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Content adapted from https://devguide.python.org/development-tools/gdb/# and https://wiki.python.org/moin/DebuggingWithGdb. The original content on the Wiki page came from gdb debug help used by the Launchpad (https://launchpad.net/) team. Thanks to Anatoly Techtonik and user `rmf` for substantial improvements to the Wiki page. The history of the Devguide page follows (with log entries expanded for major content contributions): Hugo van Kemenade, Sat Dec 30 21:22:04 2023 +0200 Hugo van Kemenade, Fri Dec 8 12:04:32 2023 +0200 Erlend E. Aasland & Hugo van Kemenade, Tue Aug 8 22:05:34 2023 +0200 Satish Mishra, Sat Feb 11 13:54:57 2023 +0530 Hugo van Kemenade, Fri Dec 23 17:33:33 2022 +0200 Skip Montanaro, Hugo, Erlend, & Ezio, Fri Nov 4 05:04:23 2022 -0500 Add a GDB tips section to Advanced Tools (#977) Adam Turner, Wed Jun 15 21:19:23 2022 +0100 Adam Turner, Tue Jun 14 11:12:26 2022 +0100 Suriyaa, Fri Jun 8 19:39:23 2018 +0200 Jeff Allen, Tue Oct 24 18:12:53 2017 +0100 Jeff Allen, Fri Oct 13 13:43:43 2017 +0100 Mariatta, Wed Jan 4 09:14:55 2017 -0800 Carol Willing, Mon Sep 26 14:50:54 2016 -0700 Zachary Ware, Thu Jul 21 10:42:23 2016 -0500 Georg Brandl, Mon Nov 3 11:28:19 2014 +0100 Add instruction how to activate python-gdb.py Georg Brandl, Sun Mar 9 10:32:01 2014 +0100 Georg Brandl, Tue Apr 3 09:12:53 2012 +0200 Georg Brandl, Sat Mar 5 17:32:35 2011 +0100 Dave Malcolm, Fri Jan 21 12:34:09 2011 -0500 Add documentation on the gdb extension commands provided in libpython.py I adapted this from documentation I wrote for the Fedora wiki: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/EasierPythonDebugging#New_gdb_commands reformatting it as rst, and making other minor changes Brett Cannon, Thu Jan 20 15:16:52 2011 -0800 Dave Malcolm, Thu Jan 20 16:17:23 2011 -0500 Add some notes on the gdb pretty-printer hooks Antoine Pitrou, Thu Jan 20 21:17:49 2011 +0100 Give an example backtrace Antoine Pitrou, Thu Jan 20 21:03:06 2011 +0100 Expand explanations about gdb support Brett Cannon, Thu Jan 20 11:33:36 2011 -0800 Tweak the gdb support title to fit in better with the devguide. Brett Cannon, Mon Jan 17 21:12:54 2011 +0000 Short README on gdb support. Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+aa-turner@users.noreply.github.com> Co-authored-by: anatoly techtonik <techtonik@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Antoine Pitrou <solipsis@pitrou.net> Co-authored-by: Brett Cannon <brett@python.org> Co-authored-by: Carol Willing <carolcode@willingconsulting.com> Co-authored-by: Dave Malcolm <dmalcolm@redhat.com> Co-authored-by: Erlend E. Aasland <erlend.aasland@protonmail.com> Co-authored-by: Ezio Melotti <ezio.melotti@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Georg Brandl <georg@python.org> Co-authored-by: Hugo van Kemenade <1324225+hugovk@users.noreply.github.com> Co-authored-by: Jeff Allen <ja.py@farowl.co.uk> Co-authored-by: Mariatta <Mariatta@users.noreply.github.com> Co-authored-by: Petr Viktorin <encukou@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Satish Mishra <7506satish@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Skip Montanaro <skip.montanaro@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Suriyaa <isc.suriyaa@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Zachary Ware <zachary.ware@gmail.com> |
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configure | ||
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README.rst |
This is Python version 3.13.0 alpha 4 ===================================== .. image:: https://github.com/python/cpython/workflows/Tests/badge.svg :alt: CPython build status on GitHub Actions :target: https://github.com/python/cpython/actions .. image:: https://dev.azure.com/python/cpython/_apis/build/status/Azure%20Pipelines%20CI?branchName=main :alt: CPython build status on Azure DevOps :target: https://dev.azure.com/python/cpython/_build/latest?definitionId=4&branchName=main .. image:: https://img.shields.io/badge/discourse-join_chat-brightgreen.svg :alt: Python Discourse chat :target: https://discuss.python.org/ Copyright © 2001-2024 Python Software Foundation. All rights reserved. See the end of this file for further copyright and license information. .. contents:: General Information ------------------- - Website: https://www.python.org - Source code: https://github.com/python/cpython - Issue tracker: https://github.com/python/cpython/issues - Documentation: https://docs.python.org - Developer's Guide: https://devguide.python.org/ Contributing to CPython ----------------------- For more complete instructions on contributing to CPython development, see the `Developer Guide`_. .. _Developer Guide: https://devguide.python.org/ Using Python ------------ Installable Python kits, and information about using Python, are available at `python.org`_. .. _python.org: https://www.python.org/ Build Instructions ------------------ On Unix, Linux, BSD, macOS, and Cygwin:: ./configure make make test sudo make install This will install Python as ``python3``. You can pass many options to the configure script; run ``./configure --help`` to find out more. On macOS case-insensitive file systems and on Cygwin, the executable is called ``python.exe``; elsewhere it's just ``python``. Building a complete Python installation requires the use of various additional third-party libraries, depending on your build platform and configure options. Not all standard library modules are buildable or useable on all platforms. Refer to the `Install dependencies <https://devguide.python.org/getting-started/setup-building.html#build-dependencies>`_ section of the `Developer Guide`_ for current detailed information on dependencies for various Linux distributions and macOS. On macOS, there are additional configure and build options related to macOS framework and universal builds. Refer to `Mac/README.rst <https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/main/Mac/README.rst>`_. On Windows, see `PCbuild/readme.txt <https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/main/PCbuild/readme.txt>`_. To build Windows installer, see `Tools/msi/README.txt <https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/main/Tools/msi/README.txt>`_. If you wish, you can create a subdirectory and invoke configure from there. For example:: mkdir debug cd debug ../configure --with-pydebug make make test (This will fail if you *also* built at the top-level directory. You should do a ``make clean`` at the top-level first.) To get an optimized build of Python, ``configure --enable-optimizations`` before you run ``make``. This sets the default make targets up to enable Profile Guided Optimization (PGO) and may be used to auto-enable Link Time Optimization (LTO) on some platforms. For more details, see the sections below. Profile Guided Optimization ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ PGO takes advantage of recent versions of the GCC or Clang compilers. If used, either via ``configure --enable-optimizations`` or by manually running ``make profile-opt`` regardless of configure flags, the optimized build process will perform the following steps: The entire Python directory is cleaned of temporary files that may have resulted from a previous compilation. An instrumented version of the interpreter is built, using suitable compiler flags for each flavor. Note that this is just an intermediary step. The binary resulting from this step is not good for real-life workloads as it has profiling instructions embedded inside. After the instrumented interpreter is built, the Makefile will run a training workload. This is necessary in order to profile the interpreter's execution. Note also that any output, both stdout and stderr, that may appear at this step is suppressed. The final step is to build the actual interpreter, using the information collected from the instrumented one. The end result will be a Python binary that is optimized; suitable for distribution or production installation. Link Time Optimization ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Enabled via configure's ``--with-lto`` flag. LTO takes advantage of the ability of recent compiler toolchains to optimize across the otherwise arbitrary ``.o`` file boundary when building final executables or shared libraries for additional performance gains. What's New ---------- We have a comprehensive overview of the changes in the `What's New in Python 3.13 <https://docs.python.org/3.13/whatsnew/3.13.html>`_ document. For a more detailed change log, read `Misc/NEWS <https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/main/Misc/NEWS.d>`_, but a full accounting of changes can only be gleaned from the `commit history <https://github.com/python/cpython/commits/main>`_. If you want to install multiple versions of Python, see the section below entitled "Installing multiple versions". Documentation ------------- `Documentation for Python 3.13 <https://docs.python.org/3.13/>`_ is online, updated daily. It can also be downloaded in many formats for faster access. The documentation is downloadable in HTML, PDF, and reStructuredText formats; the latter version is primarily for documentation authors, translators, and people with special formatting requirements. For information about building Python's documentation, refer to `Doc/README.rst <https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/main/Doc/README.rst>`_. Testing ------- To test the interpreter, type ``make test`` in the top-level directory. The test set produces some output. You can generally ignore the messages about skipped tests due to optional features which can't be imported. If a message is printed about a failed test or a traceback or core dump is produced, something is wrong. By default, tests are prevented from overusing resources like disk space and memory. To enable these tests, run ``make buildbottest``. If any tests fail, you can re-run the failing test(s) in verbose mode. For example, if ``test_os`` and ``test_gdb`` failed, you can run:: make test TESTOPTS="-v test_os test_gdb" If the failure persists and appears to be a problem with Python rather than your environment, you can `file a bug report <https://github.com/python/cpython/issues>`_ and include relevant output from that command to show the issue. See `Running & Writing Tests <https://devguide.python.org/testing/run-write-tests.html>`_ for more on running tests. Installing multiple versions ---------------------------- On Unix and Mac systems if you intend to install multiple versions of Python using the same installation prefix (``--prefix`` argument to the configure script) you must take care that your primary python executable is not overwritten by the installation of a different version. All files and directories installed using ``make altinstall`` contain the major and minor version and can thus live side-by-side. ``make install`` also creates ``${prefix}/bin/python3`` which refers to ``${prefix}/bin/python3.X``. If you intend to install multiple versions using the same prefix you must decide which version (if any) is your "primary" version. Install that version using ``make install``. Install all other versions using ``make altinstall``. For example, if you want to install Python 2.7, 3.6, and 3.13 with 3.13 being the primary version, you would execute ``make install`` in your 3.13 build directory and ``make altinstall`` in the others. Release Schedule ---------------- See :pep:`719` for Python 3.13 release details. Copyright and License Information --------------------------------- Copyright © 2001-2024 Python Software Foundation. All rights reserved. Copyright © 2000 BeOpen.com. All rights reserved. Copyright © 1995-2001 Corporation for National Research Initiatives. All rights reserved. Copyright © 1991-1995 Stichting Mathematisch Centrum. All rights reserved. See the `LICENSE <https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/main/LICENSE>`_ for information on the history of this software, terms & conditions for usage, and a DISCLAIMER OF ALL WARRANTIES. This Python distribution contains *no* GNU General Public License (GPL) code, so it may be used in proprietary projects. There are interfaces to some GNU code but these are entirely optional. All trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective holders.