go/test/escape2.go

// errorcheck -0 -m -l

// Copyright 2010 The Go Authors.  All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

// Test, using compiler diagnostic flags, that the escape analysis is working.
// Compiles but does not run.  Inlining is disabled.

// escape2n.go contains all the same tests but compiles with -N.

package foo

import (
	"fmt"
	"unsafe"
)

var gxx *int

func foo1(x int) { // ERROR "moved to heap: x"
	gxx = &x // ERROR "&x escapes to heap"
}

func foo2(yy *int) { // ERROR "leaking param: yy"
	gxx = yy
}

func foo3(x int) *int { // ERROR "moved to heap: x"
	return &x // ERROR "&x escapes to heap"
}

type T *T

func foo3b(t T) { // ERROR "leaking param: t"
	*t = t
}

// xx isn't going anywhere, so use of yy is ok
func foo4(xx, yy *int) { // ERROR "xx does not escape" "yy does not escape"
	xx = yy
}

// xx isn't going anywhere, so taking address of yy is ok
func foo5(xx **int, yy *int) { // ERROR "xx does not escape" "yy does not escape"
	xx = &yy // ERROR "&yy does not escape"
}

func foo6(xx **int, yy *int) { // ERROR "xx does not escape" "leaking param: yy"
	*xx = yy
}

func foo7(xx **int, yy *int) { // ERROR "xx does not escape" "yy does not escape"
	**xx = *yy
}

func foo8(xx, yy *int) int { // ERROR "xx does not escape" "yy does not escape"
	xx = yy
	return *xx
}

func foo9(xx, yy *int) *int { // ERROR "leaking param: xx" "leaking param: yy"
	xx = yy
	return xx
}

func foo10(xx, yy *int) { // ERROR "xx does not escape" "yy does not escape"
	*xx = *yy
}

func foo11() int {
	x, y := 0, 42
	xx := &x // ERROR "&x does not escape"
	yy := &y // ERROR "&y does not escape"
	*xx = *yy
	return x
}

var xxx **int

func foo12(yyy **int) { // ERROR "leaking param: yyy"
	xxx = yyy
}

// Must treat yyy as leaking because *yyy leaks, and the escape analysis
// summaries in exported metadata do not distinguish these two cases.
func foo13(yyy **int) { // ERROR "leaking param: yyy"
	*xxx = *yyy
}

func foo14(yyy **int) { // ERROR "yyy does not escape"
	**xxx = **yyy
}

func foo15(yy *int) { // ERROR "moved to heap: yy"
	xxx = &yy // ERROR "&yy escapes to heap"
}

func foo16(yy *int) { // ERROR "leaking param: yy"
	*xxx = yy
}

func foo17(yy *int) { // ERROR "yy does not escape"
	**xxx = *yy
}

func foo18(y int) { // ERROR "moved to heap: "y"
	*xxx = &y // ERROR "&y escapes to heap"
}

func foo19(y int) {
	**xxx = y
}

type Bar struct {
	i  int
	ii *int
}

func NewBar() *Bar {
	return &Bar{42, nil} // ERROR "&Bar literal escapes to heap"
}

func NewBarp(x *int) *Bar { // ERROR "leaking param: x"
	return &Bar{42, x} // ERROR "&Bar literal escapes to heap"
}

func NewBarp2(x *int) *Bar { // ERROR "x does not escape"
	return &Bar{*x, nil} // ERROR "&Bar literal escapes to heap"
}

func (b *Bar) NoLeak() int { // ERROR "b does not escape"
	return *(b.ii)
}

func (b *Bar) Leak() *int { // ERROR "leaking param: b"
	return &b.i // ERROR "&b.i escapes to heap"
}

func (b *Bar) AlsoNoLeak() *int { // ERROR "leaking param b content to result ~r0"
	return b.ii
}

func (b Bar) AlsoLeak() *int { // ERROR "leaking param: b"
	return b.ii
}

func (b Bar) LeaksToo() *int { // ERROR "leaking param: b"
	v := 0    // ERROR "moved to heap: v"
	b.ii = &v // ERROR "&v escapes"
	return b.ii
}

func (b *Bar) LeaksABit() *int { // ERROR "leaking param b content to result ~r0"
	v := 0    // ERROR "moved to heap: v"
	b.ii = &v // ERROR "&v escapes"
	return b.ii
}

func (b Bar) StillNoLeak() int { // ERROR "b does not escape"
	v := 0
	b.ii = &v // ERROR "&v does not escape"
	return b.i
}

func goLeak(b *Bar) { // ERROR "leaking param: b"
	go b.NoLeak()
}

type Bar2 struct {
	i  [12]int
	ii []int
}

func NewBar2() *Bar2 {
	return &Bar2{[12]int{42}, nil} // ERROR "&Bar2 literal escapes to heap"
}

func (b *Bar2) NoLeak() int { // ERROR "b does not escape"
	return b.i[0]
}

func (b *Bar2) Leak() []int { // ERROR "leaking param: b"
	return b.i[:] // ERROR "b.i escapes to heap"
}

func (b *Bar2) AlsoNoLeak() []int { // ERROR "leaking param b content to result ~r0"
	return b.ii[0:1]
}

func (b Bar2) AgainNoLeak() [12]int { // ERROR "b does not escape"
	return b.i
}

func (b *Bar2) LeakSelf() { // ERROR "leaking param: b"
	b.ii = b.i[0:4] // ERROR "b.i escapes to heap"
}

func (b *Bar2) LeakSelf2() { // ERROR "leaking param: b"
	var buf []int
	buf = b.i[0:] // ERROR "b.i escapes to heap"
	b.ii = buf
}

func foo21() func() int {
	x := 42             // ERROR "moved to heap: x"
	return func() int { // ERROR "func literal escapes to heap"
		return x // ERROR "&x escapes to heap"
	}
}

func foo22() int {
	x := 42
	return func() int { // ERROR "func literal does not escape"
		return x
	}()
}

func foo23(x int) func() int { // ERROR "moved to heap: x"
	return func() int { // ERROR "func literal escapes to heap"
		return x // ERROR "&x escapes to heap"
	}
}

func foo23a(x int) func() int { // ERROR "moved to heap: x"
	f := func() int { // ERROR "func literal escapes to heap"
		return x // ERROR "&x escapes to heap"
	}
	return f
}

func foo23b(x int) *(func() int) { // ERROR "moved to heap: x"
	f := func() int { return x } // ERROR "moved to heap: f" "func literal escapes to heap" "&x escapes to heap"
	return &f                    // ERROR "&f escapes to heap"
}

func foo24(x int) int {
	return func() int { // ERROR "func literal does not escape"
		return x
	}()
}

var x *int

func fooleak(xx *int) int { // ERROR "leaking param: xx"
	x = xx
	return *x
}

func foonoleak(xx *int) int { // ERROR "xx does not escape"
	return *x + *xx
}

func foo31(x int) int { // ERROR "moved to heap: x"
	return fooleak(&x) // ERROR "&x escapes to heap"
}

func foo32(x int) int {
	return foonoleak(&x) // ERROR "&x does not escape"
}

type Foo struct {
	xx *int
	x  int
}

var F Foo
var pf *Foo

func (f *Foo) fooleak() { // ERROR "leaking param: f"
	pf = f
}

func (f *Foo) foonoleak() { // ERROR "f does not escape"
	F.x = f.x
}

func (f *Foo) Leak() { // ERROR "leaking param: f"
	f.fooleak()
}

func (f *Foo) NoLeak() { // ERROR "f does not escape"
	f.foonoleak()
}

func foo41(x int) { // ERROR "moved to heap: x"
	F.xx = &x // ERROR "&x escapes to heap"
}

func (f *Foo) foo42(x int) { // ERROR "f does not escape" "moved to heap: x"
	f.xx = &x // ERROR "&x escapes to heap"
}

func foo43(f *Foo, x int) { // ERROR "f does not escape" "moved to heap: x"
	f.xx = &x // ERROR "&x escapes to heap"
}

func foo44(yy *int) { // ERROR "leaking param: yy"
	F.xx = yy
}

func (f *Foo) foo45() { // ERROR "f does not escape"
	F.x = f.x
}

// See foo13 above for explanation of why f leaks.
func (f *Foo) foo46() { // ERROR "leaking param: f"
	F.xx = f.xx
}

func (f *Foo) foo47() { // ERROR "leaking param: f"
	f.xx = &f.x // ERROR "&f.x escapes to heap"
}

var ptrSlice []*int

func foo50(i *int) { // ERROR "leaking param: i"
	ptrSlice[0] = i
}

var ptrMap map[*int]*int

func foo51(i *int) { // ERROR "leaking param: i"
	ptrMap[i] = i
}

func indaddr1(x int) *int { // ERROR "moved to heap: x"
	return &x // ERROR "&x escapes to heap"
}

func indaddr2(x *int) *int { // ERROR "leaking param: x"
	return *&x // ERROR "&x does not escape"
}

func indaddr3(x *int32) *int { // ERROR "leaking param: x"
	return *(**int)(unsafe.Pointer(&x)) // ERROR "&x does not escape"
}

// From package math:

func Float32bits(f float32) uint32 {
	return *(*uint32)(unsafe.Pointer(&f)) // ERROR "&f does not escape"
}

func Float32frombits(b uint32) float32 {
	return *(*float32)(unsafe.Pointer(&b)) // ERROR "&b does not escape"
}

func Float64bits(f float64) uint64 {
	return *(*uint64)(unsafe.Pointer(&f)) // ERROR "&f does not escape"
}

func Float64frombits(b uint64) float64 {
	return *(*float64)(unsafe.Pointer(&b)) // ERROR "&b does not escape"
}

// contrast with
func float64bitsptr(f float64) *uint64 { // ERROR "moved to heap: f"
	return (*uint64)(unsafe.Pointer(&f)) // ERROR "&f escapes to heap"
}

func float64ptrbitsptr(f *float64) *uint64 { // ERROR "leaking param: f"
	return (*uint64)(unsafe.Pointer(f))
}

func typesw(i interface{}) *int { // ERROR "leaking param: i"
	switch val := i.(type) {
	case *int:
		return val
	case *int8:
		v := int(*val) // ERROR "moved to heap: v"
		return &v      // ERROR "&v escapes to heap"
	}
	return nil
}

func exprsw(i *int) *int { // ERROR "leaking param: i"
	switch j := i; *j + 110 {
	case 12:
		return j
	case 42:
		return nil
	}
	return nil

}

// assigning to an array element is like assigning to the array
func foo60(i *int) *int { // ERROR "leaking param: i"
	var a [12]*int
	a[0] = i
	return a[1]
}

func foo60a(i *int) *int { // ERROR "i does not escape"
	var a [12]*int
	a[0] = i
	return nil
}

// assigning to a struct field  is like assigning to the struct
func foo61(i *int) *int { // ERROR "leaking param: i"
	type S struct {
		a, b *int
	}
	var s S
	s.a = i
	return s.b
}

func foo61a(i *int) *int { // ERROR "i does not escape"
	type S struct {
		a, b *int
	}
	var s S
	s.a = i
	return nil
}

// assigning to a struct field is like assigning to the struct but
// here this subtlety is lost, since s.a counts as an assignment to a
// track-losing dereference.
func foo62(i *int) *int { // ERROR "leaking param: i"
	type S struct {
		a, b *int
	}
	s := new(S) // ERROR "new[(]S[)] does not escape"
	s.a = i
	return nil // s.b
}

type M interface {
	M()
}

func foo63(m M) { // ERROR "m does not escape"
}

func foo64(m M) { // ERROR "leaking param: m"
	m.M()
}

func foo64b(m M) { // ERROR "leaking param: m"
	defer m.M()
}

type MV int

func (MV) M() {}

func foo65() {
	var mv MV
	foo63(&mv) // ERROR "&mv does not escape"
}

func foo66() {
	var mv MV  // ERROR "moved to heap: mv"
	foo64(&mv) // ERROR "&mv escapes to heap"
}

func foo67() {
	var mv MV
	foo63(mv)
}

func foo68() {
	var mv MV
	foo64(mv) // escapes but it's an int so irrelevant
}

func foo69(m M) { // ERROR "leaking param: m"
	foo64(m)
}

func foo70(mv1 *MV, m M) { // ERROR "leaking param: mv1" "leaking param: m"
	m = mv1
	foo64(m)
}

func foo71(x *int) []*int { // ERROR "leaking param: x"
	var y []*int
	y = append(y, x)
	return y
}

func foo71a(x int) []*int { // ERROR "moved to heap: x"
	var y []*int
	y = append(y, &x) // ERROR "&x escapes to heap"
	return y
}

func foo72() {
	var x int
	var y [1]*int
	y[0] = &x // ERROR "&x does not escape"
}

func foo72aa() [10]*int {
	var x int // ERROR "moved to heap: x"
	var y [10]*int
	y[0] = &x // ERROR "&x escapes to heap"
	return y
}

func foo72a() {
	var y [10]*int
	for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
		// escapes its scope
		x := i    // ERROR "moved to heap: x"
		y[i] = &x // ERROR "&x escapes to heap"
	}
	return
}

func foo72b() [10]*int {
	var y [10]*int
	for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
		x := i    // ERROR "moved to heap: x"
		y[i] = &x // ERROR "&x escapes to heap"
	}
	return y
}

// issue 2145
func foo73() {
	s := []int{3, 2, 1} // ERROR "\[\]int literal does not escape"
	for _, v := range s {
		vv := v // ERROR "moved to heap: vv"
		// actually just escapes its scope
		defer func() { // ERROR "func literal escapes to heap"
			println(vv) // ERROR "&vv escapes to heap"
		}()
	}
}

func foo74() {
	s := []int{3, 2, 1} // ERROR "\[\]int literal does not escape"
	for _, v := range s {
		vv := v // ERROR "moved to heap: vv"
		// actually just escapes its scope
		fn := func() { // ERROR "func literal escapes to heap"
			println(vv) // ERROR "&vv escapes to heap"
		}
		defer fn()
	}
}

// issue 3975
func foo74b() {
	var array [3]func()
	s := []int{3, 2, 1} // ERROR "\[\]int literal does not escape"
	for i, v := range s {
		vv := v // ERROR "moved to heap: vv"
		// actually just escapes its scope
		array[i] = func() { // ERROR "func literal escapes to heap"
			println(vv) // ERROR "&vv escapes to heap"
		}
	}
}

func myprint(y *int, x ...interface{}) *int { // ERROR "x does not escape" "leaking param: y"
	return y
}

func myprint1(y *int, x ...interface{}) *interface{} { // ERROR "y does not escape" "leaking param: x"
	return &x[0] // ERROR "&x.0. escapes to heap"
}

func foo75(z *int) { // ERROR "z does not escape"
	myprint(z, 1, 2, 3) // ERROR "[.][.][.] argument does not escape"
}

func foo75a(z *int) { // ERROR "z does not escape"
	myprint1(z, 1, 2, 3) // ERROR "[.][.][.] argument does not escape"
}

func foo75esc(z *int) { // ERROR "leaking param: z"
	gxx = myprint(z, 1, 2, 3) // ERROR "[.][.][.] argument does not escape"
}

func foo75aesc(z *int) { // ERROR "z does not escape"
	var ppi **interface{}       // assignments to pointer dereferences lose track
	*ppi = myprint1(z, 1, 2, 3) // ERROR "[.][.][.] argument escapes to heap"
}

func foo76(z *int) { // ERROR "leaking param: z"
	myprint(nil, z) // ERROR "[.][.][.] argument does not escape"
}

func foo76a(z *int) { // ERROR "leaking param: z"
	myprint1(nil, z) // ERROR "[.][.][.] argument does not escape"
}

func foo76b() {
	myprint(nil, 1, 2, 3) // ERROR "[.][.][.] argument does not escape"
}

func foo76c() {
	myprint1(nil, 1, 2, 3) // ERROR "[.][.][.] argument does not escape"
}

func foo76d() {
	defer myprint(nil, 1, 2, 3) // ERROR "[.][.][.] argument does not escape"
}

func foo76e() {
	defer myprint1(nil, 1, 2, 3) // ERROR "[.][.][.] argument does not escape"
}

func foo76f() {
	for {
		// TODO: This one really only escapes its scope, but we don't distinguish yet.
		defer myprint(nil, 1, 2, 3) // ERROR "[.][.][.] argument escapes to heap"
	}
}

func foo76g() {
	for {
		defer myprint1(nil, 1, 2, 3) // ERROR "[.][.][.] argument escapes to heap"
	}
}

func foo77(z []interface{}) { // ERROR "z does not escape"
	myprint(nil, z...) // z does not escape
}

func foo77a(z []interface{}) { // ERROR "z does not escape"
	myprint1(nil, z...)
}

func foo77b(z []interface{}) { // ERROR "leaking param: z"
	var ppi **interface{}
	*ppi = myprint1(nil, z...)
}

func foo78(z int) *int { // ERROR "moved to heap: z"
	return &z // ERROR "&z escapes to heap"
}

func foo78a(z int) *int { // ERROR "moved to heap: z"
	y := &z   // ERROR "&z escapes to heap"
	x := &y   // ERROR "&y does not escape"
	return *x // really return y
}

func foo79() *int {
	return new(int) // ERROR "new[(]int[)] escapes to heap"
}

func foo80() *int {
	var z *int
	for {
		// Really just escapes its scope but we don't distinguish
		z = new(int) // ERROR "new[(]int[)] escapes to heap"
	}
	_ = z
	return nil
}

func foo81() *int {
	for {
		z := new(int) // ERROR "new[(]int[)] does not escape"
		_ = z
	}
	return nil
}

func tee(p *int) (x, y *int) { return p, p } // ERROR "leaking param"

func noop(x, y *int) {} // ERROR "does not escape"

func foo82() {
	var x, y, z int  // ERROR "moved to heap"
	go noop(tee(&z)) // ERROR "&z escapes to heap"
	go noop(&x, &y)  // ERROR "escapes to heap"
	for {
		var u, v, w int     // ERROR "moved to heap"
		defer noop(tee(&u)) // ERROR "&u escapes to heap"
		defer noop(&v, &w)  // ERROR "escapes to heap"
	}
}

type Fooer interface {
	Foo()
}

type LimitedFooer struct {
	Fooer
	N int64
}

func LimitFooer(r Fooer, n int64) Fooer { // ERROR "leaking param: r"
	return &LimitedFooer{r, n} // ERROR "&LimitedFooer literal escapes to heap"
}

func foo90(x *int) map[*int]*int { // ERROR "leaking param: x"
	return map[*int]*int{nil: x} // ERROR "map\[\*int\]\*int literal escapes to heap"
}

func foo91(x *int) map[*int]*int { // ERROR "leaking param: x"
	return map[*int]*int{x: nil} // ERROR "map\[\*int\]\*int literal escapes to heap"
}

func foo92(x *int) [2]*int { // ERROR "leaking param: x"
	return [2]*int{x, nil}
}

// does not leak c
func foo93(c chan *int) *int { // ERROR "c does not escape"
	for v := range c {
		return v
	}
	return nil
}

// does not leak m
func foo94(m map[*int]*int, b bool) *int { // ERROR "m does not escape"
	for k, v := range m {
		if b {
			return k
		}
		return v
	}
	return nil
}

// does leak x
func foo95(m map[*int]*int, x *int) { // ERROR "m does not escape" "leaking param: x"
	m[x] = x
}

// does not leak m
func foo96(m []*int) *int { // ERROR "m does not escape"
	return m[0]
}

// does leak m
func foo97(m [1]*int) *int { // ERROR "leaking param: m"
	return m[0]
}

// does not leak m
func foo98(m map[int]*int) *int { // ERROR "m does not escape"
	return m[0]
}

// does leak m
func foo99(m *[1]*int) []*int { // ERROR "leaking param: m"
	return m[:]
}

// does not leak m
func foo100(m []*int) *int { // ERROR "m does not escape"
	for _, v := range m {
		return v
	}
	return nil
}

// does leak m
func foo101(m [1]*int) *int { // ERROR "leaking param: m"
	for _, v := range m {
		return v
	}
	return nil
}

// does not leak m
func foo101a(m [1]*int) *int { // ERROR "m does not escape"
	for i := range m { // ERROR "moved to heap: i"
		return &i // ERROR "&i escapes to heap"
	}
	return nil
}

// does leak x
func foo102(m []*int, x *int) { // ERROR "m does not escape" "leaking param: x"
	m[0] = x
}

// does not leak x
func foo103(m [1]*int, x *int) { // ERROR "m does not escape" "x does not escape"
	m[0] = x
}

var y []*int

// does not leak x
func foo104(x []*int) { // ERROR "x does not escape"
	copy(y, x)
}

// does not leak x
func foo105(x []*int) { // ERROR "x does not escape"
	_ = append(y, x...)
}

// does leak x
func foo106(x *int) { // ERROR "leaking param: x"
	_ = append(y, x)
}

func foo107(x *int) map[*int]*int { // ERROR "leaking param: x"
	return map[*int]*int{x: nil} // ERROR "map.* literal escapes to heap"
}

func foo108(x *int) map[*int]*int { // ERROR "leaking param: x"
	return map[*int]*int{nil: x} // ERROR "map.* literal escapes to heap"
}

func foo109(x *int) *int { // ERROR "leaking param: x"
	m := map[*int]*int{x: nil} // ERROR "map.* literal does not escape"
	for k, _ := range m {
		return k
	}
	return nil
}

func foo110(x *int) *int { // ERROR "leaking param: x"
	m := map[*int]*int{nil: x} // ERROR "map.* literal does not escape"
	return m[nil]
}

func foo111(x *int) *int { // ERROR "leaking param: x"
	m := []*int{x} // ERROR "\[\]\*int literal does not escape"
	return m[0]
}

func foo112(x *int) *int { // ERROR "leaking param: x"
	m := [1]*int{x}
	return m[0]
}

func foo113(x *int) *int { // ERROR "leaking param: x"
	m := Bar{ii: x}
	return m.ii
}

func foo114(x *int) *int { // ERROR "leaking param: x"
	m := &Bar{ii: x} // ERROR "&Bar literal does not escape"
	return m.ii
}

func foo115(x *int) *int { // ERROR "leaking param: x"
	return (*int)(unsafe.Pointer(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(x)) + 1))
}

func foo116(b bool) *int {
	if b {
		x := 1    // ERROR "moved to heap: x"
		return &x // ERROR "&x escapes to heap"
	} else {
		y := 1    // ERROR "moved to heap: y"
		return &y // ERROR "&y escapes to heap"
	}
	return nil
}

func foo117(unknown func(interface{})) { // ERROR "unknown does not escape"
	x := 1      // ERROR "moved to heap: x"
	unknown(&x) // ERROR "&x escapes to heap"
}

func foo118(unknown func(*int)) { // ERROR "unknown does not escape"
	x := 1      // ERROR "moved to heap: x"
	unknown(&x) // ERROR "&x escapes to heap"
}

func external(*int)

func foo119(x *int) { // ERROR "leaking param: x"
	external(x)
}

func foo120() {
	// formerly exponential time analysis
L1:
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	// use the labels to silence compiler errors
	goto L1
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}

func foo121() {
	for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
		defer myprint(nil, i) // ERROR "[.][.][.] argument escapes to heap"
		go myprint(nil, i)    // ERROR "[.][.][.] argument escapes to heap"
	}
}

// same as foo121 but check across import
func foo121b() {
	for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
		defer fmt.Printf("%d", i) // ERROR "[.][.][.] argument escapes to heap"
		go fmt.Printf("%d", i)    // ERROR "[.][.][.] argument escapes to heap"
	}
}

// a harmless forward jump
func foo122() {
	var i *int

	goto L1
L1:
	i = new(int) // ERROR "new.int. does not escape"
	_ = i
}

// a backward jump, increases loopdepth
func foo123() {
	var i *int

L1:
	i = new(int) // ERROR "new.int. escapes to heap"

	goto L1
	_ = i
}

func foo124(x **int) { // ERROR "x does not escape"
	var i int // ERROR "moved to heap: i"
	p := &i   // ERROR "&i escapes"
	func() {  // ERROR "func literal does not escape"
		*x = p // ERROR "leaking closure reference p"
	}()
}

func foo125(ch chan *int) { // ERROR "does not escape"
	var i int // ERROR "moved to heap"
	p := &i   // ERROR "&i escapes to heap"
	func() {  // ERROR "func literal does not escape"
		ch <- p // ERROR "leaking closure reference p"
	}()
}

func foo126() {
	var px *int // loopdepth 0
	for {
		// loopdepth 1
		var i int // ERROR "moved to heap"
		func() {  // ERROR "func literal does not escape"
			px = &i // ERROR "&i escapes"
		}()
	}
	_ = px
}

var px *int

func foo127() {
	var i int // ERROR "moved to heap: i"
	p := &i   // ERROR "&i escapes to heap"
	q := p
	px = q
}

func foo128() {
	var i int
	p := &i // ERROR "&i does not escape"
	q := p
	_ = q
}

func foo129() {
	var i int // ERROR "moved to heap: i"
	p := &i   // ERROR "&i escapes to heap"
	func() {  // ERROR "func literal does not escape"
		q := p   // ERROR "leaking closure reference p"
		func() { // ERROR "func literal does not escape"
			r := q // ERROR "leaking closure reference q"
			px = r
		}()
	}()
}

func foo130() {
	for {
		var i int // ERROR "moved to heap"
		func() {  // ERROR "func literal does not escape"
			px = &i // ERROR "&i escapes" "leaking closure reference i"
		}()
	}
}

func foo131() {
	var i int // ERROR "moved to heap"
	func() {  // ERROR "func literal does not escape"
		px = &i // ERROR "&i escapes" "leaking closure reference i"
	}()
}

func foo132() {
	var i int   // ERROR "moved to heap"
	go func() { // ERROR "func literal escapes to heap"
		px = &i // ERROR "&i escapes" "leaking closure reference i"
	}()
}

func foo133() {
	var i int      // ERROR "moved to heap"
	defer func() { // ERROR "func literal does not escape"
		px = &i // ERROR "&i escapes" "leaking closure reference i"
	}()
}

func foo134() {
	var i int
	p := &i  // ERROR "&i does not escape"
	func() { // ERROR "func literal does not escape"
		q := p
		func() { // ERROR "func literal does not escape"
			r := q
			_ = r
		}()
	}()
}

func foo135() {
	var i int   // ERROR "moved to heap: i"
	p := &i     // ERROR "&i escapes to heap" "moved to heap: p"
	go func() { // ERROR "func literal escapes to heap"
		q := p   // ERROR "&p escapes to heap"
		func() { // ERROR "func literal does not escape"
			r := q
			_ = r
		}()
	}()
}

func foo136() {
	var i int   // ERROR "moved to heap: i"
	p := &i     // ERROR "&i escapes to heap" "moved to heap: p"
	go func() { // ERROR "func literal escapes to heap"
		q := p   // ERROR "&p escapes to heap" "leaking closure reference p"
		func() { // ERROR "func literal does not escape"
			r := q // ERROR "leaking closure reference q"
			px = r
		}()
	}()
}

func foo137() {
	var i int // ERROR "moved to heap: i"
	p := &i   // ERROR "&i escapes to heap"
	func() {  // ERROR "func literal does not escape"
		q := p      // ERROR "leaking closure reference p" "moved to heap: q"
		go func() { // ERROR "func literal escapes to heap"
			r := q // ERROR "&q escapes to heap"
			_ = r
		}()
	}()
}

func foo138() *byte {
	type T struct {
		x [1]byte
	}
	t := new(T)    // ERROR "new.T. escapes to heap"
	return &t.x[0] // ERROR "&t.x.0. escapes to heap"
}

func foo139() *byte {
	type T struct {
		x struct {
			y byte
		}
	}
	t := new(T)   // ERROR "new.T. escapes to heap"
	return &t.x.y // ERROR "&t.x.y escapes to heap"
}

// issue 4751
func foo140() interface{} {
	type T struct {
		X string
	}
	type U struct {
		X string
		T *T
	}
	t := &T{} // ERROR "&T literal escapes to heap"
	return U{
		X: t.X,
		T: t,
	}
}

//go:noescape

func F1([]byte)

func F2([]byte)

//go:noescape

func F3(x []byte) // ERROR "F3 x does not escape"

func F4(x []byte)

func G() {
	var buf1 [10]byte
	F1(buf1[:]) // ERROR "buf1 does not escape"

	var buf2 [10]byte // ERROR "moved to heap: buf2"
	F2(buf2[:])       // ERROR "buf2 escapes to heap"

	var buf3 [10]byte
	F3(buf3[:]) // ERROR "buf3 does not escape"

	var buf4 [10]byte // ERROR "moved to heap: buf4"
	F4(buf4[:])       // ERROR "buf4 escapes to heap"
}

type Tm struct {
	x int
}

func (t *Tm) M() { // ERROR "t does not escape"
}

func foo141() {
	var f func()

	t := new(Tm) // ERROR "escapes to heap"
	f = t.M      // ERROR "t.M does not escape"
	_ = f
}

var gf func()

func foo142() {
	t := new(Tm) // ERROR "escapes to heap"
	gf = t.M     // ERROR "t.M escapes to heap"
}

// issue 3888.
func foo143() {
	for i := 0; i < 1000; i++ {
		func() { // ERROR "func literal does not escape"
			for i := 0; i < 1; i++ {
				var t Tm
				t.M() // ERROR "t does not escape"
			}
		}()
	}
}

// issue 5773
// Check that annotations take effect regardless of whether they
// are before or after the use in the source code.

//go:noescape

func foo144a(*int)

func foo144() {
	var x int
	foo144a(&x) // ERROR "&x does not escape"
	var y int
	foo144b(&y) // ERROR "&y does not escape"
}

//go:noescape

func foo144b(*int)

// issue 7313: for loop init should not be treated as "in loop"

type List struct {
	Next *List
}

func foo145(l List) { // ERROR "l does not escape"
	var p *List
	for p = &l; p.Next != nil; p = p.Next { // ERROR "&l does not escape"
	}
}

func foo146(l List) { // ERROR "l does not escape"
	var p *List
	p = &l // ERROR "&l does not escape"
	for ; p.Next != nil; p = p.Next {
	}
}

func foo147(l List) { // ERROR "l does not escape"
	var p *List
	p = &l // ERROR "&l does not escape"
	for p.Next != nil {
		p = p.Next
	}
}

func foo148(l List) { // ERROR " l does not escape"
	for p := &l; p.Next != nil; p = p.Next { // ERROR "&l does not escape"
	}
}

// related: address of variable should have depth of variable, not of loop

func foo149(l List) { // ERROR " l does not escape"
	var p *List
	for {
		for p = &l; p.Next != nil; p = p.Next { // ERROR "&l does not escape"
		}
	}
}

// issue 7934: missed ... if element type had no pointers

var save150 []byte

func foo150(x ...byte) { // ERROR "leaking param: x"
	save150 = x
}

func bar150() {
	foo150(1, 2, 3) // ERROR "[.][.][.] argument escapes to heap"
}

// issue 7931: bad handling of slice of array

var save151 *int

func foo151(x *int) { // ERROR "leaking param: x"
	save151 = x
}

func bar151() {
	var a [64]int // ERROR "moved to heap: a"
	a[4] = 101
	foo151(&(&a)[4:8][0]) // ERROR "&\(&a\)\[4:8\]\[0\] escapes to heap" "&a escapes to heap"
}

func bar151b() {
	var a [10]int      // ERROR "moved to heap: a"
	b := a[:]          // ERROR "a escapes to heap"
	foo151(&b[4:8][0]) // ERROR "&b\[4:8\]\[0\] escapes to heap"
}

func bar151c() {
	var a [64]int // ERROR "moved to heap: a"
	a[4] = 101
	foo151(&(&a)[4:8:8][0]) // ERROR "&\(&a\)\[4:8:8\]\[0\] escapes to heap" "&a escapes to heap"
}

func bar151d() {
	var a [10]int        // ERROR "moved to heap: a"
	b := a[:]            // ERROR "a escapes to heap"
	foo151(&b[4:8:8][0]) // ERROR "&b\[4:8:8\]\[0\] escapes to heap"
}

// issue 8120

type U struct {
	s *string
}

func (u *U) String() *string { // ERROR "leaking param u content to result ~r0"
	return u.s
}

type V struct {
	s *string
}

func NewV(u U) *V { // ERROR "leaking param: u"
	return &V{u.String()} // ERROR "&V literal escapes to heap" "u does not escape"
}

func foo152() {
	a := "a"   // ERROR "moved to heap: a"
	u := U{&a} // ERROR "&a escapes to heap"
	v := NewV(u)
	println(v)
}

// issue 8176 - &x in type switch body not marked as escaping

func foo153(v interface{}) *int { // ERROR "leaking param: v"
	switch x := v.(type) {
	case int: // ERROR "moved to heap: x"
		return &x // ERROR "&x escapes to heap"
	}
	panic(0)
}

// issue 8185 - &result escaping into result

func f() (x int, y *int) { // ERROR "moved to heap: x"
	y = &x // ERROR "&x escapes to heap"
	return
}

func g() (x interface{}) { // ERROR "moved to heap: x"
	x = &x // ERROR "&x escapes to heap"
	return
}

var sink interface{}

type Lit struct {
	p *int
}

func ptrlitNoescape() {
	// Both literal and element do not escape.
	i := 0
	x := &Lit{&i} // ERROR "&Lit literal does not escape" "&i does not escape"
	_ = x
}

func ptrlitNoEscape2() {
	// Literal does not escape, but element does.
	i := 0 // ERROR "moved to heap: i"
	x := &Lit{&i} // ERROR "&Lit literal does not escape" "&i escapes to heap"
	sink = *x
}

func ptrlitEscape() {
	// Both literal and element escape.
	i := 0 // ERROR "moved to heap: i"
	x := &Lit{&i} // ERROR "&Lit literal escapes to heap" "&i escapes to heap"
	sink = x
}

// self-assignments

type Buffer struct {
	arr  [64]byte
	buf1 []byte
	buf2 []byte
	str1 string
	str2 string
}

func (b *Buffer) foo() { // ERROR "b does not escape"
	b.buf1 = b.buf1[1:2]   // ERROR "ignoring self-assignment to b.buf1"
	b.buf1 = b.buf1[1:2:3] // ERROR "ignoring self-assignment to b.buf1"
	b.buf1 = b.buf2[1:2]   // ERROR "ignoring self-assignment to b.buf1"
	b.buf1 = b.buf2[1:2:3] // ERROR "ignoring self-assignment to b.buf1"
}

func (b *Buffer) bar() { // ERROR "leaking param: b"
	b.buf1 = b.arr[1:2] // ERROR "b.arr escapes to heap"
}

func (b *Buffer) baz() { // ERROR "b does not escape"
	b.str1 = b.str1[1:2] // ERROR "ignoring self-assignment to b.str1"
	b.str1 = b.str2[1:2] // ERROR "ignoring self-assignment to b.str1"
}

func (b *Buffer) bat() { // ERROR "leaking param: b"
	o := new(Buffer) // ERROR "new\(Buffer\) escapes to heap"
	o.buf1 = b.buf1[1:2]
	sink = o
}

func quux(sp *string, bp *[]byte) { // ERROR "sp does not escape" "bp does not escape"
	*sp = (*sp)[1:2] // ERROR "quux ignoring self-assignment to \*sp"
	*bp = (*bp)[1:2] // ERROR "quux ignoring self-assignment to \*bp"
}