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We have previously always relied upon an external tool, `ar`, to modify archives that the compiler produces (staticlibs, rlibs, etc). This approach, however, has a number of downsides: * Spawning a process is relatively expensive for small compilations * Encoding arguments across process boundaries often incurs unnecessary overhead or lossiness. For example `ar` has a tough time dealing with files that have the same name in archives, and the compiler copies many files around to ensure they can be passed to `ar` in a reasonable fashion. * Most `ar` programs found do **not** have the ability to target arbitrary platforms, so this is an extra tool which needs to be found/specified when cross compiling. The LLVM project has had a tool called `llvm-ar` for quite some time now, but it wasn't available in the standard LLVM libraries (it was just a standalone program). Recently, however, in LLVM 3.7, this functionality has been moved to a library and is now accessible by consumers of LLVM via the `writeArchive` function. This commit migrates our archive bindings to no longer invoke `ar` by default but instead make a library call to LLVM to do various operations. This solves all of the downsides listed above: * Archive management is now much faster, for example creating a "hello world" staticlib is now 6x faster (50ms => 8ms). Linking dynamic libraries also recently started requiring modification of rlibs, and linking a hello world dynamic library is now 2x faster. * The compiler is now one step closer to "hassle free" cross compilation because no external tool is needed for managing archives, LLVM does the right thing! This commit does not remove support for calling a system `ar` utility currently. We will continue to maintain compatibility with LLVM 3.5 and 3.6 looking forward (so the system LLVM can be used wherever possible), and in these cases we must shell out to a system utility. All nightly builds of Rust, however, will stop needing a system `ar`. |
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| AUTHORS.txt | ||
| configure | ||
| CONTRIBUTING.md | ||
| COPYRIGHT | ||
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| RELEASES.md | ||
The Rust Programming Language
Rust is a fast systems programming language that guarantees memory safety and offers painless concurrency (no data races). It does not employ a garbage collector and has minimal runtime overhead.
This repo contains the code for the compiler (rustc), as well
as standard libraries, tools and documentation for Rust.
Quick Start
Read "Installing Rust" from The Book.
Building from Source
-
Make sure you have installed the dependencies:
g++4.7 orclang++3.xpython2.6 or later (but not 3.x)- GNU
make3.81 or later curlgit
-
Clone the source with
git:$ git clone https://github.com/rust-lang/rust.git $ cd rust
-
Build and install:
$ ./configure $ make && make installNote: You may need to use
sudo make installif you do not normally have permission to modify the destination directory. The install locations can be adjusted by passing a--prefixargument toconfigure. Various other options are also supported – pass--helpfor more information on them.When complete,
make installwill place several programs into/usr/local/bin:rustc, the Rust compiler, andrustdoc, the API-documentation tool. This install does not include Cargo, Rust's package manager, which you may also want to build.
Building on Windows
MSYS2 can be used to easily build Rust on Windows:
-
Grab the latest MSYS2 installer and go through the installer.
-
From the MSYS2 terminal, install the
mingw64toolchain and other required tools.# Choose one based on platform: $ pacman -S mingw-w64-i686-toolchain $ pacman -S mingw-w64-x86_64-toolchain $ pacman -S base-devel -
Run
mingw32_shell.batormingw64_shell.batfrom wherever you installed MSYS2 (i.e.C:\msys), depending on whether you want 32-bit or 64-bit Rust. -
Navigate to Rust's source code, configure and build it:
$ ./configure $ make && make install
Notes
Since the Rust compiler is written in Rust, it must be built by a precompiled "snapshot" version of itself (made in an earlier state of development). As such, source builds require a connection to the Internet, to fetch snapshots, and an OS that can execute the available snapshot binaries.
Snapshot binaries are currently built and tested on several platforms:
| Platform \ Architecture | x86 | x86_64 |
|---|---|---|
| Windows (7, 8, Server 2008 R2) | ✓ | ✓ |
| Linux (2.6.18 or later) | ✓ | ✓ |
| OSX (10.7 Lion or later) | ✓ | ✓ |
You may find that other platforms work, but these are our officially supported build environments that are most likely to work.
Rust currently needs about 1.5 GiB of RAM to build without swapping; if it hits swap, it will take a very long time to build.
There is more advice about hacking on Rust in CONTRIBUTING.md.
Getting Help
The Rust community congregates in a few places:
- Stack Overflow - Direct questions about using the language.
- users.rust-lang.org - General discussion and broader questions.
- /r/rust - News and general discussion.
Contributing
To contribute to Rust, please see CONTRIBUTING.
Rust has an IRC culture and most real-time collaboration happens in a variety of channels on Mozilla's IRC network, irc.mozilla.org. The most popular channel is #rust, a venue for general discussion about Rust, and a good place to ask for help.
License
Rust is primarily distributed under the terms of both the MIT license and the Apache License (Version 2.0), with portions covered by various BSD-like licenses.
See LICENSE-APACHE, LICENSE-MIT, and COPYRIGHT for details.