git/t/t3904-stash-patch.sh
Johannes Schindelin 7723436149 stash -p: (partially) fix bug concerning split hunks
When trying to stash part of the worktree changes by splitting a hunk
and then only partially accepting the split bits and pieces, the user
is presented with a rather cryptic error:

	error: patch failed: <file>:<line>
	error: test: patch does not apply
	Cannot remove worktree changes

and the command would fail to stash the desired parts of the worktree
changes (even if the `stash` ref was actually updated correctly).

We even have a test case demonstrating that failure, carrying it for
four years already.

The explanation: when splitting a hunk, the changed lines are no longer
separated by more than 3 lines (which is the amount of context lines
Git's diffs use by default), but less than that. So when staging only
part of the diff hunk for stashing, the resulting diff that we want to
apply to the worktree in reverse will contain those changes to be
dropped surrounded by three context lines, but since the diff is
relative to HEAD rather than to the worktree, these context lines will
not match.

Example time. Let's assume that the file README contains these lines:

	We
	the
	people

and the worktree added some lines so that it contains these lines
instead:

	We
	are
	the
	kind
	people

and the user tries to stash the line containing "are", then the command
will internally stage this line to a temporary index file and try to
revert the diff between HEAD and that index file. The diff hunk that
`git stash` tries to revert will look somewhat like this:

	@@ -1776,3 +1776,4
	 We
	+are
	 the
	 people

It is obvious, now, that the trailing context lines overlap with the
part of the original diff hunk that the user did *not* want to stash.

Keeping in mind that context lines in diffs serve the primary purpose of
finding the exact location when the diff does not apply precisely (but
when the exact line number in the file to be patched differs from the
line number indicated in the diff), we work around this by reducing the
amount of context lines: the diff was just generated.

Note: this is not a *full* fix for the issue. Just as demonstrated in
t3701's 'add -p works with pathological context lines' test case, there
are ambiguities in the diff format. It is very rare in practice, of
course, to encounter such repeated lines.

The full solution for such cases would be to replace the approach of
generating a diff from the stash and then applying it in reverse by
emulating `git revert` (i.e. doing a 3-way merge). However, in `git
stash -p` it would not apply to `HEAD` but instead to the worktree,
which makes this non-trivial to implement as long as we also maintain a
scripted version of `add -i`.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2020-04-08 12:17:59 -07:00

115 lines
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#!/bin/sh
test_description='stash -p'
. ./lib-patch-mode.sh
if ! test_have_prereq PERL
then
skip_all='skipping stash -p tests, perl not available'
test_done
fi
test_expect_success 'setup' '
mkdir dir &&
echo parent > dir/foo &&
echo dummy > bar &&
echo committed > HEAD &&
git add bar dir/foo HEAD &&
git commit -m initial &&
test_tick &&
test_commit second dir/foo head &&
echo index > dir/foo &&
git add dir/foo &&
set_and_save_state bar bar_work bar_index &&
save_head
'
# note: order of files with unstaged changes: HEAD bar dir/foo
test_expect_success 'saying "n" does nothing' '
set_state HEAD HEADfile_work HEADfile_index &&
set_state dir/foo work index &&
test_write_lines n n n | test_must_fail git stash save -p &&
verify_state HEAD HEADfile_work HEADfile_index &&
verify_saved_state bar &&
verify_state dir/foo work index
'
test_expect_success 'git stash -p' '
test_write_lines y n y | git stash save -p &&
verify_state HEAD committed HEADfile_index &&
verify_saved_state bar &&
verify_state dir/foo head index &&
git reset --hard &&
git stash apply &&
verify_state HEAD HEADfile_work committed &&
verify_state bar dummy dummy &&
verify_state dir/foo work head
'
test_expect_success 'git stash -p --no-keep-index' '
set_state HEAD HEADfile_work HEADfile_index &&
set_state bar bar_work bar_index &&
set_state dir/foo work index &&
test_write_lines y n y | git stash save -p --no-keep-index &&
verify_state HEAD committed committed &&
verify_state bar bar_work dummy &&
verify_state dir/foo head head &&
git reset --hard &&
git stash apply --index &&
verify_state HEAD HEADfile_work HEADfile_index &&
verify_state bar dummy bar_index &&
verify_state dir/foo work index
'
test_expect_success 'git stash --no-keep-index -p' '
set_state HEAD HEADfile_work HEADfile_index &&
set_state bar bar_work bar_index &&
set_state dir/foo work index &&
test_write_lines y n y | git stash save --no-keep-index -p &&
verify_state HEAD committed committed &&
verify_state dir/foo head head &&
verify_state bar bar_work dummy &&
git reset --hard &&
git stash apply --index &&
verify_state HEAD HEADfile_work HEADfile_index &&
verify_state bar dummy bar_index &&
verify_state dir/foo work index
'
test_expect_success 'stash -p --no-keep-index -- <pathspec> does not unstage other files' '
set_state HEAD HEADfile_work HEADfile_index &&
set_state dir/foo work index &&
echo y | git stash push -p --no-keep-index -- HEAD &&
verify_state HEAD committed committed &&
verify_state dir/foo work index
'
test_expect_success 'none of this moved HEAD' '
verify_saved_head
'
test_expect_success 'stash -p with split hunk' '
git reset --hard &&
cat >test <<-\EOF &&
aaa
bbb
ccc
EOF
git add test &&
git commit -m "initial" &&
cat >test <<-\EOF &&
aaa
added line 1
bbb
added line 2
ccc
EOF
printf "%s\n" s n y q |
git stash -p 2>error &&
test_must_be_empty error &&
grep "added line 1" test &&
! grep "added line 2" test
'
test_done