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* maint: t1010-mktree: Adjust expected result to code and documentation combined diff: correctly handle truncated file Document new "already-merged" rule for branch -d
243 lines
8.1 KiB
Text
243 lines
8.1 KiB
Text
git-branch(1)
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=============
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NAME
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----
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git-branch - List, create, or delete branches
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SYNOPSIS
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--------
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[verse]
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'git branch' [--color[=<when>] | --no-color] [-r | -a]
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[-v [--abbrev=<length> | --no-abbrev]]
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[(--merged | --no-merged | --contains) [<commit>]]
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'git branch' [--set-upstream | --track | --no-track] [-l] [-f] <branchname> [<start-point>]
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'git branch' (-m | -M) [<oldbranch>] <newbranch>
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'git branch' (-d | -D) [-r] <branchname>...
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DESCRIPTION
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-----------
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With no arguments, existing branches are listed and the current branch will
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be highlighted with an asterisk. Option `-r` causes the remote-tracking
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branches to be listed, and option `-a` shows both.
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With `--contains`, shows only the branches that contain the named commit
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(in other words, the branches whose tip commits are descendants of the
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named commit). With `--merged`, only branches merged into the named
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commit (i.e. the branches whose tip commits are reachable from the named
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commit) will be listed. With `--no-merged` only branches not merged into
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the named commit will be listed. If the <commit> argument is missing it
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defaults to 'HEAD' (i.e. the tip of the current branch).
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The command's second form creates a new branch head named <branchname>
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which points to the current 'HEAD', or <start-point> if given.
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Note that this will create the new branch, but it will not switch the
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working tree to it; use "git checkout <newbranch>" to switch to the
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new branch.
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When a local branch is started off a remote branch, git sets up the
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branch so that 'git pull' will appropriately merge from
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the remote branch. This behavior may be changed via the global
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`branch.autosetupmerge` configuration flag. That setting can be
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overridden by using the `--track` and `--no-track` options.
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With a '-m' or '-M' option, <oldbranch> will be renamed to <newbranch>.
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If <oldbranch> had a corresponding reflog, it is renamed to match
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<newbranch>, and a reflog entry is created to remember the branch
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renaming. If <newbranch> exists, -M must be used to force the rename
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to happen.
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With a `-d` or `-D` option, `<branchname>` will be deleted. You may
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specify more than one branch for deletion. If the branch currently
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has a reflog then the reflog will also be deleted.
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Use -r together with -d to delete remote-tracking branches. Note, that it
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only makes sense to delete remote-tracking branches if they no longer exist
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in the remote repository or if 'git fetch' was configured not to fetch
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them again. See also the 'prune' subcommand of linkgit:git-remote[1] for a
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way to clean up all obsolete remote-tracking branches.
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OPTIONS
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-------
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-d::
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Delete a branch. The branch must be fully merged in its
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upstream branch, or in `HEAD` if no upstream was set with
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`--track` or `--set-upstream`.
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-D::
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Delete a branch irrespective of its merged status.
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-l::
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Create the branch's reflog. This activates recording of
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all changes made to the branch ref, enabling use of date
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based sha1 expressions such as "<branchname>@\{yesterday}".
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Note that in non-bare repositories, reflogs are usually
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enabled by default by the `core.logallrefupdates` config option.
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-f::
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--force::
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Reset <branchname> to <startpoint> if <branchname> exists
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already. Without `-f` 'git branch' refuses to change an existing branch.
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-m::
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Move/rename a branch and the corresponding reflog.
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-M::
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Move/rename a branch even if the new branch name already exists.
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--color[=<when>]::
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Color branches to highlight current, local, and remote branches.
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The value must be always (the default), never, or auto.
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--no-color::
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Turn off branch colors, even when the configuration file gives the
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default to color output.
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Same as `--color=never`.
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-r::
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List or delete (if used with -d) the remote-tracking branches.
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-a::
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List both remote-tracking branches and local branches.
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-v::
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--verbose::
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Show sha1 and commit subject line for each head, along with
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relationship to upstream branch (if any). If given twice, print
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the name of the upstream branch, as well.
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--abbrev=<length>::
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Alter the sha1's minimum display length in the output listing.
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The default value is 7.
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--no-abbrev::
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Display the full sha1s in the output listing rather than abbreviating them.
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-t::
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--track::
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When creating a new branch, set up configuration to mark the
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start-point branch as "upstream" from the new branch. This
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configuration will tell git to show the relationship between the
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two branches in `git status` and `git branch -v`. Furthermore,
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it directs `git pull` without arguments to pull from the
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upstream when the new branch is checked out.
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+
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This behavior is the default when the start point is a remote branch.
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Set the branch.autosetupmerge configuration variable to `false` if you
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want `git checkout` and `git branch` to always behave as if '--no-track'
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were given. Set it to `always` if you want this behavior when the
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start-point is either a local or remote branch.
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--no-track::
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Do not set up "upstream" configuration, even if the
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branch.autosetupmerge configuration variable is true.
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--set-upstream::
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If specified branch does not exist yet or if '--force' has been
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given, acts exactly like '--track'. Otherwise sets up configuration
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like '--track' would when creating the branch, except that where
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branch points to is not changed.
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--contains <commit>::
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Only list branches which contain the specified commit.
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--merged [<commit>]::
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Only list branches whose tips are reachable from the
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specified commit (HEAD if not specified).
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--no-merged [<commit>]::
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Only list branches whose tips are not reachable from the
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specified commit (HEAD if not specified).
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<branchname>::
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The name of the branch to create or delete.
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The new branch name must pass all checks defined by
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linkgit:git-check-ref-format[1]. Some of these checks
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may restrict the characters allowed in a branch name.
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<start-point>::
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The new branch head will point to this commit. It may be
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given as a branch name, a commit-id, or a tag. If this
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option is omitted, the current HEAD will be used instead.
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<oldbranch>::
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The name of an existing branch to rename.
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<newbranch>::
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The new name for an existing branch. The same restrictions as for
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<branchname> apply.
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Examples
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--------
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Start development from a known tag::
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+
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------------
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$ git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/.../linux-2.6 my2.6
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$ cd my2.6
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$ git branch my2.6.14 v2.6.14 <1>
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$ git checkout my2.6.14
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------------
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+
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<1> This step and the next one could be combined into a single step with
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"checkout -b my2.6.14 v2.6.14".
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Delete an unneeded branch::
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+
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------------
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$ git clone git://git.kernel.org/.../git.git my.git
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$ cd my.git
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$ git branch -d -r origin/todo origin/html origin/man <1>
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$ git branch -D test <2>
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------------
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+
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<1> Delete the remote-tracking branches "todo", "html" and "man". The next
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'fetch' or 'pull' will create them again unless you configure them not to.
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See linkgit:git-fetch[1].
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<2> Delete the "test" branch even if the "master" branch (or whichever branch
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is currently checked out) does not have all commits from the test branch.
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Notes
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-----
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If you are creating a branch that you want to checkout immediately, it is
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easier to use the git checkout command with its `-b` option to create
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a branch and check it out with a single command.
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The options `--contains`, `--merged` and `--no-merged` serve three related
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but different purposes:
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- `--contains <commit>` is used to find all branches which will need
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special attention if <commit> were to be rebased or amended, since those
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branches contain the specified <commit>.
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- `--merged` is used to find all branches which can be safely deleted,
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since those branches are fully contained by HEAD.
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- `--no-merged` is used to find branches which are candidates for merging
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into HEAD, since those branches are not fully contained by HEAD.
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SEE ALSO
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--------
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linkgit:git-check-ref-format[1],
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linkgit:git-fetch[1],
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linkgit:git-remote[1],
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link:user-manual.html#what-is-a-branch[``Understanding history: What is
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a branch?''] in the Git User's Manual.
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Author
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------
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Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> and Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Documentation
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--------------
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Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
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GIT
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---
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Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
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