add test for coercing never to infinite type

tests/ui/sized/recursive-type-coercion-from-never.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// build-fail
+//~^ ERROR cycle detected when computing layout of `Foo<()>`
+
+// Regression test for a stack overflow: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/113197
+
+trait A { type Assoc; }
+
+impl A for () {
+    type Assoc = Foo<()>;
+}
+
+struct Foo<T: A>(T::Assoc);
+
+fn main() {
+    Foo::<()>(todo!());
+}

tests/ui/sized/recursive-type-coercion-from-never.stderr

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+error[E0391]: cycle detected when computing layout of `Foo<()>`
+   |
+   = note: ...which requires computing layout of `<() as A>::Assoc`...
+   = note: ...which again requires computing layout of `Foo<()>`, completing the cycle
+note: cycle used when elaborating drops for `main`
+  --> $DIR/recursive-type-coercion-from-never.rs:14:1
+   |
+LL | fn main() {
+   | ^^^^^^^^^
+   = note: see https://rustc-dev-guide.rust-lang.org/overview.html#queries and https://rustc-dev-guide.rust-lang.org/query.html for more information
+
+error: aborting due to 1 previous error
+
+For more information about this error, try `rustc --explain E0391`.