Errors in `DiagCtxtInner::emit_diagnostic` are never set to
`Level::Bug`, because the condition never succeeds, because
`self.treat_err_as_bug()` is called *before* the error counts are
incremented.
This commit switches to `self.treat_next_err_as_bug()`, fixing the
problem. This changes the error message output to actually say "internal
compiler error".
This test is supposed to ensure that full backtraces are used for ICEs.
But it doesn't actually do that -- the filtering done cannot distinguish
between a full backtrace versus a short backtrace.
So this commit changes the filtering to preserve the existence of
`__rust_{begin,end}_short_backtrace` markers, which only appear in full
backtraces. This change means the test now tests what it is supposed to
test.
Also, the existing filtering included a rule that excluded any line
starting with two spaces. This was too strong because it filtered out
some parts of the error message. (This was not a showstopper). It was
also not strong enough because it didn't work with three digit stack
frame numbers, which just started seeing after upgrading my Ubuntu
distro to 23.04 machine (this *was* a showstopper).
So the commit replaces that rule with two more precise rules, one for
lines with stack frame numbers, and one for "at ..." lines.
