update coreutils
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@ -3,7 +3,9 @@ obj: application
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website: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/
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repo: https://git.savannah.gnu.org/git/coreutils.git
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wiki: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Core_Utilities
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rev: 2024-08-26
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---
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# GNU Core Utils
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The GNU Core Utilities or coreutils is a package of GNU software containing implementations for many of the basic tools, such as cat, ls, and rm, which are used on Unix-like operating systems.
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@ -15,7 +17,7 @@ Usage: `base64 [OPTION]... [FILE]`
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| Flag | Description |
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| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------- |
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| `-d, --decode` | Decode Input |
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| `-i, --ignore-garbage` | when decoding, ignore non-alphabet characters |
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| `-i, --ignore-garbage` | when decoding, ignore non-alphabet characters |
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## basename
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strip directory and suffix from filenames
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@ -49,7 +51,7 @@ Usage: `chmod [OPTION]... OCTAL-MODE FILE...`
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| `-f, --silent, --quiet` | suppress most error messages |
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| `-v, --verbose` | output a diagnostic for every file processed |
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| `--reference=RFILE` | use RFILE's mode instead of specifying MODE values. RFILE is always dereferenced if a symbolic link. |
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| `-R, --recursive` | change files and directories recursively | |
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| `-R, --recursive` | change files and directories recursively |
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## chown
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change file owner and group
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@ -62,7 +64,7 @@ Usage: `chown [OPTION]... [OWNER][:[GROUP]] FILE...`
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| `-f, --silent, --quiet` | suppress most error messages |
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| `-v, --verbose` | output a diagnostic for every file processed |
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| `--reference=RFILE` | use RFILE's owner and group rather than specifying OWNER:GROUP values. RFILE is always dereferenced. |
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| `-R, --recursive` | operate on files and directories recursively |
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| `-R, --recursive` | operate on files and directories recursively |
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## chroot
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run command or interactive shell with special root directory
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@ -75,7 +77,7 @@ Usage: `cksum [OPTION]... [FILE]...`
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### Options
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| Option | Description |
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| ---------------------- | ----------------------------- |
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| `-a, --algorithm=TYPE` | select the digest type to use |
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| `-a, --algorithm=TYPE` | select the digest type to use |
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### Digests
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- crc
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@ -103,7 +105,7 @@ Usage: `cp [OPTION]... SOURCE DEST`
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| `-u` | equivalent to `--update[=older]` |
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| `-v, --verbose` | explain what is being done |
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| `-x, --one-file-system` | stay on this file system |
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| `-b` | Create a backup file if destination already exists |
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| `-b` | Create a backup file if destination already exists |
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## cut
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remove sections from each line of files
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@ -115,18 +117,20 @@ Usage: `cut OPTION... [FILE]...`
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| `-d, --delimiter=DELIM` | use DELIM instead of TAB for field delimiter |
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| `-f, --fields=LIST` | select only these fields; also print any line that contains no delimiter character, unless the `-s` option is specified |
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| `-s, --only-delimited` | do not print lines not containing delimiters |
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| `--output-delimiter=STRING` | use STRING as the output delimiter the default is to use the input delimiter |
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| `--output-delimiter=STRING` | use STRING as the output delimiter the default is to use the input delimiter |
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## date
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print or set the system date and time
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Usage: `date [OPTION]... [+FORMAT]`
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### Options
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| Option | Description |
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| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------ |
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| `-d, --date=STRING` | display time described by STRING |
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| `-r, --reference=FILE` | display the last modification time of FILE |
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| `-s, --set=STRING` | set time described by STRING |
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| Option | Description |
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| ------------------------ | --------------------------------------------- |
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| `-d, --date=STRING` | display time described by STRING |
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| `-r, --reference=FILE` | display the last modification time of FILE |
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| `-s, --set=STRING` | set time described by STRING |
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| `-u, --utc, --universal` | print or set Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) |
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| `--iso` | print ISO date (`YYYY-MM-DD`) |
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## dd
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convert and copy a file
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@ -139,7 +143,7 @@ Usage: `dd [OPERAND]...`
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| `count=N` | copy only N input blocks |
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| `if=FILE` | read from FILE instead of stdin |
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| `of=FILE` | write to FILE instead of stdout |
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| `status=LEVEL` | The LEVEL of information to print to stderr; 'none' suppresses everything but error messages, 'noxfer' suppresses the final transfer statistics, 'progress' shows periodic transfer statistics |
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| `status=LEVEL` | The LEVEL of information to print to stderr; 'none' suppresses everything but error messages, 'noxfer' suppresses the final transfer statistics, 'progress' shows periodic transfer statistics |
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## df
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report file system space usage
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@ -165,7 +169,7 @@ Usage: `du [OPTION]... [FILE]...`
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| Option | Description |
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| ---------------------- | -------------------------------------- |
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| `-h, --human-readable` | print sizes in human readable format |
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| `-s, --summarize` | display only a total for each argument |
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| `-s, --summarize` | display only a total for each argument |
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## echo
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display a line of text
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@ -192,7 +196,7 @@ Usage: `echo [OPTION]... [STRING]...`
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| \t | horizontal tab |
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| \v | vertical tab |
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| \0NNN | byte with octal value NNN (1 to 3 digits) |
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| \xHH | byte with hexadecimal value HH (1 to 2) |
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| \xHH | byte with hexadecimal value HH (1 to 2) |
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## env
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run a program in a modified environment
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@ -282,14 +286,14 @@ list directory contents
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Usage: `ls [OPTION]... [FILE]...`
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### Options
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| Option | Description |
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| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------- |
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| `-a, --all` | do not ignore entries starting with . |
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| `-h, --human-readable` | with `-l` print sizes like 1K 234M 2G etc |
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| `-I, --ignore=PATTERN` | do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN |
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| `-l` | use a long listing format |
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| `-r, --reverse` | reverse order while sorting |
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| `-R, --recursive` | list subdirectories recursively |
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| Option | Description |
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| ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------- |
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| `-a, --all` | do not ignore entries starting with . |
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| `-h, --human-readable` | with `-l` print sizes like 1K 234M 2G etc |
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| `-I, --ignore=PATTERN` | do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN |
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| `-l` | use a long listing format |
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| `-r, --reverse` | reverse order while sorting |
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| `-R, --recursive` | list subdirectories recursively |
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## mkdir
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make directories
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@ -314,7 +318,7 @@ Usage: `mv [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY`
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| Option | Description |
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| ---------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
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| `-b` | make a backup of each existing destination file |
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| `-S, --suffix=SUFFIX` | override the usual backup suffix |
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| `-S, --suffix=SUFFIX` | override the usual backup suffix |
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| `-t, --target-directory=DIRECTORY` | copy all SOURCE arguments into DIRECTORY |
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| `-v, --verbose` | print the name of each created file or directory |
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@ -372,7 +376,7 @@ Usage: `rm [OPTION]... [FILE]...`
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| `--one-file-system` | when removing a hierarchy recursively, skip any directory that is on a file system different from that of the corresponding command line argument |
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| `-r, -R, --recursive` | remove directories and their contents recursively |
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| `-d, --dir` | remove empty directories |
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| `-v, --verbose` | explain what is being done |
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| `-v, --verbose` | explain what is being done |
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## rmdir
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remove empty directories
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@ -396,7 +400,7 @@ Usage:
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| ------------------------ | --------------------------------------------- |
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| `-f, --format=FORMAT` | use printf style floating-point FORMAT |
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| `-s, --separator=STRING` | use STRING to separate numbers (default: \n) |
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| `-w, --equal-width` | equalize width by padding with leading zeroes |
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| `-w, --equal-width` | equalize width by padding with leading zeroes |
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## shred
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overwrite a file to hide its contents, and optionally delete it
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@ -420,7 +424,7 @@ Usage: `shuf [OPTION]... [FILE]`
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| `-n, --head-count=COUNT` | output at most COUNT lines |
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| `-o, --output=FILE` | write result to FILE instead of standard output |
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| `--random-source=FILE` | get random bytes from FILE |
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| `-r, --repeat` | output lines can be repeated |
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| `-r, --repeat` | output lines can be repeated |
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## sleep
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delay for a specified amount of time
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@ -441,7 +445,7 @@ Usage: `sort [OPTION]... [FILE]...`
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| `-M, --month-sort` | compare (unknown) < 'JAN' < ... < 'DEC' |
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| `-h, --human-numeric-sort` | compare human readable numbers (e.g., 2K 1G) |
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| `-n, --numeric-sort` | compare according to string numerical value |
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| `-r, --reverse` | reverse the result of comparisons |
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| `-r, --reverse` | reverse the result of comparisons |
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## split
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split a file into pieces
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@ -499,7 +503,7 @@ Usage: `stat [OPTION]... FILE...`
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| %r | device type in decimal (st_rdev) |
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| %R | device type in hex (st_rdev) |
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| %Hr | major device type in decimal, for character/block device special files |
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| %Lr | minor device type in decimal, for character/block device special files |
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| %Lr | minor device type in decimal, for character/block device special files |
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| %t | major device type in hex, for character/block device special files |
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| %T | minor device type in hex, for character/block device special files |
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| %u | user ID of owner |
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@ -539,7 +543,7 @@ Usage: `tail [OPTION]... [FILE]...`
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| `-c, --bytes=[+]NUM` | output the last NUM bytes; or use `-c` +NUM to output starting with byte NUM of each file |
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| `-f` | output appended data as the file grows; |
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| `-n, --lines=[+]NUM` | output the last NUM lines, instead of the last 10; or use `-n` +NUM to skip NUM-1 lines at the start |
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| `--pid=PID` | with `-f`, terminate after process ID, PID dies |
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| `--pid=PID` | with `-f`, terminate after process ID, PID dies |
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## tee
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read from standard input and write to standard output and files
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@ -633,7 +637,7 @@ Usage: `wc [OPTION]... [FILE]...`
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| `-c, --bytes` | print the byte counts |
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| `-m, --chars` | print the character counts |
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| `-l, --lines` | print the newline counts |
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| `-w, --words` | print the word counts |
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| `-w, --words` | print the word counts |
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## whoami
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print effective user name
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