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89edd5a901
The "matching refs" semantics works only on matching branches these days. Instead of using "heads" which traditionally has been used more or less interchangeably with "refs", say "branch" explicitly here. Signed-off-by: Anders Melchiorsen <mail@cup.kalibalik.dk> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
222 lines
7.6 KiB
Plaintext
222 lines
7.6 KiB
Plaintext
git-push(1)
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===========
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NAME
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----
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git-push - Update remote refs along with associated objects
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SYNOPSIS
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--------
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[verse]
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'git push' [--all | --mirror] [--dry-run] [--tags] [--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>]
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[--repo=<repository>] [-f | --force] [-v | --verbose]
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[<repository> <refspec>...]
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DESCRIPTION
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-----------
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Updates remote refs using local refs, while sending objects
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necessary to complete the given refs.
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You can make interesting things happen to a repository
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every time you push into it, by setting up 'hooks' there. See
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documentation for linkgit:git-receive-pack[1].
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OPTIONS
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-------
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<repository>::
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The "remote" repository that is destination of a push
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operation. This parameter can be either a URL
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(see the section <<URLS,GIT URLS>> below) or the name
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of a remote (see the section <<REMOTES,REMOTES>> below).
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<refspec>...::
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The canonical format of a <refspec> parameter is
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`+?<src>:<dst>`; that is, an optional plus `{plus}`, followed
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by the source ref, followed by a colon `:`, followed by
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the destination ref.
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+
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The <src> side represents the source branch (or arbitrary
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"SHA1 expression", such as `master~4` (four parents before the
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tip of `master` branch); see linkgit:git-rev-parse[1]) that you
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want to push. The <dst> side represents the destination location.
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+
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The local ref that matches <src> is used
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to fast forward the remote ref that matches <dst>. If
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the optional leading plus `+` is used, the remote ref is updated
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even if it does not result in a fast forward update.
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+
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`tag <tag>` means the same as `refs/tags/<tag>:refs/tags/<tag>`.
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+
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A parameter <ref> without a colon pushes the <ref> from the source
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repository to the destination repository under the same name.
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+
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Pushing an empty <src> allows you to delete the <dst> ref from
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the remote repository.
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+
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The special refspec `:` (or `+:` to allow non-fast forward updates)
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directs git to push "matching" branches: for every branch that exists on
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the local side, the remote side is updated if a branch of the same name
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already exists on the remote side. This is the default operation mode
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if no explicit refspec is found (that is neither on the command line
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nor in any Push line of the corresponding remotes file---see below).
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--all::
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Instead of naming each ref to push, specifies that all
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refs under `$GIT_DIR/refs/heads/` be pushed.
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--mirror::
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Instead of naming each ref to push, specifies that all
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refs under `$GIT_DIR/refs/` (which includes but is not
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limited to `refs/heads/`, `refs/remotes/`, and `refs/tags/`)
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be mirrored to the remote repository. Newly created local
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refs will be pushed to the remote end, locally updated refs
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will be force updated on the remote end, and deleted refs
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will be removed from the remote end. This is the default
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if the configuration option `remote.<remote>.mirror` is
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set.
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--dry-run::
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Do everything except actually send the updates.
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--tags::
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All refs under `$GIT_DIR/refs/tags` are pushed, in
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addition to refspecs explicitly listed on the command
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line.
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--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>::
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--exec=<git-receive-pack>::
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Path to the 'git-receive-pack' program on the remote
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end. Sometimes useful when pushing to a remote
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repository over ssh, and you do not have the program in
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a directory on the default $PATH.
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-f::
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--force::
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Usually, the command refuses to update a remote ref that is
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not an ancestor of the local ref used to overwrite it.
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This flag disables the check. This can cause the
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remote repository to lose commits; use it with care.
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--repo=<repository>::
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This option is only relevant if no <repository> argument is
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passed in the invocation. In this case, 'git-push' derives the
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remote name from the current branch: If it tracks a remote
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branch, then that remote repository is pushed to. Otherwise,
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the name "origin" is used. For this latter case, this option
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can be used to override the name "origin". In other words,
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the difference between these two commands
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+
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--------------------------
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git push public #1
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git push --repo=public #2
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--------------------------
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+
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is that #1 always pushes to "public" whereas #2 pushes to "public"
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only if the current branch does not track a remote branch. This is
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useful if you write an alias or script around 'git-push'.
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--thin::
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--no-thin::
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These options are passed to 'git-send-pack'. Thin
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transfer spends extra cycles to minimize the number of
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objects to be sent and meant to be used on slower connection.
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-v::
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--verbose::
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Run verbosely.
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include::urls-remotes.txt[]
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OUTPUT
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------
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The output of "git push" depends on the transport method used; this
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section describes the output when pushing over the git protocol (either
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locally or via ssh).
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The status of the push is output in tabular form, with each line
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representing the status of a single ref. Each line is of the form:
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-------------------------------
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<flag> <summary> <from> -> <to> (<reason>)
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-------------------------------
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flag::
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A single character indicating the status of the ref. This is
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blank for a successfully pushed ref, `!` for a ref that was
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rejected or failed to push, and '=' for a ref that was up to
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date and did not need pushing (note that the status of up to
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date refs is shown only when `git push` is running verbosely).
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summary::
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For a successfully pushed ref, the summary shows the old and new
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values of the ref in a form suitable for using as an argument to
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`git log` (this is `<old>..<new>` in most cases, and
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`<old>...<new>` for forced non-fast forward updates). For a
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failed update, more details are given for the failure.
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The string `rejected` indicates that git did not try to send the
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ref at all (typically because it is not a fast forward). The
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string `remote rejected` indicates that the remote end refused
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the update; this rejection is typically caused by a hook on the
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remote side. The string `remote failure` indicates that the
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remote end did not report the successful update of the ref
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(perhaps because of a temporary error on the remote side, a
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break in the network connection, or other transient error).
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from::
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The name of the local ref being pushed, minus its
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`refs/<type>/` prefix. In the case of deletion, the
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name of the local ref is omitted.
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to::
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The name of the remote ref being updated, minus its
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`refs/<type>/` prefix.
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reason::
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A human-readable explanation. In the case of successfully pushed
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refs, no explanation is needed. For a failed ref, the reason for
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failure is described.
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Examples
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--------
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git push origin master::
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Find a ref that matches `master` in the source repository
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(most likely, it would find `refs/heads/master`), and update
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the same ref (e.g. `refs/heads/master`) in `origin` repository
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with it. If `master` did not exist remotely, it would be
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created.
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git push origin :experimental::
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Find a ref that matches `experimental` in the `origin` repository
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(e.g. `refs/heads/experimental`), and delete it.
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git push origin master:satellite/master dev:satellite/dev::
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Use the source ref that matches `master` (e.g. `refs/heads/master`)
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to update the ref that matches `satellite/master` (most probably
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`refs/remotes/satellite/master`) in the `origin` repository, then
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do the same for `dev` and `satellite/dev`.
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git push origin master:refs/heads/experimental::
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Create the branch `experimental` in the `origin` repository
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by copying the current `master` branch. This form is only
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needed to create a new branch or tag in the remote repository when
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the local name and the remote name are different; otherwise,
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the ref name on its own will work.
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Author
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------
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Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>, later rewritten in C
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by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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Documentation
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--------------
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Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
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GIT
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---
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Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
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