diff --git a/src/cmd/compile/fmt_test.go b/src/cmd/compile/fmt_test.go index 8af7cced6a..5dd2fa50be 100644 --- a/src/cmd/compile/fmt_test.go +++ b/src/cmd/compile/fmt_test.go @@ -646,6 +646,7 @@ var knownFormats = map[string]string{ "cmd/compile/internal/ssa.Op %s": "", "cmd/compile/internal/ssa.Op %v": "", "cmd/compile/internal/ssa.ValAndOff %s": "", + "cmd/compile/internal/ssa.domain %v": "", "cmd/compile/internal/ssa.posetNode %v": "", "cmd/compile/internal/ssa.posetTestOp %v": "", "cmd/compile/internal/ssa.rbrank %d": "", diff --git a/src/cmd/compile/internal/ssa/loopbce.go b/src/cmd/compile/internal/ssa/loopbce.go index a96d98717d..7f2da4870e 100644 --- a/src/cmd/compile/internal/ssa/loopbce.go +++ b/src/cmd/compile/internal/ssa/loopbce.go @@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ nextb: } } - if f.pass.debug > 1 { + if f.pass.debug >= 1 { if min.Op == OpConst64 { b.Func.Warnl(b.Pos, "Induction variable with minimum %d and increment %d", min.AuxInt, inc.AuxInt) } else { diff --git a/src/cmd/compile/internal/ssa/prove.go b/src/cmd/compile/internal/ssa/prove.go index 371009a57d..536cfcebf0 100644 --- a/src/cmd/compile/internal/ssa/prove.go +++ b/src/cmd/compile/internal/ssa/prove.go @@ -388,6 +388,77 @@ func (ft *factsTable) update(parent *Block, v, w *Value, d domain, r relation) { } } } + + // Process: x+delta > w (with delta,w constants) + // + // We want to derive: x+delta > w ⇒ x > w-delta + // + // We do this for signed numbers for now, as that allows to prove many + // accesses to slices in loops. + // + // From x+delta > w, we compute (using integers of the correct size): + // min = w - delta + // max = MaxInt - delta + // + // And we prove that: + // if minmax: min < x OR x <= max + // + // This is always correct, even in case of overflow. + // + // If the initial fact is x+delta >= w instead, the derived conditions are: + // if minmax: min <= x OR x <= max + // + // Notice the conditions for max are still <=, as they handle overflows. + if r == gt || r == gt|eq { + if x, delta := isConstDelta(v); x != nil && w.isGenericIntConst() && d == signed { + if parent.Func.pass.debug > 1 { + parent.Func.Warnl(parent.Pos, "x+d >= w; x:%v %v delta:%v w:%v d:%v", x, parent.String(), delta, w.AuxInt, d) + } + + var min, max int64 + var vmin, vmax *Value + switch x.Type.Size() { + case 8: + min = w.AuxInt - delta + max = int64(^uint64(0)>>1) - delta + + vmin = parent.NewValue0I(parent.Pos, OpConst64, parent.Func.Config.Types.Int64, min) + vmax = parent.NewValue0I(parent.Pos, OpConst64, parent.Func.Config.Types.Int64, max) + + case 4: + min = int64(int32(w.AuxInt) - int32(delta)) + max = int64(int32(^uint32(0)>>1) - int32(delta)) + + vmin = parent.NewValue0I(parent.Pos, OpConst32, parent.Func.Config.Types.Int32, min) + vmax = parent.NewValue0I(parent.Pos, OpConst32, parent.Func.Config.Types.Int32, max) + + default: + panic("unimplemented") + } + + if min < max { + // Record that x > min and max >= x + ft.update(parent, x, vmin, d, r) + ft.update(parent, vmax, x, d, r|eq) + } else { + // We know that either x>min OR x<=max. factsTable cannot record OR conditions, + // so let's see if we can already prove that one of them is false, in which case + // the other must be true + if l, has := ft.limits[x.ID]; has { + if l.max <= min { + // x>min is impossible, so it must be x<=max + ft.update(parent, vmax, x, d, r|eq) + } else if l.min > max { + // x<=max is impossible, so it must be x>min + ft.update(parent, x, vmin, d, r) + } + } + } + } + } + } var opMin = map[Op]int64{ @@ -405,8 +476,25 @@ func (ft *factsTable) isNonNegative(v *Value) bool { if isNonNegative(v) { return true } - l, has := ft.limits[v.ID] - return has && (l.min >= 0 || l.umax <= math.MaxInt64) + + // Check if the recorded limits can prove that the value is positive + if l, has := ft.limits[v.ID]; has && (l.min >= 0 || l.umax <= math.MaxInt64) { + return true + } + + // Check if v = x+delta, and we can use x's limits to prove that it's positive + if x, delta := isConstDelta(v); x != nil { + if l, has := ft.limits[x.ID]; has { + if delta > 0 && l.min >= -delta && l.max <= math.MaxInt64-delta { + return true + } + if delta < 0 && l.min >= -delta { + return true + } + } + } + + return false } // checkpoint saves the current state of known relations. @@ -595,6 +683,16 @@ func prove(f *Func) { } } + // Find induction variables. Currently, findIndVars + // is limited to one induction variable per block. + var indVars map[*Block]indVar + for _, v := range findIndVar(f) { + if indVars == nil { + indVars = make(map[*Block]indVar) + } + indVars[v.entry] = v + } + // current node state type walkState int const ( @@ -634,6 +732,10 @@ func prove(f *Func) { switch node.state { case descend: ft.checkpoint() + if iv, ok := indVars[node.block]; ok { + addIndVarRestrictions(ft, parent, iv) + } + if branch != unknown { addBranchRestrictions(ft, parent, branch) if ft.unsat { @@ -688,6 +790,19 @@ func getBranch(sdom SparseTree, p *Block, b *Block) branch { return unknown } +// addIndVarRestrictions updates the factsTables ft with the facts +// learned from the induction variable indVar which drives the loop +// starting in Block b. +func addIndVarRestrictions(ft *factsTable, b *Block, iv indVar) { + d := signed + if isNonNegative(iv.min) && isNonNegative(iv.max) { + d |= unsigned + } + + addRestrictions(b, ft, d, iv.min, iv.ind, lt|eq) + addRestrictions(b, ft, d, iv.ind, iv.max, lt) +} + // addBranchRestrictions updates the factsTables ft with the facts learned when // branching from Block b in direction br. func addBranchRestrictions(ft *factsTable, b *Block, br branch) { diff --git a/test/loopbce.go b/test/loopbce.go index 857cf2442b..c742df7e60 100644 --- a/test/loopbce.go +++ b/test/loopbce.go @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ // +build amd64 -// errorcheck -0 -d=ssa/loopbce/debug=3 +// errorcheck -0 -d=ssa/prove/debug=1 package main func f0a(a []int) int { x := 0 for i := range a { // ERROR "Induction variable with minimum 0 and increment 1$" - x += a[i] // ERROR "Found redundant IsInBounds$" + x += a[i] // ERROR "Proved IsInBounds$" } return x } @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ func f0a(a []int) int { func f0b(a []int) int { x := 0 for i := range a { // ERROR "Induction variable with minimum 0 and increment 1$" - b := a[i:] // ERROR "Found redundant IsSliceInBounds$" + b := a[i:] // ERROR "Proved IsSliceInBounds$" x += b[0] } return x @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ func f0b(a []int) int { func f0c(a []int) int { x := 0 for i := range a { // ERROR "Induction variable with minimum 0 and increment 1$" - b := a[:i+1] // ERROR "Found redundant IsSliceInBounds \(len promoted to cap\)$" + b := a[:i+1] // ERROR "Proved IsSliceInBounds$" x += b[0] } return x @@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ func f1(a []int) int { func f2(a []int) int { x := 0 for i := 1; i < len(a); i++ { // ERROR "Induction variable with minimum 1 and increment 1$" - x += a[i] // ERROR "Found redundant IsInBounds$" + x += a[i] // ERROR "Proved IsInBounds$" } return x } @@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ func f2(a []int) int { func f4(a [10]int) int { x := 0 for i := 0; i < len(a); i += 2 { // ERROR "Induction variable with minimum 0 and increment 2$" - x += a[i] // ERROR "Found redundant IsInBounds$" + x += a[i] // ERROR "Proved IsInBounds$" } return x } @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ func f5(a [10]int) int { func f6(a []int) { for i := range a { // ERROR "Induction variable with minimum 0 and increment 1$" - b := a[0:i] // ERROR "Found redundant IsSliceInBounds \(len promoted to cap\)$" + b := a[0:i] // ERROR "Proved IsSliceInBounds$" f6(b) } } @@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ func f6(a []int) { func g0a(a string) int { x := 0 for i := 0; i < len(a); i++ { // ERROR "Induction variable with minimum 0 and increment 1$" - x += int(a[i]) // ERROR "Found redundant IsInBounds$" + x += int(a[i]) // ERROR "Proved IsInBounds$" } return x } @@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ func g0a(a string) int { func g0b(a string) int { x := 0 for i := 0; len(a) > i; i++ { // ERROR "Induction variable with minimum 0 and increment 1$" - x += int(a[i]) // ERROR "Found redundant IsInBounds$" + x += int(a[i]) // ERROR "Proved IsInBounds$" } return x } @@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ func g1() int { a := "evenlength" x := 0 for i := 0; i < len(a); i += 2 { // ERROR "Induction variable with minimum 0 and increment 2$" - x += int(a[i]) // ERROR "Found redundant IsInBounds$" + x += int(a[i]) // ERROR "Proved IsInBounds$" } return x } @@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ func g2() int { x := 0 for i := 0; i < len(a); i += 2 { // ERROR "Induction variable with minimum 0 and increment 2$" j := i - if a[i] == 'e' { // ERROR "Found redundant IsInBounds$" + if a[i] == 'e' { // ERROR "Proved IsInBounds$" j = j + 1 } x += int(a[j]) @@ -109,27 +109,27 @@ func g2() int { func g3a() { a := "this string has length 25" for i := 0; i < len(a); i += 5 { // ERROR "Induction variable with minimum 0 and increment 5$" - useString(a[i:]) // ERROR "Found redundant IsSliceInBounds$" + useString(a[i:]) // ERROR "Proved IsSliceInBounds$" useString(a[:i+3]) } } func g3b(a string) { for i := 0; i < len(a); i++ { // ERROR "Induction variable with minimum 0 and increment 1$" - useString(a[i+1:]) // ERROR "Found redundant IsSliceInBounds$" + useString(a[i+1:]) // ERROR "Proved IsSliceInBounds$" } } func g3c(a string) { for i := 0; i < len(a); i++ { // ERROR "Induction variable with minimum 0 and increment 1$" - useString(a[:i+1]) // ERROR "Found redundant IsSliceInBounds$" + useString(a[:i+1]) // ERROR "Proved IsSliceInBounds$" } } func h1(a []byte) { c := a[:128] for i := range c { // ERROR "Induction variable with minimum 0 and increment 1$" - c[i] = byte(i) // ERROR "Found redundant IsInBounds$" + c[i] = byte(i) // ERROR "Proved IsInBounds$" } } @@ -142,11 +142,11 @@ func h2(a []byte) { func k0(a [100]int) [100]int { for i := 10; i < 90; i++ { // ERROR "Induction variable with minimum 10 and increment 1$" a[i-11] = i - a[i-10] = i // ERROR "Found redundant \(IsInBounds ind 100\), ind < 80$" - a[i-5] = i // ERROR "Found redundant \(IsInBounds ind 100\), ind < 85$" - a[i] = i // ERROR "Found redundant \(IsInBounds ind 100\), ind < 90$" - a[i+5] = i // ERROR "Found redundant \(IsInBounds ind 100\), ind < 95$" - a[i+10] = i // ERROR "Found redundant \(IsInBounds ind 100\), ind < 100$" + a[i-10] = i // ERROR "Proved IsInBounds$" + a[i-5] = i // ERROR "Proved IsInBounds$" + a[i] = i // ERROR "Proved IsInBounds$" + a[i+5] = i // ERROR "Proved IsInBounds$" + a[i+10] = i // ERROR "Proved IsInBounds$" a[i+11] = i } return a @@ -155,12 +155,13 @@ func k0(a [100]int) [100]int { func k1(a [100]int) [100]int { for i := 10; i < 90; i++ { // ERROR "Induction variable with minimum 10 and increment 1$" useSlice(a[:i-11]) - useSlice(a[:i-10]) // ERROR "Found redundant \(IsSliceInBounds ind 100\), ind < 80$" - useSlice(a[:i-5]) // ERROR "Found redundant \(IsSliceInBounds ind 100\), ind < 85$" - useSlice(a[:i]) // ERROR "Found redundant \(IsSliceInBounds ind 100\), ind < 90$" - useSlice(a[:i+5]) // ERROR "Found redundant \(IsSliceInBounds ind 100\), ind < 95$" - useSlice(a[:i+10]) // ERROR "Found redundant \(IsSliceInBounds ind 100\), ind < 100$" - useSlice(a[:i+11]) // ERROR "Found redundant \(IsSliceInBounds ind 100\), ind < 101$" + useSlice(a[:i-10]) // ERROR "Proved IsSliceInBounds$" + useSlice(a[:i-5]) // ERROR "Proved IsSliceInBounds$" + useSlice(a[:i]) // ERROR "Proved IsSliceInBounds$" + useSlice(a[:i+5]) // ERROR "Proved IsSliceInBounds$" + useSlice(a[:i+10]) // ERROR "Proved IsSliceInBounds$" + useSlice(a[:i+11]) // ERROR "Proved IsSliceInBounds$" + useSlice(a[:i+12]) } return a @@ -169,19 +170,22 @@ func k1(a [100]int) [100]int { func k2(a [100]int) [100]int { for i := 10; i < 90; i++ { // ERROR "Induction variable with minimum 10 and increment 1$" useSlice(a[i-11:]) - useSlice(a[i-10:]) // ERROR "Found redundant \(IsSliceInBounds ind 100\), ind < 80$" - useSlice(a[i-5:]) // ERROR "Found redundant \(IsSliceInBounds ind 100\), ind < 85$" - useSlice(a[i:]) // ERROR "Found redundant \(IsSliceInBounds ind 100\), ind < 90$" - useSlice(a[i+5:]) // ERROR "Found redundant \(IsSliceInBounds ind 100\), ind < 95$" - useSlice(a[i+10:]) // ERROR "Found redundant \(IsSliceInBounds ind 100\), ind < 100$" - useSlice(a[i+11:]) // ERROR "Found redundant \(IsSliceInBounds ind 100\), ind < 101$" + useSlice(a[i-10:]) // ERROR "Proved IsSliceInBounds$" + useSlice(a[i-5:]) // ERROR "Proved IsSliceInBounds$" + useSlice(a[i:]) // ERROR "Proved IsSliceInBounds$" + useSlice(a[i+5:]) // ERROR "Proved IsSliceInBounds$" + useSlice(a[i+10:]) // ERROR "Proved IsSliceInBounds$" + useSlice(a[i+11:]) // ERROR "Proved IsSliceInBounds$" + useSlice(a[i+12:]) } return a } func k3(a [100]int) [100]int { for i := -10; i < 90; i++ { // ERROR "Induction variable with minimum -10 and increment 1$" - a[i+10] = i // ERROR "Found redundant \(IsInBounds ind 100\), ind < 100$" + a[i+9] = i + a[i+10] = i // ERROR "Proved IsInBounds$" + a[i+11] = i } return a } @@ -189,7 +193,7 @@ func k3(a [100]int) [100]int { func k4(a [100]int) [100]int { min := (-1) << 63 for i := min; i < min+50; i++ { // ERROR "Induction variable with minimum -9223372036854775808 and increment 1$" - a[i-min] = i // ERROR "Found redundant \(IsInBounds ind 100\), ind < 50$" + a[i-min] = i // ERROR "Proved IsInBounds$" } return a } @@ -197,8 +201,8 @@ func k4(a [100]int) [100]int { func k5(a [100]int) [100]int { max := (1 << 63) - 1 for i := max - 50; i < max; i++ { // ERROR "Induction variable with minimum 9223372036854775757 and increment 1$" - a[i-max+50] = i // ERROR "Found redundant \(IsInBounds ind 100\), ind < 50$" - a[i-(max-70)] = i // ERROR "Found redundant \(IsInBounds ind 100\), ind < 70$" + a[i-max+50] = i // ERROR "Proved IsInBounds$" + a[i-(max-70)] = i // ERROR "Proved IsInBounds$" } return a } @@ -221,10 +225,10 @@ func nobce1() { func nobce2(a string) { for i := int64(0); i < int64(len(a)); i++ { // ERROR "Induction variable with minimum 0 and increment 1$" - useString(a[i:]) // ERROR "Found redundant IsSliceInBounds$" + useString(a[i:]) // ERROR "Proved IsSliceInBounds$" } for i := int64(0); i < int64(len(a))-31337; i++ { // ERROR "Induction variable with minimum 0 and increment 1$" - useString(a[i:]) // ERROR "Found redundant IsSliceInBounds$" + useString(a[i:]) // ERROR "Proved IsSliceInBounds$" } for i := int64(0); i < int64(len(a))+int64(-1<<63); i++ { // ERROR "Induction variable with minimum 0 and increment 1$" // tests an overflow of StringLen-MinInt64 diff --git a/test/prove.go b/test/prove.go index f7b3ef0847..a4eedbb717 100644 --- a/test/prove.go +++ b/test/prove.go @@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ func f1c(a []int, i int64) int { } func f2(a []int) int { - for i := range a { + for i := range a { // ERROR "Induction variable with minimum 0 and increment 1" a[i+1] = i a[i+1] = i // ERROR "Proved IsInBounds$" } @@ -464,8 +464,7 @@ func f16(s []int) []int { } func f17(b []int) { - for i := 0; i < len(b); i++ { - useSlice(b[i:]) // Learns i <= len + for i := 0; i < len(b); i++ { // ERROR "Induction variable with minimum 0 and increment 1" // This tests for i <= cap, which we can only prove // using the derived relation between len and cap. // This depends on finding the contradiction, since we