dart-sdk/sdk/lib/internal/iterable.dart

// Copyright (c) 2011, the Dart project authors.  Please see the AUTHORS file
// for details. All rights reserved. Use of this source code is governed by a
// BSD-style license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

part of dart._internal;

/**
 * Marker interface for [Iterable] subclasses that have an efficient
 * [length] implementation.
 */
abstract class EfficientLength {
  /**
   * Returns the number of elements in the iterable.
   *
   * This is an efficient operation that doesn't require iterating through
   * the elements.
   */
  int get length;
}

/**
 * An [Iterable] for classes that have efficient [length] and [elementAt].
 *
 * All other methods are implemented in terms of [length] and [elementAt],
 * including [iterator].
 */
abstract class ListIterable<E> extends Iterable<E>
                               implements EfficientLength {
  int get length;
  E elementAt(int i);

  const ListIterable();

  Iterator<E> get iterator => new ListIterator<E>(this);

  void forEach(void action(E element)) {
    int length = this.length;
    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
      action(elementAt(i));
      if (length != this.length) {
        throw new ConcurrentModificationError(this);
      }
    }
  }

  bool get isEmpty => length == 0;

  E get first {
    if (length == 0) throw IterableElementError.noElement();
    return elementAt(0);
  }

  E get last {
    if (length == 0) throw IterableElementError.noElement();
    return elementAt(length - 1);
  }

  E get single {
    if (length == 0) throw IterableElementError.noElement();
    if (length > 1) throw IterableElementError.tooMany();
    return elementAt(0);
  }

  bool contains(Object element) {
    int length = this.length;
    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
      if (elementAt(i) == element) return true;
      if (length != this.length) {
        throw new ConcurrentModificationError(this);
      }
    }
    return false;
  }

  bool every(bool test(E element)) {
    int length = this.length;
    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
      if (!test(elementAt(i))) return false;
      if (length != this.length) {
        throw new ConcurrentModificationError(this);
      }
    }
    return true;
  }

  bool any(bool test(E element)) {
    int length = this.length;
    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
      if (test(elementAt(i))) return true;
      if (length != this.length) {
        throw new ConcurrentModificationError(this);
      }
    }
    return false;
  }

  E firstWhere(bool test(E element), { E orElse() }) {
    int length = this.length;
    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
      E element = elementAt(i);
      if (test(element)) return element;
      if (length != this.length) {
        throw new ConcurrentModificationError(this);
      }
    }
    if (orElse != null) return orElse();
    throw IterableElementError.noElement();
  }

  E lastWhere(bool test(E element), { E orElse() }) {
    int length = this.length;
    for (int i = length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
      E element = elementAt(i);
      if (test(element)) return element;
      if (length != this.length) {
        throw new ConcurrentModificationError(this);
      }
    }
    if (orElse != null) return orElse();
    throw IterableElementError.noElement();
  }

  E singleWhere(bool test(E element)) {
    int length = this.length;
    E match = null;
    bool matchFound = false;
    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
      E element = elementAt(i);
      if (test(element)) {
        if (matchFound) {
          throw IterableElementError.tooMany();
        }
        matchFound = true;
        match = element;
      }
      if (length != this.length) {
        throw new ConcurrentModificationError(this);
      }
    }
    if (matchFound) return match;
    throw IterableElementError.noElement();
  }

  String join([String separator = ""]) {
    int length = this.length;
    if (!separator.isEmpty) {
      if (length == 0) return "";
      String first = "${elementAt(0)}";
      if (length != this.length) {
        throw new ConcurrentModificationError(this);
      }
      StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer(first);
      for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
        buffer.write(separator);
        buffer.write(elementAt(i));
        if (length != this.length) {
          throw new ConcurrentModificationError(this);
        }
      }
      return buffer.toString();
    } else {
      StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
      for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
        buffer.write(elementAt(i));
        if (length != this.length) {
          throw new ConcurrentModificationError(this);
        }
      }
      return buffer.toString();
    }
  }

  Iterable<E> where(bool test(E element)) => super.where(test);

  Iterable map(f(E element)) => new MappedListIterable(this, f);

  E reduce(E combine(var value, E element)) {
    int length = this.length;
    if (length == 0) throw IterableElementError.noElement();
    E value = elementAt(0);
    for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
      value = combine(value, elementAt(i));
      if (length != this.length) {
        throw new ConcurrentModificationError(this);
      }

    }
    return value;
  }

  fold(var initialValue, combine(var previousValue, E element)) {
    var value = initialValue;
    int length = this.length;
    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
      value = combine(value, elementAt(i));
      if (length != this.length) {
        throw new ConcurrentModificationError(this);
      }
    }
    return value;
  }

  Iterable<E> skip(int count) => new SubListIterable<E>(this, count, null);

  Iterable<E> skipWhile(bool test(E element)) => super.skipWhile(test);

  Iterable<E> take(int count) => new SubListIterable<E>(this, 0, count);

  Iterable<E> takeWhile(bool test(E element)) => super.takeWhile(test);

  List<E> toList({ bool growable: true }) {
    List<E> result;
    if (growable) {
      result = new List<E>()..length = length;
    } else {
      result = new List<E>(length);
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
      result[i] = elementAt(i);
    }
    return result;
  }

  Set<E> toSet() {
    Set<E> result = new Set<E>();
    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
      result.add(elementAt(i));
    }
    return result;
  }
}

class SubListIterable<E> extends ListIterable<E> {
  final Iterable<E> _iterable;  // Has efficient length and elementAt.
  final int _start;
  /** If null, represents the length of the iterable. */
  final int _endOrLength;

  SubListIterable(this._iterable, this._start, this._endOrLength) {
    RangeError.checkNotNegative(_start, "start");
    if (_endOrLength != null) {
      RangeError.checkNotNegative(_endOrLength, "end");
      if (_start > _endOrLength) {
        throw new RangeError.range(_start, 0, _endOrLength, "start");
      }
    }
  }

  int get _endIndex {
    int length = _iterable.length;
    if (_endOrLength == null || _endOrLength > length) return length;
    return _endOrLength;
  }

  int get _startIndex {
    int length = _iterable.length;
    if (_start > length) return length;
    return _start;
  }

  int get length {
    int length = _iterable.length;
    if (_start >= length) return 0;
    if (_endOrLength == null || _endOrLength >= length) {
      return length - _start;
    }
    return _endOrLength - _start;
  }

  E elementAt(int index) {
    int realIndex = _startIndex + index;
    if (index < 0 || realIndex >= _endIndex) {
      throw new RangeError.index(index, this, "index");
    }
    return _iterable.elementAt(realIndex);
  }

  Iterable<E> skip(int count) {
    RangeError.checkNotNegative(count, "count");
    int newStart = _start + count;
    if (_endOrLength != null && newStart >= _endOrLength) {
      return new EmptyIterable<E>();
    }
    return new SubListIterable<E>(_iterable, newStart, _endOrLength);
  }

  Iterable<E> take(int count) {
    RangeError.checkNotNegative(count, "count");
    if (_endOrLength == null) {
      return new SubListIterable<E>(_iterable, _start, _start + count);
    } else {
      int newEnd = _start + count;
      if (_endOrLength < newEnd) return this;
      return new SubListIterable<E>(_iterable, _start, newEnd);
    }
  }

  List<E> toList({bool growable: true}) {
    int start = _start;
    int end = _iterable.length;
    if (_endOrLength != null && _endOrLength < end) end = _endOrLength;
    int length = end - start;
    if (length < 0) length = 0;
    List result = growable ? (new List<E>()..length = length)
                           : new List<E>(length);
    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
      result[i] = _iterable.elementAt(start + i);
      if (_iterable.length < end) throw new ConcurrentModificationError(this);
    }
    return result;
  }
}

/**
 * An [Iterator] that iterates a list-like [Iterable].
 *
 * All iterations is done in terms of [Iterable.length] and
 * [Iterable.elementAt]. These operations are fast for list-like
 * iterables.
 */
class ListIterator<E> implements Iterator<E> {
  final Iterable<E> _iterable;
  final int _length;
  int _index;
  E _current;

  ListIterator(Iterable<E> iterable)
      : _iterable = iterable, _length = iterable.length, _index = 0;

  E get current => _current;

  bool moveNext() {
    int length = _iterable.length;
    if (_length != length) {
      throw new ConcurrentModificationError(_iterable);
    }
    if (_index >= length) {
      _current = null;
      return false;
    }
    _current = _iterable.elementAt(_index);
    _index++;
    return true;
  }
}

typedef T _Transformation<S, T>(S value);

class MappedIterable<S, T> extends Iterable<T> {
  final Iterable<S> _iterable;
  final _Transformation<S, T> _f;

  factory MappedIterable(Iterable iterable, T function(S value)) {
    if (iterable is EfficientLength) {
      return new EfficientLengthMappedIterable<S, T>(iterable, function);
    }
    return new MappedIterable<S, T>._(iterable, function);
  }

  MappedIterable._(this._iterable, T this._f(S element));

  Iterator<T> get iterator => new MappedIterator<S, T>(_iterable.iterator, _f);

  // Length related functions are independent of the mapping.
  int get length => _iterable.length;
  bool get isEmpty => _iterable.isEmpty;

  // Index based lookup can be done before transforming.
  T get first => _f(_iterable.first);
  T get last => _f(_iterable.last);
  T get single => _f(_iterable.single);
  T elementAt(int index) => _f(_iterable.elementAt(index));
}

class EfficientLengthMappedIterable<S, T> extends MappedIterable<S, T>
                                          implements EfficientLength {
  EfficientLengthMappedIterable(Iterable iterable, T function(S value))
      : super._(iterable, function);
}

class MappedIterator<S, T> extends Iterator<T> {
  T _current;
  final Iterator<S> _iterator;
  final _Transformation<S, T> _f;

  MappedIterator(this._iterator, T this._f(S element));

  bool moveNext() {
    if (_iterator.moveNext()) {
      _current = _f(_iterator.current);
      return true;
    }
    _current = null;
    return false;
  }

  T get current => _current;
}

/**
 * Specialized alternative to [MappedIterable] for mapped [List]s.
 *
 * Expects efficient `length` and `elementAt` on the source iterable.
 */
class MappedListIterable<S, T> extends ListIterable<T>
                               implements EfficientLength {
  final Iterable<S> _source;
  final _Transformation<S, T> _f;

  MappedListIterable(this._source, T this._f(S value));

  int get length => _source.length;
  T elementAt(int index) => _f(_source.elementAt(index));
}


typedef bool _ElementPredicate<E>(E element);

class WhereIterable<E> extends Iterable<E> {
  final Iterable<E> _iterable;
  final _ElementPredicate _f;

  WhereIterable(this._iterable, bool this._f(E element));

  Iterator<E> get iterator => new WhereIterator<E>(_iterable.iterator, _f);
}

class WhereIterator<E> extends Iterator<E> {
  final Iterator<E> _iterator;
  final _ElementPredicate _f;

  WhereIterator(this._iterator, bool this._f(E element));

  bool moveNext() {
    while (_iterator.moveNext()) {
      if (_f(_iterator.current)) {
        return true;
      }
    }
    return false;
  }

  E get current => _iterator.current;
}

typedef Iterable<T> _ExpandFunction<S, T>(S sourceElement);

class ExpandIterable<S, T> extends Iterable<T> {
  final Iterable<S> _iterable;
  final _ExpandFunction _f;

  ExpandIterable(this._iterable, Iterable<T> this._f(S element));

  Iterator<T> get iterator => new ExpandIterator<S, T>(_iterable.iterator, _f);
}

class ExpandIterator<S, T> implements Iterator<T> {
  final Iterator<S> _iterator;
  final _ExpandFunction _f;
  // Initialize _currentExpansion to an empty iterable. A null value
  // marks the end of iteration, and we don't want to call _f before
  // the first moveNext call.
  Iterator<T> _currentExpansion = const EmptyIterator();
  T _current;

  ExpandIterator(this._iterator, Iterable<T> this._f(S element));

  void _nextExpansion() {
  }

  T get current => _current;

  bool moveNext() {
    if (_currentExpansion == null) return false;
    while (!_currentExpansion.moveNext()) {
      _current = null;
      if (_iterator.moveNext()) {
        // If _f throws, this ends iteration. Otherwise _currentExpansion and
        // _current will be set again below.
        _currentExpansion = null;
        _currentExpansion = _f(_iterator.current).iterator;
      } else {
        return false;
      }
    }
    _current = _currentExpansion.current;
    return true;
  }
}

class TakeIterable<E> extends Iterable<E> {
  final Iterable<E> _iterable;
  final int _takeCount;

  factory TakeIterable(Iterable<E> iterable, int takeCount) {
    if (takeCount is! int || takeCount < 0) {
      throw new ArgumentError(takeCount);
    }
    if (iterable is EfficientLength) {
      return new EfficientLengthTakeIterable<E>(iterable, takeCount);
    }
    return new TakeIterable<E>._(iterable, takeCount);
  }

  TakeIterable._(this._iterable, this._takeCount);

  Iterator<E> get iterator {
    return new TakeIterator<E>(_iterable.iterator, _takeCount);
  }
}

class EfficientLengthTakeIterable<E> extends TakeIterable<E>
                                     implements EfficientLength {
  EfficientLengthTakeIterable(Iterable<E> iterable, int takeCount)
      : super._(iterable, takeCount);

  int get length {
    int iterableLength = _iterable.length;
    if (iterableLength > _takeCount) return _takeCount;
    return iterableLength;
  }
}


class TakeIterator<E> extends Iterator<E> {
  final Iterator<E> _iterator;
  int _remaining;

  TakeIterator(this._iterator, this._remaining) {
    assert(_remaining is int && _remaining >= 0);
  }

  bool moveNext() {
    _remaining--;
    if (_remaining >= 0) {
      return _iterator.moveNext();
    }
    _remaining = -1;
    return false;
  }

  E get current {
    if (_remaining < 0) return null;
    return _iterator.current;
  }
}

class TakeWhileIterable<E> extends Iterable<E> {
  final Iterable<E> _iterable;
  final _ElementPredicate _f;

  TakeWhileIterable(this._iterable, bool this._f(E element));

  Iterator<E> get iterator {
    return new TakeWhileIterator<E>(_iterable.iterator, _f);
  }
}

class TakeWhileIterator<E> extends Iterator<E> {
  final Iterator<E> _iterator;
  final _ElementPredicate _f;
  bool _isFinished = false;

  TakeWhileIterator(this._iterator, bool this._f(E element));

  bool moveNext() {
    if (_isFinished) return false;
    if (!_iterator.moveNext() || !_f(_iterator.current)) {
      _isFinished = true;
      return false;
    }
    return true;
  }

  E get current {
    if (_isFinished) return null;
    return _iterator.current;
  }
}

class SkipIterable<E> extends Iterable<E> {
  final Iterable<E> _iterable;
  final int _skipCount;

  factory SkipIterable(Iterable<E> iterable, int count) {
    if (iterable is EfficientLength) {
      return new EfficientLengthSkipIterable<E>(iterable, count);
    }
    return new SkipIterable<E>._(iterable, count);
  }

  SkipIterable._(this._iterable, this._skipCount) {
    if (_skipCount is! int) {
      throw new ArgumentError.value(_skipCount, "count is not an integer");
    }
    RangeError.checkNotNegative(_skipCount, "count");
  }

  Iterable<E> skip(int count) {
    if (_skipCount is! int) {
      throw new ArgumentError.value(_skipCount, "count is not an integer");
    }
    RangeError.checkNotNegative(_skipCount, "count");
    return new SkipIterable<E>._(_iterable, _skipCount + count);
  }

  Iterator<E> get iterator {
    return new SkipIterator<E>(_iterable.iterator, _skipCount);
  }
}

class EfficientLengthSkipIterable<E> extends SkipIterable<E>
                                     implements EfficientLength {
  EfficientLengthSkipIterable(Iterable<E> iterable, int skipCount)
      : super._(iterable, skipCount);

  int get length {
    int length = _iterable.length - _skipCount;
    if (length >= 0) return length;
    return 0;
  }
}

class SkipIterator<E> extends Iterator<E> {
  final Iterator<E> _iterator;
  int _skipCount;

  SkipIterator(this._iterator, this._skipCount) {
    assert(_skipCount is int && _skipCount >= 0);
  }

  bool moveNext() {
    for (int i = 0; i < _skipCount; i++) _iterator.moveNext();
    _skipCount = 0;
    return _iterator.moveNext();
  }

  E get current => _iterator.current;
}

class SkipWhileIterable<E> extends Iterable<E> {
  final Iterable<E> _iterable;
  final _ElementPredicate _f;

  SkipWhileIterable(this._iterable, bool this._f(E element));

  Iterator<E> get iterator {
    return new SkipWhileIterator<E>(_iterable.iterator, _f);
  }
}

class SkipWhileIterator<E> extends Iterator<E> {
  final Iterator<E> _iterator;
  final _ElementPredicate _f;
  bool _hasSkipped = false;

  SkipWhileIterator(this._iterator, bool this._f(E element));

  bool moveNext() {
    if (!_hasSkipped) {
      _hasSkipped = true;
      while (_iterator.moveNext()) {
        if (!_f(_iterator.current)) return true;
      }
    }
    return _iterator.moveNext();
  }

  E get current => _iterator.current;
}

/**
 * The always empty [Iterable].
 */
class EmptyIterable<E> extends Iterable<E> implements EfficientLength {
  const EmptyIterable();

  Iterator<E> get iterator => const EmptyIterator();

  void forEach(void action(E element)) {}

  bool get isEmpty => true;

  int get length => 0;

  E get first { throw IterableElementError.noElement(); }

  E get last { throw IterableElementError.noElement(); }

  E get single { throw IterableElementError.noElement(); }

  E elementAt(int index) { throw new RangeError.range(index, 0, 0, "index"); }

  bool contains(Object element) => false;

  bool every(bool test(E element)) => true;

  bool any(bool test(E element)) => false;

  E firstWhere(bool test(E element), { E orElse() }) {
    if (orElse != null) return orElse();
    throw IterableElementError.noElement();
  }

  E lastWhere(bool test(E element), { E orElse() }) {
    if (orElse != null) return orElse();
    throw IterableElementError.noElement();
  }

  E singleWhere(bool test(E element), { E orElse() }) {
    if (orElse != null) return orElse();
    throw IterableElementError.noElement();
  }

  String join([String separator = ""]) => "";

  Iterable<E> where(bool test(E element)) => this;

  Iterable map(f(E element)) => const EmptyIterable();

  E reduce(E combine(E value, E element)) {
    throw IterableElementError.noElement();
  }

  fold(var initialValue, combine(var previousValue, E element)) {
    return initialValue;
  }

  Iterable<E> skip(int count) {
    RangeError.checkNotNegative(count, "count");
    return this;
  }

  Iterable<E> skipWhile(bool test(E element)) => this;

  Iterable<E> take(int count) {
    RangeError.checkNotNegative(count, "count");
    return this;
  }

  Iterable<E> takeWhile(bool test(E element)) => this;

  List toList({ bool growable: true }) => growable ? <E>[] : new List<E>(0);

  Set toSet() => new Set<E>();
}

/** The always empty iterator. */
class EmptyIterator<E> implements Iterator<E> {
  const EmptyIterator();
  bool moveNext() => false;
  E get current => null;
}

/** An [Iterator] that can move in both directions. */
abstract class BidirectionalIterator<T> implements Iterator<T> {
  bool movePrevious();
}


/**
 * Creates errors throw by [Iterable] when the element count is wrong.
 */
abstract class IterableElementError {
  /** Error thrown thrown by, e.g., [Iterable.first] when there is no result. */
  static StateError noElement() => new StateError("No element");
  /** Error thrown by, e.g., [Iterable.single] if there are too many results. */
  static StateError tooMany() => new StateError("Too many elements");
  /** Error thrown by, e.g., [List.setRange] if there are too few elements. */
  static StateError tooFew() => new StateError("Too few elements");
}