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![Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason](/assets/img/avatar_default.png)
Replace the perl/Makefile.PL and the fallback perl/Makefile used under NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER=NoThanks with a much simpler implementation heavily inspired by how the i18n infrastructure's build process works[1]. The reason for having the Makefile.PL in the first place is that it was initially[2] building a perl C binding to interface with libgit, this functionality, that was removed[3] before Git.pm ever made it to the master branch. We've since since started maintaining a fallback perl/Makefile, as MakeMaker wouldn't work on some platforms[4]. That's just the tip of the iceberg. We have the PM.stamp hack in the top-level Makefile[5] to detect whether we need to regenerate the perl/perl.mak, which I fixed just recently to deal with issues like the perl version changing from under us[6]. There is absolutely no reason for why this needs to be so complex anymore. All we're getting out of this elaborate Rube Goldberg machine was copying perl/* to perl/blib/* as we do a string-replacement on the *.pm files to hardcode @@LOCALEDIR@@ in the source, as well as pod2man-ing Git.pm & friends. So replace the whole thing with something that's pretty much a copy of how we generate po/build/**.mo from po/*.po, just with a small sed(1) command instead of msgfmt. As that's being done rename the files from *.pm to *.pmc just to indicate that they're generated (see "perldoc -f require"). While I'm at it, change the fallback for Error.pm from being something where we'll ship our own Error.pm if one doesn't exist at build time to one where we just use a Git::Error wrapper that'll always prefer the system-wide Error.pm, only falling back to our own copy if it really doesn't exist at runtime. It's now shipped as Git::FromCPAN::Error, making it easy to add other modules to Git::FromCPAN::* in the future if that's needed. Functional changes: * This will not always install into perl's idea of its global "installsitelib". This only potentially matters for packagers that need to expose Git.pm for non-git use, and as explained in the INSTALL file there's a trivial workaround. * The scripts themselves will 'use lib' the target directory, but if INSTLIBDIR is set it overrides it. It doesn't have to be this way, it could be set in addition to INSTLIBDIR, but my reading of [7] is that this is the desired behavior. * We don't build man pages for all of the perl modules as we used to, only Git(3pm). As discussed on-list[8] that we were building installed manpages for purely internal APIs like Git::I18N or private-Error.pm was always a bug anyway, and all the Git::SVN::* ones say they're internal APIs. There are apparently external users of Git.pm, but I don't expect there to be any of the others. As a side-effect of these general changes the perl documentation now only installed by install-{doc,man}, not a mere "install" as before. 1.5e9637c629
("i18n: add infrastructure for translating Git with gettext", 2011-11-18) 2.b1edc53d06
("Introduce Git.pm (v4)", 2006-06-24) 3.18b0fc1ce1
("Git.pm: Kill Git.xs for now", 2006-09-23) 4.f848718a69
("Make perl/ build procedure ActiveState friendly.", 2006-12-04) 5.ee9be06770
("perl: detect new files in MakeMaker builds", 2012-07-27) 6.c59c4939c2
("perl: regenerate perl.mak if perl -V changes", 2017-03-29) 7.0386dd37b1
("Makefile: add PERLLIB_EXTRA variable that adds to default perl path", 2013-11-15) 8. 87bmjjv1pu.fsf@evledraar.booking.com ("Re: [PATCH] Makefile: replace perl/Makefile.PL with simple make rules" Signed-off-by: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
239 lines
9.7 KiB
Plaintext
239 lines
9.7 KiB
Plaintext
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Git installation
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Normally you can just do "make" followed by "make install", and that
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will install the git programs in your own ~/bin/ directory. If you want
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to do a global install, you can do
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$ make prefix=/usr all doc info ;# as yourself
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# make prefix=/usr install install-doc install-html install-info ;# as root
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(or prefix=/usr/local, of course). Just like any program suite
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that uses $prefix, the built results have some paths encoded,
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which are derived from $prefix, so "make all; make prefix=/usr
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install" would not work.
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The beginning of the Makefile documents many variables that affect the way
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git is built. You can override them either from the command line, or in a
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config.mak file.
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Alternatively you can use autoconf generated ./configure script to
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set up install paths (via config.mak.autogen), so you can write instead
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$ make configure ;# as yourself
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$ ./configure --prefix=/usr ;# as yourself
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$ make all doc ;# as yourself
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# make install install-doc install-html;# as root
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If you're willing to trade off (much) longer build time for a later
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faster git you can also do a profile feedback build with
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$ make prefix=/usr profile
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# make prefix=/usr PROFILE=BUILD install
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This will run the complete test suite as training workload and then
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rebuild git with the generated profile feedback. This results in a git
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which is a few percent faster on CPU intensive workloads. This
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may be a good tradeoff for distribution packagers.
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Alternatively you can run profile feedback only with the git benchmark
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suite. This runs significantly faster than the full test suite, but
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has less coverage:
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$ make prefix=/usr profile-fast
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# make prefix=/usr PROFILE=BUILD install
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Or if you just want to install a profile-optimized version of git into
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your home directory, you could run:
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$ make profile-install
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or
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$ make profile-fast-install
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As a caveat: a profile-optimized build takes a *lot* longer since the
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git tree must be built twice, and in order for the profiling
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measurements to work properly, ccache must be disabled and the test
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suite has to be run using only a single CPU. In addition, the profile
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feedback build stage currently generates a lot of additional compiler
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warnings.
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Issues of note:
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- Ancient versions of GNU Interactive Tools (pre-4.9.2) installed a
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program "git", whose name conflicts with this program. But with
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version 4.9.2, after long hiatus without active maintenance (since
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around 1997), it changed its name to gnuit and the name conflict is no
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longer a problem.
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NOTE: When compiled with backward compatibility option, the GNU
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Interactive Tools package still can install "git", but you can build it
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with --disable-transition option to avoid this.
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- You can use git after building but without installing if you want
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to test drive it. Simply run git found in bin-wrappers directory
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in the build directory, or prepend that directory to your $PATH.
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This however is less efficient than running an installed git, as
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you always need an extra fork+exec to run any git subcommand.
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It is still possible to use git without installing by setting a few
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environment variables, which was the way this was done
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traditionally. But using git found in bin-wrappers directory in
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the build directory is far simpler. As a historical reference, the
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old way went like this:
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GIT_EXEC_PATH=`pwd`
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PATH=`pwd`:$PATH
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GITPERLLIB=`pwd`/perl/build/lib
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export GIT_EXEC_PATH PATH GITPERLLIB
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- By default (unless NO_PERL is provided) Git will ship various perl
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scripts & libraries it needs. However, for simplicity it doesn't
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use the ExtUtils::MakeMaker toolchain to decide where to place the
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perl libraries. Depending on the system this can result in the perl
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libraries not being where you'd like them if they're expected to be
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used by things other than Git itself.
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Manually supplying a perllibdir prefix should fix this, if this is
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a problem you care about, e.g.:
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prefix=/usr perllibdir=/usr/$(/usr/bin/perl -MConfig -wle 'print substr $Config{installsitelib}, 1 + length $Config{siteprefixexp}')
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Will result in e.g. perllibdir=/usr/share/perl/5.26.1 on Debian,
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perllibdir=/usr/share/perl5 (which we'd use by default) on CentOS.
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- Git is reasonably self-sufficient, but does depend on a few external
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programs and libraries. Git can be used without most of them by adding
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the approriate "NO_<LIBRARY>=YesPlease" to the make command line or
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config.mak file.
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- "zlib", the compression library. Git won't build without it.
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- "ssh" is used to push and pull over the net.
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- A POSIX-compliant shell is required to run many scripts needed
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for everyday use (e.g. "bisect", "pull").
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- "Perl" version 5.8 or later is needed to use some of the
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features (e.g. preparing a partial commit using "git add -i/-p",
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interacting with svn repositories with "git svn"). If you can
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live without these, use NO_PERL. Note that recent releases of
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Redhat/Fedora are reported to ship Perl binary package with some
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core modules stripped away (see http://lwn.net/Articles/477234/),
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so you might need to install additional packages other than Perl
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itself, e.g. Time::HiRes.
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- git-imap-send needs the OpenSSL library to talk IMAP over SSL if
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you are using libcurl older than 7.34.0. Otherwise you can use
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NO_OPENSSL without losing git-imap-send.
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By default, git uses OpenSSL for SHA1 but it will use its own
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library (inspired by Mozilla's) with either NO_OPENSSL or
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BLK_SHA1. Also included is a version optimized for PowerPC
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(PPC_SHA1).
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- "libcurl" library is used by git-http-fetch, git-fetch, and, if
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the curl version >= 7.34.0, for git-imap-send. You might also
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want the "curl" executable for debugging purposes. If you do not
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use http:// or https:// repositories, and do not want to put
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patches into an IMAP mailbox, you do not have to have them
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(use NO_CURL).
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- "expat" library; git-http-push uses it for remote lock
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management over DAV. Similar to "curl" above, this is optional
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(with NO_EXPAT).
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- "wish", the Tcl/Tk windowing shell is used in gitk to show the
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history graphically, and in git-gui. If you don't want gitk or
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git-gui, you can use NO_TCLTK.
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- A gettext library is used by default for localizing Git. The
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primary target is GNU libintl, but the Solaris gettext
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implementation also works.
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We need a gettext.h on the system for C code, gettext.sh (or
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Solaris gettext(1)) for shell scripts, and libintl-perl for Perl
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programs.
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Set NO_GETTEXT to disable localization support and make Git only
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use English. Under autoconf the configure script will do this
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automatically if it can't find libintl on the system.
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- Python version 2.4 or later (but not 3.x, which is not
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supported by Perforce) is needed to use the git-p4 interface
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to Perforce.
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- Some platform specific issues are dealt with Makefile rules,
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but depending on your specific installation, you may not
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have all the libraries/tools needed, or you may have
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necessary libraries at unusual locations. Please look at the
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top of the Makefile to see what can be adjusted for your needs.
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You can place local settings in config.mak and the Makefile
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will include them. Note that config.mak is not distributed;
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the name is reserved for local settings.
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- To build and install documentation suite, you need to have
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the asciidoc/xmlto toolchain. Because not many people are
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inclined to install the tools, the default build target
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("make all") does _not_ build them.
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"make doc" builds documentation in man and html formats; there are
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also "make man", "make html" and "make info". Note that "make html"
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requires asciidoc, but not xmlto. "make man" (and thus make doc)
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requires both.
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"make install-doc" installs documentation in man format only; there
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are also "make install-man", "make install-html" and "make
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install-info".
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Building and installing the info file additionally requires
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makeinfo and docbook2X. Version 0.8.3 is known to work.
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Building and installing the pdf file additionally requires
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dblatex. Version >= 0.2.7 is known to work.
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All formats require at least asciidoc 8.4.1.
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There are also "make quick-install-doc", "make quick-install-man"
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and "make quick-install-html" which install preformatted man pages
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and html documentation. To use these build targets, you need to
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clone two separate git-htmldocs and git-manpages repositories next
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to the clone of git itself.
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It has been reported that docbook-xsl version 1.72 and 1.73 are
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buggy; 1.72 misformats manual pages for callouts, and 1.73 needs
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the patch in contrib/patches/docbook-xsl-manpages-charmap.patch
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Users attempting to build the documentation on Cygwin may need to ensure
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that the /etc/xml/catalog file looks something like this:
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<?xml version="1.0"?>
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<!DOCTYPE catalog PUBLIC
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"-//OASIS//DTD Entity Resolution XML Catalog V1.0//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/entity/release/1.0/catalog.dtd"
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>
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<catalog xmlns="urn:oasis:names:tc:entity:xmlns:xml:catalog">
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<rewriteURI
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uriStartString = "http://docbook.sourceforge.net/release/xsl/current"
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rewritePrefix = "/usr/share/sgml/docbook/xsl-stylesheets"
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/>
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<rewriteURI
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uriStartString="http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5"
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rewritePrefix="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/xml-dtd-4.5"
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/>
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</catalog>
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This can be achieved with the following two xmlcatalog commands:
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xmlcatalog --noout \
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--add rewriteURI \
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http://docbook.sourceforge.net/release/xsl/current \
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/usr/share/sgml/docbook/xsl-stylesheets \
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/etc/xml/catalog
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xmlcatalog --noout \
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--add rewriteURI \
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http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/xsl/current \
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/usr/share/sgml/docbook/xml-dtd-4.5 \
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/etc/xml/catalog
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