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The point of these sections is generally to:
1. Give credit where it is due.
2. Give the reader an idea of where to ask questions or
file bug reports.
But they don't do a good job of either case. For (1), they
are out of date and incomplete. A much more accurate answer
can be gotten through shortlog or blame. For (2), the
correct contact point is generally git@vger, and even if you
wanted to cc the contact point, the out-of-date and
incomplete fields mean you're likely sending to somebody
useless.
So let's drop the fields entirely from all manpages except
git(1) itself. We already point people to the mailing list
for bug reports there, and we can update the Authors section
to give credit to the major contributors and point to
shortlog and blame for more information.
Each page has a "This is part of git" footer, so people can
follow that to the main git manpage.
179 lines
5.3 KiB
Text
179 lines
5.3 KiB
Text
git-diff(1)
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===========
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NAME
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----
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git-diff - Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc
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SYNOPSIS
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--------
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[verse]
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'git diff' [options] [<commit>] [--] [<path>...]
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'git diff' [options] --cached [<commit>] [--] [<path>...]
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'git diff' [options] <commit> <commit> [--] [<path>...]
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'git diff' [options] [--no-index] [--] <path> <path>
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DESCRIPTION
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-----------
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Show changes between the working tree and the index or a tree, changes
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between the index and a tree, changes between two trees, or changes
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between two files on disk.
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'git diff' [--options] [--] [<path>...]::
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This form is to view the changes you made relative to
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the index (staging area for the next commit). In other
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words, the differences are what you _could_ tell git to
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further add to the index but you still haven't. You can
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stage these changes by using linkgit:git-add[1].
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+
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If exactly two paths are given and at least one points outside
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the current repository, 'git diff' will compare the two files /
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directories. This behavior can be forced by --no-index.
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'git diff' [--options] --cached [<commit>] [--] [<path>...]::
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This form is to view the changes you staged for the next
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commit relative to the named <commit>. Typically you
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would want comparison with the latest commit, so if you
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do not give <commit>, it defaults to HEAD.
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If HEAD does not exist (e.g. unborned branches) and
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<commit> is not given, it shows all staged changes.
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--staged is a synonym of --cached.
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'git diff' [--options] <commit> [--] [<path>...]::
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This form is to view the changes you have in your
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working tree relative to the named <commit>. You can
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use HEAD to compare it with the latest commit, or a
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branch name to compare with the tip of a different
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branch.
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'git diff' [--options] <commit> <commit> [--] [<path>...]::
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This is to view the changes between two arbitrary
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<commit>.
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'git diff' [--options] <commit>..<commit> [--] [<path>...]::
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This is synonymous to the previous form. If <commit> on
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one side is omitted, it will have the same effect as
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using HEAD instead.
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'git diff' [--options] <commit>\...<commit> [--] [<path>...]::
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This form is to view the changes on the branch containing
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and up to the second <commit>, starting at a common ancestor
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of both <commit>. "git diff A\...B" is equivalent to
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"git diff $(git-merge-base A B) B". You can omit any one
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of <commit>, which has the same effect as using HEAD instead.
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Just in case if you are doing something exotic, it should be
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noted that all of the <commit> in the above description, except
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in the last two forms that use ".." notations, can be any
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<tree>. The third form ('git diff <commit> <commit>') can also
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be used to compare two <blob> objects.
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For a more complete list of ways to spell <commit>, see
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"SPECIFYING REVISIONS" section in linkgit:gitrevisions[7].
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However, "diff" is about comparing two _endpoints_, not ranges,
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and the range notations ("<commit>..<commit>" and
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"<commit>\...<commit>") do not mean a range as defined in the
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"SPECIFYING RANGES" section in linkgit:gitrevisions[7].
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OPTIONS
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-------
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:git-diff: 1
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include::diff-options.txt[]
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<path>...::
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The <paths> parameters, when given, are used to limit
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the diff to the named paths (you can give directory
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names and get diff for all files under them).
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include::diff-format.txt[]
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EXAMPLES
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--------
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Various ways to check your working tree::
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------------
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$ git diff <1>
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$ git diff --cached <2>
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$ git diff HEAD <3>
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------------
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<1> Changes in the working tree not yet staged for the next commit.
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<2> Changes between the index and your last commit; what you
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would be committing if you run "git commit" without "-a" option.
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<3> Changes in the working tree since your last commit; what you
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would be committing if you run "git commit -a"
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Comparing with arbitrary commits::
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------------
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$ git diff test <1>
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$ git diff HEAD -- ./test <2>
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$ git diff HEAD^ HEAD <3>
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------------
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<1> Instead of using the tip of the current branch, compare with the
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tip of "test" branch.
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<2> Instead of comparing with the tip of "test" branch, compare with
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the tip of the current branch, but limit the comparison to the
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file "test".
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<3> Compare the version before the last commit and the last commit.
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Comparing branches::
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+
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------------
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$ git diff topic master <1>
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$ git diff topic..master <2>
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$ git diff topic...master <3>
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------------
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<1> Changes between the tips of the topic and the master branches.
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<2> Same as above.
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<3> Changes that occurred on the master branch since when the topic
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branch was started off it.
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Limiting the diff output::
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------------
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$ git diff --diff-filter=MRC <1>
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$ git diff --name-status <2>
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$ git diff arch/i386 include/asm-i386 <3>
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------------
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<1> Show only modification, rename and copy, but not addition
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nor deletion.
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<2> Show only names and the nature of change, but not actual
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diff output.
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<3> Limit diff output to named subtrees.
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Munging the diff output::
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+
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------------
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$ git diff --find-copies-harder -B -C <1>
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$ git diff -R <2>
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------------
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<1> Spend extra cycles to find renames, copies and complete
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rewrites (very expensive).
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<2> Output diff in reverse.
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SEE ALSO
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--------
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diff(1),
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linkgit:git-difftool[1],
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linkgit:git-log[1],
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linkgit:gitdiffcore[7],
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linkgit:git-format-patch[1],
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linkgit:git-apply[1]
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GIT
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---
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Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
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