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https://github.com/python/cpython
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![Serhiy Storchaka](/assets/img/avatar_default.png)
I suppose it is a remnants of very old code written when str, int, list, dict, etc were functions and not classes.
216 lines
7.3 KiB
Python
216 lines
7.3 KiB
Python
"""Parser for command line options.
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This module helps scripts to parse the command line arguments in
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sys.argv. It supports the same conventions as the Unix getopt()
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function (including the special meanings of arguments of the form `-'
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and `--'). Long options similar to those supported by GNU software
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may be used as well via an optional third argument. This module
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provides two functions and an exception:
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getopt() -- Parse command line options
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gnu_getopt() -- Like getopt(), but allow option and non-option arguments
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to be intermixed.
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GetoptError -- exception (class) raised with 'opt' attribute, which is the
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option involved with the exception.
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"""
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# Long option support added by Lars Wirzenius <liw@iki.fi>.
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#
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# Gerrit Holl <gerrit@nl.linux.org> moved the string-based exceptions
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# to class-based exceptions.
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#
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# Peter Åstrand <astrand@lysator.liu.se> added gnu_getopt().
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#
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# TODO for gnu_getopt():
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#
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# - GNU getopt_long_only mechanism
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# - allow the caller to specify ordering
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# - RETURN_IN_ORDER option
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# - GNU extension with '-' as first character of option string
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# - optional arguments, specified by double colons
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# - an option string with a W followed by semicolon should
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# treat "-W foo" as "--foo"
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__all__ = ["GetoptError","error","getopt","gnu_getopt"]
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import os
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try:
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from gettext import gettext as _
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except ImportError:
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# Bootstrapping Python: gettext's dependencies not built yet
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def _(s): return s
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class GetoptError(Exception):
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opt = ''
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msg = ''
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def __init__(self, msg, opt=''):
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self.msg = msg
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self.opt = opt
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Exception.__init__(self, msg, opt)
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def __str__(self):
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return self.msg
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error = GetoptError # backward compatibility
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def getopt(args, shortopts, longopts = []):
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"""getopt(args, options[, long_options]) -> opts, args
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Parses command line options and parameter list. args is the
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argument list to be parsed, without the leading reference to the
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running program. Typically, this means "sys.argv[1:]". shortopts
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is the string of option letters that the script wants to
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recognize, with options that require an argument followed by a
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colon (i.e., the same format that Unix getopt() uses). If
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specified, longopts is a list of strings with the names of the
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long options which should be supported. The leading '--'
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characters should not be included in the option name. Options
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which require an argument should be followed by an equal sign
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('=').
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The return value consists of two elements: the first is a list of
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(option, value) pairs; the second is the list of program arguments
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left after the option list was stripped (this is a trailing slice
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of the first argument). Each option-and-value pair returned has
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the option as its first element, prefixed with a hyphen (e.g.,
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'-x'), and the option argument as its second element, or an empty
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string if the option has no argument. The options occur in the
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list in the same order in which they were found, thus allowing
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multiple occurrences. Long and short options may be mixed.
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"""
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opts = []
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if isinstance(longopts, str):
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longopts = [longopts]
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else:
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longopts = list(longopts)
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while args and args[0].startswith('-') and args[0] != '-':
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if args[0] == '--':
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args = args[1:]
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break
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if args[0].startswith('--'):
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opts, args = do_longs(opts, args[0][2:], longopts, args[1:])
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else:
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opts, args = do_shorts(opts, args[0][1:], shortopts, args[1:])
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return opts, args
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def gnu_getopt(args, shortopts, longopts = []):
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"""getopt(args, options[, long_options]) -> opts, args
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This function works like getopt(), except that GNU style scanning
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mode is used by default. This means that option and non-option
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arguments may be intermixed. The getopt() function stops
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processing options as soon as a non-option argument is
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encountered.
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If the first character of the option string is `+', or if the
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environment variable POSIXLY_CORRECT is set, then option
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processing stops as soon as a non-option argument is encountered.
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"""
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opts = []
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prog_args = []
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if isinstance(longopts, str):
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longopts = [longopts]
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else:
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longopts = list(longopts)
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# Allow options after non-option arguments?
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if shortopts.startswith('+'):
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shortopts = shortopts[1:]
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all_options_first = True
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elif os.environ.get("POSIXLY_CORRECT"):
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all_options_first = True
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else:
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all_options_first = False
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while args:
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if args[0] == '--':
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prog_args += args[1:]
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break
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if args[0][:2] == '--':
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opts, args = do_longs(opts, args[0][2:], longopts, args[1:])
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elif args[0][:1] == '-' and args[0] != '-':
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opts, args = do_shorts(opts, args[0][1:], shortopts, args[1:])
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else:
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if all_options_first:
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prog_args += args
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break
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else:
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prog_args.append(args[0])
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args = args[1:]
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return opts, prog_args
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def do_longs(opts, opt, longopts, args):
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try:
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i = opt.index('=')
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except ValueError:
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optarg = None
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else:
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opt, optarg = opt[:i], opt[i+1:]
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has_arg, opt = long_has_args(opt, longopts)
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if has_arg:
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if optarg is None:
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if not args:
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raise GetoptError(_('option --%s requires argument') % opt, opt)
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optarg, args = args[0], args[1:]
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elif optarg is not None:
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raise GetoptError(_('option --%s must not have an argument') % opt, opt)
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opts.append(('--' + opt, optarg or ''))
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return opts, args
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# Return:
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# has_arg?
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# full option name
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def long_has_args(opt, longopts):
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possibilities = [o for o in longopts if o.startswith(opt)]
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if not possibilities:
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raise GetoptError(_('option --%s not recognized') % opt, opt)
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# Is there an exact match?
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if opt in possibilities:
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return False, opt
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elif opt + '=' in possibilities:
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return True, opt
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# No exact match, so better be unique.
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if len(possibilities) > 1:
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# XXX since possibilities contains all valid continuations, might be
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# nice to work them into the error msg
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raise GetoptError(_('option --%s not a unique prefix') % opt, opt)
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assert len(possibilities) == 1
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unique_match = possibilities[0]
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has_arg = unique_match.endswith('=')
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if has_arg:
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unique_match = unique_match[:-1]
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return has_arg, unique_match
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def do_shorts(opts, optstring, shortopts, args):
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while optstring != '':
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opt, optstring = optstring[0], optstring[1:]
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if short_has_arg(opt, shortopts):
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if optstring == '':
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if not args:
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raise GetoptError(_('option -%s requires argument') % opt,
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opt)
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optstring, args = args[0], args[1:]
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optarg, optstring = optstring, ''
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else:
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optarg = ''
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opts.append(('-' + opt, optarg))
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return opts, args
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def short_has_arg(opt, shortopts):
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for i in range(len(shortopts)):
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if opt == shortopts[i] != ':':
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return shortopts.startswith(':', i+1)
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raise GetoptError(_('option -%s not recognized') % opt, opt)
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if __name__ == '__main__':
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import sys
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print(getopt(sys.argv[1:], "a:b", ["alpha=", "beta"]))
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