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gh-92869: ctypes: Add c_time_t (#92870)
Adds `ctypes.c_time_t` to represent the C `time_t` type accurately as its size varies. Primarily-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com> Co-authored-by: Gregory P. Smith <greg@krypto.org> [Google]
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@ -148,15 +148,14 @@ Calling functions
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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You can call these functions like any other Python callable. This example uses
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the ``time()`` function, which returns system time in seconds since the Unix
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epoch, and the ``GetModuleHandleA()`` function, which returns a win32 module
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handle.
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the ``rand()`` function, which takes no arguments and returns a pseudo-random integer::
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This example calls both functions with a ``NULL`` pointer (``None`` should be used
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as the ``NULL`` pointer)::
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>>> print(libc.rand()) # doctest: +SKIP
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1804289383
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On Windows, you can call the ``GetModuleHandleA()`` function, which returns a win32 module
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handle (passing ``None`` as single argument to call it with a ``NULL`` pointer)::
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>>> print(libc.time(None)) # doctest: +SKIP
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1150640792
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>>> print(hex(windll.kernel32.GetModuleHandleA(None))) # doctest: +WINDOWS
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0x1d000000
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>>>
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@ -247,6 +246,8 @@ Fundamental data types
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| :class:`c_ssize_t` | :c:type:`ssize_t` or | int |
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| | :c:type:`Py_ssize_t` | |
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+----------------------+------------------------------------------+----------------------------+
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| :class:`c_time_t` | :c:type:`time_t` | int |
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+----------------------+------------------------------------------+----------------------------+
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| :class:`c_float` | :c:type:`float` | float |
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+----------------------+------------------------------------------+----------------------------+
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| :class:`c_double` | :c:type:`double` | float |
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@ -447,6 +448,21 @@ By default functions are assumed to return the C :c:type:`int` type. Other
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return types can be specified by setting the :attr:`restype` attribute of the
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function object.
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The C prototype of ``time()`` is ``time_t time(time_t *)``. Because ``time_t``
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might be of a different type than the default return type ``int``, you should
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specify the ``restype``::
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>>> libc.time.restype = c_time_t
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The argument types can be specified using ``argtypes``::
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>>> libc.time.argtypes = (POINTER(c_time_t),)
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To call the function with a ``NULL`` pointer as first argument, use ``None``::
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>>> print(libc.time(None)) # doctest: +SKIP
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1150640792
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Here is a more advanced example, it uses the ``strchr`` function, which expects
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a string pointer and a char, and returns a pointer to a string::
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@ -2275,6 +2291,13 @@ These are the fundamental ctypes data types:
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.. versionadded:: 3.2
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.. class:: c_time_t
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Represents the C :c:type:`time_t` datatype.
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.. versionadded:: 3.12
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.. class:: c_ubyte
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Represents the C :c:type:`unsigned char` datatype, it interprets the value as
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@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
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from _ctypes import __version__ as _ctypes_version
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from _ctypes import RTLD_LOCAL, RTLD_GLOBAL
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from _ctypes import ArgumentError
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from _ctypes import SIZEOF_TIME_T
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from struct import calcsize as _calcsize
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@ -563,4 +564,11 @@ def DllCanUnloadNow():
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elif sizeof(kind) == 8: c_uint64 = kind
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del(kind)
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if SIZEOF_TIME_T == 8:
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c_time_t = c_int64
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elif SIZEOF_TIME_T == 4:
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c_time_t = c_int32
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else:
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raise SystemError(f"Unexpected sizeof(time_t): {SIZEOF_TIME_T=}")
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_reset_cache()
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@ -28,6 +28,9 @@ def test_size_t(self):
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def test_ssize_t(self):
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self.assertEqual(sizeof(c_void_p), sizeof(c_ssize_t))
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def test_time_t(self):
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self.assertEqual(sizeof(c_time_t), SIZEOF_TIME_T)
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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unittest.main()
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@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
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Added :class:`~ctypes.c_time_t` to :mod:`ctypes`, which has the same size as
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the :c:type:`time_t` type in C.
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@ -5784,6 +5784,7 @@ _ctypes_add_objects(PyObject *mod)
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MOD_ADD("RTLD_GLOBAL", PyLong_FromLong(RTLD_GLOBAL));
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MOD_ADD("CTYPES_MAX_ARGCOUNT", PyLong_FromLong(CTYPES_MAX_ARGCOUNT));
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MOD_ADD("ArgumentError", Py_NewRef(PyExc_ArgError));
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MOD_ADD("SIZEOF_TIME_T", PyLong_FromSsize_t(SIZEOF_TIME_T));
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return 0;
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#undef MOD_ADD
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}
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