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769 lines
22 KiB
XML
769 lines
22 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<chapter>
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<title>PostGIS Reference</title>
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<para>The functions given below are the ones which a user of PostGIS is
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likely to need. There are other functions which are required support
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functions to the PostGIS objects which are not of use to a general
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user.</para>
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<note>
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<para>PostGIS has begun a transition from the existing naming convention
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to an SQL-MM-centric convention. As a result, most of the functions that
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you know and love have been renamed using the standard spatial type (ST)
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prefix. Previous functions are still available, though are not listed in
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this document where updated functions are equivalent. These will be
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deprecated in a future release.</para>
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</note>
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<sect1>
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<title>OpenGIS Functions</title>
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<sect2>
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<title>Geometry Constructors</title>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>ST_LineFromText(text)</term>
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<term>ST_LineFromText(text,srid integer)</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Makes a Geometry from WKT with the given SRID. If SRID is
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not give, it defaults to -1.</para>
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<para>OGC SPEC 3.2.6.2 - option SRID is from the conformance
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suite</para>
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<para>Throws an error if the WKT is not a Line</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>ST_LinestringFromText(text)</term>
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<term>ST_LinestringFromText(text,srid integer)</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Makes a Geometry from WKT with the given SRID. If SRID is
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not give, it defaults to -1.</para>
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<para>from the conformance suite</para>
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<para>Throws an error if the WKT is not a Line</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>ST_PolyFromText(text,[<srid>])</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Makes a Geometry from WKT with the given SRID. If SRID is
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not give, it defaults to -1.</para>
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<para>OGC SPEC 3.2.6.2 - option SRID is from the conformance
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suite</para>
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<para>Throws an error if the WKT is not a Polygon</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>ST_PolygonFromText(text,[<srid>])</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Makes a Geometry from WKT with the given SRID. If SRID is
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not give, it defaults to -1.</para>
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<para>from the conformance suite</para>
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<para>Throws an error if the WKT is not a Polygon</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>ST_MPointFromText(text,[<srid>])</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Makes a Geometry from WKT with the given SRID. If SRID is
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not give, it defaults to -1.</para>
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<para>OGC SPEC 3.2.6.2 - option SRID is from the conformance
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suite</para>
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<para>Throws an error if the WKT is not a MULTIPOINT</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>ST_MLineFromText(text,[<srid>])</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Makes a Geometry from WKT with the given SRID. If SRID is
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not give, it defaults to -1.</para>
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<para>OGC SPEC 3.2.6.2 - option SRID is from the conformance
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suite</para>
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<para>Throws an error if the WKT is not a MULTILINESTRING</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>ST_MPolyFromText(text,[<srid>])</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Makes a Geometry from WKT with the given SRID. If SRID is
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not give, it defaults to -1.</para>
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<para>OGC SPEC 3.2.6.2 - option SRID is from the conformance
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suite</para>
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<para>Throws an error if the WKT is not a MULTIPOLYGON</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>ST_GeomCollFromText(text,[<srid>])</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Makes a Geometry from WKT with the given SRID. If SRID is
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not give, it defaults to -1.</para>
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<para>OGC SPEC 3.2.6.2 - option SRID is from the conformance
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suite</para>
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<para>Throws an error if the WKT is not a
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GEOMETRYCOLLECTION</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>ST_GeometryFromWKB(bytea,[<srid>])</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Makes a Geometry from WKB with the given SRID. If SRID is
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not give, it defaults to -1.</para>
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<para>OGC SPEC 3.2.7.2 - option SRID is from the conformance
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suite</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>ST_PointFromWKB(bytea,[<srid>])</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Makes a Geometry from WKB with the given SRID. If SRID is
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not give, it defaults to -1.</para>
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<para>OGC SPEC 3.2.7.2 - option SRID is from the conformance
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suite</para>
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<para>throws an error if WKB is not a POINT</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>ST_LineFromWKB(bytea,[<srid>])</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Makes a Geometry from WKB with the given SRID. If SRID is
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not give, it defaults to -1.</para>
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<para>OGC SPEC 3.2.7.2 - option SRID is from the conformance
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suite</para>
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<para>throws an error if WKB is not a LINESTRING</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>ST_LinestringFromWKB(bytea,[<srid>])</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Makes a Geometry from WKB with the given SRID. If SRID is
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not give, it defaults to -1.</para>
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<para>from the conformance suite</para>
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<para>throws an error if WKB is not a LINESTRING</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>ST_PolyFromWKB(bytea,[<srid>])</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Makes a Geometry from WKB with the given SRID. If SRID is
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not give, it defaults to -1.</para>
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<para>OGC SPEC 3.2.7.2 - option SRID is from the conformance
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suite</para>
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<para>throws an error if WKB is not a POLYGON</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>ST_PolygonFromWKB(bytea,[<srid>])</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Makes a Geometry from WKB with the given SRID. If SRID is
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not give, it defaults to -1.</para>
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<para>from the conformance suite</para>
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<para>throws an error if WKB is not a POLYGON</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>ST_MPointFromWKB(bytea,[<srid>])</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Makes a Geometry from WKB with the given SRID. If SRID is
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not give, it defaults to -1.</para>
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<para>OGC SPEC 3.2.7.2 - option SRID is from the conformance
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suite</para>
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<para>throws an error if WKB is not a MULTIPOINT</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>ST_MLineFromWKB(bytea,[<srid>])</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Makes a Geometry from WKB with the given SRID. If SRID is
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not give, it defaults to -1.</para>
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<para>OGC SPEC 3.2.7.2 - option SRID is from the conformance
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suite</para>
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<para>throws an error if WKB is not a MULTILINESTRING</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>ST_MPolyFromWKB(bytea,[<srid>])</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Makes a Geometry from WKB with the given SRID. If SRID is
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not give, it defaults to -1.</para>
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<para>OGC SPEC 3.2.7.2 - option SRID is from the conformance
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suite</para>
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<para>throws an error if WKB is not a MULTIPOLYGON</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>ST_GeomCollFromWKB(bytea,[<srid>])</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Makes a Geometry from WKB with the given SRID. If SRID is
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not give, it defaults to -1.</para>
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<para>OGC SPEC 3.2.7.2 - option SRID is from the conformance
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suite</para>
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<para>throws an error if WKB is not a GEOMETRYCOLLECTION</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</sect2>
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</sect1>
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<sect1>
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<title>PostGIS Extensions</title>
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<sect2>
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<title>Operators</title>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>A = B</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The "=" operator returns true if A's bounding box
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is the same as B's bounding box.</para>
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<note><para>This is cause for a lot of confusion. When you compare geometryA = geometryB it will return
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true even when the geometries are clearly different if their bounding boxes are the same. To check for
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true equality use <xref linkend="ST_OrderingEquals"/> or <xref linkend="ST_Equals"/></para></note>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>A &< B</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The "&<" operator returns true if A's bounding box
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overlaps or is to the left of B's bounding box.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>A &> B</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The "&>" operator returns true if A's bounding box
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overlaps or is to the right of B's bounding box.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>A << B</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The "<<" operator returns true if A's bounding box is
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strictly to the left of B's bounding box.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>A >> B</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The ">>" operator returns true if A's bounding box is
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strictly to the right of B's bounding box.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>A &<| B</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The "&<|" operator returns true if A's bounding box
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overlaps or is below B's bounding box.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>A |&> B</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The "|&>" operator returns true if A's bounding box
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overlaps or is above B's bounding box.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>A <<| B</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The "<<|" operator returns true if A's bounding box is
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strictly below B's bounding box.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>A |>> B</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The "|>>" operator returns true if A's bounding box is
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strictly above B's bounding box.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>A ~= B</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The "~=" operator is the "same as" operator. It tests actual
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geometric equality of two features. So if A and B are the same
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feature, vertex-by-vertex, the operator returns true.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>A @ B</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The "@" operator returns true if A's bounding box is
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completely contained by B's bounding box.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>A ~ B</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The "~" operator returns true if A's bounding box completely
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contains B's bounding box.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>A && B</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The "&&" operator is the "overlaps" operator. If A's
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bounding box overlaps B's bounding box the operator returns
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true.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Misc</title>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>ST_box2d(geometry)</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Returns a BOX2D representing the maximum extents of the
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geometry.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>ST_box3d(geometry)</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Returns a BOX3D representing the maximum extents of the
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geometry.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="zmflag">
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<term>ST_zmflag(geometry)</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Returns ZM (dimension semantic) flag of the geometries as a
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small int. Values are: 0=2d, 1=3dm, 2=3dz, 3=4d.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>ST_nrings(geometry)</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>If the geometry is a polygon or multi-polygon returns the
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number of rings.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>ST_find_srid(varchar,varchar,varchar)</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The syntax is find_srid(<db/schema>, <table>,
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<column>) and the function returns the integer SRID of the
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specified column by searching through the GEOMETRY_COLUMNS table.
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If the geometry column has not been properly added with the
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AddGeometryColumns() function, this function will not work
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either.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="ST_Point_Inside_Circle">
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<term>ST_point_inside_circle(geometry, float, float, float)</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The syntax for this functions is
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point_inside_circle(<geometry>,<circle_center_x>,<circle_center_y>,<radius>).
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Returns the true if the geometry is a point and is inside the
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circle. Returns false otherwise.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>ST_XMin(box3d) ST_YMin(box3d) ST_ZMin(box3d)</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Returns the requested minima of a bounding box.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>ST_XMax(box3d) ST_YMax(box3d) ST_ZMax(box3d)</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Returns the requested maxima of a bounding box.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Long Transactions support</title>
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<para>This module and associated pl/pgsql functions have been
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implemented to provide long locking support required by <ulink
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|
url="http://portal.opengeospatial.org/files/index.php?artifact_id=7176">Web
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Feature Service</ulink> specification.</para>
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<note>
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<para>Users must use <ulink
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url="http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.3/static/transaction-iso.html">serializable
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transaction level</ulink> otherwise locking mechanism would
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break.</para>
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</note>
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|
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<variablelist>
|
|
<varlistentry id="CheckAuth">
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|
<term>CheckAuth([<schema>], <table>,
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<rowid_col>)</term>
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|
|
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<listitem>
|
|
<para>Check updates and deletes of rows in given table for being
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authorized. Identify rows using <rowid_col> column.</para>
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<para>Availability: 1.1.3</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="LockRow">
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|
<term>LockRow([<schema>], <table>, <rowid>,
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<authid>, [<expires>])</term>
|
|
|
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<listitem>
|
|
<para>Set lock/authorization for specific row in table
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<authid> is a text value, <expires> is a timestamp
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defaulting to now()+1hour. Returns 1 if lock has been assigned, 0
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|
otherwise (already locked by other auth)</para>
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|
|
|
<para>Availability: 1.1.3</para>
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|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="UnlockRows">
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|
<term>UnlockRows(<authid>)</term>
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|
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<listitem>
|
|
<para>Remove all locks held by specified authorization id. Returns
|
|
the number of locks released.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Availability: 1.1.3</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="AddAuth">
|
|
<term>AddAuth(<authid>)</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Add an authorization token to be used in current
|
|
transaction.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Availability: 1.1.3</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
<sect1>
|
|
<title>SQL-MM Functions</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>This is a listing of the SQL-MM defined functions that PostGIS
|
|
currently supports. The implementations of these functions follow the
|
|
ArcSDE implementation, and thus deviate somewhat from the spec. These
|
|
deviations will be noted.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>As of version 1.2.0, these functions have been implemented by
|
|
wrapping existing PostGIS functions. As a result, full support for curved
|
|
geometries may not be in place for many functions.</para>
|
|
|
|
<note>
|
|
<para>SQL-MM defines the default SRID of all geometry constructors as 0.
|
|
PostGIS uses a default SRID of -1.</para>
|
|
</note>
|
|
|
|
<variablelist>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>ST_LineFromText</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Return a specified ST_LineString value.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>SQL-MM 3: 7.2.8</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>ST_LineFromWKB</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Return a specified ST_LineString value.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>SQL-MM 3: 7.2.9</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>ST_MLineFromText</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Return a specified ST_MultiLineString value.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>SQL-MM 3: 9.4.4</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>ST_MLineFromWKB</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Return a specified ST_MultiLineString value.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>SQL-MM 3: 9.4.5</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>ST_MPointFromText</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Return a specified ST_MultiPoint value.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>SQL-MM 3: 9.2.4</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>ST_MPointFromWKB</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Return a specified ST_MultiPoint value.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>SQL-MM 3: 9.2.5</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>ST_MPolyFromText</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Return a specified ST_MultiPolygon value.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>SQL-MM 3: 9.6.4</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>ST_MPolyFromWKB</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Return a specified ST_MultiPolygon value.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>SQL-MM 3: 9.6.5</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>ST_PointFromText</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Return a specified ST_Point value.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>SQL-MM 3: 6.1.8</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>ST_PointFromWKB</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Return a specified ST_Point value.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>SQL-MM 3: 6.1.9</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>ST_PolyFromText</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Return a specified ST_Polygon value.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>SQL-MM 3: 8.3.6</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>ST_PolyFromWKB</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Return a specified ST_Polygon value.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>SQL-MM 3: 8.3.7</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
<sect1>
|
|
<title>ArcSDE Functions</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>Additional functions have been added to improve support for an
|
|
ArcSDE style interface.</para>
|
|
|
|
<variablelist>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>SE_EnvelopesIntersect</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Returns t (TRUE) if the envelopes of two geometries intersect;
|
|
otherwise, it returns f (FALSE).</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>SE_Is3d</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Test if a geometry value has z coordinate values.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>SE_IsMeasured</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Test if a geometry value has m coordinate values.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>SE_LocateAlong</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Return a derived geometry collection value with elements that
|
|
match the specified measur.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>SE_LocateBetween</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Return a derived geometry collection value with elements that
|
|
match the specified range of measures inclusively.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>SE_M</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Returns the m coordinate value of an ST_Point value.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>SE_Z</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Returns the z coordinate value of an ST_Point value</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
</chapter>
|