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Building a Python Mac OS X distribution ======================================= The ``build-install.py`` script creates Python distributions, including certain third-party libraries as necessary. It builds a complete framework-based Python out-of-tree, installs it in a funny place with $DESTROOT, massages that installation to remove .pyc files and such, creates an Installer package from the installation plus other files in ``resources`` and ``scripts`` and placed that on a ``.dmg`` disk image. As of Python 2.7.x and 3.2, PSF practice is to build two installer variants for each release: 1. 32-bit-only, i386 and PPC universal, capable on running on all machines supported by Mac OS X 10.3.9 through (at least) 10.6:: python build-installer.py \ --sdk-path=/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.4u.sdk \ --universal-archs=32-bit \ --dep-target=10.3 # These are the current default options - builds the following third-party libraries * Bzip2 * Zlib 1.2.3 * GNU Readline (GPL) * SQLite 3 * NCurses * Oracle Sleepycat DB 4.8 (Python 2.x only) - requires ActiveState ``Tcl/Tk 8.4`` (currently 8.4.19) to be installed for building - current target build environment: * Mac OS X 10.5.8 PPC or Intel * Xcode 3.1.4 (or later) * ``MacOSX10.4u`` SDK (later SDKs do not support PPC G3 processors) * ``MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=10.3`` * Apple ``gcc-4.0`` * Python 2.n (n >= 4) for documentation build with Sphinx - alternate build environments: * Mac OS X 10.4.11 with Xcode 2.5 * Mac OS X 10.6.6 with Xcode 3.2.5 - need to change ``/System/Library/Frameworks/{Tcl,Tk}.framework/Version/Current`` to ``8.4`` 2. 64-bit / 32-bit, x86_64 and i386 universal, for OS X 10.6 (and later):: python build-installer.py \ --sdk-path=/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.6.sdk \ --universal-archs=intel \ --dep-target=10.6 - uses system-supplied versions of third-party libraries * readline module links with Apple BSD editline (libedit) * builds Oracle Sleepycat DB 4.8 (Python 2.x only) - requires ActiveState Tcl/Tk 8.5.9 (or later) to be installed for building - current target build environment: * Mac OS X 10.6.6 (or later) * Xcode 3.2.5 (or later) * ``MacOSX10.6`` SDK * ``MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=10.6`` * Apple ``gcc-4.2`` * Python 2.n (n >= 4) for documentation build with Sphinx - alternate build environments: * none General Prerequisites --------------------- * No Fink (in ``/sw``) or MacPorts (in ``/opt/local``) or other local libraries or utilities (in ``/usr/local``) as they could interfere with the build. * The documentation for the release is built using Sphinx because it is included in the installer. * It is safest to start each variant build with an empty source directory populated with a fresh copy of the untarred source. The Recipe ---------- Here are the steps you need to follow to build a Python installer: * Run ``build-installer.py``. Optionally you can pass a number of arguments to specify locations of various files. Please see the top of ``build-installer.py`` for its usage. Running this script takes some time, it will not only build Python itself but also some 3th-party libraries that are needed for extensions. * When done the script will tell you where the DMG image is (by default somewhere in ``/tmp/_py``). Building other universal installers ................................... It is also possible to build a 4-way universal installer that runs on OS X Leopard or later:: python 2.6 /build-installer.py \ --dep-target=10.5 --universal-archs=all --sdk-path=/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.5.sdk This requires that the deployment target is 10.5, and hence also that you are building on at least OS X 10.5. 4-way includes ``i386``, ``x86_64``, ``ppc``, and ``ppc64`` (G5). ``ppc64`` executable variants can only be run on G5 machines running 10.5. Note that, while OS X 10.6 is only supported on Intel-based machines, it is possible to run ``ppc`` (32-bit) executables unmodified thanks to the Rosetta ppc emulation in OS X 10.5 and 10.6. Other ``--universal-archs`` options are ``64-bit`` (``x86_64``, ``ppc64``), and ``3-way`` (``ppc``, ``i386``, ``x86_64``). None of these options are regularly exercised; use at your own risk. Testing ------- Ideally, the resulting binaries should be installed and the test suite run on all supported OS X releases and architectures. As a practical matter, that is generally not possible. At a minimum, variant 1 should be run on at least one Intel, one PPC G4, and one PPC G3 system and one each of OS X 10.6, 10.5, 10.4, and 10.3.9. Not all tests run on 10.3.9. Variant 2 should be run on 10.6 in both 32-bit and 64-bit modes.:: arch -i386 /usr/local/bin/pythonn.n -m test.regrtest -w -u all arch -X86_64 /usr/local/bin/pythonn.n -m test.regrtest -w -u all Certain tests will be skipped and some cause the interpreter to fail which will likely generate ``Python quit unexpectedly`` alert messages to be generated at several points during a test run. These can be ignored.