rust/RELEASES.txt
2013-09-20 11:47:53 -07:00

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Version 0.8 (October 2013)
--------------------------
* ~2100 changes, numerous bugfixes
* Language
* The `for` loop syntax has changed to work with the `Iterator` trait.
* At long last, unwinding works on Windows.
* Default methods are ready for use.
* Many trait inheritance bugs fixed.
* Owned and borrowed trait objects work more reliably.
* `copy` is no longer a keyword. It has been replaced by the `Clone` trait.
* rustc no longer emits code for the `debug!` macro unless it is passed
`--cfg debug`
* mod.rs is now "blessed". When loading `mod foo;`, rustc will now look
for foo.rs, then foo/mod.rs, and will generate an error when both are
present.
* Strings no longer contain trailing nulls. The new `std::c_str` module
provides new mechanisms for converting to C strings.
* The type of foreign functions is now `extern "C" fn` instead of `*u8'.
* The FFI has been overhauled such that foreign functions are called directly,
instead of through a stack-switching wrapper.
* Calling a foreign function must be done through a Rust function with the
`#[fixed_stack_segment]` attribute.
* The `externfn!` macro can be used to declare both a foreign function and
a `#[fixed_stack_segment]` wrapper at once.
* `pub` and `priv` modifiers on `extern` blocks are no longer parsed.
* `unsafe` is no longer allowed on extern fns - they are all unsafe.
* `priv` is disallowed everywhere except for struct fields and enum variants.
* `&T` (besides `&'static T`) is no longer allowed in `@T`.
* `ref` bindings in irrefutable patterns work correctly now.
* `char` is now prevented from containing invalid code points.
* Casting to `bool` is no longer allowed.
* `yield` is a reserved keyword.
* `typeof` is a reserved keyword.
* Crates may be imported by URL with `extern mod foo = "url";`.
* Explicit enum discriminants may be given as uints as in `enum E { V = 0u }`
* Static vectors can be initialized with repeating elements,
e.g. `static foo: [u8, .. 100]: [0, .. 100];`.
* Static structs can be initialized with functional record update,
e.g. `static foo: Foo = Foo { a: 5, .. bar };`.
* `cfg!` can be used to conditionally execute code based on the crate
configuration, similarly to `#[cfg(...)]`.
* The `unnecessary_qualification` lint detects unneeded module
prefixes (default: allow).
* Arithmetic operations have been implemented on the SIMD types in
`std::unstable::simd`.
* Exchange allocation headers were removed, reducing memory usage.
* `format!` implements a completely new, extensible, and higher-performance
string formatting system. It will replace `fmt!`.
* `print!` and `println!` write formatted strings (using the `format!`
extension) to stdout.
* `write!` and `writeln!` write formatted strings (using the `format!`
extension) to the new Writers in `std::rt::io`.
* The library section in which a function or static is placed may
be specified with `#[link_section = "..."]`.
* The `proto!` syntax extension for defining bounded message protocols
was removed.
* `macro_rules!` is hygienic for `let` declarations.
* The `#[export_name]` attribute specifies the name of a symbol.
* `unreachable!` can be used to indicate unreachable code, and fails
if executed.
* Libraries
* std: Transitioned to the new runtime, written in Rust.
* std: Added an experimental I/O library, `rt::io`, based on the new
runtime.
* std: A new generic `range` function was added to the prelude, replacing
`uint::range` and friends.
* std: `range_rev` no longer exists. Since range is an iterator it can be
reversed with `range(lo, hi).invert()`.
* std: The `chain` method on option renamed to `and_then`; `unwrap_or_default`
renamed to `unwrap_or`.
* std: The `iterator` module was renamed to `iter`.
* std: Integral types now support the `checked_add`, `checked_sub`, and
`checked_mul` operations for detecting overflow.
* std: Many methods in `str`, `vec`, `option, `result` were renamed for
consistency.
* std: Methods are standardizing on conventions for casting methods:
`to_foo` for copying, `into_foo` for moving, `as_foo` for temporary
and cheap casts.
* std: The `CString` type in `c_str` provides new ways to convert to and
from C strings.
* std: `DoubleEndedIterator` can yield elements in two directions.
* std: The `mut_split` method on vectors partitions an `&mut [T]` into
two splices.
* std: `str::from_bytes` renamed to `str::from_utf8`.
* std: `pop_opt` and `shift_opt` methods added to vectors.
* std: The task-local data interface no longer uses @, and keys are
no longer function pointers.
* std: The `swap_unwrap` method of `Option` renamed to `take_unwrap`.
* std: Added `SharedPort` to `comm`.
* std: `Eq` has a default method for `ne`; only `eq` is required
in implementations.
* std: `Ord` has default methods for `le`, `gt` and `ge`; only `lt`
is required in implementations.
* std: `is_utf8` performance is improved, impacting many string functions.
* std: `os::MemoryMap` provides cross-platform mmap.
* std: `ptr::offset` is now unsafe, but also more optimized. Offsets that
are not 'in-bounds' are considered undefined.
* std: Many freestanding functions in `vec` removed in favor of methods.
* std: Many freestanding functions on scalar types removed in favor of
methods.
* std: Many options to task builders were removed since they don't make
sense in the new scheduler design.
* std: More containers implement `FromIterator` so can be created by the
`collect` method.
* std: More complete atomic types in `unstable::atomics`.
* std: `comm::PortSet` removed.
* std: Mutating methods in the `Set` and `Map` traits have been moved into
the `MutableSet` and `MutableMap` traits. `Container::is_empty`,
`Map::contains_key`, `MutableMap::insert`, and `MutableMap::remove` have
default implementations.
* extra: `dlist`, the doubly-linked list was modernized.
* extra: Added a `hex` module with `ToHex` and `FromHex` traits.
* extra: Added `glob` module, replacing `std::os::glob`.
* extra: `rope` was removed.
* extra: `deque` was renamed to `ringbuf`. `RingBuf` implements `Deque`.
* extra: `net`, and `timer` were removed. The experimental replacements
are `std::rt::io::net` and `std::rt::io::timer`.
* extra: Iterators implemented for `SmallIntMap`.
* extra: Iterators implemented for `Bitv` and `BitvSet`.
* extra: `SmallIntSet` removed. Use `BitvSet`.
* extra: Performance of JSON parsing greatly improved.
* extra: `semver` updated to SemVer 2.0.0.
* extra: `term` handles more terminals correctly.
* extra: `dbg` module removed.
* Other
* rustc's debug info generation (`-Z debug-info`) is greatly improved.
* rustc accepts `--target-cpu` to compile to a specific CPU architecture,
similarly to gcc's `--march` flag.
* rustpkg has received many improvements.
* rustpkg supports git tags as package IDs.
* rustpkg builds into target-specific directories so it can be used for
cross-compiling.
* The number of concurrent test tasks is controlled by the environment
variable RUST_TEST_TASKS.
* The test harness can now report metrics for benchmarks.
* All tools have man pages.
* Programs compiled with `--test` now support the `-h` and `--help` flags.
* The runtime uses jemalloc for allocations.
* Segmented stacks are temporarily disabled as part of the transition to
the new runtime. Stack overflows are possible!
Version 0.7 (July 2013)
-----------------------
* ~2000 changes, numerous bugfixes
* Language
* `impl`s no longer accept a visibility qualifier. Put them on methods
instead.
* The borrow checker has been rewritten with flow-sensitivity, fixing
many bugs and inconveniences.
* The `self` parameter no longer implicitly means `&'self self`,
and can be explicitly marked with a lifetime.
* Overloadable compound operators (`+=`, etc.) have been temporarily
removed due to bugs.
* The `for` loop protocol now requires `for`-iterators to return `bool`
so they compose better.
* The `Durable` trait is replaced with the `'static` bounds.
* Trait default methods work more often.
* Structs with the `#[packed]` attribute have byte alignment and
no padding between fields.
* Type parameters bound by `Copy` must now be copied explicitly with
the `copy` keyword.
* It is now illegal to move out of a dereferenced unsafe pointer.
* `Option<~T>` is now represented as a nullable pointer.
* `@mut` does dynamic borrow checks correctly.
* The `main` function is only detected at the topmost level of the crate.
The `#[main]` attribute is still valid anywhere.
* Struct fields may no longer be mutable. Use inherited mutability.
* The `#[no_send]` attribute makes a type that would otherwise be
`Send`, not.
* The `#[no_freeze]` attribute makes a type that would otherwise be
`Freeze`, not.
* Unbounded recursion will abort the process after reaching the limit
specified by the `RUST_MAX_STACK` environment variable (default: 1GB).
* The `vecs_implicitly_copyable` lint mode has been removed. Vectors
are never implicitly copyable.
* `#[static_assert]` makes compile-time assertions about static bools.
* At long last, 'argument modes' no longer exist.
* The rarely used `use mod` statement no longer exists.
* Syntax extensions
* `fail!` and `assert!` accept `~str`, `&'static str` or `fmt!`-style
argument list.
* `Encodable`, `Decodable`, `Ord`, `TotalOrd`, `TotalEq`, `DeepClone`,
`Rand`, `Zero` and `ToStr` can all be automatically derived with
`#[deriving(...)]`.
* The `bytes!` macro returns a vector of bytes for string, u8, char,
and unsuffixed integer literals.
* Libraries
* The `core` crate was renamed to `std`.
* The `std` crate was renamed to `extra`.
* More and improved documentation.
* std: `iterator` module for external iterator objects.
* Many old-style (internal, higher-order function) iterators replaced by
implementations of `Iterator`.
* std: Many old internal vector and string iterators,
incl. `any`, `all`. removed.
* std: The `finalize` method of `Drop` renamed to `drop`.
* std: The prelude no longer reexports any modules, only types and traits.
* std: Prelude additions: `print`, `println`, `FromStr`, `ApproxEq`, `Equiv`,
`Iterator`, `IteratorUtil`, many numeric traits, many tuple traits.
* std: New numeric traits: `Fractional`, `Real`, `RealExt`, `Integer`, `Ratio`,
`Algebraic`, `Trigonometric`, `Exponential`, `Primitive`.
* std: Tuple traits and accessors defined for up to 12-tuples, e.g.
`(0, 1, 2).n2()` or `(0, 1, 2).n2_ref()`.
* std: Many types implement `Clone`.
* std: `path` type renamed to `Path`.
* std: `mut` module and `Mut` type removed.
* std: Many standalone functions removed in favor of methods and iterators
in `vec`, `str`. In the future methods will also work as functions.
* std: `reinterpret_cast` removed. Use `transmute`.
* std: ascii string handling in `std::ascii`.
* std: `Rand` is implemented for ~/@.
* std: `run` module for spawning processes overhauled.
* std: Various atomic types added to `unstable::atomic`.
* std: Various types implement `Zero`.
* std: `LinearMap` and `LinearSet` renamed to `HashMap` and `HashSet`.
* std: Borrowed pointer functions moved from `ptr` to `borrow`.
* std: Added `os::mkdir_recursive`.
* std: Added `os::glob` function performs filesystems globs.
* std: `FuzzyEq` renamed to `ApproxEq`.
* std: `Map` now defines `pop` and `swap` methods.
* std: `Cell` constructors converted to static methods.
* extra: `rc` module adds the reference counted pointers, `Rc` and `RcMut`.
* extra: `flate` module moved from `std` to `extra`.
* extra: `fileinput` module for iterating over a series of files.
* extra: `Complex` number type and `complex` module.
* extra: `Rational` number type and `rational` module.
* extra: `BigInt`, `BigUint` implement numeric and comparison traits.
* extra: `term` uses terminfo now, is more correct.
* extra: `arc` functions converted to methods.
* extra: Implementation of fixed output size variations of SHA-2.
* Tooling
* `unused_variable` lint mode for unused variables (default: warn).
* `unused_unsafe` lint mode for detecting unnecessary `unsafe` blocks
(default: warn).
* `unused_mut` lint mode for identifying unused `mut` qualifiers
(default: warn).
* `dead_assignment` lint mode for unread variables (default: warn).
* `unnecessary_allocation` lint mode detects some heap allocations that are
immediately borrowed so could be written without allocating (default: warn).
* `missing_doc` lint mode (default: allow).
* `unreachable_code` lint mode (default: warn).
* The `rusti` command has been rewritten and a number of bugs addressed.
* rustc outputs in color on more terminals.
* rustc accepts a `--link-args` flag to pass arguments to the linker.
* rustc accepts a `-Z print-link-args` flag for debugging linkage.
* Compiling with `-g` will make the binary record information about
dynamic borrowcheck failures for debugging.
* rustdoc has a nicer stylesheet.
* Various improvements to rustdoc.
* Improvements to rustpkg (see the detailed release notes).
Version 0.6 (April 2013)
------------------------
* ~2100 changes, numerous bugfixes
* Syntax changes
* The self type parameter in traits is now spelled `Self`
* The `self` parameter in trait and impl methods must now be explicitly
named (for example: `fn f(&self) { }`). Implicit self is deprecated.
* Static methods no longer require the `static` keyword and instead
are distinguished by the lack of a `self` parameter
* Replaced the `Durable` trait with the `'static` lifetime
* The old closure type syntax with the trailing sigil has been
removed in favor of the more consistent leading sigil
* `super` is a keyword, and may be prefixed to paths
* Trait bounds are separated with `+` instead of whitespace
* Traits are implemented with `impl Trait for Type`
instead of `impl Type: Trait`
* Lifetime syntax is now `&'l foo` instead of `&l/foo`
* The `export` keyword has finally been removed
* The `move` keyword has been removed (see "Semantic changes")
* The interior mutability qualifier on vectors, `[mut T]`, has been
removed. Use `&mut [T]`, etc.
* `mut` is no longer valid in `~mut T`. Use inherited mutability
* `fail` is no longer a keyword. Use `fail!()`
* `assert` is no longer a keyword. Use `assert!()`
* `log` is no longer a keyword. use `debug!`, etc.
* 1-tuples may be represented as `(T,)`
* Struct fields may no longer be `mut`. Use inherited mutability,
`@mut T`, `core::mut` or `core::cell`
* `extern mod { ... }` is no longer valid syntax for foreign
function modules. Use extern blocks: `extern { ... }`
* Newtype enums removed. Use tuple-structs.
* Trait implementations no longer support visibility modifiers
* Pattern matching over vectors improved and expanded
* `const` renamed to `static` to correspond to lifetime name,
and make room for future `static mut` unsafe mutable globals.
* Replaced `#[deriving_eq]` with `#[deriving(Eq)]`, etc.
* `Clone` implementations can be automatically generated with
`#[deriving(Clone)]`
* Casts to traits must use a pointer sigil, e.g. `@foo as @Bar`
instead of `foo as Bar`.
* Fixed length vector types are now written as `[int, .. 3]`
instead of `[int * 3]`.
* Fixed length vector types can express the length as a constant
expression. (ex: `[int, .. GL_BUFFER_SIZE - 2]`)
* Semantic changes
* Types with owned pointers or custom destructors move by default,
eliminating the `move` keyword
* All foreign functions are considered unsafe
* &mut is now unaliasable
* Writes to borrowed @mut pointers are prevented dynamically
* () has size 0
* The name of the main function can be customized using #[main]
* The default type of an inferred closure is &fn instead of @fn
* `use` statements may no longer be "chained" - they cannot import
identifiers imported by previous `use` statements
* `use` statements are crate relative, importing from the "top"
of the crate by default. Paths may be prefixed with `super::`
or `self::` to change the search behavior.
* Method visibility is inherited from the implementation declaration
* Structural records have been removed
* Many more types can be used in static items, including enums
'static-lifetime pointers and vectors
* Pattern matching over vectors improved and expanded
* Typechecking of closure types has been overhauled to
improve inference and eliminate unsoundness
* Macros leave scope at the end of modules, unless that module is
tagged with #[macro_escape]
* Libraries
* Added big integers to `std::bigint`
* Removed `core::oldcomm` module
* Added pipe-based `core::comm` module
* Numeric traits have been reorganized under `core::num`
* `vec::slice` finally returns a slice
* `debug!` and friends don't require a format string, e.g. `debug!(Foo)`
* Containers reorganized around traits in `core::container`
* `core::dvec` removed, `~[T]` is a drop-in replacement
* `core::send_map` renamed to `core::hashmap`
* `std::map` removed; replaced with `core::hashmap`
* `std::treemap` reimplemented as an owned balanced tree
* `std::deque` and `std::smallintmap` reimplemented as owned containers
* `core::trie` added as a fast ordered map for integer keys
* Set types added to `core::hashmap`, `core::trie` and `std::treemap`
* `Ord` split into `Ord` and `TotalOrd`. `Ord` is still used to
overload the comparison operators, whereas `TotalOrd` is used
by certain container types
* Other
* Replaced the 'cargo' package manager with 'rustpkg'
* Added all-purpose 'rust' tool
* `rustc --test` now supports benchmarks with the `#[bench]` attribute
* rustc now *attempts* to offer spelling suggestions
* Improved support for ARM and Android
* Preliminary MIPS backend
* Improved foreign function ABI implementation for x86, x86_64
* Various memory usage improvements
* Rust code may be embedded in foreign code under limited circumstances
* Inline assembler supported by new asm!() syntax extension.
Version 0.5 (December 2012)
---------------------------
* ~900 changes, numerous bugfixes
* Syntax changes
* Removed `<-` move operator
* Completed the transition from the `#fmt` extension syntax to `fmt!`
* Removed old fixed length vector syntax - `[T]/N`
* New token-based quasi-quoters, `quote_tokens!`, `quote_expr!`, etc.
* Macros may now expand to items and statements
* `a.b()` is always parsed as a method call, never as a field projection
* `Eq` and `IterBytes` implementations can be automatically generated
with `#[deriving_eq]` and `#[deriving_iter_bytes]` respectively
* Removed the special crate language for `.rc` files
* Function arguments may consist of any irrefutable pattern
* Semantic changes
* `&` and `~` pointers may point to objects
* Tuple structs - `struct Foo(Bar, Baz)`. Will replace newtype enums.
* Enum variants may be structs
* Destructors can be added to all nominal types with the Drop trait
* Structs and nullary enum variants may be constants
* Values that cannot be implicitly copied are now automatically moved
without writing `move` explicitly
* `&T` may now be coerced to `*T`
* Coercions happen in `let` statements as well as function calls
* `use` statements now take crate-relative paths
* The module and type namespaces have been merged so that static
method names can be resolved under the trait in which they are
declared
* Improved support for language features
* Trait inheritance works in many scenarios
* More support for explicit self arguments in methods - `self`, `&self`
`@self`, and `~self` all generally work as expected
* Static methods work in more situations
* Experimental: Traits may declare default methods for the implementations
to use
* Libraries
* New condition handling system in `core::condition`
* Timsort added to `std::sort`
* New priority queue, `std::priority_queue`
* Pipes for serializable types, `std::flatpipes'
* Serialization overhauled to be trait-based
* Expanded `getopts` definitions
* Moved futures to `std`
* More functions are pure now
* `core::comm` renamed to `oldcomm`. Still deprecated
* `rustdoc` and `cargo` are libraries now
* Misc
* Added a preliminary REPL, `rusti`
* License changed from MIT to dual MIT/APL2
Version 0.4 (October 2012)
--------------------------
* ~2000 changes, numerous bugfixes
* Syntax
* All keywords are now strict and may not be used as identifiers anywhere
* Keyword removal: 'again', 'import', 'check', 'new', 'owned', 'send',
'of', 'with', 'to', 'class'.
* Classes are replaced with simpler structs
* Explicit method self types
* `ret` became `return` and `alt` became `match`
* `import` is now `use`; `use is now `extern mod`
* `extern mod { ... }` is now `extern { ... }`
* `use mod` is the recommended way to import modules
* `pub` and `priv` replace deprecated export lists
* The syntax of `match` pattern arms now uses fat arrow (=>)
* `main` no longer accepts an args vector; use `os::args` instead
* Semantics
* Trait implementations are now coherent, ala Haskell typeclasses
* Trait methods may be static
* Argument modes are deprecated
* Borrowed pointers are much more mature and recommended for use
* Strings and vectors in the static region are stored in constant memory
* Typestate was removed
* Resolution rewritten to be more reliable
* Support for 'dual-mode' data structures (freezing and thawing)
* Libraries
* Most binary operators can now be overloaded via the traits in
`core::ops'
* `std::net::url` for representing URLs
* Sendable hash maps in `core::send_map`
* `core::task' gained a (currently unsafe) task-local storage API
* Concurrency
* An efficient new intertask communication primitive called the pipe,
along with a number of higher-level channel types, in `core::pipes`
* `std::arc`, an atomically reference counted, immutable, shared memory
type
* `std::sync`, various exotic synchronization tools based on arcs and pipes
* Futures are now based on pipes and sendable
* More robust linked task failure
* Improved task builder API
* Other
* Improved error reporting
* Preliminary JIT support
* Preliminary work on precise GC
* Extensive architectural improvements to rustc
* Begun a transition away from buggy C++-based reflection (shape) code to
Rust-based (visitor) code
* All hash functions and tables converted to secure, randomized SipHash
Version 0.3 (July 2012)
------------------------
* ~1900 changes, numerous bugfixes
* New coding conveniences
* Integer-literal suffix inference
* Per-item control over warnings, errors
* #[cfg(windows)] and #[cfg(unix)] attributes
* Documentation comments
* More compact closure syntax
* 'do' expressions for treating higher-order functions as
control structures
* *-patterns (wildcard extended to all constructor fields)
* Semantic cleanup
* Name resolution pass and exhaustiveness checker rewritten
* Region pointers and borrow checking supersede alias
analysis
* Init-ness checking is now provided by a region-based liveness
pass instead of the typestate pass; same for last-use analysis
* Extensive work on region pointers
* Experimental new language features
* Slices and fixed-size, interior-allocated vectors
* #!-comments for lang versioning, shell execution
* Destructors and iface implementation for classes;
type-parameterized classes and class methods
* 'const' type kind for types that can be used to implement
shared-memory concurrency patterns
* Type reflection
* Removal of various obsolete features
* Keywords: 'be', 'prove', 'syntax', 'note', 'mutable', 'bind',
'crust', 'native' (now 'extern'), 'cont' (now 'again')
* Constructs: do-while loops ('do' repurposed), fn binding,
resources (replaced by destructors)
* Compiler reorganization
* Syntax-layer of compiler split into separate crate
* Clang (from LLVM project) integrated into build
* Typechecker split into sub-modules
* New library code
* New time functions
* Extension methods for many built-in types
* Arc: atomic-refcount read-only / exclusive-use shared cells
* Par: parallel map and search routines
* Extensive work on libuv interface
* Much vector code moved to libraries
* Syntax extensions: #line, #col, #file, #mod, #stringify,
#include, #include_str, #include_bin
* Tool improvements
* Cargo automatically resolves dependencies
Version 0.2 (March 2012)
-------------------------
* >1500 changes, numerous bugfixes
* New docs and doc tooling
* New port: FreeBSD x86_64
* Compilation model enhancements
* Generics now specialized, multiply instantiated
* Functions now inlined across separate crates
* Scheduling, stack and threading fixes
* Noticeably improved message-passing performance
* Explicit schedulers
* Callbacks from C
* Helgrind clean
* Experimental new language features
* Operator overloading
* Region pointers
* Classes
* Various language extensions
* C-callback function types: 'crust fn ...'
* Infinite-loop construct: 'loop { ... }'
* Shorten 'mutable' to 'mut'
* Required mutable-local qualifier: 'let mut ...'
* Basic glob-exporting: 'export foo::*;'
* Alt now exhaustive, 'alt check' for runtime-checked
* Block-function form of 'for' loop, with 'break' and 'ret'.
* New library code
* AST quasi-quote syntax extension
* Revived libuv interface
* New modules: core::{future, iter}, std::arena
* Merged per-platform std::{os*, fs*} to core::{libc, os}
* Extensive cleanup, regularization in libstd, libcore
Version 0.1 (January 2012)
---------------------------
* Most language features work, including:
* Unique pointers, unique closures, move semantics
* Interface-constrained generics
* Static interface dispatch
* Stack growth
* Multithread task scheduling
* Typestate predicates
* Failure unwinding, destructors
* Pattern matching and destructuring assignment
* Lightweight block-lambda syntax
* Preliminary macro-by-example
* Compiler works with the following configurations:
* Linux: x86 and x86_64 hosts and targets
* MacOS: x86 and x86_64 hosts and targets
* Windows: x86 hosts and targets
* Cross compilation / multi-target configuration supported.
* Preliminary API-documentation and package-management tools included.
Known issues:
* Documentation is incomplete.
* Performance is below intended target.
* Standard library APIs are subject to extensive change, reorganization.
* Language-level versioning is not yet operational - future code will
break unexpectedly.