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Android

Android is a mobile operating system developed by Google. It is based on the Linux kernel and is designed primarily for touchscreen devices such as smartphones and tablets. GrapheneOS is a custom Android ROM focused on Security.

Architecture and Components:

1. Linux Kernel:

  • Android's foundation lies in the Linux kernel, which provides a secure and reliable core for the operating system.

2. Android Runtime (ART):

  • Android utilizes the ART runtime to execute applications, offering improved performance and responsiveness compared to its predecessor, Dalvik.

3. Application Framework:

  • Developers leverage the Android application framework, a set of APIs that includes activities, services, content providers, and broadcast receivers, to build diverse and interactive applications.

4. Libraries:

  • Android includes various libraries for tasks such as graphics rendering, database access, and network communication, simplifying the development process and enhancing application capabilities.

5. Application Layer:

  • The application layer is where users interact with installed applications, spanning a wide range of categories from productivity to entertainment.