mirror of
https://github.com/git/git
synced 2024-08-27 11:39:22 +00:00
![Thomas Gummerer](/assets/img/avatar_default.png)
In 1ada5020b3
("stash: use stash_push for no verb form", 2017-02-28),
when the pathspec argument was introduced in 'git stash', that was also
documented. However I forgot to remove an extra square bracket after
the '--message' argument, even though the square bracket should have
been after the pathspec argument (where it was also added).
Remove the extra square bracket after the '--message' argument, to show
that the pathspec argument should be used with the 'push' verb.
While the pathspec argument can be used without the push verb, that's a
special case described later in the man page, and removing the first extra
square bracket instead of the second one makes the synopis easier to
understand.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gummerer <t.gummerer@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
301 lines
11 KiB
Plaintext
301 lines
11 KiB
Plaintext
git-stash(1)
|
|
============
|
|
|
|
NAME
|
|
----
|
|
git-stash - Stash the changes in a dirty working directory away
|
|
|
|
SYNOPSIS
|
|
--------
|
|
[verse]
|
|
'git stash' list [<options>]
|
|
'git stash' show [<stash>]
|
|
'git stash' drop [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]
|
|
'git stash' ( pop | apply ) [--index] [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]
|
|
'git stash' branch <branchname> [<stash>]
|
|
'git stash' [push [-p|--patch] [-k|--[no-]keep-index] [-q|--quiet]
|
|
[-u|--include-untracked] [-a|--all] [-m|--message <message>]
|
|
[--] [<pathspec>...]]
|
|
'git stash' clear
|
|
'git stash' create [<message>]
|
|
'git stash' store [-m|--message <message>] [-q|--quiet] <commit>
|
|
|
|
DESCRIPTION
|
|
-----------
|
|
|
|
Use `git stash` when you want to record the current state of the
|
|
working directory and the index, but want to go back to a clean
|
|
working directory. The command saves your local modifications away
|
|
and reverts the working directory to match the `HEAD` commit.
|
|
|
|
The modifications stashed away by this command can be listed with
|
|
`git stash list`, inspected with `git stash show`, and restored
|
|
(potentially on top of a different commit) with `git stash apply`.
|
|
Calling `git stash` without any arguments is equivalent to `git stash push`.
|
|
A stash is by default listed as "WIP on 'branchname' ...", but
|
|
you can give a more descriptive message on the command line when
|
|
you create one.
|
|
|
|
The latest stash you created is stored in `refs/stash`; older
|
|
stashes are found in the reflog of this reference and can be named using
|
|
the usual reflog syntax (e.g. `stash@{0}` is the most recently
|
|
created stash, `stash@{1}` is the one before it, `stash@{2.hours.ago}`
|
|
is also possible). Stashes may also be referenced by specifying just the
|
|
stash index (e.g. the integer `n` is equivalent to `stash@{n}`).
|
|
|
|
OPTIONS
|
|
-------
|
|
|
|
push [-p|--patch] [-k|--[no-]keep-index] [-u|--include-untracked] [-a|--all] [-q|--quiet] [-m|--message <message>] [--] [<pathspec>...]::
|
|
|
|
Save your local modifications to a new 'stash entry' and roll them
|
|
back to HEAD (in the working tree and in the index).
|
|
The <message> part is optional and gives
|
|
the description along with the stashed state.
|
|
+
|
|
For quickly making a snapshot, you can omit "push". In this mode,
|
|
non-option arguments are not allowed to prevent a misspelled
|
|
subcommand from making an unwanted stash entry. The two exceptions to this
|
|
are `stash -p` which acts as alias for `stash push -p` and pathspecs,
|
|
which are allowed after a double hyphen `--` for disambiguation.
|
|
+
|
|
When pathspec is given to 'git stash push', the new stash entry records the
|
|
modified states only for the files that match the pathspec. The index
|
|
entries and working tree files are then rolled back to the state in
|
|
HEAD only for these files, too, leaving files that do not match the
|
|
pathspec intact.
|
|
+
|
|
If the `--keep-index` option is used, all changes already added to the
|
|
index are left intact.
|
|
+
|
|
If the `--include-untracked` option is used, all untracked files are also
|
|
stashed and then cleaned up with `git clean`, leaving the working directory
|
|
in a very clean state. If the `--all` option is used instead then the
|
|
ignored files are stashed and cleaned in addition to the untracked files.
|
|
+
|
|
With `--patch`, you can interactively select hunks from the diff
|
|
between HEAD and the working tree to be stashed. The stash entry is
|
|
constructed such that its index state is the same as the index state
|
|
of your repository, and its worktree contains only the changes you
|
|
selected interactively. The selected changes are then rolled back
|
|
from your worktree. See the ``Interactive Mode'' section of
|
|
linkgit:git-add[1] to learn how to operate the `--patch` mode.
|
|
+
|
|
The `--patch` option implies `--keep-index`. You can use
|
|
`--no-keep-index` to override this.
|
|
|
|
save [-p|--patch] [-k|--[no-]keep-index] [-u|--include-untracked] [-a|--all] [-q|--quiet] [<message>]::
|
|
|
|
This option is deprecated in favour of 'git stash push'. It
|
|
differs from "stash push" in that it cannot take pathspecs,
|
|
and any non-option arguments form the message.
|
|
|
|
list [<options>]::
|
|
|
|
List the stash entries that you currently have. Each 'stash entry' is
|
|
listed with its name (e.g. `stash@{0}` is the latest entry, `stash@{1}` is
|
|
the one before, etc.), the name of the branch that was current when the
|
|
entry was made, and a short description of the commit the entry was
|
|
based on.
|
|
+
|
|
----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
stash@{0}: WIP on submit: 6ebd0e2... Update git-stash documentation
|
|
stash@{1}: On master: 9cc0589... Add git-stash
|
|
----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
+
|
|
The command takes options applicable to the 'git log'
|
|
command to control what is shown and how. See linkgit:git-log[1].
|
|
|
|
show [<stash>]::
|
|
|
|
Show the changes recorded in the stash entry as a diff between the
|
|
stashed contents and the commit back when the stash entry was first
|
|
created. When no `<stash>` is given, it shows the latest one.
|
|
By default, the command shows the diffstat, but it will accept any
|
|
format known to 'git diff' (e.g., `git stash show -p stash@{1}`
|
|
to view the second most recent entry in patch form).
|
|
You can use stash.showStat and/or stash.showPatch config variables
|
|
to change the default behavior.
|
|
|
|
pop [--index] [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]::
|
|
|
|
Remove a single stashed state from the stash list and apply it
|
|
on top of the current working tree state, i.e., do the inverse
|
|
operation of `git stash push`. The working directory must
|
|
match the index.
|
|
+
|
|
Applying the state can fail with conflicts; in this case, it is not
|
|
removed from the stash list. You need to resolve the conflicts by hand
|
|
and call `git stash drop` manually afterwards.
|
|
+
|
|
If the `--index` option is used, then tries to reinstate not only the working
|
|
tree's changes, but also the index's ones. However, this can fail, when you
|
|
have conflicts (which are stored in the index, where you therefore can no
|
|
longer apply the changes as they were originally).
|
|
+
|
|
When no `<stash>` is given, `stash@{0}` is assumed, otherwise `<stash>` must
|
|
be a reference of the form `stash@{<revision>}`.
|
|
|
|
apply [--index] [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]::
|
|
|
|
Like `pop`, but do not remove the state from the stash list. Unlike `pop`,
|
|
`<stash>` may be any commit that looks like a commit created by
|
|
`stash push` or `stash create`.
|
|
|
|
branch <branchname> [<stash>]::
|
|
|
|
Creates and checks out a new branch named `<branchname>` starting from
|
|
the commit at which the `<stash>` was originally created, applies the
|
|
changes recorded in `<stash>` to the new working tree and index.
|
|
If that succeeds, and `<stash>` is a reference of the form
|
|
`stash@{<revision>}`, it then drops the `<stash>`. When no `<stash>`
|
|
is given, applies the latest one.
|
|
+
|
|
This is useful if the branch on which you ran `git stash push` has
|
|
changed enough that `git stash apply` fails due to conflicts. Since
|
|
the stash entry is applied on top of the commit that was HEAD at the
|
|
time `git stash` was run, it restores the originally stashed state
|
|
with no conflicts.
|
|
|
|
clear::
|
|
Remove all the stash entries. Note that those entries will then
|
|
be subject to pruning, and may be impossible to recover (see
|
|
'Examples' below for a possible strategy).
|
|
|
|
drop [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]::
|
|
|
|
Remove a single stash entry from the list of stash entries.
|
|
When no `<stash>` is given, it removes the latest one.
|
|
i.e. `stash@{0}`, otherwise `<stash>` must be a valid stash
|
|
log reference of the form `stash@{<revision>}`.
|
|
|
|
create::
|
|
|
|
Create a stash entry (which is a regular commit object) and
|
|
return its object name, without storing it anywhere in the ref
|
|
namespace.
|
|
This is intended to be useful for scripts. It is probably not
|
|
the command you want to use; see "push" above.
|
|
|
|
store::
|
|
|
|
Store a given stash created via 'git stash create' (which is a
|
|
dangling merge commit) in the stash ref, updating the stash
|
|
reflog. This is intended to be useful for scripts. It is
|
|
probably not the command you want to use; see "push" above.
|
|
|
|
DISCUSSION
|
|
----------
|
|
|
|
A stash entry is represented as a commit whose tree records the state
|
|
of the working directory, and its first parent is the commit at `HEAD`
|
|
when the entry was created. The tree of the second parent records the
|
|
state of the index when the entry is made, and it is made a child of
|
|
the `HEAD` commit. The ancestry graph looks like this:
|
|
|
|
.----W
|
|
/ /
|
|
-----H----I
|
|
|
|
where `H` is the `HEAD` commit, `I` is a commit that records the state
|
|
of the index, and `W` is a commit that records the state of the working
|
|
tree.
|
|
|
|
|
|
EXAMPLES
|
|
--------
|
|
|
|
Pulling into a dirty tree::
|
|
|
|
When you are in the middle of something, you learn that there are
|
|
upstream changes that are possibly relevant to what you are
|
|
doing. When your local changes do not conflict with the changes in
|
|
the upstream, a simple `git pull` will let you move forward.
|
|
+
|
|
However, there are cases in which your local changes do conflict with
|
|
the upstream changes, and `git pull` refuses to overwrite your
|
|
changes. In such a case, you can stash your changes away,
|
|
perform a pull, and then unstash, like this:
|
|
+
|
|
----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
$ git pull
|
|
...
|
|
file foobar not up to date, cannot merge.
|
|
$ git stash
|
|
$ git pull
|
|
$ git stash pop
|
|
----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
Interrupted workflow::
|
|
|
|
When you are in the middle of something, your boss comes in and
|
|
demands that you fix something immediately. Traditionally, you would
|
|
make a commit to a temporary branch to store your changes away, and
|
|
return to your original branch to make the emergency fix, like this:
|
|
+
|
|
----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
# ... hack hack hack ...
|
|
$ git checkout -b my_wip
|
|
$ git commit -a -m "WIP"
|
|
$ git checkout master
|
|
$ edit emergency fix
|
|
$ git commit -a -m "Fix in a hurry"
|
|
$ git checkout my_wip
|
|
$ git reset --soft HEAD^
|
|
# ... continue hacking ...
|
|
----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
+
|
|
You can use 'git stash' to simplify the above, like this:
|
|
+
|
|
----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
# ... hack hack hack ...
|
|
$ git stash
|
|
$ edit emergency fix
|
|
$ git commit -a -m "Fix in a hurry"
|
|
$ git stash pop
|
|
# ... continue hacking ...
|
|
----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
Testing partial commits::
|
|
|
|
You can use `git stash push --keep-index` when you want to make two or
|
|
more commits out of the changes in the work tree, and you want to test
|
|
each change before committing:
|
|
+
|
|
----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
# ... hack hack hack ...
|
|
$ git add --patch foo # add just first part to the index
|
|
$ git stash push --keep-index # save all other changes to the stash
|
|
$ edit/build/test first part
|
|
$ git commit -m 'First part' # commit fully tested change
|
|
$ git stash pop # prepare to work on all other changes
|
|
# ... repeat above five steps until one commit remains ...
|
|
$ edit/build/test remaining parts
|
|
$ git commit foo -m 'Remaining parts'
|
|
----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
Recovering stash entries that were cleared/dropped erroneously::
|
|
|
|
If you mistakenly drop or clear stash entries, they cannot be recovered
|
|
through the normal safety mechanisms. However, you can try the
|
|
following incantation to get a list of stash entries that are still in
|
|
your repository, but not reachable any more:
|
|
+
|
|
----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
git fsck --unreachable |
|
|
grep commit | cut -d\ -f3 |
|
|
xargs git log --merges --no-walk --grep=WIP
|
|
----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
SEE ALSO
|
|
--------
|
|
linkgit:git-checkout[1],
|
|
linkgit:git-commit[1],
|
|
linkgit:git-reflog[1],
|
|
linkgit:git-reset[1]
|
|
|
|
GIT
|
|
---
|
|
Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
|