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gh-93851: Fix all broken links in Doc/ (GH-93853)
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@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ API Reference
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and other APIs, makes the API consistent across different Python versions,
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and is hence recommended over using ``distutils`` directly.
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.. _New and changed setup.py arguments in setuptools: https://setuptools.readthedocs.io/en/latest/setuptools.html#new-and-changed-setup-keywords
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.. _New and changed setup.py arguments in setuptools: https://web.archive.org/web/20210614192516/https://setuptools.pypa.io/en/stable/userguide/keywords.html
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.. include:: ./_setuptools_disclaimer.rst
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@ -670,7 +670,7 @@ A summary of available frameworks is maintained by Paul Boddie at
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https://wiki.python.org/moin/WebProgramming\ .
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Cameron Laird maintains a useful set of pages about Python web technologies at
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http://phaseit.net/claird/comp.lang.python/web_python.
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https://web.archive.org/web/20210224183619/http://phaseit.net/claird/comp.lang.python/web_python.
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How can I mimic CGI form submission (METHOD=POST)?
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@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ Are there tools to help find bugs or perform static analysis?
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Yes.
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`Pylint <https://www.pylint.org/>`_ and
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`Pylint <https://pylint.pycqa.org/en/latest/index.html>`_ and
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`Pyflakes <https://github.com/PyCQA/pyflakes>`_ do basic checking that will
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help you catch bugs sooner.
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@ -4,13 +4,13 @@
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HOWTO Fetch Internet Resources Using The urllib Package
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***********************************************************
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:Author: `Michael Foord <http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/index.shtml>`_
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:Author: `Michael Foord <https://agileabstractions.com/>`_
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.. note::
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There is a French translation of an earlier revision of this
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HOWTO, available at `urllib2 - Le Manuel manquant
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<http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/articles/urllib2_francais.shtml>`_.
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<https://web.archive.org/web/20200910051922/http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/articles/urllib2_francais.shtml>`_.
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@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ Introduction
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You may also find useful the following article on fetching web resources
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with Python:
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* `Basic Authentication <http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/articles/authentication.shtml>`_
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* `Basic Authentication <https://web.archive.org/web/20201215133350/http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/articles/authentication.shtml>`_
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A tutorial on *Basic Authentication*, with examples in Python.
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@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ It is possible that ``pip`` does not get installed by default. One potential fix
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python -m ensurepip --default-pip
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There are also additional resources for `installing pip.
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<https://packaging.python.org/tutorials/installing-packages/#install-pip-setuptools-and-wheel>`__
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<https://packaging.python.org/en/latest/tutorials/installing-packages/#ensure-pip-setuptools-and-wheel-are-up-to-date>`__
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Installing binary extensions
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@ -2603,7 +2603,7 @@ Notes:
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many other calendar systems.
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.. [#] See R. H. van Gent's `guide to the mathematics of the ISO 8601 calendar
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<https://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/calendar/isocalendar.htm>`_
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<https://web.archive.org/web/20220531051136/https://webspace.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/calendar/isocalendar.htm>`_
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for a good explanation.
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.. [#] Passing ``datetime.strptime('Feb 29', '%b %d')`` will fail since ``1900`` is not a leap year.
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@ -668,7 +668,7 @@ function:
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hash function used in the protocol summarily stops this type of attack.
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(`The Skein Hash Function Family
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<http://www.skein-hash.info/sites/default/files/skein1.3.pdf>`_,
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<https://www.schneier.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/skein.pdf>`_,
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p. 21)
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BLAKE2 can be personalized by passing bytes to the *person* argument::
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@ -44,4 +44,4 @@ This module defines four dictionaries, :data:`html5`,
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.. rubric:: Footnotes
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.. [#] See https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/syntax.html#named-character-references
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.. [#] See https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/named-characters.html#named-character-references
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@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ Inspect the resolved entry point::
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The ``group`` and ``name`` are arbitrary values defined by the package author
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and usually a client will wish to resolve all entry points for a particular
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group. Read `the setuptools docs
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<https://setuptools.readthedocs.io/en/latest/setuptools.html#dynamic-discovery-of-services-and-plugins>`_
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<https://setuptools.pypa.io/en/latest/userguide/entry_point.html>`_
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for more information on entry points, their definition, and usage.
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*Compatibility Note*
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@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
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.. module:: importlib.resources
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:synopsis: Package resource reading, opening, and access
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**Source code:** :source:`Lib/importlib/resources.py`
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**Source code:** :source:`Lib/importlib/resources/__init__.py`
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--------------
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@ -578,7 +578,7 @@ Special functions
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The :func:`erf` function can be used to compute traditional statistical
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functions such as the `cumulative standard normal distribution
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<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal_distribution#Cumulative_distribution_function>`_::
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<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal_distribution#Cumulative_distribution_functions>`_::
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def phi(x):
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'Cumulative distribution function for the standard normal distribution'
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@ -4318,7 +4318,7 @@ written in Python, such as a mail server's external command delivery program.
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:attr:`!children_system`, and :attr:`!elapsed` in that order.
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See the Unix manual page
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:manpage:`times(2)` and :manpage:`times(3)` manual page on Unix or `the GetProcessTimes MSDN
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:manpage:`times(2)` and `times(3) <https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?time(3)>`_ manual page on Unix or `the GetProcessTimes MSDN
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<https://docs.microsoft.com/windows/win32/api/processthreadsapi/nf-processthreadsapi-getprocesstimes>`_
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on Windows. On Windows, only :attr:`!user` and :attr:`!system` are known; the other attributes are zero.
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@ -328,14 +328,13 @@ Pure paths provide the following methods and properties:
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.. note::
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This behavior conforms to *The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 6*,
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paragraph `4.11 *Pathname Resolution* <xbd_path_resolution>`_:
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paragraph `4.11 Pathname Resolution
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<https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/basedefs/xbd_chap04.html#tag_04_11>`_:
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*"A pathname that begins with two successive slashes may be interpreted in
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an implementation-defined manner, although more than two leading slashes
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shall be treated as a single slash."*
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.. xbd_path_resolution: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/basedefs/xbd_chap04.html#tag_04_11
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.. data:: PurePath.anchor
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The concatenation of the drive and root::
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@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ The signal module defines three enums:
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:class:`enum.IntEnum` collection the constants :const:`SIG_BLOCK`, :const:`SIG_UNBLOCK` and :const:`SIG_SETMASK`.
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Availability: Unix. See the man page :manpage:`sigprocmask(3)` and
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Availability: Unix. See the man page :manpage:`sigprocmask(2)` and
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:manpage:`pthread_sigmask(3)` for further information.
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.. versionadded:: 3.5
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@ -1910,7 +1910,7 @@ to speed up repeated connections from the same clients.
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.. method:: SSLContext.session_stats()
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Get statistics about the SSL sessions created or managed by this context.
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A dictionary is returned which maps the names of each `piece of information <https://www.openssl.org/docs/man1.1.1/ssl/SSL_CTX_sess_number.html>`_ to their
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A dictionary is returned which maps the names of each `piece of information <https://www.openssl.org/docs/man1.1.1/man3/SSL_CTX_sess_number.html>`_ to their
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numeric values. For example, here is the total number of hits and misses
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in the session cache since the context was created::
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@ -2704,7 +2704,7 @@ enabled when negotiating a SSL session is possible through the
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:meth:`SSLContext.set_ciphers` method. Starting from Python 3.2.3, the
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ssl module disables certain weak ciphers by default, but you may want
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to further restrict the cipher choice. Be sure to read OpenSSL's documentation
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about the `cipher list format <https://www.openssl.org/docs/manmaster/man1/ciphers.html#CIPHER-LIST-FORMAT>`_.
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about the `cipher list format <https://www.openssl.org/docs/man1.1.1/man1/ciphers.html#CIPHER-LIST-FORMAT>`_.
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If you want to check which ciphers are enabled by a given cipher list, use
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:meth:`SSLContext.get_ciphers` or the ``openssl ciphers`` command on your
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system.
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@ -798,7 +798,7 @@ of applications in statistics.
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Compute the inverse cumulative distribution function, also known as the
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`quantile function <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantile_function>`_
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or the `percent-point
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<https://www.statisticshowto.datasciencecentral.com/inverse-distribution-function/>`_
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<https://web.archive.org/web/20190203145224/https://www.statisticshowto.datasciencecentral.com/inverse-distribution-function/>`_
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function. Mathematically, it is written ``x : P(X <= x) = p``.
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Finds the value *x* of the random variable *X* such that the
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@ -947,7 +947,7 @@ probability that the Python room will stay within its capacity limits?
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Normal distributions commonly arise in machine learning problems.
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Wikipedia has a `nice example of a Naive Bayesian Classifier
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<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naive_Bayes_classifier#Sex_classification>`_.
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<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naive_Bayes_classifier#Person_classification>`_.
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The challenge is to predict a person's gender from measurements of normally
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distributed features including height, weight, and foot size.
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@ -467,6 +467,6 @@ The :mod:`struct` module also defines the following type:
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.. _half precision format: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Half-precision_floating-point_format
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.. _ieee 754 standard: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_floating_point#IEEE_754-2008
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.. _ieee 754 standard: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_754-2008_revision
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.. _IETF RFC 1700: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1700
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@ -1944,7 +1944,7 @@ Both patch_ and patch.object_ correctly patch and restore descriptors: class
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methods, static methods and properties. You should patch these on the *class*
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rather than an instance. They also work with *some* objects
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that proxy attribute access, like the `django settings object
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<http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/weblog/arch_d7_2010_12_04.shtml#e1198>`_.
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<https://web.archive.org/web/20200603181648/http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/weblog/arch_d7_2010_12_04.shtml#e1198>`_.
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MagicMock and magic method support
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@ -626,9 +626,9 @@ strtod and dtoa
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The file :file:`Python/dtoa.c`, which supplies C functions dtoa and
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strtod for conversion of C doubles to and from strings, is derived
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from the file of the same name by David M. Gay, currently available
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from http://www.netlib.org/fp/. The original file, as retrieved on
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March 16, 2009, contains the following copyright and licensing
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notice::
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from https://web.archive.org/web/20220517033456/http://www.netlib.org/fp/dtoa.c.
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The original file, as retrieved on March 16, 2009, contains the following
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copyright and licensing notice::
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/****************************************************************
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*
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@ -3,6 +3,10 @@
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{% if daily is defined %}
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{% set dlbase = pathto('archives', 1) %}
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{% else %}
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{#
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The link below returns HTTP 404 until the first related alpha release.
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This is expected; use daily documentation builds for CPython development.
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#}
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{% set dlbase = 'https://docs.python.org/ftp/python/doc/' + release %}
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{% endif %}
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@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ Building Python
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If you want to compile CPython yourself, first thing you should do is get the
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`source <https://www.python.org/downloads/source/>`_. You can download either the
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latest release's source or just grab a fresh `clone
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<https://devguide.python.org/setup/#getting-the-source-code>`_. (If you want
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<https://devguide.python.org/setup/#get-the-source-code>`_. (If you want
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to contribute patches, you will need a clone.)
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The build process consists of the usual commands::
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@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ re-used.
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.. deprecated:: 3.6
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``pyvenv`` was the recommended tool for creating virtual environments for
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Python 3.3 and 3.4, and is `deprecated in Python 3.6
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<https://docs.python.org/dev/whatsnew/3.6.html#deprecated-features>`_.
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<https://docs.python.org/dev/whatsnew/3.6.html#id8>`_.
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.. versionchanged:: 3.5
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The use of ``venv`` is now recommended for creating virtual environments.
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@ -513,9 +513,11 @@ key features:
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Popular scientific modules (such as numpy, scipy and pandas) and the
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``conda`` package manager.
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`Canopy <https://www.enthought.com/product/canopy/>`_
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A "comprehensive Python analysis environment" with editors and other
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development tools.
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`Enthought Deployment Manager <https://www.enthought.com/edm/>`_
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"The Next Generation Python Environment and Package Manager".
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Previously Enthought provided Canopy, but it `reached end of life in 2016
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<https://support.enthought.com/hc/en-us/articles/360038600051-Canopy-GUI-end-of-life-transition-to-the-Enthought-Deployment-Manager-EDM-and-Visual-Studio-Code>`_.
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`WinPython <https://winpython.github.io/>`_
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Windows-specific distribution with prebuilt scientific packages and
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@ -1170,7 +1172,7 @@ Compiling Python on Windows
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If you want to compile CPython yourself, first thing you should do is get the
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`source <https://www.python.org/downloads/source/>`_. You can download either the
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latest release's source or just grab a fresh `checkout
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<https://devguide.python.org/setup/#getting-the-source-code>`_.
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<https://devguide.python.org/setup/#get-the-source-code>`_.
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The source tree contains a build solution and project files for Microsoft
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Visual Studio, which is the compiler used to build the official Python
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@ -542,8 +542,11 @@ PEP 241: Metadata in Python Packages
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A common complaint from Python users is that there's no single catalog of all
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the Python modules in existence. T. Middleton's Vaults of Parnassus at
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http://www.vex.net/parnassus/ are the largest catalog of Python modules, but
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registering software at the Vaults is optional, and many people don't bother.
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``www.vex.net/parnassus/`` (retired in February 2009, `available in the
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Internet Archive Wayback Machine
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<https://web.archive.org/web/20090130140102/http://www.vex.net/parnassus/>`_)
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was the largest catalog of Python modules, but
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registering software at the Vaults is optional, and many people did not bother.
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As a first small step toward fixing the problem, Python software packaged using
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the Distutils :command:`sdist` command will include a file named
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@ -551,7 +551,7 @@ exhausted.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coroutine
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The Wikipedia entry for coroutines.
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http://www.sidhe.org/~dan/blog/archives/000178.html
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https://web.archive.org/web/20160321211320/http://www.sidhe.org/~dan/blog/archives/000178.html
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An explanation of coroutines from a Perl point of view, written by Dan Sugalski.
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.. ======================================================================
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@ -1746,8 +1746,8 @@ modules, now that :mod:`ctypes` is included with core Python.
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.. seealso::
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http://starship.python.net/crew/theller/ctypes/
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The ctypes web page, with a tutorial, reference, and FAQ.
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https://web.archive.org/web/20180410025338/http://starship.python.net/crew/theller/ctypes/
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The pre-stdlib ctypes web page, with a tutorial, reference, and FAQ.
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The documentation for the :mod:`ctypes` module.
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@ -2065,7 +2065,7 @@ up a server takes only a few lines of code::
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.. seealso::
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http://www.wsgi.org
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https://web.archive.org/web/20160331090247/http://wsgi.readthedocs.org/en/latest/
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A central web site for WSGI-related resources.
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:pep:`333` - Python Web Server Gateway Interface v1.0
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@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ Hosting of the Python bug tracker is kindly provided by
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of Stellenbosch, South Africa. Martin von Löwis put a
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lot of effort into importing existing bugs and patches from
|
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SourceForge; his scripts for this import operation are at
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http://svn.python.org/view/tracker/importer/ and may be useful to
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``http://svn.python.org/view/tracker/importer/`` and may be useful to
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other projects wishing to move from SourceForge to Roundup.
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.. seealso::
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@ -1545,7 +1545,7 @@ changes, or look through the Subversion logs for all the details.
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*ciphers* argument that's a string listing the encryption algorithms
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to be allowed; the format of the string is described
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`in the OpenSSL documentation
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<https://www.openssl.org/docs/manmaster/man1/ciphers.html#CIPHER-LIST-FORMAT>`__.
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<https://www.openssl.org/docs/man1.0.2/man1/ciphers.html>`__.
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(Added by Antoine Pitrou; :issue:`8322`.)
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Another change makes the extension load all of OpenSSL's ciphers and
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@ -2001,7 +2001,7 @@ module is imported or used.
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.. seealso::
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http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/articles/unittest2.shtml
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https://web.archive.org/web/20210619163128/http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/articles/unittest2.shtml
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Describes the new features, how to use them, and the
|
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rationale for various design decisions. (By Michael Foord.)
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@ -1647,7 +1647,7 @@ for secure (encrypted, authenticated) internet connections:
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* The :func:`ssl.wrap_socket` constructor function now takes a *ciphers*
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argument. The *ciphers* string lists the allowed encryption algorithms using
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the format described in the `OpenSSL documentation
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<https://www.openssl.org/docs/manmaster/man1/ciphers.html#CIPHER-LIST-FORMAT>`__.
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<https://www.openssl.org/docs/man1.0.2/man1/ciphers.html#CIPHER-LIST-FORMAT>`__.
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* When linked against recent versions of OpenSSL, the :mod:`ssl` module now
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supports the Server Name Indication extension to the TLS protocol, allowing
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@ -2593,10 +2593,12 @@ Changes to Python's build process and to the C API include:
|
|||
longer used and it had never been documented (:issue:`8837`).
|
||||
|
||||
There were a number of other small changes to the C-API. See the
|
||||
:source:`Misc/NEWS` file for a complete list.
|
||||
Misc/NEWS <https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/v3.2.6/Misc/NEWS>`_
|
||||
file for a complete list.
|
||||
|
||||
Also, there were a number of updates to the Mac OS X build, see
|
||||
:source:`Mac/BuildScript/README.txt` for details. For users running a 32/64-bit
|
||||
`Mac/BuildScript/README.txt <https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/v3.2.6/Mac/BuildScript/README.txt>`_
|
||||
for details. For users running a 32/64-bit
|
||||
build, there is a known problem with the default Tcl/Tk on Mac OS X 10.6.
|
||||
Accordingly, we recommend installing an updated alternative such as
|
||||
`ActiveState Tcl/Tk 8.5.9 <https://www.activestate.com/activetcl/downloads>`_\.
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -2117,7 +2117,8 @@ API and Feature Removals
|
|||
platform specific ``Lib/plat-*/`` directories, but were chronically out of
|
||||
date, inconsistently available across platforms, and unmaintained. The
|
||||
script that created these modules is still available in the source
|
||||
distribution at :source:`Tools/scripts/h2py.py`.
|
||||
distribution at `Tools/scripts/h2py.py
|
||||
<https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/v3.6.15/Tools/scripts/h2py.py>`_.
|
||||
|
||||
* The deprecated ``asynchat.fifo`` class has been removed.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -2120,7 +2120,8 @@ Platform Support Removals
|
|||
of other LTS Linux releases (e.g. RHEL/CentOS 7.5, SLES 12-SP3), use OpenSSL
|
||||
1.0.2 or later, and remain supported in the default build configuration.
|
||||
|
||||
CPython's own :source:`CI configuration file <.travis.yml>` provides an
|
||||
CPython's own `CI configuration file
|
||||
<https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/v3.7.13/.travis.yml>`_ provides an
|
||||
example of using the SSL
|
||||
:source:`compatibility testing infrastructure <Tools/ssl/multissltests.py>` in
|
||||
CPython's test suite to build and link against OpenSSL 1.1.0 rather than an
|
||||
|
|
Loading…
Reference in a new issue