2001-01-18 14:51:12 +00:00
|
|
|
This is Python version 2.1
|
2000-10-16 18:26:42 +00:00
|
|
|
==========================
|
2000-04-11 17:11:09 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2001-01-18 14:51:12 +00:00
|
|
|
Copyright (c) 2000, 2001 Guido van Rossum.
|
|
|
|
All rights reserved.
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00:00
|
|
|
Copyright (c) 2000 BeOpen.com.
|
|
|
|
All rights reserved.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Copyright (c) 1995-2000 Corporation for National Research Initiatives.
|
|
|
|
All rights reserved.
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-03 04:47:47 +00:00
|
|
|
Copyright (c) 1991-1995 Stichting Mathematisch Centrum.
|
2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00:00
|
|
|
All rights reserved.
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00:00
|
|
|
License information
|
|
|
|
-------------------
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
See the file "LICENSE" for information on the history of this
|
|
|
|
software, terms & conditions for usage, and a DISCLAIMER OF ALL
|
|
|
|
WARRANTIES.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
This Python distribution contains no GNU General Public Licensed
|
|
|
|
(GPLed) code so it may be used in proprietary projects just like prior
|
|
|
|
Python distributions. There are interfaces to some GNU code but these
|
|
|
|
are entirely optional.
|
2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
All trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective
|
|
|
|
holders.
|
1997-12-11 18:01:47 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1996-07-30 21:41:07 +00:00
|
|
|
What's new in this release?
|
|
|
|
---------------------------
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2001-01-18 14:51:12 +00:00
|
|
|
See the file "Misc/NEWS".
|
1997-11-26 17:07:02 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If you don't read instructions
|
|
|
|
------------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Congratulations on getting this far. :-)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
To start building right away (on UNIX): type "./configure" in the
|
|
|
|
current directory and when it finishes, type "make". The section
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
`Build Instructions' below is still recommended reading, especially
|
|
|
|
the part on customizing Modules/Setup.
|
1996-07-30 18:05:04 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
What is Python anyway?
|
|
|
|
----------------------
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
Python is an interpreted object-oriented programming language suitable
|
|
|
|
(amongst other uses) for distributed application development,
|
|
|
|
scripting, numeric computing and system testing. Python is often
|
|
|
|
compared to Tcl, Perl, Java, JavaScript, Visual Basic or Scheme. To
|
|
|
|
find out more about what Python can do for you, point your browser to
|
2001-01-18 14:51:12 +00:00
|
|
|
http://www.python.org/.
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1996-10-25 14:32:48 +00:00
|
|
|
How do I learn Python?
|
|
|
|
----------------------
|
|
|
|
|
1999-05-17 19:35:01 +00:00
|
|
|
The official tutorial is still a good place to start; see
|
2000-03-31 20:16:45 +00:00
|
|
|
http://www.python.org/doc/ for online and downloadable versions, as
|
|
|
|
well as a list of other introductions, and reference documentation.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
There's a quickly growing set of books on Python. See
|
|
|
|
http://www.python.org/psa/bookstore/ for a list.
|
1997-05-22 20:13:25 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1996-10-25 14:32:48 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00:00
|
|
|
Documentation
|
|
|
|
-------------
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00:00
|
|
|
All documentation is provided online in a variety of formats. In
|
|
|
|
order of importance for new users: Tutorial, Library Reference,
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
Language Reference, Extending & Embedding, and the Python/C API. The
|
|
|
|
Library Reference is especially of immense value since much of
|
|
|
|
Python's power is described there, including the built-in data types
|
|
|
|
and functions!
|
1994-08-01 12:07:07 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
All documentation is also available online at the Python web site
|
2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00:00
|
|
|
(http://www.python.org/doc/, see below). It is available online for
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
occasional reference, or can be downloaded in many formats for faster
|
2000-10-25 17:51:02 +00:00
|
|
|
access. The documentation is available in HTML, PostScript, PDF, and
|
|
|
|
LaTeX formats; the LaTeX version is primarily for documentation
|
|
|
|
authors, translators, and people with special formatting requirements.
|
2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
Web sites
|
|
|
|
---------
|
2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
New Python releases and related technologies are published at
|
2001-01-18 14:51:12 +00:00
|
|
|
http://www.python.org/. Come visit us!
|
2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2001-01-18 14:51:12 +00:00
|
|
|
There's also a Python community web site at http://starship.python.net/.
|
2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Newsgroups and Mailing Lists
|
|
|
|
----------------------------
|
2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Read comp.lang.python, a high-volume discussion newsgroup about
|
|
|
|
Python, or comp.lang.python.announce, a low-volume moderated newsgroup
|
|
|
|
for Python-related announcements. These are also accessible as
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
mailing lists: see http://www.python.org/psa/MailingLists.html for an
|
|
|
|
overview of the many Python-related mailing lists.
|
2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
Archives are accessible via Deja.com Usenet News: see
|
|
|
|
http://www.deja.com/usenet. The mailing lists are also archived, see
|
|
|
|
http://www.python.org/psa/MailingLists.html for details.
|
2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bug reports
|
|
|
|
-----------
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
To report or search for bugs, please use the Python Bug
|
|
|
|
Tracker at http://sourceforge.net/bugs/?group_id=5470.
|
2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Patches and contributions
|
|
|
|
-------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
2000-10-25 17:51:02 +00:00
|
|
|
To submit a patch or other contribution, please use the Python Patch
|
|
|
|
Manager at http://sourceforge.net/patch/?group_id=5470. Guidelines
|
|
|
|
for patch submission may be found at http://www.python.org/patches/.
|
2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If you have a proposal to change Python, it's best to submit a Python
|
|
|
|
Enhancement Proposal (PEP) first. All current PEPs, as well as
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
guidelines for submitting a new PEP, are list at
|
2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00:00
|
|
|
http://python.sourceforge.net/peps/.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Questions
|
|
|
|
---------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For help, if you can't find it in the manuals or on the web site, it's
|
|
|
|
best to post to the comp.lang.python or the Python mailing list (see
|
|
|
|
above). If you specifically don't want to involve the newsgroup or
|
2001-01-18 14:51:12 +00:00
|
|
|
mailing list, send questions to help@python.org (a group of volunteers
|
|
|
|
who answer questions as they can). The newsgroup is the most
|
|
|
|
efficient way to ask public questions.
|
1994-08-01 12:07:07 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2000-06-29 22:28:44 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1994-08-01 12:07:07 +00:00
|
|
|
Build instructions
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
==================
|
1994-08-01 12:07:07 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
Before you can build Python, you must first configure it. Fortunately,
|
|
|
|
the configuration and build process has been streamlined for most Unix
|
|
|
|
installations, so all you have to do is type a few commands,
|
|
|
|
optionally edit one file, and sit back. There are some platforms
|
|
|
|
where things are not quite as smooth; see the platform specific notes
|
|
|
|
below. If you want to build for multiple platforms sharing the same
|
|
|
|
source tree, see the section on VPATH below.
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2001-01-24 17:49:59 +00:00
|
|
|
Start by running the script "./configure", which determines your system
|
|
|
|
configuration and creates the Makefile. (It takes a minute or two --
|
|
|
|
please be patient!) You may want to pass options to the configure
|
|
|
|
script or edit the Modules/Setup file after running configure -- see the
|
|
|
|
section below on configuration options and variables. When it's done,
|
|
|
|
you are ready to run make.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
To build Python, you normally type "make" in the toplevel directory. If
|
|
|
|
you have changed the configuration or have modified Modules/Setup, the
|
|
|
|
Makefile may have to be rebuilt. In this case you may have to run make
|
|
|
|
again to correctly build your desired target. The interpreter
|
|
|
|
executable is built in the top level directory.
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Once you have built a Python interpreter, see the subsections below on
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
testing, configuring additional modules, and installation. If you run
|
2000-10-26 17:13:19 +00:00
|
|
|
into trouble, see the next section. Editing the Modules/Setup file
|
|
|
|
after running make is supported; just run "make" again after making
|
|
|
|
the desired changes.
|
1994-08-01 12:07:07 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
Troubleshooting
|
|
|
|
---------------
|
|
|
|
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
See also the platform specific notes in the next section.
|
|
|
|
|
1997-08-15 18:30:14 +00:00
|
|
|
If you run into other trouble, see section 3 of the FAQ
|
2000-06-29 22:28:44 +00:00
|
|
|
(http://www.python.org/cgi-bin/faqw.py or
|
1997-08-15 18:30:14 +00:00
|
|
|
http://www.python.org/doc/FAQ.html) for hints on what can go wrong,
|
|
|
|
and how to fix it.
|
1994-09-12 10:58:40 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
If you rerun the configure script with different options, remove all
|
|
|
|
object files by running "make clean" before rebuilding. Believe it or
|
|
|
|
not, "make clean" sometimes helps to clean up other inexplicable
|
|
|
|
problems as well. Try it before sending in a bug report!
|
|
|
|
|
1996-08-26 03:02:37 +00:00
|
|
|
If the configure script fails or doesn't seem to find things that
|
1997-10-08 05:05:28 +00:00
|
|
|
should be there, inspect the config.log file. When you fix a
|
|
|
|
configure problem, be sure to remove config.cache!
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If you get a warning for every file about the -Olimit option being no
|
|
|
|
longer supported, you can ignore it. There's no foolproof way to know
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
whether this option is needed; all we can do is test whether it is
|
1997-10-08 05:05:28 +00:00
|
|
|
accepted without error. On some systems, e.g. older SGI compilers, it
|
|
|
|
is essential for performance (specifically when compiling ceval.c,
|
|
|
|
which has more basic blocks than the default limit of 1000). If the
|
|
|
|
warning bothers you, edit the Makefile to remove "-Olimit 1500" from
|
|
|
|
the OPT variable.
|
1996-08-26 03:02:37 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2000-08-29 21:36:40 +00:00
|
|
|
If you get failures in test_long, or sys.maxint gets set to -1, you
|
|
|
|
are probably experiencing compiler bugs, usually related to
|
|
|
|
optimization. This is a common problem with some versions of gcc and
|
|
|
|
egcs, and some vendor-supplied compilers, which can sometimes be
|
|
|
|
worked around by turning off optimization. Consider switching to
|
|
|
|
stable versions (gcc 2.7.2.3, egcs 1.1.2, or contact your vendor.)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From Python 2.0 onward, all Python C code is ANSI C. Compiling using
|
|
|
|
old K&R-C-only compilers is no longer possible. ANSI C compilers are
|
|
|
|
available for all modern systems, either in the form of updated
|
|
|
|
compilers from the vendor, or one of the free compilers (gcc, egcs).
|
1994-08-01 12:07:07 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
Platform specific notes
|
|
|
|
-----------------------
|
|
|
|
|
1995-10-08 01:22:33 +00:00
|
|
|
(Some of these may no longer apply. If you find you can build Python
|
2001-01-18 14:51:12 +00:00
|
|
|
on these platforms without the special directions mentioned here,
|
|
|
|
submit a documentation bug report to SourceForge (see Bug Reports
|
|
|
|
above) so we can remove them!)
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1997-10-08 05:05:28 +00:00
|
|
|
64-bit platforms: The modules audioop, imageop and rgbimg don't work.
|
|
|
|
Don't try to enable them in the Modules/Setup file. They
|
|
|
|
contain code that is quite wordsize sensitive. (If you have a
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
fix, let us know!)
|
1997-10-08 05:05:28 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1997-01-22 21:00:32 +00:00
|
|
|
Solaris: When using Sun's C compiler with threads, at least on Solaris
|
|
|
|
2.5.1, you need to add the "-mt" compiler option (the simplest
|
|
|
|
way is probably to specify the compiler with this option as
|
|
|
|
the "CC" environment variable when running the configure
|
|
|
|
script).
|
|
|
|
|
2000-08-29 21:36:40 +00:00
|
|
|
Linux: A problem with threads and fork() was tracked down to a bug in
|
|
|
|
the pthreads code in glibc version 2.0.5; glibc version 2.0.7
|
|
|
|
solves the problem. This causes the popen2 test to fail;
|
|
|
|
problem and solution reported by Pablo Bleyer.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Under Linux systems using GNU libc 2 (aka libc6), the crypt
|
|
|
|
module now needs the -lcrypt option. Uncomment this flag in
|
|
|
|
Modules/Setup, or comment out the crypt module in the same
|
|
|
|
file. Most modern Linux systems use glibc2.
|
1997-12-08 14:10:40 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1999-06-21 20:51:46 +00:00
|
|
|
FreeBSD 3.x and probably platforms with NCurses that use libmytinfo or
|
|
|
|
similar: When using cursesmodule, the linking is not done in
|
|
|
|
the correct order with the defaults. Remove "-ltermcap" from
|
|
|
|
the readline entry in Setup, and use as curses entry: "curses
|
|
|
|
cursesmodule.c -lmytinfo -lncurses -ltermcap" - "mytinfo" (so
|
|
|
|
called on FreeBSD) should be the name of the auxiliary library
|
|
|
|
required on your platform. Normally, it would be linked
|
|
|
|
automatically, but not necessarily in the correct order.
|
|
|
|
|
2000-08-29 21:36:40 +00:00
|
|
|
BSDI: BSDI versions before 4.1 have known problems with threads,
|
|
|
|
which can cause strange errors in a number of modules (for
|
|
|
|
instance, the 'test_signal' test script will hang forever.)
|
|
|
|
Turning off threads (with --with-threads=no) or upgrading to
|
|
|
|
BSDI 4.1 solves this problem.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
DEC Unix: Run configure with --with-dec-threads, or with
|
|
|
|
--with-threads=no if no threads are desired (threads are on by
|
|
|
|
default). When using GCC, it is possible to get an internal
|
|
|
|
compiler error if optimization is used. This was reported for
|
|
|
|
GCC 2.7.2.3 on selectmodule.c. Manually compile the affected
|
|
|
|
file without optimization to solve the problem.
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1999-04-10 16:04:07 +00:00
|
|
|
DEC Ultrix: compile with GCC to avoid bugs in the native compiler,
|
|
|
|
and pass SHELL=/bin/sh5 to Make when installing.
|
|
|
|
|
1996-08-26 03:02:37 +00:00
|
|
|
AIX: A complete overhaul of the shared library support is now in
|
1997-10-20 22:57:00 +00:00
|
|
|
place. See Misc/AIX-NOTES for some notes on how it's done.
|
1998-02-16 22:19:21 +00:00
|
|
|
(The optimizer bug reported at this place in previous releases
|
|
|
|
has been worked around by a minimal code change.)
|
1999-11-16 16:03:03 +00:00
|
|
|
In addition, Gary Duzan has a hint for C++ users: to enable
|
|
|
|
full C++ module support, set CC="xlC" (or CC="xlC_r" for thread
|
|
|
|
support in AIX 4.2.1).
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1999-04-12 18:16:09 +00:00
|
|
|
HP-UX: Please read the file Misc/HPUX-NOTES for shared libraries.
|
|
|
|
When using threading, you may have to add -D_REENTRANT to the
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
OPT variable in the top-level Makefile; reported by Pat Knight,
|
1999-04-12 18:16:09 +00:00
|
|
|
this seems to make a difference (at least for HP-UX 10.20)
|
|
|
|
even though config.h defines it.
|
1998-05-14 15:47:35 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
Minix: When using ack, use "CC=cc AR=aal RANLIB=: ./configure"!
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
SCO: The following apply to SCO 3 only; Python builds out of the box
|
|
|
|
on SCO 5 (or so we've heard).
|
1998-04-13 20:14:05 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1) Everything works much better if you add -U__STDC__ to the
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
defs. This is because all the SCO header files are broken.
|
1997-11-26 17:07:02 +00:00
|
|
|
Anything that isn't mentioned in the C standard is
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
conditionally excluded when __STDC__ is defined.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2) Due to the U.S. export restrictions, SCO broke the crypt
|
|
|
|
stuff out into a separate library, libcrypt_i.a so the LIBS
|
|
|
|
needed be set to:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LIBS=' -lsocket -lcrypt_i'
|
|
|
|
|
2000-08-29 21:36:40 +00:00
|
|
|
SunOS 4.x: When using the SunPro C compiler, you may want to use the
|
1997-11-26 17:07:02 +00:00
|
|
|
'-Xa' option instead of '-Xc', to enable some needed non-ANSI
|
|
|
|
Sunisms.
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1996-10-21 15:14:27 +00:00
|
|
|
NeXT: To build fat binaries, use the --with-next-archs switch
|
|
|
|
described below.
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1997-12-02 19:44:31 +00:00
|
|
|
QNX: Chris Herborth (chrish@qnx.com) writes:
|
|
|
|
configure works best if you use GNU bash; a port is available on
|
|
|
|
ftp.qnx.com in /usr/free. I used the following process to build,
|
1998-12-22 16:37:01 +00:00
|
|
|
test and install Python 1.5.x under QNX:
|
1997-12-02 19:44:31 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1998-08-04 17:59:56 +00:00
|
|
|
1) CONFIG_SHELL=/usr/local/bin/bash CC=cc RANLIB=: \
|
|
|
|
./configure --verbose --without-gcc --with-libm=""
|
1997-12-02 19:44:31 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2000-10-26 17:13:19 +00:00
|
|
|
2) edit Modules/Setup to activate everything that makes sense for
|
|
|
|
your system... tested here at QNX with the following modules:
|
1997-12-02 19:44:31 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1998-08-11 17:31:39 +00:00
|
|
|
array, audioop, binascii, cPickle, cStringIO, cmath,
|
|
|
|
crypt, curses, errno, fcntl, gdbm, grp, imageop,
|
|
|
|
_locale, math, md5, new, operator, parser, pcre,
|
|
|
|
posix, pwd, readline, regex, reop, rgbimg, rotor,
|
|
|
|
select, signal, socket, soundex, strop, struct,
|
1998-12-22 16:37:01 +00:00
|
|
|
syslog, termios, time, timing, zlib, audioop, imageop, rgbimg
|
1997-12-02 19:44:31 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1998-08-04 17:59:56 +00:00
|
|
|
3) make SHELL=/usr/local/bin/bash
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
or, if you feel the need for speed:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
make SHELL=/usr/local/bin/bash OPT="-5 -Oil+nrt"
|
1997-12-02 19:44:31 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1998-08-04 17:59:56 +00:00
|
|
|
4) make SHELL=/usr/local/bin/bash test
|
|
|
|
|
1998-08-11 17:31:39 +00:00
|
|
|
Using GNU readline 2.2 seems to behave strangely, but I
|
|
|
|
think that's a problem with my readline 2.2 port. :-\
|
1998-08-04 17:59:56 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5) make SHELL=/usr/local/bin/bash install
|
1997-12-02 19:44:31 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1998-08-11 17:31:39 +00:00
|
|
|
If you get SIGSEGVs while running Python (I haven't yet, but
|
|
|
|
I've only run small programs and the test cases), you're
|
|
|
|
probably running out of stack; the default 32k could be a
|
|
|
|
little tight. To increase the stack size, edit the Makefile
|
2001-01-26 22:18:55 +00:00
|
|
|
to read: LDFLAGS = -N 48k
|
1997-08-14 19:45:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1998-08-04 17:59:56 +00:00
|
|
|
BeOS: Chris Herborth (chrish@qnx.com) writes:
|
|
|
|
See BeOS/README for notes about compiling/installing Python on
|
1998-08-11 17:31:39 +00:00
|
|
|
BeOS R3 or later. Note that only the PowerPC platform is
|
1998-12-22 16:37:01 +00:00
|
|
|
supported for R3; both PowerPC and x86 are supported for R4.
|
1998-08-04 17:59:56 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1997-08-20 23:50:51 +00:00
|
|
|
Cray T3E: Konrad Hinsen writes:
|
1998-08-11 17:31:39 +00:00
|
|
|
1) Don't use gcc. It compiles Python/graminit.c into something
|
|
|
|
that the Cray assembler doesn't like. Cray's cc seems to work
|
|
|
|
fine.
|
2000-08-29 21:36:40 +00:00
|
|
|
2) Comment out modules md5 (won't compile) and audioop (will
|
1998-08-11 17:31:39 +00:00
|
|
|
crash the interpreter during the test suite).
|
|
|
|
If you run the test suite, two tests will fail (rotate and
|
|
|
|
binascii), but these are not the modules you'd expect to need
|
|
|
|
on a Cray.
|
1997-08-20 23:50:51 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1997-08-21 03:05:11 +00:00
|
|
|
SGI: SGI's standard "make" utility (/bin/make or /usr/bin/make)
|
|
|
|
does not check whether a command actually changed the file it
|
|
|
|
is supposed to build. This means that whenever you say "make"
|
|
|
|
it will redo the link step. The remedy is to use SGI's much
|
1997-10-08 05:05:28 +00:00
|
|
|
smarter "smake " utility (/usr/sbin/smake), or GNU make. If
|
|
|
|
you set the first line of the Makefile to #!/usr/sbin/smake
|
|
|
|
smake will be invoked by make (likewise for GNU make).
|
1997-08-21 03:05:11 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-29 17:45:05 +00:00
|
|
|
There is a bug in the SGI compiler's optimization that causes a
|
|
|
|
bus error in PyComplex_ImagAsDouble(); this has been reported to
|
|
|
|
be triggered when importing Numeric Python and may be caused at
|
|
|
|
other times. The work-around is to build Python, delete the
|
|
|
|
Objects/complexobject.o file, and then recompile without
|
|
|
|
optimization (use "make OPT=").
|
|
|
|
|
1997-11-26 17:07:02 +00:00
|
|
|
OS/2: If you are running Warp3 or Warp4 and have IBM's VisualAge C/C++
|
|
|
|
compiler installed, just change into the pc\os2vacpp directory
|
|
|
|
and type NMAKE. Threading and sockets are supported by default
|
|
|
|
in the resulting binaries of PYTHON15.DLL and PYTHON.EXE.
|
|
|
|
|
2000-10-06 01:58:48 +00:00
|
|
|
Monterey (64-bit AIX): The current Monterey C compiler (Visual Age)
|
|
|
|
uses the OBJECT_MODE={32|64} environment variable to set the
|
|
|
|
compilation mode to either 32-bit or 64-bit (32-bit mode is
|
|
|
|
the default). Presumably you want 64-bit compilation mode for
|
|
|
|
this 64-bit OS. As a result you must first set OBJECT_MODE=64
|
|
|
|
in your environment before configuring (./configure) or
|
|
|
|
building (make) Python on Monterey.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reliant UNIX: The thread support does not compile on Reliant UNIX, and
|
|
|
|
there is a (minor) problem in the configure script for that
|
|
|
|
platform as well. This should be resolved in time for a
|
|
|
|
future release.
|
2000-08-23 21:33:05 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2001-02-01 19:41:13 +00:00
|
|
|
MaxOS X: You need to add the "-traditional-cpp" option to the
|
|
|
|
compiler command line for the MacOS X Public Beta. This is
|
|
|
|
appearantly a bug in the default pre-processor, and is
|
|
|
|
expected not to be a problem with future versions. Run
|
|
|
|
configure with "OPT=-traditional-cpp ./configure" to add this
|
|
|
|
option.
|
|
|
|
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1998-05-12 15:29:18 +00:00
|
|
|
Configuring threads
|
|
|
|
-------------------
|
|
|
|
|
2000-08-29 21:36:40 +00:00
|
|
|
As of Python 2.0, threads are enabled by default. If you wish to
|
|
|
|
compile without threads, or if your thread support is broken, pass the
|
|
|
|
--with-threads=no switch to configure. Unfortunately, on some
|
|
|
|
platforms, additional compiler and/or linker options are required for
|
|
|
|
threads to work properly. Below is a table of those options,
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
collected by Bill Janssen. We would love to automate this process
|
2000-08-29 21:36:40 +00:00
|
|
|
more, but the information below is not enough to write a patch for the
|
|
|
|
configure.in file, so manual intervention is required. If you patch
|
|
|
|
the configure.in file and are confident that the patch works, please
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
send in the patch. (Don't bother patching the configure script itself
|
2000-08-29 21:36:40 +00:00
|
|
|
-- it is regenerated each the configure.in file changes.)
|
1998-05-12 15:29:18 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Compiler switches for threads
|
|
|
|
.............................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
OS/Compiler/threads Switches for use with threads
|
|
|
|
(POSIX is draft 10, DCE is draft 4) (1) compile only (2) compile & link
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SunOS 5.{1-5}/{gcc,SunPro cc}/solaris (1) -D_REENTRANT (2) -mt
|
|
|
|
SunOS 5.5/{gcc,SunPro cc}/POSIX (1) -D_REENTRANT
|
|
|
|
DEC OSF/1 3.x/cc/DCE (1) -D_REENTRANT (2) -threads
|
|
|
|
(butenhof@zko.dec.com)
|
|
|
|
Digital UNIX 4.x/cc/DCE (1) -D_REENTRANT (2) -threads
|
|
|
|
(butenhof@zko.dec.com)
|
|
|
|
Digital UNIX 4.x/cc/POSIX (1) -D_REENTRANT (2) -pthread
|
|
|
|
(butenhof@zko.dec.com)
|
|
|
|
AIX 4.1.4/cc_r/d7 (nothing)
|
|
|
|
(buhrt@iquest.net)
|
|
|
|
AIX 4.1.4/cc_r4/DCE (nothing)
|
|
|
|
(buhrt@iquest.net)
|
|
|
|
IRIX 6.2/cc/POSIX (nothing)
|
|
|
|
(robertl@cwi.nl)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Linker (ld) libraries and flags for threads
|
|
|
|
...........................................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
OS/threads Libraries/switches for use with threads
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SunOS 5.{1-5}/solaris -lthread
|
|
|
|
SunOS 5.5/POSIX -lpthread
|
|
|
|
DEC OSF/1 3.x/DCE -lpthreads -lmach -lc_r -lc
|
|
|
|
(butenhof@zko.dec.com)
|
|
|
|
Digital UNIX 4.x/DCE -lpthreads -lpthread -lmach -lexc -lc
|
|
|
|
(butenhof@zko.dec.com)
|
|
|
|
Digital UNIX 4.x/POSIX -lpthread -lmach -lexc -lc
|
|
|
|
(butenhof@zko.dec.com)
|
|
|
|
AIX 4.1.4/{draft7,DCE} (nothing)
|
|
|
|
(buhrt@iquest.net)
|
|
|
|
IRIX 6.2/POSIX -lpthread
|
|
|
|
(jph@emilia.engr.sgi.com)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
Configuring additional built-in modules
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
---------------------------------------
|
1995-01-17 16:36:34 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1994-08-01 12:07:07 +00:00
|
|
|
You can configure the interpreter to contain fewer or more built-in
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
modules by editing the Modules/Setup file. This file is initially
|
2000-10-26 17:13:19 +00:00
|
|
|
copied from Setup.dist by the configure script; if it does not exist
|
|
|
|
yet, create it by copying Modules/Setup.dist yourself (configure will
|
|
|
|
never overwrite it). Never edit Setup.dist -- always edit Setup or
|
2000-10-25 17:51:02 +00:00
|
|
|
Setup.local (see below). Read the comments in the file for
|
|
|
|
information on what kind of edits are allowed. When you have edited
|
|
|
|
Setup in the Modules directory, the interpreter will automatically be
|
|
|
|
rebuilt the next time you run make in the toplevel directory. (When
|
|
|
|
working inside the Modules directory, use "make Makefile; make".)
|
1994-08-01 12:07:07 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
The default collection of modules should build on any Unix system, but
|
2000-09-29 00:30:05 +00:00
|
|
|
many optional modules should work on all modern Unices (e.g. try
|
|
|
|
audioop, imageop, crypt, dbm, gdbm, nis, resource, termios, timing,
|
|
|
|
syslog, _curses, pyexpat, readline, rgbimg, zlib). Often the quickest
|
|
|
|
way to determine whether a particular module works or not is to see if
|
|
|
|
it will build: enable it in Setup, then if you get compilation or link
|
2000-10-25 17:51:02 +00:00
|
|
|
errors, disable it -- you're either missing support or need to adjust
|
|
|
|
the compilation and linking parameters for that module.
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
On SGI IRIX, there are modules that interface to many SGI specific
|
|
|
|
system libraries, e.g. the GL library and the audio hardware.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For SunOS and Solaris, enable module "sunaudiodev" to support the
|
2000-10-25 17:51:02 +00:00
|
|
|
audio device. Likewise, for Linux and some *BSD systems, enable
|
|
|
|
"linuxaudiodev".
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1997-01-22 21:00:32 +00:00
|
|
|
In addition to the file Setup, you can also edit the file Setup.local.
|
|
|
|
(the makesetup script processes both). You may find it more
|
|
|
|
convenient to edit Setup.local and leave Setup alone. Then, when
|
|
|
|
installing a new Python version, you can copy your old Setup.local
|
|
|
|
file.
|
|
|
|
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Setting the optimization/debugging options
|
|
|
|
------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
If you want or need to change the optimization/debugging options for
|
|
|
|
the C compiler, assign to the OPT variable on the toplevel make
|
|
|
|
command; e.g. "make OPT=-g" will build a debugging version of Python
|
|
|
|
on most platforms. The default is OPT=-O; a value for OPT in the
|
|
|
|
environment when the configure script is run overrides this default
|
|
|
|
(likewise for CC; and the initial value for LIBS is used as the base
|
|
|
|
set of libraries to link with).
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2000-10-25 17:51:02 +00:00
|
|
|
When compiling with GCC, the default value of OPT will also include
|
|
|
|
the -Wall and -Wstrict-prototypes options.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Additional debugging code to help debug memory management problems can
|
|
|
|
be enabled by using the --with-pydebug option to the configure script.
|
|
|
|
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Testing
|
|
|
|
-------
|
1994-08-01 12:07:07 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
To test the interpreter, type "make test" in the top-level directory.
|
1997-05-14 21:39:05 +00:00
|
|
|
This runs the test set twice (once with no compiled files, once with
|
|
|
|
the compiled files left by the previous test run). The test set
|
|
|
|
produces some output. You can generally ignore the messages about
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
skipped tests due to optional features which can't be imported. (If
|
|
|
|
you want to test those modules, edit Modules/Setup to configure them.)
|
|
|
|
If a message is printed about a failed test or a traceback or core
|
|
|
|
dump is produced, something is wrong. On some Linux systems (those
|
1997-12-30 04:32:30 +00:00
|
|
|
that are not yet using glibc 6), test_strftime fails due to a
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
non-standard implementation of strftime() in the C library. Please
|
|
|
|
ignore this, or upgrade to glibc version 6.
|
1994-08-01 12:07:07 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
IMPORTANT: If the tests fail and you decide to mail a bug report,
|
|
|
|
*don't* include the output of "make test". It is useless. Run the
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
failing test manually, as follows:
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1997-05-14 21:39:05 +00:00
|
|
|
python ../Lib/test/test_whatever.py
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(substituting the top of the source tree for .. if you built in a
|
1997-05-14 21:39:05 +00:00
|
|
|
different directory). This runs the test in verbose mode.
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Installing
|
|
|
|
----------
|
|
|
|
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
To install the Python binary, library modules, shared library modules
|
|
|
|
(see below), include files, configuration files, and the manual page,
|
1997-11-26 17:07:02 +00:00
|
|
|
just type
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
make install
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
This will install all platform-independent files in subdirectories of
|
|
|
|
the directory given with the --prefix option to configure or to the
|
|
|
|
`prefix' Make variable (default /usr/local). All binary and other
|
|
|
|
platform-specific files will be installed in subdirectories if the
|
|
|
|
directory given by --exec-prefix or the `exec_prefix' Make variable
|
|
|
|
(defaults to the --prefix directory) is given.
|
1997-11-26 17:07:02 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
All subdirectories created will have Python's version number in their
|
|
|
|
name, e.g. the library modules are installed in
|
2001-01-18 14:51:12 +00:00
|
|
|
"/usr/local/lib/python<version>/" by default, where <version> is the
|
|
|
|
<major>.<minor> release number (e.g. "2.1"). The Python binary is
|
|
|
|
installed as "python<version>" and a hard link named "python" is
|
|
|
|
created. The only file not installed with a version number in its
|
|
|
|
name is the manual page, installed as "/usr/local/man/man1/python.1"
|
|
|
|
by default.
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2000-06-29 22:28:44 +00:00
|
|
|
If you have a previous installation of a pre-2.0 Python that you don't
|
1997-11-26 17:07:02 +00:00
|
|
|
want to replace yet, use
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
make altinstall
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
This installs the same set of files as "make install" except it
|
2001-01-18 14:51:12 +00:00
|
|
|
doesn't create the hard link to "python<version>" named "python" and
|
|
|
|
it doesn't install the manual page at all.
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The only thing you may have to install manually is the Python mode for
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
Emacs found in Misc/python-mode.el. (But then again, more recent
|
|
|
|
versions of Emacs may already have it.) Follow the instructions that
|
|
|
|
came with Emacs for installation of site-specific files.
|
1994-08-01 12:07:07 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1995-01-02 18:33:54 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
Configuration options and variables
|
|
|
|
-----------------------------------
|
1995-01-02 18:33:54 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
Some special cases are handled by passing options to the configure
|
|
|
|
script.
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
WARNING: if you rerun the configure script with different options, you
|
|
|
|
must run "make clean" before rebuilding. Exceptions to this rule:
|
|
|
|
after changing --prefix or --exec-prefix, all you need to do is remove
|
1997-08-05 21:50:20 +00:00
|
|
|
Modules/getpath.o.
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
--with(out)-gcc: The configure script uses gcc (the GNU C compiler) if
|
|
|
|
it finds it. If you don't want this, or if this compiler is
|
|
|
|
installed but broken on your platform, pass the option
|
|
|
|
--without-gcc. You can also pass "CC=cc" (or whatever the
|
|
|
|
name of the proper C compiler is) in the environment, but the
|
|
|
|
advantage of using --without-gcc is that this option is
|
|
|
|
remembered by the config.status script for its --recheck
|
|
|
|
option.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
--prefix, --exec-prefix: If you want to install the binaries and the
|
|
|
|
Python library somewhere else than in /usr/local/{bin,lib},
|
|
|
|
you can pass the option --prefix=DIRECTORY; the interpreter
|
|
|
|
binary will be installed as DIRECTORY/bin/python and the
|
|
|
|
library files as DIRECTORY/lib/python/*. If you pass
|
|
|
|
--exec-prefix=DIRECTORY (as well) this overrides the
|
|
|
|
installation prefix for architecture-dependent files (like the
|
|
|
|
interpreter binary). Note that --prefix=DIRECTORY also
|
|
|
|
affects the default module search path (sys.path), when
|
|
|
|
Modules/config.c is compiled. Passing make the option
|
|
|
|
prefix=DIRECTORY (and/or exec_prefix=DIRECTORY) overrides the
|
|
|
|
prefix set at configuration time; this may be more convenient
|
|
|
|
than re-running the configure script if you change your mind
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
about the install prefix.
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1997-08-05 21:50:20 +00:00
|
|
|
--with-readline: This option is no longer supported. To use GNU
|
|
|
|
readline, enable module "readline" in the Modules/Setup file.
|
1996-06-20 14:32:08 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2000-08-29 21:36:40 +00:00
|
|
|
--with-threads: On most Unix systems, you can now use multiple
|
|
|
|
threads, and support for this is enabled by default. To
|
|
|
|
disable this, pass --with-threads=no. If the library required
|
|
|
|
for threads lives in a peculiar place, you can use
|
|
|
|
--with-thread=DIRECTORY. IMPORTANT: run "make clean" after
|
|
|
|
changing (either enabling or disabling) this option, or you
|
|
|
|
will get link errors! Note: for DEC Unix use
|
1998-02-22 04:36:34 +00:00
|
|
|
--with-dec-threads instead.
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
--with-sgi-dl: On SGI IRIX 4, dynamic loading of extension modules is
|
|
|
|
supported by the "dl" library by Jack Jansen, which is
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
ftp'able from ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/dynload/dl-1.6.tar.Z.
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
This is enabled (after you've ftp'ed and compiled the dl
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
library) by passing --with-sgi-dl=DIRECTORY where DIRECTORY
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
is the absolute pathname of the dl library. (Don't bother on
|
|
|
|
IRIX 5, it already has dynamic linking using SunOS style
|
|
|
|
shared libraries.) Support for this feature is deprecated.
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
--with-dl-dld: Dynamic loading of modules is rumored to be supported
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
on some other systems: VAX (Ultrix), Sun3 (SunOS 3.4), Sequent
|
|
|
|
Symmetry (Dynix), and Atari ST. This is done using a
|
|
|
|
combination of the GNU dynamic loading package
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
(ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/dynload/dl-dld-1.1.tar.Z) and an
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
emulation of the SGI dl library mentioned above (the emulation
|
|
|
|
can be found at
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/dynload/dld-3.2.3.tar.Z). To
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
enable this, ftp and compile both libraries, then call
|
|
|
|
configure, passing it the option
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
--with-dl-dld=DL_DIRECTORY,DLD_DIRECTORY where DL_DIRECTORY is
|
|
|
|
the absolute pathname of the dl emulation library and
|
|
|
|
DLD_DIRECTORY is the absolute pathname of the GNU dld library.
|
|
|
|
(Don't bother on SunOS 4 or 5, they already have dynamic
|
|
|
|
linking using shared libraries.) Support for this feature is
|
|
|
|
deprecated.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
--with-libm, --with-libc: It is possible to specify alternative
|
|
|
|
versions for the Math library (default -lm) and the C library
|
|
|
|
(default the empty string) using the options
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
--with-libm=STRING and --with-libc=STRING, respectively. For
|
|
|
|
example, if your system requires that you pass -lc_s to the C
|
|
|
|
compiler to use the shared C library, you can pass
|
|
|
|
--with-libc=-lc_s. These libraries are passed after all other
|
|
|
|
libraries, the C library last.
|
1996-07-30 18:05:04 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
--with-next-archs='arch1 arch2': Under NEXTSTEP, this will build
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
all compiled binaries with the architectures listed. This will
|
|
|
|
also correctly set the target architecture-specific resource
|
1996-10-21 15:14:27 +00:00
|
|
|
directory. (This option is not supported on other platforms.)
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
--with-libs='libs': Add 'libs' to the LIBS that the python interpreter
|
|
|
|
is linked against.
|
1996-07-31 17:36:01 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2000-12-13 14:14:32 +00:00
|
|
|
--with-cxx=<compiler>: Some C++ compilers require that main() is
|
|
|
|
compiled with the C++ if there is any C++ code in the application.
|
|
|
|
Specifically, g++ on a.out systems may require that to support
|
|
|
|
construction of global objects. With this option, the main() function
|
|
|
|
of Python will be compiled with <compiler>; use that only if you
|
|
|
|
plan to use C++ extension modules, and if your compiler requires
|
|
|
|
compilation of main() as a C++ program.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2000-10-25 17:51:02 +00:00
|
|
|
--with-pydebug: Enable additional debugging code to help track down
|
|
|
|
memory management problems. This allows printing a list of all
|
|
|
|
live objects when the interpreter terminates.
|
|
|
|
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1994-08-01 12:07:07 +00:00
|
|
|
Building for multiple architectures (using the VPATH feature)
|
|
|
|
-------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If your file system is shared between multiple architectures, it
|
|
|
|
usually is not necessary to make copies of the sources for each
|
|
|
|
architecture you want to support. If the make program supports the
|
|
|
|
VPATH feature, you can create an empty build directory for each
|
|
|
|
architecture, and in each directory run the configure script (on the
|
|
|
|
appropriate machine with the appropriate options). This creates the
|
|
|
|
necessary subdirectories and the Makefiles therein. The Makefiles
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
contain a line VPATH=... which points to a directory containing the
|
1996-08-26 03:02:37 +00:00
|
|
|
actual sources. (On SGI systems, use "smake -J1" instead of "make" if
|
|
|
|
you use VPATH -- don't try gnumake.)
|
1994-08-01 12:07:07 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For example, the following is all you need to build a minimal Python
|
|
|
|
in /usr/tmp/python (assuming ~guido/src/python is the toplevel
|
|
|
|
directory and you want to build in /usr/tmp/python):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ mkdir /usr/tmp/python
|
|
|
|
$ cd /usr/tmp/python
|
|
|
|
$ ~guido/src/python/configure
|
|
|
|
[...]
|
|
|
|
$ make
|
|
|
|
[...]
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
2001-01-26 22:18:55 +00:00
|
|
|
Note that configure copies the original Setup file to the build
|
1994-08-01 12:07:07 +00:00
|
|
|
directory if it finds no Setup file there. This means that you can
|
|
|
|
edit the Setup file for each architecture independently. For this
|
|
|
|
reason, subsequent changes to the original Setup file are not tracked
|
|
|
|
automatically, as they might overwrite local changes. To force a copy
|
|
|
|
of a changed original Setup file, delete the target Setup file. (The
|
|
|
|
makesetup script supports multiple input files, so if you want to be
|
|
|
|
fancy you can change the rules to create an empty Setup.local if it
|
|
|
|
doesn't exist and run it with arguments $(srcdir)/Setup Setup.local;
|
|
|
|
however this assumes that you only need to add modules.)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Building on non-UNIX systems
|
|
|
|
----------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-19 00:38:35 +00:00
|
|
|
For Windows (2000/NT/ME/98/95), assuming you have MS VC++ 6.0, the
|
|
|
|
project files are in PCbuild, the workspace is pcbuild.dsw. See
|
|
|
|
PCbuild\readme.txt for detailed instructions.
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1999-04-12 14:47:30 +00:00
|
|
|
For other non-Unix Windows compilers, in particular Windows 3.1 and
|
|
|
|
for OS/2, enter the directory "PC" and read the file "readme.txt".
|
1996-07-30 21:41:07 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
For the Mac, a separate source distribution will be made available,
|
|
|
|
for use with the CodeWarrior compiler. If you are interested in Mac
|
|
|
|
development, join the PythonMac Special Interest Group
|
|
|
|
(http://www.python.org/sigs/pythonmac-sig/, or send email to
|
|
|
|
pythonmac-sig-request@python.org).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Of course, there are also binary distributions available for these
|
2001-01-18 14:51:12 +00:00
|
|
|
platforms -- see http://www.python.org/.
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
To port Python to a new non-UNIX system, you will have to fake the
|
|
|
|
effect of running the configure script manually (for Mac and PC, this
|
|
|
|
has already been done for you). A good start is to copy the file
|
1994-08-01 12:07:07 +00:00
|
|
|
config.h.in to config.h and edit the latter to reflect the actual
|
|
|
|
configuration of your system. Most symbols must simply be defined as
|
|
|
|
1 only if the corresponding feature is present and can be left alone
|
2000-07-23 21:18:09 +00:00
|
|
|
otherwise; however the *_t type symbols must be defined as some variant
|
|
|
|
of int if they need to be defined at all.
|
1994-08-01 12:07:07 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Miscellaneous issues
|
|
|
|
====================
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Emacs mode
|
|
|
|
----------
|
|
|
|
|
1997-10-08 05:05:28 +00:00
|
|
|
There's an excellent Emacs editing mode for Python code; see the file
|
|
|
|
Misc/python-mode.el. Originally written by the famous Tim Peters, it
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
is now maintained by the equally famous Barry Warsaw (it's no
|
2001-01-18 14:51:12 +00:00
|
|
|
coincidence that they now both work on the same team). The latest
|
2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00:00
|
|
|
version, along with various other contributed Python-related Emacs
|
2001-01-18 14:51:12 +00:00
|
|
|
goodies, is online at http://www.python.org/emacs/python-mode. And
|
2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00:00
|
|
|
if you are planning to edit the Python C code, please pick up the
|
2001-01-18 14:51:12 +00:00
|
|
|
latest version of CC Mode http://www.python.org/emacs/cc-mode; it
|
2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00:00
|
|
|
contains a "python" style used throughout most of the Python C source
|
|
|
|
files. (Newer versions of Emacs or XEmacs may already come with the
|
|
|
|
latest version of python-mode.)
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Tk interface
|
|
|
|
----------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tk (the user interface component of John Ousterhout's Tcl language) is
|
|
|
|
also usable from Python. Since this requires that you first build and
|
2000-09-28 23:28:30 +00:00
|
|
|
install Tcl/Tk, the Tk interface is not enabled by default when
|
|
|
|
building Python from source. Python supports Tcl/Tk version 8.0 and
|
|
|
|
higher.
|
1997-11-26 17:07:02 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2000-07-01 00:34:39 +00:00
|
|
|
See http://dev.ajubasolutions.com/ for more info on Tcl/Tk, including
|
|
|
|
the on-line manual pages.
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
To enable the Python/Tk interface, once you've built and installed
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
Tcl/Tk, load the file Modules/Setup into your favorite text editor and
|
1997-11-26 17:07:02 +00:00
|
|
|
search for the string "_tkinter". Then follow the instructions found
|
|
|
|
there. If you have installed Tcl/Tk or X11 in unusual places, you
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
will have to edit the first line to fix or add the -I and -L options.
|
1997-11-26 17:07:02 +00:00
|
|
|
(Also see the general instructions at the top of that file.)
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2000-07-01 00:34:39 +00:00
|
|
|
For more Tkinter information, see the Tkinter Resource page:
|
|
|
|
http://www.python.org/topics/tkinter/
|
1997-10-08 05:05:28 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
There are demos in the Demo/tkinter directory, in the subdirectories
|
|
|
|
guido, matt and www (the matt and guido subdirectories have been
|
|
|
|
overhauled to use more recent Tkinter coding conventions).
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Note that there's a Python module called "Tkinter" (capital T) which
|
2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00:00
|
|
|
lives in Lib/lib-tk/Tkinter.py, and a C module called "_tkinter"
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
(lower case t and leading underscore) which lives in
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
Modules/_tkinter.c. Demos and normal Tk applications import only the
|
|
|
|
Python Tkinter module -- the latter uses the C _tkinter module
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
directly. In order to find the C _tkinter module, it must be compiled
|
|
|
|
and linked into the Python interpreter -- the _tkinter line in the
|
|
|
|
Setup file does this. In order to find the Python Tkinter module,
|
|
|
|
sys.path must be set correctly -- the TKPATH assignment in the Setup
|
|
|
|
file takes care of this, but only if you install Python properly
|
|
|
|
("make install libinstall"). (You can also use dynamic loading for
|
|
|
|
the C _tkinter module, in which case you must manually fix up sys.path
|
|
|
|
or set $PYTHONPATH for the Python Tkinter module.)
|
1995-08-28 02:44:24 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1994-08-01 12:07:07 +00:00
|
|
|
Distribution structure
|
|
|
|
----------------------
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
Most subdirectories have their own README files. Most files have
|
1994-08-01 12:07:07 +00:00
|
|
|
comments.
|
|
|
|
|
2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.cvsignore Additional filename matching patterns for CVS to ignore
|
|
|
|
BeOS/ Files specific to the BeOS port
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
Demo/ Demonstration scripts, modules and programs
|
2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00:00
|
|
|
Doc/ Documentation sources (LaTeX)
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
Grammar/ Input for the parser generator
|
|
|
|
Include/ Public header files
|
2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00:00
|
|
|
LICENSE Licensing information
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
Lib/ Python library modules
|
2001-01-24 17:49:59 +00:00
|
|
|
Makefile.pre.in Source from which config.status creates the Makefile.pre
|
1997-10-08 05:05:28 +00:00
|
|
|
Misc/ Miscellaneous useful files
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
Modules/ Implementation of most built-in modules
|
|
|
|
Objects/ Implementation of most built-in object types
|
2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00:00
|
|
|
PC/ Files specific to PC ports (DOS, Windows, OS/2)
|
|
|
|
PCbuild/ Build directory for Microsoft Visual C++
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
Parser/ The parser and tokenizer and their input handling
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
Python/ The byte-compiler and interpreter
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
README The file you're reading now
|
|
|
|
Tools/ Some useful programs written in Python
|
2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00:00
|
|
|
acconfig.h Additional input for the GNU autoheader program
|
|
|
|
config.h.in Source from which config.h is created (GNU autoheader output)
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
configure Configuration shell script (GNU autoconf output)
|
2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00:00
|
|
|
configure.in Configuration specification (input for GNU autoconf)
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
install-sh Shell script used to install files
|
1994-08-01 12:07:07 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
The following files will (may) be created in the toplevel directory by
|
|
|
|
the configuration and build processes:
|
1994-08-01 12:07:07 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
Makefile Build rules
|
2001-01-24 17:49:59 +00:00
|
|
|
Makefile.pre Build rules before running Modules/makesetup
|
2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00:00
|
|
|
buildno Keeps track of the build number
|
|
|
|
config.cache Cache of configuration variables
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
config.h Configuration header
|
1997-10-08 05:05:28 +00:00
|
|
|
config.log Log from last configure run
|
2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
config.status Status from last run of the configure script
|
2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00:00
|
|
|
getbuildinfo.o Object file from Modules/getbuildinfo.c
|
2001-01-18 14:51:12 +00:00
|
|
|
libpython<version>.a The library archive
|
1996-08-01 17:31:22 +00:00
|
|
|
python The executable interpreter
|
|
|
|
tags, TAGS Tags files for vi and Emacs
|
1994-08-01 12:07:07 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1994-08-12 12:45:02 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00:00
|
|
|
That's all, folks!
|
|
|
|
------------------
|
1994-08-01 12:07:07 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1995-04-10 11:47:38 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2001-01-18 14:51:12 +00:00
|
|
|
--Guido van Rossum (home page: http://www.python.org/~guido/)
|