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https://github.com/golang/go
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![Brad Fitzpatrick](/assets/img/avatar_default.png)
Fixes #19244 Change-Id: Ia6332941b229c83d6fd082af49f31003a66b90db Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/37388 Reviewed-by: Robert Griesemer <gri@golang.org>
1667 lines
58 KiB
HTML
1667 lines
58 KiB
HTML
<!--{
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"Title": "Go 1.8 Release Notes",
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"Path": "/doc/go1.8",
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"Template": true
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}-->
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<!--
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NOTE: In this document and others in this directory, the convention is to
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set fixed-width phrases with non-fixed-width spaces, as in
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<code>hello</code> <code>world</code>.
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Do not send CLs removing the interior tags from such phrases.
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-->
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<style>
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ul li { margin: 0.5em 0; }
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</style>
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<h2 id="introduction">Introduction to Go 1.8</h2>
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<p>
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The latest Go release, version 1.8, arrives six months after <a href="go1.7">Go 1.7</a>.
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Most of its changes are in the implementation of the toolchain, runtime, and libraries.
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There are <a href="#language">two minor changes</a> to the language specification.
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As always, the release maintains the Go 1 <a href="/doc/go1compat.html">promise of compatibility</a>.
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We expect almost all Go programs to continue to compile and run as before.
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</p>
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<p>
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The release <a href="#ports">adds support for 32-bit MIPS</a>,
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<a href="#compiler">updates the compiler back end</a> to generate more efficient code,
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<a href="#gc">reduces GC pauses</a> by eliminating stop-the-world stack rescanning,
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<a href="#h2push">adds HTTP/2 Push support</a>,
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<a href="#http_shutdown">adds HTTP graceful shutdown</a>,
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<a href="#more_context">adds more context support</a>,
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<a href="#mutex_prof">enables profiling mutexes</a>,
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and <a href="#sort_slice">simplifies sorting slices</a>.
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</p>
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<h2 id="language">Changes to the language</h2>
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<p>
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When explicitly converting a value from one struct type to another,
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as of Go 1.8 the tags are ignored. Thus two structs that differ
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only in their tags may be converted from one to the other:
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</p>
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<pre>
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func example() {
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type T1 struct {
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X int `json:"foo"`
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}
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type T2 struct {
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X int `json:"bar"`
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}
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var v1 T1
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var v2 T2
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v1 = T1(v2) // now legal
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}
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</pre>
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<p> <!-- CL 17711 -->
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The language specification now only requires that implementations
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support up to 16-bit exponents in floating-point constants. This does not affect
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either the “<a href="/cmd/compile/"><code>gc</code></a>” or
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<code>gccgo</code> compilers, both of
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which still support 32-bit exponents.
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</p>
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<h2 id="ports">Ports</h2>
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<p>
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Go now supports 32-bit MIPS on Linux for both big-endian
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(<code>linux/mips</code>) and little-endian machines
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(<code>linux/mipsle</code>) that implement the MIPS32r1 instruction set with FPU
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or kernel FPU emulation. Note that many common MIPS-based routers lack an FPU and
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have firmware that doesn't enable kernel FPU emulation; Go won't run on such machines.
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</p>
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<p>
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On DragonFly BSD, Go now requires DragonFly 4.4.4 or later. <!-- CL 29491, CL 29971 -->
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</p>
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<p>
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On OpenBSD, Go now requires OpenBSD 5.9 or later. <!-- CL 34093 -->
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</p>
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<p>
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The Plan 9 port's networking support is now much more complete
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and matches the behavior of Unix and Windows with respect to deadlines
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and cancelation. For Plan 9 kernel requirements, see the
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<a href="https://golang.org/wiki/Plan9">Plan 9 wiki page</a>.
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</p>
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<p>
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Go 1.8 now only supports OS X 10.8 or later. This is likely the last
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Go release to support 10.8. Compiling Go or running
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binaries on older OS X versions is untested.
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</p>
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<p>
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Go 1.8 will be the last release to support Linux on ARMv5E and ARMv6 processors:
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Go 1.9 will likely require the ARMv6K (as found in the Raspberry Pi 1) or later.
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To identify whether a Linux system is ARMv6K or later, run
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“<code>go</code> <code>tool</code> <code>dist</code> <code>-check-armv6k</code>”
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(to facilitate testing, it is also possible to just copy the <code>dist</code> command to the
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system without installing a full copy of Go 1.8)
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and if the program terminates with output "ARMv6K supported." then the system
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implements ARMv6K or later.
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Go on non-Linux ARM systems already requires ARMv6K or later.
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</p>
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<h3 id="known_issues">Known Issues</h3>
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<p>
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There are some instabilities on FreeBSD and NetBSD that are known but not understood.
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These can lead to program crashes in rare cases.
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See
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<a href="https://golang.org/issue/15658">issue 15658</a> and
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<a href="https://golang.org/issue/16511">issue 16511</a>.
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Any help in solving these issues would be appreciated.
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</p>
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<h2 id="tools">Tools</h2>
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<h3 id="cmd_asm">Assembler</h3>
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<p>
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For 64-bit x86 systems, the following instructions have been added:
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<code>VBROADCASTSD</code>,
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<code>BROADCASTSS</code>,
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<code>MOVDDUP</code>,
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<code>MOVSHDUP</code>,
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<code>MOVSLDUP</code>,
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<code>VMOVDDUP</code>,
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<code>VMOVSHDUP</code>, and
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<code>VMOVSLDUP</code>.
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</p>
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<p>
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For 64-bit PPC systems, the common vector scalar instructions have been
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added:
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<code>LXS</code>,
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<code>LXSDX</code>,
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<code>LXSI</code>,
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<code>LXSIWAX</code>,
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<code>LXSIWZX</code>,
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<code>LXV</code>,
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<code>LXVD2X</code>,
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<code>LXVDSX</code>,
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<code>LXVW4X</code>,
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<code>MFVSR</code>,
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<code>MFVSRD</code>,
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<code>MFVSRWZ</code>,
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<code>MTVSR</code>,
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<code>MTVSRD</code>,
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<code>MTVSRWA</code>,
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<code>MTVSRWZ</code>,
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<code>STXS</code>,
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<code>STXSDX</code>,
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<code>STXSI</code>,
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<code>STXSIWX</code>,
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<code>STXV</code>,
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<code>STXVD2X</code>,
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<code>STXVW4X</code>,
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<code>XSCV</code>,
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<code>XSCVDPSP</code>,
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<code>XSCVDPSPN</code>,
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<code>XSCVDPSXDS</code>,
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<code>XSCVDPSXWS</code>,
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<code>XSCVDPUXDS</code>,
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<code>XSCVDPUXWS</code>,
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<code>XSCVSPDP</code>,
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<code>XSCVSPDPN</code>,
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<code>XSCVSXDDP</code>,
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<code>XSCVSXDSP</code>,
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<code>XSCVUXDDP</code>,
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<code>XSCVUXDSP</code>,
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<code>XSCVX</code>,
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<code>XSCVXP</code>,
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<code>XVCV</code>,
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<code>XVCVDPSP</code>,
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<code>XVCVDPSXDS</code>,
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<code>XVCVDPSXWS</code>,
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<code>XVCVDPUXDS</code>,
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<code>XVCVDPUXWS</code>,
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<code>XVCVSPDP</code>,
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<code>XVCVSPSXDS</code>,
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<code>XVCVSPSXWS</code>,
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<code>XVCVSPUXDS</code>,
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<code>XVCVSPUXWS</code>,
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<code>XVCVSXDDP</code>,
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<code>XVCVSXDSP</code>,
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<code>XVCVSXWDP</code>,
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<code>XVCVSXWSP</code>,
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<code>XVCVUXDDP</code>,
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<code>XVCVUXDSP</code>,
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<code>XVCVUXWDP</code>,
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<code>XVCVUXWSP</code>,
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<code>XVCVX</code>,
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<code>XVCVXP</code>,
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<code>XXLAND</code>,
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<code>XXLANDC</code>,
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<code>XXLANDQ</code>,
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<code>XXLEQV</code>,
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<code>XXLNAND</code>,
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<code>XXLNOR</code>,
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<code>XXLOR</code>,
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<code>XXLORC</code>,
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<code>XXLORQ</code>,
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<code>XXLXOR</code>,
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<code>XXMRG</code>,
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<code>XXMRGHW</code>,
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<code>XXMRGLW</code>,
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<code>XXPERM</code>,
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<code>XXPERMDI</code>,
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<code>XXSEL</code>,
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<code>XXSI</code>,
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<code>XXSLDWI</code>,
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<code>XXSPLT</code>, and
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<code>XXSPLTW</code>.
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</p>
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<h3 id="tool_yacc">Yacc</h3>
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<p> <!-- CL 27324, CL 27325 -->
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The <code>yacc</code> tool (previously available by running
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“<code>go</code> <code>tool</code> <code>yacc</code>”) has been removed.
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As of Go 1.7 it was no longer used by the Go compiler.
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It has moved to the “tools” repository and is now available at
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<code><a href="https://godoc.org/golang.org/x/tools/cmd/goyacc">golang.org/x/tools/cmd/goyacc</a></code>.
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</p>
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<h3 id="tool_fix">Fix</h3>
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<p> <!-- CL 28872 -->
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The <code>fix</code> tool has a new “<code>context</code>”
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fix to change imports from “<code>golang.org/x/net/context</code>”
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to “<a href="/pkg/context/"><code>context</code></a>”.
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</p>
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<h3 id="tool_pprof">Pprof</h3>
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<p> <!-- CL 33157 -->
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The <code>pprof</code> tool can now profile TLS servers
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and skip certificate validation by using the “<code>https+insecure</code>”
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URL scheme.
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</p>
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<p> <!-- CL 23781 -->
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The callgrind output now has instruction-level granularity.
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</p>
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<h3 id="tool_trace">Trace</h3>
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<p> <!-- CL 23324 -->
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The <code>trace</code> tool has a new <code>-pprof</code> flag for
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producing pprof-compatible blocking and latency profiles from an
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execution trace.
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</p>
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<p> <!-- CL 30017, CL 30702 -->
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Garbage collection events are now shown more clearly in the
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execution trace viewer. Garbage collection activity is shown on its
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own row and GC helper goroutines are annotated with their roles.
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</p>
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<h3 id="tool_vet">Vet</h3>
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<p>Vet is stricter in some ways and looser where it
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previously caused false positives.</p>
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<p>Vet now checks for copying an array of locks,
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duplicate JSON and XML struct field tags,
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non-space-separated struct tags,
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deferred calls to HTTP <code>Response.Body.Close</code>
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before checking errors, and
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indexed arguments in <code>Printf</code>.
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It also improves existing checks.</p>
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</p>
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<h3 id="compiler">Compiler Toolchain</h3>
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<p>
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Go 1.7 introduced a new compiler back end for 64-bit x86 systems.
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In Go 1.8, that back end has been developed further and is now used for
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all architectures.
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</p>
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<p>
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The new back end, based on
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<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Static_single_assignment_form">static single assignment form</a> (SSA),
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generates more compact, more efficient code
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and provides a better platform for optimizations
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such as bounds check elimination.
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The new back end reduces the CPU time required by
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<a href="https://golang.org/test/bench/go1/">our benchmark programs</a> by 20-30%
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on 32-bit ARM systems. For 64-bit x86 systems, which already used the SSA back end in
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Go 1.7, the gains are a more modest 0-10%. Other architectures will likely
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see improvements closer to the 32-bit ARM numbers.
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</p>
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<p>
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The temporary <code>-ssa=0</code> compiler flag introduced in Go 1.7
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to disable the new back end has been removed in Go 1.8.
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</p>
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<p>
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In addition to enabling the new compiler back end for all systems,
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Go 1.8 also introduces a new compiler front end. The new compiler
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front end should not be noticeable to users but is the foundation for
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future performance work.
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</p>
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<p>
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The compiler and linker have been optimized and run faster in this
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release than in Go 1.7, although they are still slower than we would
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like and will continue to be optimized in future releases.
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Compared to the previous release, Go 1.8 is
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<a href="https://dave.cheney.net/2016/11/19/go-1-8-toolchain-improvements">about 15% faster</a>.
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</p>
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<h3 id="cmd_cgo">Cgo</h3>
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<p> <!-- CL 31141 -->
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The Go tool now remembers the value of the <code>CGO_ENABLED</code> environment
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variable set during <code>make.bash</code> and applies it to all future compilations
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by default to fix issue <a href="https://golang.org/issue/12808">#12808</a>.
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When doing native compilation, it is rarely necessary to explicitly set
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the <code>CGO_ENABLED</code> environment variable as <code>make.bash</code>
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will detect the correct setting automatically. The main reason to explicitly
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set the <code>CGO_ENABLED</code> environment variable is when your environment
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supports cgo, but you explicitly do not want cgo support, in which case, set
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<code>CGO_ENABLED=0</code> during <code>make.bash</code> or <code>all.bash</code>.
|
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</p>
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<p> <!-- CL 29991 -->
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The environment variable <code>PKG_CONFIG</code> may now be used to
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set the program to run to handle <code>#cgo</code> <code>pkg-config</code>
|
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directives. The default is <code>pkg-config</code>, the program
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always used by earlier releases. This is intended to make it easier
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to cross-compile
|
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<a href="/cmd/cgo/">cgo</a> code.
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</p>
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<p> <!-- CL 32354 -->
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The <a href="/cmd/cgo/">cgo</a> tool now supports a <code>-srcdir</code>
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option, which is used by the <a href="/cmd/go/">go</a> command.
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</p>
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<p> <!-- CL 31768, 31811 -->
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If <a href="/cmd/cgo/">cgo</a> code calls <code>C.malloc</code>, and
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<code>malloc</code> returns <code>NULL</code>, the program will now
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crash with an out of memory error.
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<code>C.malloc</code> will never return <code>nil</code>.
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Unlike most C functions, <code>C.malloc</code> may not be used in a
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two-result form returning an errno value.
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</p>
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<p> <!-- CL 33237 -->
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If <a href="/cmd/cgo/">cgo</a> is used to call a C function passing a
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pointer to a C union, and if the C union can contain any pointer
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values, and if <a href="/cmd/cgo/#hdr-Passing_pointers">cgo pointer
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checking</a> is enabled (as it is by default), the union value is now
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checked for Go pointers.
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</p>
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<h3 id="gccgo">Gccgo</h3>
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<p>
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Due to the alignment of Go's semiannual release schedule with GCC's
|
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annual release schedule,
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GCC release 6 contains the Go 1.6.1 version of gccgo.
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We expect that the next release, GCC 7, will contain the Go 1.8
|
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version of gccgo.
|
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</p>
|
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|
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<h3 id="gopath">Default GOPATH</h3>
|
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|
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<p>
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The
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<a href="/cmd/go/#hdr-GOPATH_environment_variable"><code>GOPATH</code>
|
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environment variable</a> now has a default value if it
|
|
is unset. It defaults to
|
|
<code>$HOME/go</code> on Unix and
|
|
<code>%USERPROFILE%/go</code> on Windows.
|
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</p>
|
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|
|
<h3 id="go_get">Go get</h3>
|
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|
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<p> <!-- CL 34818 -->
|
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The “<code>go</code> <code>get</code>” command now always respects
|
|
HTTP proxy environment variables, regardless of whether
|
|
the <code style='white-space:nowrap'>-insecure</code> flag is used. In previous releases, the
|
|
<code style='white-space:nowrap'>-insecure</code> flag had the side effect of not using proxies.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<h3 id="go_bug">Go bug</h3>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
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The new
|
|
“<a href="/cmd/go/#hdr-Print_information_for_bug_reports"><code>go</code> <code>bug</code></a>”
|
|
command starts a bug report on GitHub, prefilled
|
|
with information about the current system.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<h3 id="cmd_doc">Go doc</h3>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 25419 -->
|
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The
|
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“<a href="/cmd/go/#hdr-Show_documentation_for_package_or_symbol"><code>go</code> <code>doc</code></a>”
|
|
command now groups constants and variables with their type,
|
|
following the behavior of
|
|
<a href="/cmd/godoc/"><code>godoc</code></a>.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 25420 -->
|
|
In order to improve the readability of <code>doc</code>'s
|
|
output, each summary of the first-level items is guaranteed to
|
|
occupy a single line.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 31852 -->
|
|
Documentation for a specific method in an interface definition can
|
|
now be requested, as in
|
|
“<code>go</code> <code>doc</code> <code>net.Conn.SetDeadline</code>”.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<h3 id="plugin">Plugins</h3>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
Go now provides early support for plugins with a “<code>plugin</code>”
|
|
build mode for generating plugins written in Go, and a
|
|
new <a href="/pkg/plugin/"><code>plugin</code></a> package for
|
|
loading such plugins at run time. Plugin support is currently only
|
|
available on Linux. Please report any issues.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<h2 id="runtime">Runtime</h2>
|
|
|
|
<h3 id="liveness">Argument Liveness</h3>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
<!-- Issue 15843 --> The garbage collector no longer considers
|
|
arguments live throughout the entirety of a function. For more
|
|
information, and for how to force a variable to remain live, see
|
|
the <a href="/pkg/runtime/#KeepAlive"><code>runtime.KeepAlive</code></a>
|
|
function added in Go 1.7.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Updating:</i>
|
|
Code that sets a finalizer on an allocated object may need to add
|
|
calls to <code>runtime.KeepAlive</code> in functions or methods
|
|
using that object.
|
|
Read the
|
|
<a href="/pkg/runtime/#KeepAlive"><code>KeepAlive</code>
|
|
documentation</a> and its example for more details.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<h3 id="mapiter">Concurrent Map Misuse</h3>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
In Go 1.6, the runtime
|
|
<a href="/doc/go1.6#runtime">added lightweight,
|
|
best-effort detection of concurrent misuse of maps</a>. This release
|
|
improves that detector with support for detecting programs that
|
|
concurrently write to and iterate over a map.
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
As always, if one goroutine is writing to a map, no other goroutine should be
|
|
reading (which includes iterating) or writing the map concurrently.
|
|
If the runtime detects this condition, it prints a diagnosis and crashes the program.
|
|
The best way to find out more about the problem is to run the program
|
|
under the
|
|
<a href="https://blog.golang.org/race-detector">race detector</a>,
|
|
which will more reliably identify the race
|
|
and give more detail.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<h3 id="memstats">MemStats Documentation</h3>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 28972 -->
|
|
The <a href="/pkg/runtime/#MemStats"><code>runtime.MemStats</code></a>
|
|
type has been more thoroughly documented.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<h2 id="performance">Performance</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
As always, the changes are so general and varied that precise statements
|
|
about performance are difficult to make.
|
|
Most programs should run a bit faster,
|
|
due to speedups in the garbage collector and
|
|
optimizations in the standard library.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
There have been optimizations to implementations in the
|
|
<a href="/pkg/bytes/"><code>bytes</code></a>,
|
|
<a href="/pkg/crypto/aes/"><code>crypto/aes</code></a>,
|
|
<a href="/pkg/crypto/cipher/"><code>crypto/cipher</code></a>,
|
|
<a href="/pkg/crypto/elliptic/"><code>crypto/elliptic</code></a>,
|
|
<a href="/pkg/crypto/sha256/"><code>crypto/sha256</code></a>,
|
|
<a href="/pkg/crypto/sha512/"><code>crypto/sha512</code></a>,
|
|
<a href="/pkg/encoding/asn1/"><code>encoding/asn1</code></a>,
|
|
<a href="/pkg/encoding/csv/"><code>encoding/csv</code></a>,
|
|
<a href="/pkg/encoding/hex/"><code>encoding/hex</code></a>,
|
|
<a href="/pkg/encoding/json/"><code>encoding/json</code></a>,
|
|
<a href="/pkg/hash/crc32/"><code>hash/crc32</code></a>,
|
|
<a href="/pkg/image/color/"><code>image/color</code></a>,
|
|
<a href="/pkg/image/draw/"><code>image/draw</code></a>,
|
|
<a href="/pkg/math/"><code>math</code></a>,
|
|
<a href="/pkg/math/big/"><code>math/big</code></a>,
|
|
<a href="/pkg/reflect/"><code>reflect</code></a>,
|
|
<a href="/pkg/regexp/"><code>regexp</code></a>,
|
|
<a href="/pkg/runtime/"><code>runtime</code></a>,
|
|
<a href="/pkg/strconv/"><code>strconv</code></a>,
|
|
<a href="/pkg/strings/"><code>strings</code></a>,
|
|
<a href="/pkg/syscall/"><code>syscall</code></a>,
|
|
<a href="/pkg/text/template/"><code>text/template</code></a>, and
|
|
<a href="/pkg/unicode/utf8/"><code>unicode/utf8</code></a>
|
|
packages.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<h3 id="gc">Garbage Collector</h3>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
Garbage collection pauses should be significantly shorter than they
|
|
were in Go 1.7, usually under 100 microseconds and often as low as
|
|
10 microseconds.
|
|
See the
|
|
<a href="https://github.com/golang/proposal/blob/master/design/17503-eliminate-rescan.md"
|
|
>document on eliminating stop-the-world stack re-scanning</a>
|
|
for details. More work remains for Go 1.9.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<h3 id="defer">Defer</h3>
|
|
|
|
<!-- CL 29656, CL 29656 -->
|
|
<p>
|
|
The overhead of <a href="/ref/spec/#Defer_statements">deferred
|
|
function calls</a> has been reduced by about half.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<h3 id="cgoperf">Cgo</h3>
|
|
|
|
<p>The overhead of calls from Go into C has been reduced by about half.</p>
|
|
|
|
<h2 id="library">Standard library</h2>
|
|
|
|
<h3 id="examples">Examples</h3>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
Examples have been added to the documentation across many packages.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<h3 id="sort_slice">Sort</h3>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
The <a href="/pkg/sort/">sort</a> package
|
|
now includes a convenience function
|
|
<a href="/pkg/sort/#Slice"><code>Slice</code></a> to sort a
|
|
slice given a <em>less</em> function.
|
|
|
|
In many cases this means that writing a new sorter type is not
|
|
necessary.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
Also new are
|
|
<a href="/pkg/sort/#SliceStable"><code>SliceStable</code></a> and
|
|
<a href="/pkg/sort/#SliceIsSorted"><code>SliceIsSorted</code></a>.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<h3 id="h2push">HTTP/2 Push</h3>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
The <a href="/pkg/net/http/">net/http</a> package now includes a
|
|
mechanism to
|
|
send HTTP/2 server pushes from a
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/http/#Handler"><code>Handler</code></a>.
|
|
Similar to the existing <code>Flusher</code> and <code>Hijacker</code>
|
|
interfaces, an HTTP/2
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/http/#ResponseWriter"><code>ResponseWriter</code></a>
|
|
now implements the new
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/http/#Pusher"><code>Pusher</code></a> interface.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<h3 id="http_shutdown">HTTP Server Graceful Shutdown</h3>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 32329 -->
|
|
The HTTP Server now has support for graceful shutdown using the new
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/http/#Server.Shutdown"><code>Server.Shutdown</code></a>
|
|
method and abrupt shutdown using the new
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/http/#Server.Close"><code>Server.Close</code></a>
|
|
method.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<h3 id="more_context">More Context Support</h3>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
Continuing <a href="/doc/go1.7#context">Go 1.7's adoption</a>
|
|
of <a href="/pkg/context/#Context"><code>context.Context</code></a>
|
|
into the standard library, Go 1.8 adds more context support
|
|
to existing packages:
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>The new <a href="/pkg/net/http/#Server.Shutdown"><code>Server.Shutdown</code></a>
|
|
takes a context argument.</li>
|
|
<li>There have been <a href="#database_sql">significant additions</a> to the
|
|
<a href="/pkg/database/sql/">database/sql</a> package with context support.</li>
|
|
<li>All nine of the new <code>Lookup</code> methods on the new
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/#Resolver"><code>net.Resolver</code></a> now
|
|
take a context.</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
<h3 id="mutex_prof">Mutex Contention Profiling</h3>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
The runtime and tools now support profiling contended mutexes.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
Most users will want to use the new <code>-mutexprofile</code>
|
|
flag with “<a href="/cmd/go/#hdr-Description_of_testing_flags"><code>go</code> <code>test</code></a>”,
|
|
and then use <a href="/cmd/pprof/">pprof</a> on the resultant file.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
Lower-level support is also available via the new
|
|
<a href="/pkg/runtime/#MutexProfile"><code>MutexProfile</code></a>
|
|
and
|
|
<a href="/pkg/runtime/#SetMutexProfileFraction"><code>SetMutexProfileFraction</code></a>.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
A known limitation for Go 1.8 is that the profile only reports contention for
|
|
<a href="/pkg/sync/#Mutex"><code>sync.Mutex</code></a>,
|
|
not
|
|
<a href="/pkg/sync/#RWMutex"><code>sync.RWMutex</code></a>.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<h3 id="minor_library_changes">Minor changes to the library</h3>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
As always, there are various minor changes and updates to the library,
|
|
made with the Go 1 <a href="/doc/go1compat">promise of compatibility</a>
|
|
in mind. The following sections list the user visible changes and additions.
|
|
Optimizations and minor bug fixes are not listed.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="archive_tar"><dt><a href="/pkg/archive/tar/">archive/tar</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 28471, CL 31440, CL 31441, CL 31444, CL 28418, CL 31439 -->
|
|
The tar implementation corrects many bugs in corner cases of the file format.
|
|
The <a href="/pkg/archive/tar/#Reader"><code>Reader</code></a>
|
|
is now able to process tar files in the PAX format with entries larger than 8GB.
|
|
The <a href="/pkg/archive/tar/#Writer"><code>Writer</code></a>
|
|
no longer produces invalid tar files in some situations involving long pathnames.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="compress_flate"><dt><a href="/pkg/compress/flate/">compress/flate</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 31640, CL 31174, CL 32149 -->
|
|
There have been some minor fixes to the encoder to improve the
|
|
compression ratio in certain situations. As a result, the exact
|
|
encoded output of <code>DEFLATE</code> may be different from Go 1.7. Since
|
|
<code>DEFLATE</code> is the underlying compression of gzip, png, zlib, and zip,
|
|
those formats may have changed outputs.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 31174 -->
|
|
The encoder, when operating in
|
|
<a href="/pkg/compress/flate/#NoCompression"><code>NoCompression</code></a>
|
|
mode, now produces a consistent output that is not dependent on
|
|
the size of the slices passed to the
|
|
<a href="/pkg/compress/flate/#Writer.Write"><code>Write</code></a>
|
|
method.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 28216 -->
|
|
The decoder, upon encountering an error, now returns any
|
|
buffered data it had uncompressed along with the error.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dl id="compress_gzip"><dt><a href="/pkg/compress/gzip/">compress/gzip</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
The <a href="/pkg/compress/gzip/#Writer"><code>Writer</code></a>
|
|
now encodes a zero <code>MTIME</code> field when
|
|
the <a href="/pkg/compress/gzip/#Header"><code>Header.ModTime</code></a>
|
|
field is the zero value.
|
|
|
|
In previous releases of Go, the <code>Writer</code> would encode
|
|
a nonsensical value.
|
|
|
|
Similarly,
|
|
the <a href="/pkg/compress/gzip/#Reader"><code>Reader</code></a>
|
|
now reports a zero encoded <code>MTIME</code> field as a zero
|
|
<code>Header.ModTime</code>.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="context"><dt><a href="/pkg/context/">context</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 30370 -->
|
|
The <a href="/pkg/context#DeadlineExceeded"><code>DeadlineExceeded</code></a>
|
|
error now implements
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/#Error"><code>net.Error</code></a>
|
|
and reports true for both the <code>Timeout</code> and
|
|
<code>Temporary</code> methods.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="crypto_tls"><dt><a href="/pkg/crypto/tls/">crypto/tls</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 25159, CL 31318 -->
|
|
The new method
|
|
<a href="/pkg/crypto/tls/#Conn.CloseWrite"><code>Conn.CloseWrite</code></a>
|
|
allows TLS connections to be half closed.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 28075 -->
|
|
The new method
|
|
<a href="/pkg/crypto/tls/#Config.Clone"><code>Config.Clone</code></a>
|
|
clones a TLS configuration.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
<!-- CL 30790 -->
|
|
The new <a href="/pkg/crypto/tls/#Config.GetConfigForClient"><code>Config.GetConfigForClient</code></a>
|
|
callback allows selecting a configuration for a client dynamically, based
|
|
on the client's
|
|
<a href="/pkg/crypto/tls/#ClientHelloInfo"><code>ClientHelloInfo</code></a>.
|
|
|
|
<!-- CL 31391, CL 32119 -->
|
|
The <a href="/pkg/crypto/tls/#ClientHelloInfo"><code>ClientHelloInfo</code></a>
|
|
struct now has new
|
|
fields <code>Conn</code>, <code>SignatureSchemes</code> (using
|
|
the new
|
|
type <a href="/kg/crypto/tls/#SignatureScheme"><code>SignatureScheme</code></a>),
|
|
<code>SupportedProtos</code>, and <code>SupportedVersions</code>.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 32115 -->
|
|
The new <a href="/pkg/crypto/tls/#Config.GetClientCertificate"><code>Config.GetClientCertificate</code></a>
|
|
callback allows selecting a client certificate based on the server's
|
|
TLS <code>CertificateRequest</code> message, represented by the new
|
|
<a href="/pkg/crypto/tls/#CertificateRequestInfo"><code>CertificateRequestInfo</code></a>.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 27434 -->
|
|
The new
|
|
<a href="/pkg/crypto/tls/#Config.KeyLogWriter"><code>Config.KeyLogWriter</code></a>
|
|
allows debugging TLS connections
|
|
in <a href="https://www.wireshark.org/">WireShark</a> and
|
|
similar tools.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 32115 -->
|
|
The new
|
|
<a href="/pkg/crypto/tls/#Config.VerifyPeerCertificate"><code>Config.VerifyPeerCertificate</code></a>
|
|
callback allows additional validation of a peer's presented certificate.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 18130 -->
|
|
The <code>crypto/tls</code> package now implements basic
|
|
countermeasures against CBC padding oracles. There should be
|
|
no explicit secret-dependent timings, but it does not attempt to
|
|
normalize memory accesses to prevent cache timing leaks.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
The <code>crypto/tls</code> package now supports
|
|
X25519 and <!-- CL 30824, CL 30825 -->
|
|
ChaCha20-Poly1305. <!-- CL 30957, CL 30958 -->
|
|
ChaCha20-Poly1305 is now prioritized unless <!-- CL 32871 -->
|
|
hardware support for AES-GCM is present.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 27315, CL 35290 -->
|
|
AES-128-CBC cipher suites with SHA-256 are also
|
|
now supported, but disabled by default.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="crypto_x509"><dt><a href="/pkg/crypto/x509/">crypto/x509</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 24743 -->
|
|
PSS signatures are now supported.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 32644 -->
|
|
<a href="/pkg/crypto/x509/#UnknownAuthorityError"><code>UnknownAuthorityError</code></a>
|
|
now has a <code>Cert</code> field, reporting the untrusted
|
|
certificate.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
Certificate validation is more permissive in a few cases and
|
|
stricter in a few other cases.
|
|
<!--
|
|
crypto/x509: allow a leaf certificate to be specified directly as root (CL 27393)
|
|
crypto/x509: check that the issuer name matches the issuer's subject name (CL 23571)
|
|
crypto/x509: don't accept a root that already appears in a chain. (CL 32121)
|
|
crypto/x509: fix name constraints handling (CL 30155)
|
|
crypto/x509: parse all names in an RDN (CL 30810)
|
|
crypto/x509: recognise ISO OID for RSA+SHA1 (CL 27394)
|
|
crypto/x509: require a NULL parameters for RSA public keys (CL 16166, CL 27312)
|
|
crypto/x509: return error for missing SerialNumber (CL 27238)
|
|
-->
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><!-- CL 30375 -->
|
|
Root certificates will now also be looked for
|
|
at <code>/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/pem/tls-ca-bundle.pem</code>
|
|
on Linux, to support RHEL and CentOS.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="database_sql"><dt><a href="/pkg/database/sql/">database/sql</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>
|
|
The package now supports <code>context.Context</code>. There are new methods
|
|
ending in <code>Context</code> such as
|
|
<a href="/pkg/database/sql/#DB.QueryContext"><code>DB.QueryContext</code></a> and
|
|
<a href="/pkg/database/sql/#DB.PrepareContext"><code>DB.PrepareContext</code></a>
|
|
that take context arguments. Using the new <code>Context</code> methods ensures that
|
|
connections are closed and returned to the connection pool when the
|
|
request is done; enables canceling in-progress queries
|
|
should the driver support that; and allows the database
|
|
pool to cancel waiting for the next available connection.
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
The <a href="/pkg/database/sql#IsolationLevel"><code>IsolationLevel</code></a>
|
|
can now be set when starting a transaction by setting the isolation level
|
|
on <a href="/pkg/database/sql#TxOptions.Isolation"><code>TxOptions.Isolation</code></a> and passing
|
|
it to <a href="/pkg/database/sql#DB.BeginTx"><code>DB.BeginTx</code></a>.
|
|
An error will be returned if an isolation level is selected that the driver
|
|
does not support. A read-only attribute may also be set on the transaction
|
|
by setting <a href="/pkg/database/sql/#TxOptions.ReadOnly"><code>TxOptions.ReadOnly</code></a>
|
|
to true.
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Queries now expose the SQL column type information for drivers that support it.
|
|
Rows can return <a href="/pkg/database/sql#Rows.ColumnTypes"><code>ColumnTypes</code></a>
|
|
which can include SQL type information, column type lengths, and the Go type.
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
A <a href="/pkg/database/sql/#Rows"><code>Rows</code></a>
|
|
can now represent multiple result sets. After
|
|
<a href="/pkg/database/sql/#Rows.Next"><code>Rows.Next</code></a> returns false,
|
|
<a href="/pkg/database/sql/#Rows.NextResultSet"><code>Rows.NextResultSet</code></a>
|
|
may be called to advance to the next result set. The existing <code>Rows</code>
|
|
should continue to be used after it advances to the next result set.
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a href="/pkg/database/sql/#NamedArg"><code>NamedArg</code></a> may be used
|
|
as query arguments. The new function <a href="/pkg/database/sql/#Named"><code>Named</code></a>
|
|
helps create a <a href="/pkg/database/sql/#NamedArg"><code>NamedArg</code></a>
|
|
more succinctly.
|
|
<p>
|
|
If a driver supports the new
|
|
<a href="/pkg/database/sql/driver/#Pinger"><code>Pinger</code></a>
|
|
interface, the
|
|
<a href="/pkg/database/sql/#DB.Ping"><code>DB.Ping</code></a>
|
|
and
|
|
<a href="/pkg/database/sql/#DB.PingContext"><code>DB.PingContext</code></a>
|
|
methods will use that interface to check whether a
|
|
database connection is still valid.
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
The new <code>Context</code> query methods work for all drivers, but
|
|
<code>Context</code> cancelation is not responsive unless the driver has been
|
|
updated to use them. The other features require driver support in
|
|
<a href="/pkg/database/sql/driver"><code>database/sql/driver</code></a>.
|
|
Driver authors should review the new interfaces. Users of existing
|
|
driver should review the driver documentation to see what
|
|
it supports and any system specific documentation on each feature.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="debug_pe"><dt><a href="/pkg/debug/pe/">debug/pe</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 22720, CL 27212, CL 22181, CL 22332, CL 22336, Issue 15345 -->
|
|
The package has been extended and is now used by
|
|
<a href="/cmd/link/">the Go linker</a> to read <code>gcc</code>-generated object files.
|
|
The new
|
|
<a href="/pkg/debug/pe/#File.StringTable"><code>File.StringTable</code></a>
|
|
and
|
|
<a href="/pkg/debug/pe/#Section.Relocs"><code>Section.Relocs</code></a>
|
|
fields provide access to the COFF string table and COFF relocations.
|
|
The new
|
|
<a href="/pkg/debug/pe/#File.COFFSymbols"><code>File.COFFSymbols</code></a>
|
|
allows low-level access to the COFF symbol table.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="encoding_base64"><dt><a href="/pkg/encoding/base64/">encoding/base64</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 24964 -->
|
|
The new
|
|
<a href="/pkg/encoding/base64/#Encoding.Strict"><code>Encoding.Strict</code></a>
|
|
method returns an <code>Encoding</code> that causes the decoder
|
|
to return an error when the trailing padding bits are not zero.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="encoding_binary"><dt><a href="/pkg/encoding/binary/">encoding/binary</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 28514 -->
|
|
<a href="/pkg/encoding/binary/#Read"><code>Read</code></a>
|
|
and
|
|
<a href="/pkg/encoding/binary/#Write"><code>Write</code></a>
|
|
now support booleans.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="encoding_json"><dt><a href="/pkg/encoding/json/">encoding/json</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 18692 -->
|
|
<a href="/pkg/encoding/json/#UnmarshalTypeError"><code>UnmarshalTypeError</code></a>
|
|
now includes the struct and field name.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 31932 -->
|
|
A nil <a href="/pkg/encoding/json/#Marshaler"><code>Marshaler</code></a>
|
|
now marshals as a JSON <code>null</code> value.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 21811 -->
|
|
A <a href="/pkg/encoding/json/#RawMessage"><code>RawMessage</code></a> value now
|
|
marshals the same as its pointer type.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 30371 -->
|
|
<a href="/pkg/encoding/json/#Marshal"><code>Marshal</code></a>
|
|
encodes floating-point numbers using the same format as in ES6,
|
|
preferring decimal (not exponential) notation for a wider range of values.
|
|
In particular, all floating-point integers up to 2<sup>64</sup> format the
|
|
same as the equivalent <code>int64</code> representation.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 30944 -->
|
|
In previous versions of Go, unmarshaling a JSON <code>null</code> into an
|
|
<a href="/pkg/encoding/json/#Unmarshaler"><code>Unmarshaler</code></a>
|
|
was considered a no-op; now the <code>Unmarshaler</code>'s
|
|
<code>UnmarshalJSON</code> method is called with the JSON literal
|
|
<code>null</code> and can define the semantics of that case.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="encoding_pem"><dt><a href="/pkg/encoding/pem/">encoding/pem</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 27391 -->
|
|
<a href="/pkg/encoding/pem/#Decode"><code>Decode</code></a>
|
|
is now strict about the format of the ending line.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="encoding_xml"><dt><a href="/pkg/encoding/xml/">encoding/xml</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 30946 -->
|
|
<a href="/pkg/encoding/xml/#Unmarshal"><code>Unmarshal</code></a>
|
|
now has wildcard support for collecting all attributes using
|
|
the new <code>",any,attr"</code> struct tag.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="expvar"><dt><a href="/pkg/expvar/">expvar</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 30917 -->
|
|
The new methods
|
|
<a href="/pkg/expvar/#Int.Value"><code>Int.Value</code></a>,
|
|
<a href="/pkg/expvar/#String.Value"><code>String.Value</code></a>,
|
|
<a href="/pkg/expvar/#Float.Value"><code>Float.Value</code></a>, and
|
|
<a href="/pkg/expvar/#Func.Value"><code>Func.Value</code></a>
|
|
report the current value of an exported variable.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 24722 -->
|
|
The new
|
|
function <a href="/pkg/expvar/#Handler"><code>Handler</code></a>
|
|
returns the package's HTTP handler, to enable installing it in
|
|
non-standard locations.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="fmt"><dt><a href="/pkg/fmt/">fmt</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p><!-- CL 30611 -->
|
|
<a href="/pkg/fmt/#Scanf"><code>Scanf</code></a>,
|
|
<a href="/pkg/fmt/#Fscanf"><code>Fscanf</code></a>, and
|
|
<a href="/pkg/fmt/#Sscanf"><code>Sscanf</code></a> now
|
|
handle spaces differently and more consistently than
|
|
previous releases. See the
|
|
<a href="/pkg/fmt/#hdr-Scanning">scanning documentation</a>
|
|
for details.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="go_doc"><dt><a href="/pkg/go/doc/">go/doc</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p><!-- CL 29870 -->
|
|
The new <a href="/pkg/go/doc/#IsPredeclared"><code>IsPredeclared</code></a>
|
|
function reports whether a string is a predeclared identifier.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="go_types"><dt><a href="/pkg/go/types/">go/types</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p><!-- CL 30715 -->
|
|
The new function
|
|
<a href="/pkg/go/types/#Default"><code>Default</code></a>
|
|
returns the default "typed" type for an "untyped" type.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><!-- CL 31939 -->
|
|
The alignment of <code>complex64</code> now matches
|
|
the <a href="/cmd/compile/">Go compiler</a>.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="html_template"><dt><a href="/pkg/html/template/">html/template</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p><!-- CL 14336 -->
|
|
The package now validates
|
|
the <code>"type"</code> attribute on
|
|
a <code><script></code> tag.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="image_png"><dt><a href="/pkg/image/png/">image/png</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 32143, CL 32140 -->
|
|
<a href="/pkg/image/png/#Decode"><code>Decode</code></a>
|
|
(and <code>DecodeConfig</code>)
|
|
now supports True Color and grayscale transparency.
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 29872 -->
|
|
<a href="/pkg/image/png/#Encoder"><code>Encoder</code></a>
|
|
is now faster and creates smaller output
|
|
when encoding paletted images.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="math_big"><dt><a href="/pkg/math/big/">math/big</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p><!-- CL 30706 -->
|
|
The new method
|
|
<a href="/pkg/math/big/#Int.Sqrt"><code>Int.Sqrt</code></a>
|
|
calculates ⌊√x⌋.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
The new method
|
|
<a href="/pkg/math/big/#Float.Scan"><code>Float.Scan</code></a>
|
|
is a support routine for
|
|
<a href="/pkg/fmt/#Scanner"><code>fmt.Scanner</code></a>.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a href="/pkg/math/big/#Int.ModInverse"><code>Int.ModInverse</code></a>
|
|
now supports negative numbers.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="math_rand"><dt><a href="/pkg/math/rand/">math/rand</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
<p><!-- CL 27253, CL 33456 -->
|
|
The new <a href="/pkg/math/rand/#Rand.Uint64"><code>Rand.Uint64</code></a>
|
|
method returns <code>uint64</code> values. The
|
|
new <a href="/pkg/math/rand/#Source64"><code>Source64</code></a>
|
|
interface describes sources capable of generating such values
|
|
directly; otherwise the <code>Rand.Uint64</code> method
|
|
constructs a <code>uint64</code> from two calls
|
|
to <a href="/pkg/math/rand/#Source"><code>Source</code></a>'s
|
|
<code>Int63</code> method.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="mime"><dt><a href="/pkg/mime/">mime</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 32175 -->
|
|
<a href="/pkg/mime/#ParseMediaType"><code>ParseMediaType</code></a>
|
|
now preserves unnecessary backslash escapes as literals,
|
|
in order to support MSIE.
|
|
When MSIE sends a full file path (in “intranet mode”), it does not
|
|
escape backslashes: “<code>C:\dev\go\foo.txt</code>”, not
|
|
“<code>C:\\dev\\go\\foo.txt</code>”.
|
|
If we see an unnecessary backslash escape, we now assume it is from MSIE
|
|
and intended as a literal backslash.
|
|
No known MIME generators emit unnecessary backslash escapes
|
|
for simple token characters like numbers and letters.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="mime_quotedprintable"><dt><a href="/pkg/mime/quotedprintable/">mime/quotedprintable</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
The
|
|
<a href="/pkg/mime/quotedprintable/#Reader"><code>Reader</code></a>'s
|
|
parsing has been relaxed in two ways to accept
|
|
more input seen in the wild.
|
|
|
|
<!-- CL 32174 -->
|
|
First, it accepts an equals sign (<code>=</code>) not followed
|
|
by two hex digits as a literal equal sign.
|
|
|
|
<!-- CL 27530 -->
|
|
Second, it silently ignores a trailing equals sign at the end of
|
|
an encoded input.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="net"><dt><a href="/pkg/net/">net</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
<p><!-- CL 30164, CL 33473 -->
|
|
The <a href="/pkg/net/#Conn"><code>Conn</code></a> documentation
|
|
has been updated to clarify expectations of an interface
|
|
implementation. Updates in the <code>net/http</code> packages
|
|
depend on implementations obeying the documentation.
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p><i>Updating:</i> implementations of the <code>Conn</code> interface should verify
|
|
they implement the documented semantics. The
|
|
<a href="https://godoc.org/golang.org/x/net/nettest">golang.org/x/net/nettest</a>
|
|
package will exercise a <code>Conn</code> and validate it behaves properly.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><!-- CL 32099 -->
|
|
The new method
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/#UnixListener.SetUnlinkOnClose"><code>UnixListener.SetUnlinkOnClose</code></a>
|
|
sets whether the underlying socket file should be removed from the file system when
|
|
the listener is closed.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><!-- CL 29951 -->
|
|
The new <a href="/pkg/net/#Buffers"><code>Buffers</code></a> type permits
|
|
writing to the network more efficiently from multiple discontiguous buffers
|
|
in memory. On certain machines, for certain types of connections,
|
|
this is optimized into an OS-specific batch write operation (such as <code>writev</code>).
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><!-- CL 29440 -->
|
|
The new <a href="/pkg/net/#Resolver"><code>Resolver</code></a> looks up names and numbers
|
|
and supports <a href="/pkg/context/#Context"><code>context.Context</code></a>.
|
|
The <a href="/pkg/net/#Dialer"><code>Dialer</code></a> now has an optional
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/#Dialer.Resolver"><code>Resolver</code> field</a>.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><!-- CL 29892 -->
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/#Interfaces"><code>Interfaces</code></a> is now supported on Solaris.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><!-- CL 29233, CL 24901 -->
|
|
The Go DNS resolver now supports <code>resolv.conf</code>'s “<code>rotate</code>”
|
|
and “<code>option</code> <code>ndots:0</code>” options. The “<code>ndots</code>” option is
|
|
now respected in the same way as <code>libresolve</code>.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="net_http"><dt><a href="/pkg/net/http/">net/http</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
<p>Server changes:</p>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>The server now supports graceful shutdown support, <a href="#http_shutdown">mentioned above</a>.</li>
|
|
|
|
<li> <!-- CL 32024 -->
|
|
The <a href="/pkg/net/http/#Server"><code>Server</code></a>
|
|
adds configuration options
|
|
<code>ReadHeaderTimeout</code> and <code>IdleTimeout</code>
|
|
and documents <code>WriteTimeout</code>.
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li> <!-- CL 32014 -->
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/http/#FileServer"><code>FileServer</code></a>
|
|
and
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/http/#ServeContent"><code>ServeContent</code></a>
|
|
now support HTTP <code>If-Match</code> conditional requests,
|
|
in addition to the previous <code>If-None-Match</code>
|
|
support for ETags properly formatted according to RFC 7232, section 2.3.
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
There are several additions to what a server's <code>Handler</code> can do:
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li><!-- CL 31173 -->
|
|
The <a href="/pkg/context/#Context"><code>Context</code></a>
|
|
returned
|
|
by <a href="/pkg/net/http/#Request.Context"><code>Request.Context</code></a>
|
|
is canceled if the underlying <code>net.Conn</code>
|
|
closes. For instance, if the user closes their browser in the
|
|
middle of a slow request, the <code>Handler</code> can now
|
|
detect that the user is gone. This complements the
|
|
existing <a href="/pkg/net/http/#CloseNotifier"><code>CloseNotifier</code></a>
|
|
support. This functionality requires that the underlying
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/#Conn"><code>net.Conn</code></a> implements
|
|
<a href="#net">recently clarified interface documentation</a>.
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li><!-- CL 32479 -->
|
|
To serve trailers produced after the header has already been written,
|
|
see the new
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/http/#TrailerPrefix"><code>TrailerPrefix</code></a>
|
|
mechanism.
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li><!-- CL 33099 -->
|
|
A <code>Handler</code> can now abort a response by panicking
|
|
with the error
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/http/#ErrAbortHandler"><code>ErrAbortHandler</code></a>.
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li><!-- CL 30812 -->
|
|
A <code>Write</code> of zero bytes to a
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/http/#ResponseWriter"><code>ResponseWriter</code></a>
|
|
is now defined as a
|
|
way to test whether a <code>ResponseWriter</code> has been hijacked:
|
|
if so, the <code>Write</code> returns
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/http/#ErrHijacked"><code>ErrHijacked</code></a>
|
|
without printing an error
|
|
to the server's error log.
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
<p>Client & Transport changes:</p>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li><!-- CL 28930, CL 31435 -->
|
|
The <a href="/pkg/net/http/#Client"><code>Client</code></a>
|
|
now copies most request headers on redirect. See
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/http/#Client">the documentation</a>
|
|
on the <code>Client</code> type for details.
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li><!-- CL 29072 -->
|
|
The <a href="/pkg/net/http/#Transport"><code>Transport</code></a>
|
|
now supports international domain names. Consequently, so do
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/http/#Get">Get</a> and other helpers.
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li><!-- CL 31733, CL 29852 -->
|
|
The <code>Client</code> now supports 301, 307, and 308 redirects.
|
|
|
|
For example, <code>Client.Post</code> now follows 301
|
|
redirects, converting them to <code>GET</code> requests
|
|
without bodies, like it did for 302 and 303 redirect responses
|
|
previously.
|
|
|
|
The <code>Client</code> now also follows 307 and 308
|
|
redirects, preserving the original request method and body, if
|
|
any. If the redirect requires resending the request body, the
|
|
request must have the new
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/http/#Request"><code>Request.GetBody</code></a>
|
|
field defined.
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/http/#NewRequest"><code>NewRequest</code></a>
|
|
sets <code>Request.GetBody</code> automatically for common
|
|
body types.
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li><!-- CL 32482 -->
|
|
The <code>Transport</code> now rejects requests for URLs with
|
|
ports containing non-digit characters.
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li><!-- CL 27117 -->
|
|
The <code>Transport</code> will now retry non-idempotent
|
|
requests if no bytes were written before a network failure
|
|
and the request has no body.
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li><!-- CL 32481 -->
|
|
The
|
|
new <a href="/pkg/net/http/#Transport"><code>Transport.ProxyConnectHeader</code></a>
|
|
allows configuration of header values to send to a proxy
|
|
during a <code>CONNECT</code> request.
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li> <!-- CL 28077 -->
|
|
The <a href="/pkg/net/http/#DefaultTransport"><code>DefaultTransport.Dialer</code></a>
|
|
now enables <code>DualStack</code> ("<a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6555">Happy Eyeballs</a>") support,
|
|
allowing the use of IPv4 as a backup if it looks like IPv6 might be
|
|
failing.
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li> <!-- CL 31726 -->
|
|
The <a href="/pkg/net/http/#Transport"><code>Transport</code></a>
|
|
no longer reads a byte of a non-nil
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/http/#Request.Body"><code>Request.Body</code></a>
|
|
when the
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/http/#Request.ContentLength"><code>Request.ContentLength</code></a>
|
|
is zero to determine whether the <code>ContentLength</code>
|
|
is actually zero or just undefined.
|
|
To explicitly signal that a body has zero length,
|
|
either set it to <code>nil</code>, or set it to the new value
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/http/#NoBody"><code>NoBody</code></a>.
|
|
The new <code>NoBody</code> value is intended for use by <code>Request</code>
|
|
constructor functions; it is used by
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/http/#NewRequest"><code>NewRequest</code></a>.
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="net_http_httptrace"><dt><a href="/pkg/net/http/httptrace/">net/http/httptrace</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 30359 -->
|
|
There is now support for tracing a client request's TLS handshakes with
|
|
the new
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/http/httptrace/#ClientTrace.TLSHandshakeStart"><code>ClientTrace.TLSHandshakeStart</code></a>
|
|
and
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/http/httptrace/#ClientTrace.TLSHandshakeDone"><code>ClientTrace.TLSHandshakeDone</code></a>.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="net_http_httputil"><dt><a href="/pkg/net/http/httputil/">net/http/httputil</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 32356 -->
|
|
The <a href="/pkg/net/http/httputil/#ReverseProxy"><code>ReverseProxy</code></a>
|
|
has a new optional hook,
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/http/httputil/#ReverseProxy.ModifyResponse"><code>ModifyResponse</code></a>,
|
|
for modifying the response from the back end before proxying it to the client.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="net_mail"><dt><a href="/pkg/net/mail/">net/mail</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 32176 -->
|
|
Empty quoted strings are once again allowed in the name part of
|
|
an address. That is, Go 1.4 and earlier accepted
|
|
<code>""</code> <code><gopher@example.com></code>,
|
|
but Go 1.5 introduced a bug that rejected this address.
|
|
The address is recognized again.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 31581 -->
|
|
The
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/mail/#Header.Date"><code>Header.Date</code></a>
|
|
method has always provided a way to parse
|
|
the <code>Date:</code> header.
|
|
A new function
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/mail/#ParseDate"><code>ParseDate</code></a>
|
|
allows parsing dates found in other
|
|
header lines, such as the <code>Resent-Date:</code> header.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="net_smtp"><dt><a href="/pkg/net/smtp/">net/smtp</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 33143 -->
|
|
If an implementation of the
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/smtp/#Auth"><code>Auth.Start</code></a>
|
|
method returns an empty <code>toServer</code> value,
|
|
the package no longer sends
|
|
trailing whitespace in the SMTP <code>AUTH</code> command,
|
|
which some servers rejected.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="net_url"><dt><a href="/pkg/net/url/">net/url</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 31322 -->
|
|
The new functions
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/url/#PathEscape"><code>PathEscape</code></a>
|
|
and
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/url/#PathUnescape"><code>PathUnescape</code></a>
|
|
are similar to the query escaping and unescaping functions but
|
|
for path elements.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 28933 -->
|
|
The new methods
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/url/#URL.Hostname"><code>URL.Hostname</code></a>
|
|
and
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/url/#URL.Port"><code>URL.Port</code></a>
|
|
return the hostname and port fields of a URL,
|
|
correctly handling the case where the port may not be present.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 28343 -->
|
|
The existing method
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/url/#URL.ResolveReference"><code>URL.ResolveReference</code></a>
|
|
now properly handles paths with escaped bytes without losing
|
|
the escaping.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 31467 -->
|
|
The <code>URL</code> type now implements
|
|
<a href="/pkg/encoding/#BinaryMarshaler"><code>encoding.BinaryMarshaler</code></a> and
|
|
<a href="/pkg/encoding/#BinaryUnmarshaler"><code>encoding.BinaryUnmarshaler</code></a>,
|
|
making it possible to process URLs in <a href="/pkg/encoding/gob/">gob data</a>.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 29610, CL 31582 -->
|
|
Following RFC 3986,
|
|
<a href="/pkg/net/url/#Parse"><code>Parse</code></a>
|
|
now rejects URLs like <code>this_that:other/thing</code> instead of
|
|
interpreting them as relative paths (<code>this_that</code> is not a valid scheme).
|
|
To force interpretation as a relative path,
|
|
such URLs should be prefixed with “<code>./</code>”.
|
|
The <code>URL.String</code> method now inserts this prefix as needed.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="os"><dt><a href="/pkg/os/">os</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 16551 -->
|
|
The new function
|
|
<a href="/pkg/os/#Executable"><code>Executable</code></a> returns
|
|
the path name of the running executable.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 30614 -->
|
|
An attempt to call a method on
|
|
an <a href="/pkg/os/#File"><code>os.File</code></a> that has
|
|
already been closed will now return the new error
|
|
value <a href="/pkg/os/#ErrClosed"><code>os.ErrClosed</code></a>.
|
|
Previously it returned a system-specific error such
|
|
as <code>syscall.EBADF</code>.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 31358 -->
|
|
On Unix systems, <a href="/pkg/os/#Rename"><code>os.Rename</code></a>
|
|
will now return an error when used to rename a directory to an
|
|
existing empty directory.
|
|
Previously it would fail when renaming to a non-empty directory
|
|
but succeed when renaming to an empty directory.
|
|
This makes the behavior on Unix correspond to that of other systems.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 32451 -->
|
|
On Windows, long absolute paths are now transparently converted to
|
|
extended-length paths (paths that start with “<code>\\?\</code>”).
|
|
This permits the package to work with files whose path names are
|
|
longer than 260 characters.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 29753 -->
|
|
On Windows, <a href="/pkg/os/#IsExist"><code>os.IsExist</code></a>
|
|
will now return <code>true</code> for the system
|
|
error <code>ERROR_DIR_NOT_EMPTY</code>.
|
|
This roughly corresponds to the existing handling of the Unix
|
|
error <code>ENOTEMPTY</code>.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 32152 -->
|
|
On Plan 9, files that are not served by <code>#M</code> will now
|
|
have <a href="/pkg/os/#ModeDevice"><code>ModeDevice</code></a> set in
|
|
the value returned
|
|
by <a href="/pkg/os/#FileInfo"><code>FileInfo.Mode</code></a>.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="path_filepath"><dt><a href="/pkg/path/filepath/">path/filepath</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>
|
|
A number of bugs and corner cases on Windows were fixed:
|
|
<a href="/pkg/path/filepath/#Abs"><code>Abs</code></a> now calls <code>Clean</code> as documented,
|
|
<a href="/pkg/path/filepath/#Glob"><code>Glob</code></a> now matches
|
|
“<code>\\?\c:\*</code>”,
|
|
<a href="/pkg/path/filepath/#EvalSymlinks"><code>EvalSymlinks</code></a> now
|
|
correctly handles “<code>C:.</code>”, and
|
|
<a href="/pkg/path/filepath/#Clean"><code>Clean</code></a> now properly
|
|
handles a leading “<code>..</code>” in the path.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="reflect"><dt><a href="/pkg/reflect/">reflect</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 30088 -->
|
|
The new function
|
|
<a href="/pkg/reflect/#Swapper"><code>Swapper</code></a> was
|
|
added to support <a href="#sortslice"><code>sort.Slice</code></a>.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="strconv"><dt><a href="/pkg/strconv/">strconv</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 31210 -->
|
|
The <a href="/pkg/strconv/#Unquote"><code>Unquote</code></a>
|
|
function now strips carriage returns (<code>\r</code>) in
|
|
backquoted raw strings, following the
|
|
<a href="/ref/spec#String_literals">Go language semantics</a>.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="syscall"><dt><a href="/pkg/syscall/">syscall</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 25050, CL 25022 -->
|
|
The <a href="/pkg/syscall/#Getpagesize"><code>Getpagesize</code></a>
|
|
now returns the system's size, rather than a constant value.
|
|
Previously it always returned 4KB.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 31446 -->
|
|
The signature
|
|
of <a href="/pkg/syscall/#Utimes"><code>Utimes</code></a> has
|
|
changed on Solaris to match all the other Unix systems'
|
|
signature. Portable code should continue to use
|
|
<a href="/pkg/os/#Chtimes"><code>os.Chtimes</code></a> instead.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 32319 -->
|
|
The <code>X__cmsg_data</code> field has been removed from
|
|
<a href="/pkg/syscall/#Cmsghdr"><code>Cmsghdr</code></a>.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="text_template"><dt><a href="/pkg/text/template/">text/template</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 31462 -->
|
|
<a href="/pkg/text/template/#Template.Execute"><code>Template.Execute</code></a>
|
|
can now take a
|
|
<a href="/pkg/reflect/#Value"><code>reflect.Value</code></a> as its data
|
|
argument, and
|
|
<a href="/pkg/text/template/#FuncMap"><code>FuncMap</code></a>
|
|
functions can also accept and return <code>reflect.Value</code>.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="time"><dt><a href="/pkg/time/">time</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 20118 --> The new function
|
|
<a href="/pkg/time/#Until"><code>Until</code></a> complements
|
|
the analogous <code>Since</code> function.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 29338 -->
|
|
<a href="/pkg/time/#ParseDuration"><code>ParseDuration</code></a>
|
|
now accepts long fractional parts.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 33429 -->
|
|
<a href="/pkg/time/#Parse"><code>Parse</code></a>
|
|
now rejects dates before the start of a month, such as June 0;
|
|
it already rejected dates beyond the end of the month, such as
|
|
June 31 and July 32.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p> <!-- CL 33029 --> <!-- CL 34816 -->
|
|
The <code>tzdata</code> database has been updated to version
|
|
2016j for systems that don't already have a local time zone
|
|
database.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="testing"><dt><a href="/pkg/testing/">testing</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p><!-- CL 29970 -->
|
|
The new method
|
|
<a href="/pkg/testing/#T.Name"><code>T.Name</code></a>
|
|
(and <code>B.Name</code>) returns the name of the current
|
|
test or benchmark.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><!-- CL 32483 -->
|
|
The new function
|
|
<a href="/pkg/testing/#CoverMode"><code>CoverMode</code></a>
|
|
reports the test coverage mode.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><!-- CL 32615 -->
|
|
Tests and benchmarks are now marked as failed if the race
|
|
detector is enabled and a data race occurs during execution.
|
|
Previously, individual test cases would appear to pass,
|
|
and only the overall execution of the test binary would fail.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><!-- CL 32455 -->
|
|
The signature of the
|
|
<a href="/pkg/testing/#MainStart"><code>MainStart</code></a>
|
|
function has changed, as allowed by the documentation. It is an
|
|
internal detail and not part of the Go 1 compatibility promise.
|
|
If you're not calling <code>MainStart</code> directly but see
|
|
errors, that likely means you set the
|
|
normally-empty <code>GOROOT</code> environment variable and it
|
|
doesn't match the version of your <code>go</code> command's binary.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl id="unicode"><dt><a href="/pkg/unicode/">unicode</a></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p><!-- CL 30935 -->
|
|
<a href="/pkg/unicode/#SimpleFold"><code>SimpleFold</code></a>
|
|
now returns its argument unchanged if the provided input was an invalid rune.
|
|
Previously, the implementation failed with an index bounds check panic.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|