diff --git a/Python/perf_trampoline.c b/Python/perf_trampoline.c
index 540b650192e..750ba18d351 100644
--- a/Python/perf_trampoline.c
+++ b/Python/perf_trampoline.c
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ new_code_arena(void)
              mem_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS,
              -1,  // fd (not used here)
              0);  // offset (not used here)
-    if (!memory) {
+    if (memory == MAP_FAILED) {
         PyErr_SetFromErrno(PyExc_OSError);
         PyErr_FormatUnraisable("Failed to create new mmap for perf trampoline");
         perf_status = PERF_STATUS_FAILED;