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Add more data to the analyzer tutorial

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Change-Id: I790881ebe1da3def1916fbdaa97152e8279d4e73
Reviewed-on: https://dart-review.googlesource.com/c/sdk/+/137340
Reviewed-by: Konstantin Shcheglov <scheglov@google.com>
Commit-Queue: Brian Wilkerson <brianwilkerson@google.com>
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Brian Wilkerson 2020-02-26 22:06:51 +00:00 committed by commit-bot@chromium.org
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pkg/analyzer/doc/tutorial/analysis.md
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This document explains how to use the analyzer package to analyze Dart code.
## Conceptual Model
The analysis of Dart code depends on a set of metadata (data outside the code
being analyzed). An _analysis context_ is a representation of a set of code that
should be analyzed using the same sources of metadata (same package_spec.json
file, same analysis options file, etc.). That set of code typically corresponds
to a package.
Despite the fact that the analyzer APIs do not support its use in an incremental
system, it is used that way by the analysis server, and that fact has influenced
the design of those APIs.
Specifically, in an incremental system the metadata can change over time.
Analysis results obtained with one state of the metadata won't necessarily be
consistent with results obtained with a different state of the metadata. Clients
that need to work in an incremental environment need to know whether the results
are consistent. (Clients that aren't running in an incremental environment can
typically ignore this complication.)
An _analysis session_ provides a way for clients to know when newly requested
results would be inconsistent with previously requested results. Each analysis
session is associated with a single analysis context and represents a specific
state of the metadata for that context. An instance of
`InconsistentAnalysisException` is thrown by a session if the state of the
metadata has changed since the session was created. This prevents clients from
getting results that would be inconsistent.
## Configuring the Contexts
If you want to use the analyzer package to analyze one or more files, then you