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rollup merge of #23959: aturon/beta-relnotes

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RELEASES.md
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Version 1.0.0-beta (April 2015)
-------------------------------------
* ~1100 changes, numerous bugfixes
* Highlights
* The big news is that the vast majority of the standard library
is now `#[stable]` -- 75% of the non-deprecated API surface at
last count. Numerous crates are now running on stable
Rust. Starting with this release, it is not possible to use
unstable features on a stable build.
* Arithmetic on basic integer types now
[checks for overflow in debug builds][overflow].
* Language
* [`Send` no longer implies `'static`][send-rfc], which made
possible the [`thread::scoped` API][scoped]. Scoped threads can
borrow data from their parent's stack frame -- safely!
* [UFCS now supports trait-less associated paths][moar-ufcs] like
`MyType::default()`.
* Primitive types [now have inherent methods][prim-inherent],
obviating the need for extension traits like `SliceExt`.
* Methods with `Self: Sized` in their `where` clause are
[considered object-safe][self-sized], allowing many extension
traits like `IteratorExt` to be merged into the traits they
extended.
* You can now [refer to associated types][assoc-where] whose
corresponding trait bounds appear only in a `where` clause.
* The final bits of [OIBIT landed][oibit-final], meaning that
traits like `Send` and `Sync` are now library-defined.
* A [Reflect trait][reflect] was introduced, which means that
downcasting via the `Any` trait is effectively limited to
concrete types. This helps retain the potentially-important
"parametricity" property: generic code cannot behave differently
for different type arguments.
* The `unsafe_destructor` feature is now deprecated in favor of
the [new `dropck`][dropck]. This change is a major reduction in
unsafe code.
* Trait coherence was [revised again][fundamental], this time with
an eye toward API evolution over time.
* Libraries
* The new path and IO modules are complete and `#[stable]`. This
was the major library focus for this cycle.
* The path API was [revised][path-normalize] to normalize `.`,
adjusting the tradeoffs in favor of the most common usage.
* A large number of remaining APIs in `std` were also stabilized
during this cycle; about 75% of the non-deprecated API surface
is now stable.
* The new [string pattern API][string-pattern] landed, which makes
the string slice API much more internally consistent and flexible.
* A shiny [framework for Debug implementations][debug-builder] landed.
This makes it possible to opt in to "pretty-printed" debugging output.
* A new set of [generic conversion traits][conversion] replaced
many existing ad hoc traits.
* Generic numeric traits were
[completely removed][num-traits]. This was made possible thanks
to inherent methods for primitive types, and the removal gives
maximal flexibility for designing a numeric hierarchy in the future.
* The `Fn` traits are now related via [inheritance][fn-inherit]
and provide ergonomic [blanket implementations][fn-blanket].
* The `Index` and `IndexMut` traits were changed to
[take the index by value][index-value], enabling code like
`hash_map["string"]` to work.
* `Copy` now [inherits][copy-clone] from `Clone`, meaning that all
`Copy` data is known to be `Clone` as well.
* Infrastructure
* Metadata was tuned, shrinking binaries [by 27%][metadata-shrink].
* Much headway was made on ecosystem-wide CI, making it possible
to [compare builds for breakage][ci-compare].
[send-rfc]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0458-send-improvements.md
[scoped]: http://static.rust-lang.org/doc/master/std/thread/fn.scoped.html
[moar-ufcs]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/22172
[prim-inherent]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/23104
[overflow]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/22532
[metadata-shrink]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/22971
[self-sized]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/22301
[assoc-where]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/22512
[string-pattern]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/22466
[oibit-final]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/21689
[reflect]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/23712
[debug-builder]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0640-debug-improvements.md
[conversion]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/529
[num-traits]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/23549
[index-value]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/23601
[dropck]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/769
[fundamental]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/1023
[ci-compare]: https://gist.github.com/brson/a30a77836fbec057cbee
[fn-inherit]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/23282
[fn-blanket]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/23895
[copy-clone]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/23860
[path-normalize]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/23229
Version 1.0.0-alpha.2 (February 2015)
-------------------------------------