diff --git a/pkg/dart2wasm/lib/intrinsics.dart b/pkg/dart2wasm/lib/intrinsics.dart
index d4b2b8fa8d2..98296bfac71 100644
--- a/pkg/dart2wasm/lib/intrinsics.dart
+++ b/pkg/dart2wasm/lib/intrinsics.dart
@@ -313,9 +313,11 @@ class Intrinsifier {
         }
       }
       if (constIndex != null) {
-        ListConstant list = receiver.constant as ListConstant;
-        Expression element = ConstantExpression(list.entries[constIndex]);
-        return codeGen.wrap(element, typeOfExp(element));
+        final entries = (receiver.constant as ListConstant).entries;
+        if (0 <= constIndex && constIndex < entries.length) {
+          Expression element = ConstantExpression(entries[constIndex]);
+          return codeGen.wrap(element, typeOfExp(element));
+        }
       }
 
       return null;
diff --git a/tests/corelib/regress_55817_test.dart b/tests/corelib/regress_55817_test.dart
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8a477092868
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/corelib/regress_55817_test.dart
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2024, the Dart project authors.  Please see the AUTHORS file
+// for details. All rights reserved. Use of this source code is governed by a
+// BSD-style license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+import "package:expect/expect.dart";
+
+int foo(bool returnA0, List<int> a, [List<int> b = const []]) {
+  return returnA0 ? a[0] : b[0];
+}
+
+main() {
+  Expect.equals(42, foo(true, const [42]));
+  Expect.throws(() => foo(false, const [42]), (e) => e is RangeError);
+}