318 lines
18 KiB
Markdown
318 lines
18 KiB
Markdown
---
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arch-wiki: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Makepkg
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obj: application
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rev: 2024-12-19
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---
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# makepkg
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makepkg is a tool for creating [pacman](Pacman.md) packages based on [PKGBUILD](PKGBUILD.md) files.
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## Configuration
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The system configuration is available in `/etc/makepkg.conf`, but user-specific changes can be made in `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/pacman/makepkg.conf` or `~/.makepkg.conf`. Also, system wide changes can be made with a drop-in file `/etc/makepkg.conf.d/makepkg.conf`. It is recommended to review the configuration prior to building packages.
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> **Tip**: devtools helper scripts for building packages in a clean chroot use the `/usr/share/devtools/makepkg.conf.d/arch.conf` configuration file instead.
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```sh
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#!/hint/bash
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# shellcheck disable=2034
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#
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# /etc/makepkg.conf
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#
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#########################################################################
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# SOURCE ACQUISITION
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#########################################################################
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#
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#-- The download utilities that makepkg should use to acquire sources
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# Format: 'protocol::agent'
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DLAGENTS=('file::/usr/bin/curl -qgC - -o %o %u'
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'ftp::/usr/bin/curl -qgfC - --ftp-pasv --retry 3 --retry-delay 3 -o %o %u'
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'http::/usr/bin/curl -qgb "" -fLC - --retry 3 --retry-delay 3 -o %o %u'
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'https::/usr/bin/curl -qgb "" -fLC - --retry 3 --retry-delay 3 -o %o %u'
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'rsync::/usr/bin/rsync --no-motd -z %u %o'
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'scp::/usr/bin/scp -C %u %o')
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# Other common tools:
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# /usr/bin/snarf
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# /usr/bin/lftpget -c
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# /usr/bin/wget
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#-- The package required by makepkg to download VCS sources
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# Format: 'protocol::package'
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VCSCLIENTS=('bzr::breezy'
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'fossil::fossil'
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'git::git'
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'hg::mercurial'
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'svn::subversion')
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#########################################################################
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# ARCHITECTURE, COMPILE FLAGS
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#########################################################################
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#
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CARCH="x86_64"
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CHOST="x86_64-pc-linux-gnu"
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#-- Compiler and Linker Flags
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#CPPFLAGS=""
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CFLAGS="-march=x86-64 -mtune=generic -O2 -pipe -fno-plt -fexceptions \
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-Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3 -Wformat -Werror=format-security \
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-fstack-clash-protection -fcf-protection \
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-fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer"
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CXXFLAGS="$CFLAGS -Wp,-D_GLIBCXX_ASSERTIONS"
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LDFLAGS="-Wl,-O1 -Wl,--sort-common -Wl,--as-needed -Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-z,now \
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-Wl,-z,pack-relative-relocs"
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LTOFLAGS="-flto=auto"
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#-- Make Flags: change this for DistCC/SMP systems
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MAKEFLAGS="-j8"
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#-- Debugging flags
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DEBUG_CFLAGS="-g"
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DEBUG_CXXFLAGS="$DEBUG_CFLAGS"
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#########################################################################
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# BUILD ENVIRONMENT
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#########################################################################
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#
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# Makepkg defaults: BUILDENV=(!distcc !color !ccache check !sign)
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# A negated environment option will do the opposite of the comments below.
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#
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#-- distcc: Use the Distributed C/C++/ObjC compiler
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#-- color: Colorize output messages
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#-- ccache: Use ccache to cache compilation
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#-- check: Run the check() function if present in the PKGBUILD
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#-- sign: Generate PGP signature file
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#
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BUILDENV=(!distcc color !ccache check !sign)
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#
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#-- If using DistCC, your MAKEFLAGS will also need modification. In addition,
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#-- specify a space-delimited list of hosts running in the DistCC cluster.
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#DISTCC_HOSTS=""
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#-- Specify a directory for package building.
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BUILDDIR=/tmp/makepkg
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#########################################################################
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# GLOBAL PACKAGE OPTIONS
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# These are default values for the options=() settings
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#########################################################################
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#
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# Makepkg defaults: OPTIONS=(!strip docs libtool staticlibs emptydirs !zipman !purge !debug !lto !autodeps)
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# A negated option will do the opposite of the comments below.
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#
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#-- strip: Strip symbols from binaries/libraries
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#-- docs: Save doc directories specified by DOC_DIRS
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#-- libtool: Leave libtool (.la) files in packages
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#-- staticlibs: Leave static library (.a) files in packages
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#-- emptydirs: Leave empty directories in packages
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#-- zipman: Compress manual (man and info) pages in MAN_DIRS with gzip
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#-- purge: Remove files specified by PURGE_TARGETS
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#-- debug: Add debugging flags as specified in DEBUG_* variables
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#-- lto: Add compile flags for building with link time optimization
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#-- autodeps: Automatically add depends/provides
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#
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OPTIONS=(strip docs !libtool !staticlibs emptydirs zipman purge !debug lto)
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#-- File integrity checks to use. Valid: md5, sha1, sha224, sha256, sha384, sha512, b2
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INTEGRITY_CHECK=(sha256)
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#-- Options to be used when stripping binaries. See `man strip' for details.
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STRIP_BINARIES="--strip-all"
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#-- Options to be used when stripping shared libraries. See `man strip' for details.
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STRIP_SHARED="--strip-unneeded"
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#-- Options to be used when stripping static libraries. See `man strip' for details.
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STRIP_STATIC="--strip-debug"
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#-- Manual (man and info) directories to compress (if zipman is specified)
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MAN_DIRS=({usr{,/local}{,/share},opt/*}/{man,info})
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#-- Doc directories to remove (if !docs is specified)
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DOC_DIRS=(usr/{,local/}{,share/}{doc,gtk-doc} opt/*/{doc,gtk-doc})
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#-- Files to be removed from all packages (if purge is specified)
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PURGE_TARGETS=(usr/{,share}/info/dir .packlist *.pod)
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#-- Directory to store source code in for debug packages
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DBGSRCDIR="/usr/src/debug"
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#-- Prefix and directories for library autodeps
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LIB_DIRS=('lib:usr/lib' 'lib32:usr/lib32')
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#########################################################################
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# PACKAGE OUTPUT
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#########################################################################
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#
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# Default: put built package and cached source in build directory
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#
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#-- Destination: specify a fixed directory where all packages will be placed
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PKGDEST=/home/packages
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#-- Source cache: specify a fixed directory where source files will be cached
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SRCDEST=/home/sources
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#-- Source packages: specify a fixed directory where all src packages will be placed
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SRCPKGDEST=/home/srcpackages
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#-- Log files: specify a fixed directory where all log files will be placed
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#LOGDEST=/home/makepkglogs
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#-- Packager: name/email of the person or organization building packages
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PACKAGER="John Doe <john@doe.com>"
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#-- Specify a key to use for package signing
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GPGKEY=""
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#########################################################################
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# COMPRESSION DEFAULTS
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#########################################################################
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#
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COMPRESSGZ=(gzip -c -f -n)
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COMPRESSBZ2=(bzip2 -c -f)
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COMPRESSXZ=(xz -c -z -)
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COMPRESSZST=(zstd -c -T0 -)
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COMPRESSLRZ=(lrzip -q)
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COMPRESSLZO=(lzop -q)
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COMPRESSZ=(compress -c -f)
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COMPRESSLZ4=(lz4 -q)
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COMPRESSLZ=(lzip -c -f)
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#########################################################################
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# EXTENSION DEFAULTS
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#########################################################################
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#
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PKGEXT='.pkg.tar.zst'
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SRCEXT='.src.tar.gz'
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#########################################################################
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# OTHER
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#########################################################################
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#
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#-- Command used to run pacman as root, instead of trying sudo and su
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#PACMAN_AUTH=()
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# vim: set ft=sh ts=2 sw=2 et:
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```
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## Usage
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Make a package:
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```shell
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makepkg
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```
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Make a package and install its dependencies:
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```shell
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makepkg --syncdeps
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```
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Make a package, install its dependencies then install it to the system:
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```shell
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makepkg --syncdeps --install
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```
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Make a package, but skip checking the source's hashes:
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```shell
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makepkg --skipchecksums
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```
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Clean up work directories after a successful build:
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```shell
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makepkg --clean
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```
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Verify the hashes of the sources:
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```shell
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makepkg --verifysource
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```
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## Options
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| Option | Description |
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| ------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| `-A, --ignorearch` | Ignore a missing or incomplete arch field in the build script |
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| `-c, --clean` | Clean up leftover work files and directories after a successful build |
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| `-d, --nodeps` | Do not perform any dependency checks. This will let you override and ignore any dependencies required. There is a good chance this option will break the build process if all of the dependencies are not installed |
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| `-e, --noextract` | Do not extract source files or run the prepare() function (if present); use whatever source already exists in the $srcdir/ directory. This is handy if you want to go into $srcdir/ and manually patch or tweak code, then make a package out of the result. Keep in mind that creating a patch may be a better solution to allow others to use your [PKGBUILD](PKGBUILD.md). |
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| `--skipinteg` | Do not perform any integrity checks (checksum and [PGP](../../../cryptography/GPG.md)) on source files |
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| `--skipchecksums` | Do not verify checksums of source files |
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| `--skippgpcheck` | Do not verify [PGP](../../../cryptography/GPG.md) signatures of source files |
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| `-i, --install` | Install or upgrade the package after a successful build using [pacman](Pacman.md) |
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| `-o, --nobuild` | Download and extract files, run the prepare() function, but do not build them. Useful with the `--noextract` option if you wish to tweak the files in $srcdir/ before building |
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| `-r, --rmdeps` | Upon successful build, remove any dependencies installed by makepkg during dependency auto-resolution and installation |
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| `-s, --syncdeps` | Install missing dependencies using [pacman](Pacman.md). When build-time or run-time dependencies are not found, [pacman](Pacman.md) will try to resolve them. If successful, the missing packages will be downloaded and installed |
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| `-C, --cleanbuild` | Remove the $srcdir before building the package |
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| `-f, --force` | Overwrite package if it already exists |
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| `--noarchive` | Do not create the archive at the end of the build process. This can be useful to test the package() function or if your target distribution does not use [pacman](Pacman.md) |
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| `--sign` | Sign the resulting package with [gpg](../../../cryptography/GPG.md) |
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| `--nosign` | Do not create a signature for the built package |
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| `--key <key>` | Specify a key to use when signing packages |
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| `--noconfirm` | (Passed to [pacman](Pacman.md)) Prevent [pacman](Pacman.md) from waiting for user input before proceeding with operations |
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## Misc
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### Using mold linker
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[mold](../../development/mold.md) is a drop-in replacement for ld/lld linkers, which claims to be significantly faster.
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To use mold, append `-fuse-ld=mold` to `LDFLAGS`. For example:
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```sh
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# /etc/makepkg.conf
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LDFLAGS="... -fuse-ld=mold"
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```
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To pass extra options to mold, additionally add those to `LDFLAGS`. For example:
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```sh
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# /etc/makepkg.conf
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LDFLAGS="... -fuse-ld=mold -Wl,--separate-debug-file"
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```
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To use mold for Rust packages, append `-C link-arg=-fuse-ld=mold` to `RUSTFLAGS`. For example:
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```sh
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# /etc/makepkg.conf.d/rust.conf
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RUSTFLAGS="... -C link-arg=-fuse-ld=mold"
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```
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### Parallel compilation
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The make build system uses the `MAKEFLAGS` environment variable to specify additional options for make. The variable can also be set in the `makepkg.conf` file.
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Users with multi-core/multi-processor systems can specify the number of jobs to run simultaneously. This can be accomplished with the use of `nproc` to determine the number of available processors, e.g.
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```sh
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MAKEFLAGS="--jobs=$(nproc)".
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```
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Some `PKGBUILDs` specifically override this with `-j1`, because of race conditions in certain versions or simply because it is not supported in the first place.
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### Building from files in memory
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As compiling requires many I/O operations and handling of small files, moving the working directory to a [tmpfs](../../../linux/filesystems/tmpFS.md) may bring improvements in build times.
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The `BUILDDIR` variable can be temporarily exported to makepkg to set the build directory to an existing tmpfs. For example:
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```sh
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BUILDDIR=/tmp/makepkg makepkg
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```
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Persistent configuration can be done in `makepkg.conf` by uncommenting the `BUILDDIR` option, which is found at the end of the BUILD ENVIRONMENT section in the default `/etc/makepkg.conf` file. Setting its value to e.g. `BUILDDIR=/tmp/makepkg` will make use of the Arch's default `/tmp` temporary file system.
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> **Note:**
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> - Avoid compiling larger packages in tmpfs to prevent running out of memory.
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> - The tmpfs directory must be mounted without the `noexec` option, otherwise it will prevent built binaries from being executed.
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> - Keep in mind that packages compiled in tmpfs will not persist across reboot. Consider setting the `PKGDEST` option appropriately to move the built package automatically to a persistent directory.
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### Generate new checksums
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Install `pacman-contrib` and run the following command in the same directory as the [PKGBUILD](./PKGBUILD.md) file to generate new checksums:
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```sh
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updpkgsums
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```
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`updpkgsums` uses `makepkg --geninteg` to generate the checksums.
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The checksums can also be obtained with e.g `sha256sum` and added to the `sha256sums` array by hand.
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### Build from local source files
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If you want to make changes to the source code you can download the source code without building the package by using the `-o, --nobuild` Download and extract files only option.
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```sh
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makepkg -o
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```
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You can now make changes to the sources and then build the package by using the `-e, --noextract` Do not extract source files (use existing `$srcdir/` dir) option. Use the `-f` option to overwrite already built and existing packages.
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```sh
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makepkg -ef
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```
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