git/Documentation/git-log.txt
Jeff King 6cf378f0cb docs: stop using asciidoc no-inline-literal
In asciidoc 7, backticks like `foo` produced a typographic
effect, but did not otherwise affect the syntax. In asciidoc
8, backticks introduce an "inline literal" inside which markup
is not interpreted. To keep compatibility with existing
documents, asciidoc 8 has a "no-inline-literal" attribute to
keep the old behavior. We enabled this so that the
documentation could be built on either version.

It has been several years now, and asciidoc 7 is no longer
in wide use. We can now decide whether or not we want
inline literals on their own merits, which are:

  1. The source is much easier to read when the literal
     contains punctuation. You can use `master~1` instead
     of `master{tilde}1`.

  2. They are less error-prone. Because of point (1), we
     tend to make mistakes and forget the extra layer of
     quoting.

This patch removes the no-inline-literal attribute from the
Makefile and converts every use of backticks in the
documentation to an inline literal (they must be cleaned up,
or the example above would literally show "{tilde}" in the
output).

Problematic sites were found by grepping for '`.*[{\\]' and
examined and fixed manually. The results were then verified
by comparing the output of "html2text" on the set of
generated html pages. Doing so revealed that in addition to
making the source more readable, this patch fixes several
formatting bugs:

  - HTML rendering used the ellipsis character instead of
    literal "..." in code examples (like "git log A...B")

  - some code examples used the right-arrow character
    instead of '->' because they failed to quote

  - api-config.txt did not quote tilde, and the resulting
    HTML contained a bogus snippet like:

      <tt><sub></tt> foo <tt></sub>bar</tt>

    which caused some parsers to choke and omit whole
    sections of the page.

  - git-commit.txt confused ``foo`` (backticks inside a
    literal) with ``foo'' (matched double-quotes)

  - mentions of `A U Thor <author@example.com>` used to
    erroneously auto-generate a mailto footnote for
    author@example.com

  - the description of --word-diff=plain incorrectly showed
    the output as "[-removed-] and {added}", not "{+added+}".

  - using "prime" notation like:

      commit `C` and its replacement `C'`

    confused asciidoc into thinking that everything between
    the first backtick and the final apostrophe were meant
    to be inside matched quotes

  - asciidoc got confused by the escaping of some of our
    asterisks. In particular,

      `credential.\*` and `credential.<url>.\*`

    properly escaped the asterisk in the first case, but
    literally passed through the backslash in the second
    case.

Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2012-04-26 13:19:06 -07:00

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git-log(1)
==========
NAME
----
git-log - Show commit logs
SYNOPSIS
--------
[verse]
'git log' [<options>] [<since>..<until>] [[\--] <path>...]
DESCRIPTION
-----------
Shows the commit logs.
The command takes options applicable to the 'git rev-list'
command to control what is shown and how, and options applicable to
the 'git diff-*' commands to control how the changes
each commit introduces are shown.
OPTIONS
-------
-<n>::
Limits the number of commits to show.
Note that this is a commit limiting option, see below.
<since>..<until>::
Show only commits between the named two commits. When
either <since> or <until> is omitted, it defaults to
`HEAD`, i.e. the tip of the current branch.
For a more complete list of ways to spell <since>
and <until>, see linkgit:gitrevisions[7].
--follow::
Continue listing the history of a file beyond renames
(works only for a single file).
--no-decorate::
--decorate[=short|full|no]::
Print out the ref names of any commits that are shown. If 'short' is
specified, the ref name prefixes 'refs/heads/', 'refs/tags/' and
'refs/remotes/' will not be printed. If 'full' is specified, the
full ref name (including prefix) will be printed. The default option
is 'short'.
--source::
Print out the ref name given on the command line by which each
commit was reached.
--full-diff::
Without this flag, "git log -p <path>..." shows commits that
touch the specified paths, and diffs about the same specified
paths. With this, the full diff is shown for commits that touch
the specified paths; this means that "<path>..." limits only
commits, and doesn't limit diff for those commits.
+
Note that this affects all diff-based output types, e.g. those
produced by --stat etc.
--log-size::
Before the log message print out its size in bytes. Intended
mainly for porcelain tools consumption. If git is unable to
produce a valid value size is set to zero.
Note that only message is considered, if also a diff is shown
its size is not included.
[\--] <path>...::
Show only commits that are enough to explain how the files
that match the specified paths came to be. See "History
Simplification" below for details and other simplification
modes.
+
To prevent confusion with options and branch names, paths may need to
be prefixed with "\-- " to separate them from options or refnames.
include::rev-list-options.txt[]
include::pretty-formats.txt[]
Common diff options
-------------------
:git-log: 1
include::diff-options.txt[]
include::diff-generate-patch.txt[]
Examples
--------
`git log --no-merges`::
Show the whole commit history, but skip any merges
`git log v2.6.12.. include/scsi drivers/scsi`::
Show all commits since version 'v2.6.12' that changed any file
in the include/scsi or drivers/scsi subdirectories
`git log --since="2 weeks ago" -- gitk`::
Show the changes during the last two weeks to the file 'gitk'.
The "--" is necessary to avoid confusion with the *branch* named
'gitk'
`git log --name-status release..test`::
Show the commits that are in the "test" branch but not yet
in the "release" branch, along with the list of paths
each commit modifies.
`git log --follow builtin-rev-list.c`::
Shows the commits that changed builtin-rev-list.c, including
those commits that occurred before the file was given its
present name.
`git log --branches --not --remotes=origin`::
Shows all commits that are in any of local branches but not in
any of remote-tracking branches for 'origin' (what you have that
origin doesn't).
`git log master --not --remotes=*/master`::
Shows all commits that are in local master but not in any remote
repository master branches.
`git log -p -m --first-parent`::
Shows the history including change diffs, but only from the
"main branch" perspective, skipping commits that come from merged
branches, and showing full diffs of changes introduced by the merges.
This makes sense only when following a strict policy of merging all
topic branches when staying on a single integration branch.
Discussion
----------
include::i18n.txt[]
Configuration
-------------
See linkgit:git-config[1] for core variables and linkgit:git-diff[1]
for settings related to diff generation.
format.pretty::
Default for the `--format` option. (See "PRETTY FORMATS" above.)
Defaults to "medium".
i18n.logOutputEncoding::
Encoding to use when displaying logs. (See "Discussion", above.)
Defaults to the value of `i18n.commitEncoding` if set, UTF-8
otherwise.
log.date::
Default format for human-readable dates. (Compare the
`--date` option.) Defaults to "default", which means to write
dates like `Sat May 8 19:35:34 2010 -0500`.
log.showroot::
If `false`, 'git log' and related commands will not treat the
initial commit as a big creation event. Any root commits in
`git log -p` output would be shown without a diff attached.
The default is `true`.
mailmap.file::
See linkgit:git-shortlog[1].
notes.displayRef::
Which refs, in addition to the default set by `core.notesRef`
or 'GIT_NOTES_REF', to read notes from when showing commit
messages with the 'log' family of commands. See
linkgit:git-notes[1].
+
May be an unabbreviated ref name or a glob and may be specified
multiple times. A warning will be issued for refs that do not exist,
but a glob that does not match any refs is silently ignored.
+
This setting can be disabled by the `--no-notes` option,
overridden by the 'GIT_NOTES_DISPLAY_REF' environment variable,
and overridden by the `--notes=<ref>` option.
GIT
---
Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite