -3032,7 +3039,8 @@ processQueryResponse(struct module_qstate* qstate, struct iter_qstate* iq,
 			/* Store the referral under the current query */
 			/* no prefetch-leeway, since its not the answer */
 			iter_dns_store(qstate->env, &iq->response->qinfo,
-				iq->response->rep, 1, 0, 0, NULL, 0);
+				iq->response->rep, 1, 0, 0, NULL, 0,
+				qstate->qstarttime);
 			if(iq->store_parent_NS)
 				iter_store_parentside_NS(qstate->env, 
 					iq->response->rep);
@@ -3146,7 +3154,7 @@ processQueryResponse(struct module_qstate* qstate, struct iter_qstate* iq,
 			iter_dns_store(qstate->env, &iq->response->qinfo,
 				iq->response->rep, 1, qstate->prefetch_leeway,
 				iq->dp&&iq->dp->has_parent_side_NS, NULL,
-				qstate->query_flags);
+				qstate->query_flags, qstate->qstarttime);
 		/* set the current request's qname to the new value. */
 		iq->qchase.qname = sname;
 		iq->qchase.qname_len = snamelen;
@@ -3752,7 +3760,8 @@ processFinished(struct module_qstate* qstate, struct iter_qstate* iq,
 			iter_dns_store(qstate->env, &qstate->qinfo, 
 				iq->response->rep, 0, qstate->prefetch_leeway,
 				iq->dp&&iq->dp->has_parent_side_NS,
-				qstate->region, qstate->query_flags);
+				qstate->region, qstate->query_flags,
+				qstate->qstarttime);
 		}
 	}
 	qstate->return_rcode = LDNS_RCODE_NOERROR;
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/iterator/iterator.h b/contrib/unbound/iterator/iterator.h
index 62f4768ea01d..b71b7fe9945f 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/iterator/iterator.h
+++ b/contrib/unbound/iterator/iterator.h
@@ -94,15 +94,17 @@ struct rbtree_type;
 extern int UNKNOWN_SERVER_NICENESS;
 /** maximum timeout before a host is deemed unsuitable, in msec. 
  * After host_ttl this will be timed out and the host will be tried again. 
- * Equals RTT_MAX_TIMEOUT
- */
-#define USEFUL_SERVER_TOP_TIMEOUT	120000
+ * Equals RTT_MAX_TIMEOUT, and thus when RTT_MAX_TIMEOUT is overwritten by
+ * config infra_cache_max_rtt, it will be overwritten as well. */
+extern int USEFUL_SERVER_TOP_TIMEOUT;
+/** penalty to validation failed blacklisted IPs
+ * Equals USEFUL_SERVER_TOP_TIMEOUT*4, and thus when RTT_MAX_TIMEOUT is
+ * overwritten by config infra_cache_max_rtt, it will be overwritten as well. */
+extern int BLACKLIST_PENALTY;
 /** RTT band, within this amount from the best, servers are chosen randomly.
  * Chosen so that the UNKNOWN_SERVER_NICENESS falls within the band of a 
  * fast server, this causes server exploration as a side benefit. msec. */
 #define RTT_BAND 400
-/** Start value for blacklisting a host, 2*USEFUL_SERVER_TOP_TIMEOUT in sec */
-#define INFRA_BACKOFF_INITIAL 240
 
 /**
  * Global state for the iterator. 
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/services/authzone.c b/contrib/unbound/services/authzone.c
index fee90d5697ac..137c45b726b5 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/services/authzone.c
+++ b/contrib/unbound/services/authzone.c
@@ -8189,7 +8189,6 @@ auth_zone_verify_zonemd_key_with_ds(struct auth_zone* z,
 	keystorage->rk.type = htons(LDNS_RR_TYPE_DNSKEY);
 	keystorage->rk.rrset_class = htons(z->dclass);
 	auth_zone_log(z->name, VERB_QUERY, "zonemd: verify zone DNSKEY with DS");
-	// @TODO add EDE here? we currently just pass NULL
 	sec = val_verify_DNSKEY_with_DS(env, ve, keystorage, ds, sigalg,
 		why_bogus, NULL, NULL);
 	regional_free_all(env->scratch);
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/services/cache/dns.c b/contrib/unbound/services/cache/dns.c
index f6c11451c93a..6bca8d85fadb 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/services/cache/dns.c
+++ b/contrib/unbound/services/cache/dns.c
@@ -68,11 +68,16 @@
  * 	in a prefetch situation to be updated (without becoming sticky).
  * @param qrep: update rrsets here if cache is better
  * @param region: for qrep allocs.
+ * @param qstarttime: time when delegations were looked up, this is perhaps
+ *	earlier than the time in now. The time is used to determine if RRsets
+ *	of type NS have expired, so that they can only be updated using
+ *	lookups of delegation points that did not use them, since they had
+ *	expired then.
  */
 static void
 store_rrsets(struct module_env* env, struct reply_info* rep, time_t now,
 	time_t leeway, int pside, struct reply_info* qrep,
-	struct regional* region)
+	struct regional* region, time_t qstarttime)
 {
 	size_t i;
 	/* see if rrset already exists in cache, if not insert it. */
@@ -81,8 +86,8 @@ store_rrsets(struct module_env* env, struct reply_info* rep, time_t now,
 		rep->ref[i].id = rep->rrsets[i]->id;
 		/* update ref if it was in the cache */
 		switch(rrset_cache_update(env->rrset_cache, &rep->ref[i],
-				env->alloc, now + ((ntohs(rep->ref[i].key->rk.type)==
-				LDNS_RR_TYPE_NS && !pside)?0:leeway))) {
+				env->alloc, ((ntohs(rep->ref[i].key->rk.type)==
+				LDNS_RR_TYPE_NS && !pside)?qstarttime:now + leeway))) {
 		case 0: /* ref unchanged, item inserted */
 			break;
 		case 2: /* ref updated, cache is superior */
@@ -155,7 +160,8 @@ msg_del_servfail(struct module_env* env, struct query_info* qinfo,
 void 
 dns_cache_store_msg(struct module_env* env, struct query_info* qinfo,
 	hashvalue_type hash, struct reply_info* rep, time_t leeway, int pside,
-	struct reply_info* qrep, uint32_t flags, struct regional* region)
+	struct reply_info* qrep, uint32_t flags, struct regional* region,
+	time_t qstarttime)
 {
 	struct msgreply_entry* e;
 	time_t ttl = rep->ttl;
@@ -170,7 +176,8 @@ dns_cache_store_msg(struct module_env* env, struct query_info* qinfo,
 	/* there was a reply_info_sortref(rep) here but it seems to be
 	 * unnecessary, because the cache gets locked per rrset. */
 	reply_info_set_ttls(rep, *env->now);
-	store_rrsets(env, rep, *env->now, leeway, pside, qrep, region);
+	store_rrsets(env, rep, *env->now, leeway, pside, qrep, region,
+		qstarttime);
 	if(ttl == 0 && !(flags & DNSCACHE_STORE_ZEROTTL)) {
 		/* we do not store the message, but we did store the RRs,
 		 * which could be useful for delegation information */
@@ -194,10 +201,51 @@ dns_cache_store_msg(struct module_env* env, struct query_info* qinfo,
 	slabhash_insert(env->msg_cache, hash, &e->entry, rep, env->alloc);
 }
 
+/** see if an rrset is expired above the qname, return upper qname. */
+static int
+rrset_expired_above(struct module_env* env, uint8_t** qname, size_t* qnamelen,
+	uint16_t searchtype, uint16_t qclass, time_t now, uint8_t* expiretop,
+	size_t expiretoplen)
+{
+	struct ub_packed_rrset_key *rrset;
+	uint8_t lablen;
+
+	while(*qnamelen > 0) {
+		/* look one label higher */
+		lablen = **qname;
+		*qname += lablen + 1;
+		*qnamelen -= lablen + 1;
+		if(*qnamelen <= 0)
+			break;
+
+		/* looks up with a time of 0, to see expired entries */
+		if((rrset = rrset_cache_lookup(env->rrset_cache, *qname,
+			*qnamelen, searchtype, qclass, 0, 0, 0))) {
+			struct packed_rrset_data* data =
+				(struct packed_rrset_data*)rrset->entry.data;
+			if(now > data->ttl) {
+				/* it is expired, this is not wanted */
+				lock_rw_unlock(&rrset->entry.lock);
+				log_nametypeclass(VERB_ALGO, "this rrset is expired", *qname, searchtype, qclass);
+				return 1;
+			}
+			/* it is not expired, continue looking */
+			lock_rw_unlock(&rrset->entry.lock);
+		}
+
+		/* do not look above the expiretop. */
+		if(expiretop && *qnamelen == expiretoplen &&
+			query_dname_compare(*qname, expiretop)==0)
+			break;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
 /** find closest NS or DNAME and returns the rrset (locked) */
 static struct ub_packed_rrset_key*
 find_closest_of_type(struct module_env* env, uint8_t* qname, size_t qnamelen, 
-	uint16_t qclass, time_t now, uint16_t searchtype, int stripfront)
+	uint16_t qclass, time_t now, uint16_t searchtype, int stripfront,
+	int noexpiredabove, uint8_t* expiretop, size_t expiretoplen)
 {
 	struct ub_packed_rrset_key *rrset;
 	uint8_t lablen;
@@ -212,8 +260,40 @@ find_closest_of_type(struct module_env* env, uint8_t* qname, size_t qnamelen,
 	/* snip off front part of qname until the type is found */
 	while(qnamelen > 0) {
 		if((rrset = rrset_cache_lookup(env->rrset_cache, qname, 
-			qnamelen, searchtype, qclass, 0, now, 0)))
-			return rrset;
+			qnamelen, searchtype, qclass, 0, now, 0))) {
+			uint8_t* origqname = qname;
+			size_t origqnamelen = qnamelen;
+			if(!noexpiredabove)
+				return rrset;
+			/* if expiretop set, do not look above it, but
+			 * qname is equal, so the just found result is also
+			 * the nonexpired above part. */
+			if(expiretop && qnamelen == expiretoplen &&
+				query_dname_compare(qname, expiretop)==0)
+				return rrset;
+			/* check for expiry, but we have to let go of the rrset
+			 * for the lock ordering */
+			lock_rw_unlock(&rrset->entry.lock);
+			/* the expired_above function always takes off one
+			 * label (if qnamelen>0) and returns the final qname
+			 * where it searched, so we can continue from there
+			 * turning the O N*N search into O N. */
+			if(!rrset_expired_above(env, &qname, &qnamelen,
+				searchtype, qclass, now, expiretop,
+				expiretoplen)) {
+				/* we want to return rrset, but it may be
+				 * gone from cache, if so, just loop like
+				 * it was not in the cache in the first place.
+				 */
+				if((rrset = rrset_cache_lookup(env->
+					rrset_cache, origqname, origqnamelen,
+					searchtype, qclass, 0, now, 0))) {
+					return rrset;
+				}
+			}
+			log_nametypeclass(VERB_ALGO, "ignoring rrset because expired rrsets exist above it", origqname, searchtype, qclass);
+			continue;
+		}
 
 		/* snip off front label */
 		lablen = *qname;
@@ -462,7 +542,8 @@ dns_msg_ansadd(struct dns_msg* msg, struct regional* region,
 struct delegpt* 
 dns_cache_find_delegation(struct module_env* env, uint8_t* qname, 
 	size_t qnamelen, uint16_t qtype, uint16_t qclass, 
-	struct regional* region, struct dns_msg** msg, time_t now)
+	struct regional* region, struct dns_msg** msg, time_t now,
+	int noexpiredabove, uint8_t* expiretop, size_t expiretoplen)
 {
 	/* try to find closest NS rrset */
 	struct ub_packed_rrset_key* nskey;
@@ -470,7 +551,7 @@ dns_cache_find_delegation(struct module_env* env, uint8_t* qname,
 	struct delegpt* dp;
 
 	nskey = find_closest_of_type(env, qname, qnamelen, qclass, now,
-		LDNS_RR_TYPE_NS, 0);
+		LDNS_RR_TYPE_NS, 0, noexpiredabove, expiretop, expiretoplen);
 	if(!nskey) /* hope the caller has hints to prime or something */
 		return NULL;
 	nsdata = (struct packed_rrset_data*)nskey->entry.data;
@@ -840,7 +921,7 @@ dns_cache_lookup(struct module_env* env,
 	 * consistent with the DNAME */
 	if(!no_partial &&
 		(rrset=find_closest_of_type(env, qname, qnamelen, qclass, now,
-		LDNS_RR_TYPE_DNAME, 1))) {
+		LDNS_RR_TYPE_DNAME, 1, 0, NULL, 0))) {
 		/* synthesize a DNAME+CNAME message based on this */
 		enum sec_status sec_status = sec_status_unchecked;
 		struct dns_msg* msg = synth_dname_msg(rrset, region, now, &k,
@@ -973,7 +1054,7 @@ dns_cache_lookup(struct module_env* env,
 int
 dns_cache_store(struct module_env* env, struct query_info* msgqinf,
         struct reply_info* msgrep, int is_referral, time_t leeway, int pside,
-	struct regional* region, uint32_t flags)
+	struct regional* region, uint32_t flags, time_t qstarttime)
 {
 	struct reply_info* rep = NULL;
 	/* alloc, malloc properly (not in region, like msg is) */
@@ -996,9 +1077,9 @@ dns_cache_store(struct module_env* env, struct query_info* msgqinf,
 			/*ignore ret: it was in the cache, ref updated */
 			/* no leeway for typeNS */
 			(void)rrset_cache_update(env->rrset_cache, &ref, 
-				env->alloc, *env->now + 
+				env->alloc,
 				((ntohs(ref.key->rk.type)==LDNS_RR_TYPE_NS
-				 && !pside) ? 0:leeway));
+				 && !pside) ? qstarttime:*env->now + leeway));
 		}
 		free(rep);
 		return 1;
@@ -1020,7 +1101,7 @@ dns_cache_store(struct module_env* env, struct query_info* msgqinf,
 		rep->flags &= ~(BIT_AA | BIT_CD);
 		h = query_info_hash(&qinf, (uint16_t)flags);
 		dns_cache_store_msg(env, &qinf, h, rep, leeway, pside, msgrep,
-			flags, region);
+			flags, region, qstarttime);
 		/* qname is used inside query_info_entrysetup, and set to 
 		 * NULL. If it has not been used, free it. free(0) is safe. */
 		free(qinf.qname);
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/services/cache/dns.h b/contrib/unbound/services/cache/dns.h
index bece83702960..147f992cbc74 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/services/cache/dns.h
+++ b/contrib/unbound/services/cache/dns.h
@@ -88,11 +88,13 @@ struct dns_msg {
  * @param flags: flags with BIT_CD for AAAA queries in dns64 translation.
  *   The higher 16 bits are used internally to customize the cache policy.
  *   (See DNSCACHE_STORE_xxx flags).
+ * @param qstarttime: time when the query was started, and thus when the
+ * 	delegations were looked up.
  * @return 0 on alloc error (out of memory).
  */
 int dns_cache_store(struct module_env* env, struct query_info* qinf,
         struct reply_info* rep, int is_referral, time_t leeway, int pside,
-	struct regional* region, uint32_t flags);
+	struct regional* region, uint32_t flags, time_t qstarttime);
 
 /**
  * Store message in the cache. Stores in message cache and rrset cache.
@@ -112,11 +114,14 @@ int dns_cache_store(struct module_env* env, struct query_info* qinf,
  * 	can be updated to full TTL even in prefetch situations.
  * @param qrep: message that can be altered with better rrs from cache.
  * @param flags: customization flags for the cache policy.
+ * @param qstarttime: time when the query was started, and thus when the
+ * 	delegations were looked up.
  * @param region: to allocate into for qmsg.
  */
 void dns_cache_store_msg(struct module_env* env, struct query_info* qinfo,
 	hashvalue_type hash, struct reply_info* rep, time_t leeway, int pside,
-	struct reply_info* qrep, uint32_t flags, struct regional* region);
+	struct reply_info* qrep, uint32_t flags, struct regional* region,
+	time_t qstarttime);
 
 /**
  * Find a delegation from the cache.
@@ -129,11 +134,18 @@ void dns_cache_store_msg(struct module_env* env, struct query_info* qinfo,
  * @param msg: if not NULL, delegation message is returned here, synthesized
  *	from the cache.
  * @param timenow: the time now, for checking if TTL on cache entries is OK.
+ * @param noexpiredabove: if set, no expired NS rrsets above the one found
+ * 	are tolerated. It only returns delegations where the delegations above
+ * 	it are valid.
+ * @param expiretop: if not NULL, name where check for expiry ends for
+ * 	noexpiredabove.
+ * @param expiretoplen: length of expiretop dname.
  * @return new delegation or NULL on error or if not found in cache.
  */
 struct delegpt* dns_cache_find_delegation(struct module_env* env, 
 	uint8_t* qname, size_t qnamelen, uint16_t qtype, uint16_t qclass, 
-	struct regional* region, struct dns_msg** msg, time_t timenow);
+	struct regional* region, struct dns_msg** msg, time_t timenow,
+	int noexpiredabove, uint8_t* expiretop, size_t expiretoplen);
 
 /**
  * generate dns_msg from cached message
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/services/cache/infra.c b/contrib/unbound/services/cache/infra.c
index 252e1e288b35..0461c815b86b 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/services/cache/infra.c
+++ b/contrib/unbound/services/cache/infra.c
@@ -721,13 +721,13 @@ infra_get_lame_rtt(struct infra_cache* infra,
 			else	*rtt = USEFUL_SERVER_TOP_TIMEOUT-1000;
 		}
 	}
+	/* expired entry */
 	if(timenow > host->ttl) {
-		/* expired entry */
+
 		/* see if this can be a re-probe of an unresponsive server */
 		/* minus 1000 because that is outside of the RTTBAND, so
 		 * blacklisted servers stay blacklisted if this is chosen */
-		if(host->rtt.rto >= USEFUL_SERVER_TOP_TIMEOUT ||
-			infra->infra_keep_probing) {
+		if(host->rtt.rto >= USEFUL_SERVER_TOP_TIMEOUT) {
 			lock_rw_unlock(&e->lock);
 			*rtt = USEFUL_SERVER_TOP_TIMEOUT-1000;
 			*lame = 0;
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/services/listen_dnsport.c b/contrib/unbound/services/listen_dnsport.c
index 03153bd64778..1c7c177a007e 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/services/listen_dnsport.c
+++ b/contrib/unbound/services/listen_dnsport.c
@@ -490,6 +490,7 @@ create_udp_sock(int family, int socktype, struct sockaddr* addr,
 			return -1;
 		}
 # elif defined(IPV6_MTU)
+#   ifndef USE_WINSOCK
 		/*
 		 * On Linux, to send no larger than 1280, the PMTUD is
 		 * disabled by default for datagrams anyway, so we set
@@ -497,13 +498,27 @@ create_udp_sock(int family, int socktype, struct sockaddr* addr,
 		 */
 		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_MTU,
 			(void*)&mtu, (socklen_t)sizeof(mtu)) < 0) {
-			log_err("setsockopt(..., IPV6_MTU, ...) failed: %s", 
+			log_err("setsockopt(..., IPV6_MTU, ...) failed: %s",
 				sock_strerror(errno));
 			sock_close(s);
 			*noproto = 0;
 			*inuse = 0;
 			return -1;
 		}
+#   elif defined(IPV6_USER_MTU)
+		/* As later versions of the mingw crosscompiler define
+		 * IPV6_MTU, do the same for windows but use IPV6_USER_MTU
+		 * instead which is writable; IPV6_MTU is readonly there. */
+		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_USER_MTU,
+			(void*)&mtu, (socklen_t)sizeof(mtu)) < 0) {
+			log_err("setsockopt(..., IPV6_USER_MTU, ...) failed: %s",
+				wsa_strerror(WSAGetLastError()));
+			sock_close(s);
+			*noproto = 0;
+			*inuse = 0;
+			return -1;
+		}
+#   endif /* USE_WINSOCK */
 # endif /* IPv6 MTU */
 # if defined(IPV6_MTU_DISCOVER) && defined(IP_PMTUDISC_DONT)
 #  if defined(IP_PMTUDISC_OMIT)
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/services/mesh.c b/contrib/unbound/services/mesh.c
index c40eb50dc55c..30bcf7cda155 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/services/mesh.c
+++ b/contrib/unbound/services/mesh.c
@@ -954,6 +954,7 @@ mesh_state_create(struct module_env* env, struct query_info* qinfo,
 	mstate->s.no_cache_store = 0;
 	mstate->s.need_refetch = 0;
 	mstate->s.was_ratelimited = 0;
+	mstate->s.qstarttime = *env->now;
 
 	/* init modules */
 	for(i=0; i<env->mesh->mods.num; i++) {
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/sldns/rrdef.c b/contrib/unbound/sldns/rrdef.c
index fe5c8e104a88..322eff096c03 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/sldns/rrdef.c
+++ b/contrib/unbound/sldns/rrdef.c
@@ -381,9 +381,9 @@ static sldns_rr_descriptor rdata_field_descriptors[] = {
 	/* 63 */
 	{LDNS_RR_TYPE_ZONEMD, "ZONEMD", 4, 4, type_zonemd_wireformat, LDNS_RDF_TYPE_NONE, LDNS_RR_NO_COMPRESS, 0 },
 	/* 64 */
-	{LDNS_RR_TYPE_SVCB, "SVCB", 2, 2, type_svcb_wireformat, LDNS_RDF_TYPE_SVCPARAM, LDNS_RR_NO_COMPRESS, 0 },
+	{LDNS_RR_TYPE_SVCB, "SVCB", 2, 2, type_svcb_wireformat, LDNS_RDF_TYPE_SVCPARAM, LDNS_RR_NO_COMPRESS, 1 },
 	/* 65 */
-	{LDNS_RR_TYPE_HTTPS, "HTTPS", 2, 2, type_svcb_wireformat, LDNS_RDF_TYPE_SVCPARAM, LDNS_RR_NO_COMPRESS, 0 },
+	{LDNS_RR_TYPE_HTTPS, "HTTPS", 2, 2, type_svcb_wireformat, LDNS_RDF_TYPE_SVCPARAM, LDNS_RR_NO_COMPRESS, 1 },
 {(enum sldns_enum_rr_type)0, "TYPE66", 1, 1, type_0_wireformat, LDNS_RDF_TYPE_NONE, LDNS_RR_NO_COMPRESS, 0 },
 {(enum sldns_enum_rr_type)0, "TYPE67", 1, 1, type_0_wireformat, LDNS_RDF_TYPE_NONE, LDNS_RR_NO_COMPRESS, 0 },
 {(enum sldns_enum_rr_type)0, "TYPE68", 1, 1, type_0_wireformat, LDNS_RDF_TYPE_NONE, LDNS_RR_NO_COMPRESS, 0 },
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/sldns/wire2str.c b/contrib/unbound/sldns/wire2str.c
index d6fb289650b2..74d1b62dfe8d 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/sldns/wire2str.c
+++ b/contrib/unbound/sldns/wire2str.c
@@ -1071,7 +1071,7 @@ static int sldns_wire2str_svcparam_mandatory2str(char** s,
 	assert(data_len > 0);
 
 	if (data_len % sizeof(uint16_t))
-		return -1; // wireformat error, data_len must be multiple of shorts
+		return -1; /* wireformat error, data_len must be multiple of shorts */
 	w += sldns_str_print(s, slen, "=");
 	w += sldns_print_svcparamkey(s, slen, sldns_read_uint16(data));
 	data += 2;
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/testdata/iter_ghost_sub.rpl b/contrib/unbound/testdata/iter_ghost_sub.rpl
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..ccd6b29842e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/unbound/testdata/iter_ghost_sub.rpl
@@ -0,0 +1,309 @@
+; config options
+server:
+	target-fetch-policy: "0 0 0 0 0"
+	qname-minimisation: "no"
+	minimal-responses: no
+
+stub-zone:
+	name: "."
+	stub-addr: 193.0.14.129 	# K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
+CONFIG_END
+
+SCENARIO_BEGIN Test ghost subdomain of another subdomain.
+
+; K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
+RANGE_BEGIN 0 100
+	ADDRESS 193.0.14.129 
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH opcode qtype qname
+ADJUST copy_id
+REPLY QR NOERROR
+SECTION QUESTION
+. 86400 IN NS
+SECTION ANSWER
+. 86400 IN NS	K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
+SECTION ADDITIONAL
+K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.	86400 IN	A	193.0.14.129
+ENTRY_END
+
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH opcode subdomain
+ADJUST copy_id copy_query
+REPLY QR NOERROR
+SECTION QUESTION
+com. IN NS
+SECTION AUTHORITY
+com.	86400 IN NS	a.gtld-servers.net.
+SECTION ADDITIONAL
+a.gtld-servers.net.	86400 IN 	A	192.5.6.30
+ENTRY_END
+
+RANGE_END
+
+; a.gtld-servers.net.
+; this is the one where example.com is delegated.
+RANGE_BEGIN 0 100
+	ADDRESS 192.5.6.30
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH opcode qtype qname
+ADJUST copy_id
+REPLY QR NOERROR
+SECTION QUESTION
+com. IN NS
+SECTION ANSWER
+com.	86400 IN NS	a.gtld-servers.net.
+SECTION ADDITIONAL
+a.gtld-servers.net.	86400 IN 	A	192.5.6.30
+ENTRY_END
+
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH opcode subdomain
+ADJUST copy_id copy_query
+REPLY QR NOERROR
+SECTION QUESTION
+example.com. IN NS
+SECTION AUTHORITY
+example.com.	IN NS	ns.example.com.
+SECTION ADDITIONAL
+ns.example.com. IN A 1.2.3.4
+ENTRY_END
+RANGE_END
+
+; a.gtld-servers.net.
+; this is the one where example.com is no longer delegated.
+RANGE_BEGIN 100 200
+	ADDRESS 192.5.6.30
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH opcode qtype qname
+ADJUST copy_id
+REPLY QR NOERROR
+SECTION QUESTION
+com. IN NS
+SECTION ANSWER
+com.	86400 IN NS	a.gtld-servers.net.
+SECTION ADDITIONAL
+a.gtld-servers.net.	86400 IN 	A	192.5.6.30
+ENTRY_END
+
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH opcode subdomain
+ADJUST copy_id copy_query
+REPLY QR NXDOMAIN
+SECTION QUESTION
+example.com. IN NS
+SECTION AUTHORITY
+com.	86400 IN SOA a. b. 1 2 3 4 5
+ENTRY_END
+RANGE_END
+
+; ns.example.com.
+RANGE_BEGIN 0 100
+	ADDRESS 1.2.3.4
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH opcode qtype qname
+ADJUST copy_id
+REPLY QR NOERROR
+SECTION QUESTION
+example.com. IN NS
+SECTION ANSWER
+example.com.	IN NS	ns.example.com.
+SECTION ADDITIONAL
+ns.example.com.		IN 	A	1.2.3.4
+ENTRY_END
+
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH opcode qtype qname
+ADJUST copy_id
+REPLY QR NOERROR
+SECTION QUESTION
+ns.example.com. IN A
+SECTION ANSWER
+ns.example.com. IN A	1.2.3.4
+SECTION AUTHORITY
+example.com.	IN NS	ns.example.com.
+ENTRY_END
+
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH opcode qtype qname
+ADJUST copy_id
+REPLY QR NOERROR
+SECTION QUESTION
+ns.example.com. IN AAAA
+SECTION AUTHORITY
+example.com.	IN NS	ns.example.com.
+SECTION ADDITIONAL
+ns.example.com. IN A	1.2.3.4
+ENTRY_END
+
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH opcode qtype qname
+ADJUST copy_id
+REPLY QR NOERROR
+SECTION QUESTION
+www.example.com. IN A
+SECTION ANSWER
+www.example.com. IN A	10.20.30.40
+SECTION AUTHORITY
+example.com.	IN NS	ns.example.com.
+SECTION ADDITIONAL
+ns.example.com 	IN A 	1.2.3.4
+ENTRY_END
+
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH opcode qtype qname
+ADJUST copy_id
+REPLY QR NOERROR
+SECTION QUESTION
+s.example.com. IN A
+SECTION ANSWER
+s.example.com. IN A	1.2.3.4
+SECTION AUTHORITY
+s.example.com.	IN NS	s.example.com.
+SECTION ADDITIONAL
+s.example.com 	IN A 	1.2.3.4
+ENTRY_END
+
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH opcode qtype qname
+ADJUST copy_id
+REPLY QR NOERROR
+SECTION QUESTION
+s.s.example.com. IN A
+SECTION ANSWER
+s.s.example.com. IN A	1.2.3.4
+SECTION AUTHORITY
+s.s.example.com.	IN NS	s.s.example.com.
+SECTION ADDITIONAL
+s.s.example.com 	IN A 	1.2.3.4
+ENTRY_END
+RANGE_END
+
+STEP 1 QUERY
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+REPLY RD
+SECTION QUESTION
+www.example.com. IN A
+ENTRY_END
+
+; get the delegation in cache
+STEP 20 CHECK_ANSWER
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH all
+REPLY QR RD RA NOERROR
+SECTION QUESTION
+www.example.com. IN A
+SECTION ANSWER
+www.example.com. IN A	10.20.30.40
+SECTION AUTHORITY
+example.com.	IN NS	ns.example.com.
+SECTION ADDITIONAL
+ns.example.com 	IN A 	1.2.3.4
+ENTRY_END
+
+; time passes
+STEP 25 TIME_PASSES ELAPSE 1800
+
+; get another delegation in cache
+STEP 30 QUERY
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+REPLY RD
+SECTION QUESTION
+s.example.com. IN A
+ENTRY_END
+
+STEP 40 CHECK_ANSWER
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH all
+REPLY QR RD RA NOERROR
+SECTION QUESTION
+s.example.com. IN A
+SECTION ANSWER
+s.example.com. IN A	1.2.3.4
+SECTION AUTHORITY
+s.example.com.	IN NS	s.example.com.
+ENTRY_END
+
+; time passes, 1800 + 1000 = 2800 of 3600 TTL on NS of s.example.com. and
+; example.com.
+STEP 45 TIME_PASSES ELAPSE 1000
+
+; get another delegation in cache
+STEP 50 QUERY
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+REPLY RD
+SECTION QUESTION
+s.s.example.com. IN A
+ENTRY_END
+
+STEP 60 CHECK_ANSWER
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH all
+REPLY QR RD RA NOERROR
+SECTION QUESTION
+s.s.example.com. IN A
+SECTION ANSWER
+s.s.example.com. IN A	1.2.3.4
+SECTION AUTHORITY
+s.s.example.com.	IN NS	s.s.example.com.
+ENTRY_END
+
+
+; time passes, 1800 + 2000 = 3800 of 3600 TTL on NS of s.example.com. and
+; example.com.
+STEP 75 TIME_PASSES ELAPSE 1000
+
+; domain no longer delegated
+; is the domain still up?
+
+STEP 100 QUERY
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+REPLY RD
+SECTION QUESTION
+www.s.example.com. IN A
+ENTRY_END
+
+STEP 110 CHECK_ANSWER
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH all
+REPLY QR RD RA NXDOMAIN
+SECTION QUESTION
+www.s.example.com. IN A
+SECTION AUTHORITY
+com.	86400 IN SOA a. b. 1 2 3 4 5
+ENTRY_END
+
+STEP 120 QUERY
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+REPLY RD
+SECTION QUESTION
+www.s.s.example.com. IN A
+ENTRY_END
+
+STEP 130 CHECK_ANSWER
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH all
+REPLY QR RD RA NXDOMAIN
+SECTION QUESTION
+www.s.s.example.com. IN A
+SECTION AUTHORITY
+com.	86400 IN SOA a. b. 1 2 3 4 5
+ENTRY_END
+
+STEP 140 QUERY
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+REPLY RD
+SECTION QUESTION
+www.example.com. IN A
+ENTRY_END
+
+STEP 150 CHECK_ANSWER
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH all
+REPLY QR RD RA NXDOMAIN
+SECTION QUESTION
+www.example.com. IN A
+SECTION AUTHORITY
+com.	86400 IN SOA a. b. 1 2 3 4 5
+ENTRY_END
+
+SCENARIO_END
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/testdata/iter_ghost_timewindow.rpl b/contrib/unbound/testdata/iter_ghost_timewindow.rpl
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..566be82a9cf8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/unbound/testdata/iter_ghost_timewindow.rpl
@@ -0,0 +1,391 @@
+; config options
+server:
+	target-fetch-policy: "0 0 0 0 0"
+	qname-minimisation: "no"
+	minimal-responses: no
+
+stub-zone:
+	name: "."
+	stub-addr: 193.0.14.129 	# K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
+CONFIG_END
+
+SCENARIO_BEGIN Test ghost subdomain with extension reply in timewindow.
+
+; K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
+RANGE_BEGIN 0 100
+	ADDRESS 193.0.14.129 
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH opcode qtype qname
+ADJUST copy_id
+REPLY QR AA NOERROR
+SECTION QUESTION
+. 86400 IN NS
+SECTION ANSWER
+. 86400 IN NS	K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
+SECTION ADDITIONAL
+K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.	86400 IN	A	193.0.14.129
+ENTRY_END
+
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH opcode subdomain
+ADJUST copy_id copy_query
+REPLY QR NOERROR
+SECTION QUESTION
+com. IN NS
+SECTION AUTHORITY
+com.	86400 IN NS	a.gtld-servers.net.
+SECTION ADDITIONAL
+a.gtld-servers.net.	86400 IN 	A	192.5.6.30
+ENTRY_END
+
+RANGE_END
+
+; a.gtld-servers.net.
+; this is the one where example.com is delegated.
+RANGE_BEGIN 0 100
+	ADDRESS 192.5.6.30
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH opcode qtype qname
+ADJUST copy_id
+REPLY QR AA NOERROR
+SECTION QUESTION
+com. IN NS
+SECTION ANSWER
+com.	86400 IN NS	a.gtld-servers.net.
+SECTION ADDITIONAL
+a.gtld-servers.net.	86400 IN 	A	192.5.6.30
+ENTRY_END
+
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH opcode subdomain
+ADJUST copy_id copy_query
+REPLY QR NOERROR
+SECTION QUESTION
+example.com. IN NS
+SECTION AUTHORITY
+example.com.	IN NS	ns.example.com.
+SECTION ADDITIONAL
+ns.example.com. IN A 1.2.3.4
+ENTRY_END
+
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH opcode subdomain
+ADJUST copy_id copy_query
+REPLY QR NOERROR
+SECTION QUESTION
+example2.com. IN NS
+SECTION AUTHORITY
+example2.com.	3610 IN NS	ns.example2.com.
+SECTION ADDITIONAL
+ns.example2.com. 3610 IN A 1.2.3.5
+ENTRY_END
+RANGE_END
+
+; a.gtld-servers.net.
+; this is the one where example.com is no longer delegated.
+RANGE_BEGIN 100 300
+	ADDRESS 192.5.6.30
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH opcode qtype qname
+ADJUST copy_id
+REPLY QR AA NOERROR
+SECTION QUESTION
+com. IN NS
+SECTION ANSWER
+com.	86400 IN NS	a.gtld-servers.net.
+SECTION ADDITIONAL
+a.gtld-servers.net.	86400 IN 	A	192.5.6.30
+ENTRY_END
+
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH opcode subdomain
+ADJUST copy_id copy_query
+REPLY QR NXDOMAIN
+SECTION QUESTION
+example.com. IN NS
+SECTION AUTHORITY
+com.	86400 IN SOA a. b. 1 2 3 4 5
+ENTRY_END
+
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH opcode subdomain
+ADJUST copy_id copy_query
+REPLY QR NXDOMAIN
+SECTION QUESTION
+example2.com. IN NS
+SECTION AUTHORITY
+com.	86400 IN SOA a. b. 1 2 3 4 5
+ENTRY_END
+RANGE_END
+
+; ns.example.com.
+RANGE_BEGIN 0 100
+	ADDRESS 1.2.3.4
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH opcode qtype qname
+ADJUST copy_id
+REPLY QR AA NOERROR
+SECTION QUESTION
+example.com. IN NS
+SECTION ANSWER
+example.com.	IN NS	ns.example.com.
+SECTION ADDITIONAL
+ns.example.com.		IN 	A	1.2.3.4
+ENTRY_END
+
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH opcode qtype qname
+ADJUST copy_id
+REPLY QR AA NOERROR
+SECTION QUESTION
+ns.example.com. IN A
+SECTION ANSWER
+ns.example.com. IN A	1.2.3.4
+SECTION AUTHORITY
+example.com.	IN NS	ns.example.com.
+ENTRY_END
+
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH opcode qtype qname
+ADJUST copy_id
+REPLY QR AA NOERROR
+SECTION QUESTION
+ns.example.com. IN AAAA
+SECTION AUTHORITY
+example.com.	IN NS	ns.example.com.
+SECTION ADDITIONAL
+ns.example.com. IN A	1.2.3.4
+ENTRY_END
+
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH opcode qtype qname
+ADJUST copy_id
+REPLY QR AA NOERROR
+SECTION QUESTION
+www.example.com. IN A
+SECTION ANSWER
+www.example.com. IN A	10.20.30.40
+SECTION AUTHORITY
+example.com.	IN NS	ns.example.com.
+SECTION ADDITIONAL
+ns.example.com 	IN A 	1.2.3.4
+ENTRY_END
+RANGE_END
+
+; ns.example2.com.
+RANGE_BEGIN 0 100
+	ADDRESS 1.2.3.5
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH opcode qtype qname
+ADJUST copy_id
+REPLY QR AA NOERROR
+SECTION QUESTION
+example2.com. IN NS
+SECTION ANSWER
+example2.com.	3610 IN NS	ns.example2.com.
+SECTION ADDITIONAL
+ns.example2.com.		3610 IN 	A	1.2.3.5
+ENTRY_END
+
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH opcode qtype qname
+ADJUST copy_id
+REPLY QR AA NOERROR
+SECTION QUESTION
+ns.example2.com. IN A
+SECTION ANSWER
+ns.example2.com. 3610 IN A	1.2.3.5
+SECTION AUTHORITY
+example2.com.	3610 IN NS	ns.example2.com.
+ENTRY_END
+
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH opcode qtype qname
+ADJUST copy_id
+REPLY QR AA NOERROR
+SECTION QUESTION
+ns.example2.com. IN AAAA
+SECTION AUTHORITY
+example2.com.	3610 IN NS	ns.example2.com.
+SECTION ADDITIONAL
+ns.example2.com. 3610 IN A	1.2.3.5
+ENTRY_END
+
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH opcode qtype qname
+ADJUST copy_id
+REPLY QR AA NOERROR
+SECTION QUESTION
+www.example2.com. IN A
+SECTION ANSWER
+www.example2.com. 3610 IN A	10.20.30.40
+SECTION AUTHORITY
+example2.com.	3610 IN NS	ns.example2.com.
+SECTION ADDITIONAL
+ns.example2.com 	3610 IN A 	1.2.3.5
+ENTRY_END
+RANGE_END
+
+STEP 1 QUERY
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+REPLY RD
+SECTION QUESTION
+www.example.com. IN A
+ENTRY_END
+
+; get the delegation in cache
+STEP 20 CHECK_ANSWER
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH all
+REPLY QR RD RA NOERROR
+SECTION QUESTION
+www.example.com. IN A
+SECTION ANSWER
+www.example.com. IN A	10.20.30.40
+SECTION AUTHORITY
+example.com.	IN NS	ns.example.com.
+SECTION ADDITIONAL
+ns.example.com 	IN A 	1.2.3.4
+ENTRY_END
+
+; get example2 in cache too to check other response type
+STEP 30 QUERY
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+REPLY RD
+SECTION QUESTION
+www.example2.com. IN A
+ENTRY_END
+
+STEP 40 CHECK_ANSWER
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH all
+REPLY QR RD RA NOERROR
+SECTION QUESTION
+www.example2.com. IN A
+SECTION ANSWER
+www.example2.com. IN A	10.20.30.40
+SECTION AUTHORITY
+example2.com.	IN NS	ns.example2.com.
+SECTION ADDITIONAL
+ns.example2.com 	IN A 	1.2.3.5
+ENTRY_END
+
+; time passes
+STEP 95 TIME_PASSES ELAPSE 3595
+
+STEP 100 QUERY
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+REPLY RD
+SECTION QUESTION
+ns.example.com. IN A
+ENTRY_END
+
+; ns.example.com RANGE does not answer, only until step 100,
+; so we provide an answer, but first, let time pass beyond the TTL.
+; it is going to time 3605, just passed the 3600 expire TTL, but the
+; query started at 3595 before the TTL expired.
+STEP 110 TIME_PASSES ELAPSE 10 
+
+; provide the answer to the query sent.
+STEP 120 CHECK_OUT_QUERY
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH opcode qtype qname
+ADJUST copy_id
+REPLY QR AA NOERROR
+SECTION QUESTION
+ns.example.com. IN A
+SECTION ANSWER
+SECTION AUTHORITY
+example.com.	IN NS	ns.example.com.
+SECTION ADDITIONAL
+ns.example.com 	IN A 	1.2.3.4
+ENTRY_END
+
+STEP 130 CHECK_ANSWER
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH all
+REPLY QR RD RA NOERROR
+SECTION QUESTION
+ns.example.com. IN A
+SECTION AUTHORITY
+example.com.	IN NS	ns.example.com.
+SECTION ADDITIONAL
+ns.example.com. IN A 	1.2.3.4
+ENTRY_END
+
+; check if the domain is still live.
+STEP 140 QUERY
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+REPLY RD
+SECTION QUESTION
+www2.example.com. IN A
+ENTRY_END
+
+STEP 150 CHECK_ANSWER
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH all
+REPLY QR RD RA NXDOMAIN
+SECTION QUESTION
+www2.example.com. IN A
+SECTION AUTHORITY
+com.	86400 IN SOA a. b. 1 2 3 4 5
+ENTRY_END
+
+; example2 is valid with TTL of 3610, it is time 3605
+STEP 160 QUERY
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+REPLY RD
+SECTION QUESTION
+ns.example2.com. IN A
+ENTRY_END
+
+; move to time 3615
+STEP 170 TIME_PASSES ELAPSE 10 
+
+STEP 180 CHECK_OUT_QUERY
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH opcode qtype qname
+ADJUST copy_id
+REPLY QR AA NOERROR
+SECTION QUESTION
+ns.example2.com. IN A
+SECTION ANSWER
+ns.example2.com. 	IN A 	1.2.3.5
+SECTION AUTHORITY
+example2.com.	IN NS	ns.example2.com.
+SECTION ADDITIONAL
+ns.example2.com. 	IN A 	1.2.3.5
+ENTRY_END
+
+STEP 190 CHECK_ANSWER
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH all
+REPLY QR RD RA NOERROR
+SECTION QUESTION
+ns.example2.com. IN A
+SECTION ANSWER
+ns.example2.com 	IN A 	1.2.3.5
+SECTION AUTHORITY
+example2.com.	IN NS	ns.example2.com.
+SECTION ADDITIONAL
+ENTRY_END
+
+; check if the domain is still live.
+STEP 200 QUERY
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+REPLY RD
+SECTION QUESTION
+www2.example2.com. IN A
+ENTRY_END
+
+STEP 210 CHECK_ANSWER
+ENTRY_BEGIN
+MATCH all
+REPLY QR RD RA NXDOMAIN
+SECTION QUESTION
+www2.example2.com. IN A
+SECTION AUTHORITY
+com.	86400 IN SOA a. b. 1 2 3 4 5
+ENTRY_END
+
+SCENARIO_END
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/util/config_file.c b/contrib/unbound/util/config_file.c
index 363af3c2c5a9..976cb976f48e 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/util/config_file.c
+++ b/contrib/unbound/util/config_file.c
@@ -173,6 +173,7 @@ config_create(void)
 	cfg->infra_cache_slabs = 4;
 	cfg->infra_cache_numhosts = 10000;
 	cfg->infra_cache_min_rtt = 50;
+	cfg->infra_cache_max_rtt = 120000;
 	cfg->infra_keep_probing = 0;
 	cfg->delay_close = 0;
 	cfg->udp_connect = 1;
@@ -595,8 +596,14 @@ int config_set_option(struct config_file* cfg, const char* opt,
 	else if(strcmp(opt, "cache-min-ttl:") == 0)
 	{ IS_NUMBER_OR_ZERO; cfg->min_ttl = atoi(val); MIN_TTL=(time_t)cfg->min_ttl;}
 	else if(strcmp(opt, "infra-cache-min-rtt:") == 0) {
-	    IS_NUMBER_OR_ZERO; cfg->infra_cache_min_rtt = atoi(val);
-	    RTT_MIN_TIMEOUT=cfg->infra_cache_min_rtt;
+	 	IS_NUMBER_OR_ZERO; cfg->infra_cache_min_rtt = atoi(val);
+		RTT_MIN_TIMEOUT=cfg->infra_cache_min_rtt;
+	}
+	else if(strcmp(opt, "infra-cache-max-rtt:") == 0) {
+		IS_NUMBER_OR_ZERO; cfg->infra_cache_max_rtt = atoi(val);
+		RTT_MAX_TIMEOUT=cfg->infra_cache_max_rtt;
+		USEFUL_SERVER_TOP_TIMEOUT = RTT_MAX_TIMEOUT;
+		BLACKLIST_PENALTY = USEFUL_SERVER_TOP_TIMEOUT*4;
 	}
 	else S_YNO("infra-keep-probing:", infra_keep_probing)
 	else S_NUMBER_OR_ZERO("infra-host-ttl:", host_ttl)
@@ -1026,6 +1033,7 @@ config_get_option(struct config_file* cfg, const char* opt,
 	else O_DEC(opt, "infra-host-ttl", host_ttl)
 	else O_DEC(opt, "infra-cache-slabs", infra_cache_slabs)
 	else O_DEC(opt, "infra-cache-min-rtt", infra_cache_min_rtt)
+	else O_UNS(opt, "infra-cache-max-rtt", infra_cache_max_rtt)
 	else O_YNO(opt, "infra-keep-probing", infra_keep_probing)
 	else O_MEM(opt, "infra-cache-numhosts", infra_cache_numhosts)
 	else O_UNS(opt, "delay-close", delay_close)
@@ -2222,11 +2230,14 @@ config_apply(struct config_file* config)
 	SERVE_ORIGINAL_TTL = config->serve_original_ttl;
 	MAX_NEG_TTL = (time_t)config->max_negative_ttl;
 	RTT_MIN_TIMEOUT = config->infra_cache_min_rtt;
+	RTT_MAX_TIMEOUT = config->infra_cache_max_rtt;
 	EDNS_ADVERTISED_SIZE = (uint16_t)config->edns_buffer_size;
 	MINIMAL_RESPONSES = config->minimal_responses;
 	RRSET_ROUNDROBIN = config->rrset_roundrobin;
 	LOG_TAG_QUERYREPLY = config->log_tag_queryreply;
 	UNKNOWN_SERVER_NICENESS = config->unknown_server_time_limit;
+	USEFUL_SERVER_TOP_TIMEOUT = RTT_MAX_TIMEOUT;
+	BLACKLIST_PENALTY = USEFUL_SERVER_TOP_TIMEOUT*4;
 	log_set_time_asc(config->log_time_ascii);
 	autr_permit_small_holddown = config->permit_small_holddown;
 	stream_wait_max = config->stream_wait_size;
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/util/config_file.h b/contrib/unbound/util/config_file.h
index 0b457e3476b9..ed372522dfae 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/util/config_file.h
+++ b/contrib/unbound/util/config_file.h
@@ -186,8 +186,10 @@ struct config_file {
 	size_t infra_cache_slabs;
 	/** max number of hosts in the infra cache */
 	size_t infra_cache_numhosts;
-	/** min value for infra cache rtt */
+	/** min value for infra cache rtt (min retransmit timeout) */
 	int infra_cache_min_rtt;
+	/** max value for infra cache rtt (max retransmit timeout) */
+	int infra_cache_max_rtt;
 	/** keep probing hosts that are down */
 	int infra_keep_probing;
 	/** delay close of udp-timeouted ports, if 0 no delayclose. in msec */
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/util/configlexer.lex b/contrib/unbound/util/configlexer.lex
index 96e542fd1fd2..7f7704b337ba 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/util/configlexer.lex
+++ b/contrib/unbound/util/configlexer.lex
@@ -303,6 +303,7 @@ infra-cache-slabs{COLON}	{ YDVAR(1, VAR_INFRA_CACHE_SLABS) }
 infra-cache-numhosts{COLON}	{ YDVAR(1, VAR_INFRA_CACHE_NUMHOSTS) }
 infra-cache-lame-size{COLON}	{ YDVAR(1, VAR_INFRA_CACHE_LAME_SIZE) }
 infra-cache-min-rtt{COLON}	{ YDVAR(1, VAR_INFRA_CACHE_MIN_RTT) }
+infra-cache-max-rtt{COLON}	{ YDVAR(1, VAR_INFRA_CACHE_MAX_RTT) }
 infra-keep-probing{COLON}	{ YDVAR(1, VAR_INFRA_KEEP_PROBING) }
 num-queries-per-thread{COLON}	{ YDVAR(1, VAR_NUM_QUERIES_PER_THREAD) }
 jostle-timeout{COLON}		{ YDVAR(1, VAR_JOSTLE_TIMEOUT) }
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/util/configparser.y b/contrib/unbound/util/configparser.y
index c003f3358390..c23534019e5e 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/util/configparser.y
+++ b/contrib/unbound/util/configparser.y
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ extern struct config_parser_state* cfg_parser;
 %token VAR_STUB_FIRST VAR_MINIMAL_RESPONSES VAR_RRSET_ROUNDROBIN
 %token VAR_MAX_UDP_SIZE VAR_DELAY_CLOSE VAR_UDP_CONNECT
 %token VAR_UNBLOCK_LAN_ZONES VAR_INSECURE_LAN_ZONES
-%token VAR_INFRA_CACHE_MIN_RTT VAR_INFRA_KEEP_PROBING
+%token VAR_INFRA_CACHE_MIN_RTT VAR_INFRA_CACHE_MAX_RTT VAR_INFRA_KEEP_PROBING
 %token VAR_DNS64_PREFIX VAR_DNS64_SYNTHALL VAR_DNS64_IGNORE_AAAA
 %token VAR_DNSTAP VAR_DNSTAP_ENABLE VAR_DNSTAP_SOCKET_PATH VAR_DNSTAP_IP
 %token VAR_DNSTAP_TLS VAR_DNSTAP_TLS_SERVER_NAME VAR_DNSTAP_TLS_CERT_BUNDLE
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ content_server: server_num_threads | server_verbosity | server_port |
 	server_so_reuseport | server_delay_close | server_udp_connect |
 	server_unblock_lan_zones | server_insecure_lan_zones |
 	server_dns64_prefix | server_dns64_synthall | server_dns64_ignore_aaaa |
-	server_infra_cache_min_rtt | server_harden_algo_downgrade |
+	server_infra_cache_min_rtt | server_infra_cache_max_rtt | server_harden_algo_downgrade |
 	server_ip_transparent | server_ip_ratelimit | server_ratelimit |
 	server_ip_dscp | server_infra_keep_probing |
 	server_ip_ratelimit_slabs | server_ratelimit_slabs |
@@ -1659,6 +1659,15 @@ server_infra_cache_min_rtt: VAR_INFRA_CACHE_MIN_RTT STRING_ARG
 		free($2);
 	}
 	;
+server_infra_cache_max_rtt: VAR_INFRA_CACHE_MAX_RTT STRING_ARG
+	{
+		OUTYY(("P(server_infra_cache_max_rtt:%s)\n", $2));
+		if(atoi($2) == 0 && strcmp($2, "0") != 0)
+			yyerror("number expected");
+		else cfg_parser->cfg->infra_cache_max_rtt = atoi($2);
+		free($2);
+	}
+	;
 server_infra_keep_probing: VAR_INFRA_KEEP_PROBING STRING_ARG
 	{
 		OUTYY(("P(server_infra_keep_probing:%s)\n", $2));
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/util/data/msgreply.c b/contrib/unbound/util/data/msgreply.c
index e3ee607b1540..1e6ee97040cf 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/util/data/msgreply.c
+++ b/contrib/unbound/util/data/msgreply.c
@@ -1015,7 +1015,7 @@ int edns_opt_list_append_ede(struct edns_option** list, struct regional* region,
 	prevp = list;
 	while(*prevp != NULL)
 		prevp = &((*prevp)->next);
-	verbose(VERB_ALGO, "attached EDE code: %d with message: %s", code, txt);
+	verbose(VERB_ALGO, "attached EDE code: %d with message: %s", code, (txt?txt:"\"\""));
 	*prevp = opt;
 	return 1;
 }
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/util/iana_ports.inc b/contrib/unbound/util/iana_ports.inc
index ae2986c822e5..80a8144d385b 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/util/iana_ports.inc
+++ b/contrib/unbound/util/iana_ports.inc
@@ -3976,6 +3976,7 @@
 4789,
 4790,
 4791,
+4792,
 4800,
 4801,
 4802,
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/util/module.h b/contrib/unbound/util/module.h
index 33068a71ce6e..013c65b02dcf 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/util/module.h
+++ b/contrib/unbound/util/module.h
@@ -665,6 +665,12 @@ struct module_qstate {
 	int need_refetch;
 	/** whether the query (or a subquery) was ratelimited */
 	int was_ratelimited;
+	/** time when query was started. This is when the qstate is created.
+	 * This is used so that type NS data cannot be overwritten by them
+	 * expiring while the lookup is in progress, using data fetched from
+	 * those servers. By comparing expiry time with qstarttime for type NS.
+	 */
+	time_t qstarttime;
 
 	/**
 	 * Attributes of clients that share the qstate that may affect IP-based
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/util/rtt.c b/contrib/unbound/util/rtt.c
index f51576fb57fa..b64206ecad18 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/util/rtt.c
+++ b/contrib/unbound/util/rtt.c
@@ -45,6 +45,9 @@
 
 /* overwritten by config: infra_cache_min_rtt: */
 int RTT_MIN_TIMEOUT = 50;
+/* overwritten by config: infra_cache_max_rtt: */
+int RTT_MAX_TIMEOUT = 120000;
+
 /** calculate RTO from rtt information */
 static int
 calc_rto(const struct rtt_info* rtt)
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/util/rtt.h b/contrib/unbound/util/rtt.h
index 07e65ee1d3d1..63ed8eadb9df 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/util/rtt.h
+++ b/contrib/unbound/util/rtt.h
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ struct rtt_info {
 /** min retransmit timeout value, in milliseconds */
 extern int RTT_MIN_TIMEOUT;
 /** max retransmit timeout value, in milliseconds */
-#define RTT_MAX_TIMEOUT 120000
+extern int RTT_MAX_TIMEOUT;
 
 /**
  * Initialize RTT estimators.
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/validator/val_utils.c b/contrib/unbound/validator/val_utils.c
index 18c963d863f1..e2319ee2399d 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/validator/val_utils.c
+++ b/contrib/unbound/validator/val_utils.c
@@ -489,7 +489,6 @@ int val_favorite_ds_algo(struct ub_packed_rrset_key* ds_rrset)
 	return digest_algo;
 }
 
-// @TODO change the use of this function to _ede function in authzone.c:8111
 enum sec_status
 val_verify_DNSKEY_with_DS(struct module_env* env, struct val_env* ve,
 	struct ub_packed_rrset_key* dnskey_rrset,
diff --git a/contrib/unbound/validator/validator.c b/contrib/unbound/validator/validator.c
index 75f3220cf3d9..1723afefe353 100644
--- a/contrib/unbound/validator/validator.c
+++ b/contrib/unbound/validator/validator.c
@@ -2202,7 +2202,7 @@ processFinished(struct module_qstate* qstate, struct val_qstate* vq,
 		if(!qstate->no_cache_store) {
 			if(!dns_cache_store(qstate->env, &vq->orig_msg->qinfo,
 				vq->orig_msg->rep, 0, qstate->prefetch_leeway, 0, NULL,
-				qstate->query_flags)) {
+				qstate->query_flags, qstate->qstarttime)) {
 				log_err("out of memory caching validator results");
 			}
 		}
@@ -2211,7 +2211,7 @@ processFinished(struct module_qstate* qstate, struct val_qstate* vq,
 		/* and this does not get prefetched, so no leeway */
 		if(!dns_cache_store(qstate->env, &vq->orig_msg->qinfo,
 			vq->orig_msg->rep, 1, 0, 0, NULL,
-			qstate->query_flags)) {
+			qstate->query_flags, qstate->qstarttime)) {
 			log_err("out of memory caching validator results");
 		}
 	}
@@ -2493,7 +2493,8 @@ ds_response_to_ke(struct module_qstate* qstate, struct val_qstate* vq,
 			/* If they aren't usable, then we treat it like 
 			 * there was no DS. */
 
-			// @TODO add EDE Unsupported DS Digest Type
+			/* TODO add EDE Unsupported DS Digest Type; this needs
+			 * EDE to be added on non SERVFAIL answers. */
 
 			*ke = key_entry_create_null(qstate->region, 
 				qinfo->qname, qinfo->qname_len, qinfo->qclass,