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![Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason](/assets/img/avatar_default.png)
Use the definite article when talking about a configuration property. Signed-off-by: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com> Acked-by: Eric Wong <normalperson@yhbt.net>
868 lines
32 KiB
Plaintext
868 lines
32 KiB
Plaintext
git-svn(1)
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==========
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NAME
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----
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git-svn - Bidirectional operation between a Subversion repository and git
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SYNOPSIS
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--------
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'git svn' <command> [options] [arguments]
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DESCRIPTION
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-----------
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'git svn' is a simple conduit for changesets between Subversion and git.
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It provides a bidirectional flow of changes between a Subversion and a git
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repository.
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'git svn' can track a standard Subversion repository,
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following the common "trunk/branches/tags" layout, with the --stdlayout option.
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It can also follow branches and tags in any layout with the -T/-t/-b options
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(see options to 'init' below, and also the 'clone' command).
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Once tracking a Subversion repository (with any of the above methods), the git
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repository can be updated from Subversion by the 'fetch' command and
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Subversion updated from git by the 'dcommit' command.
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COMMANDS
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--------
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'init'::
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Initializes an empty git repository with additional
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metadata directories for 'git svn'. The Subversion URL
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may be specified as a command-line argument, or as full
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URL arguments to -T/-t/-b. Optionally, the target
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directory to operate on can be specified as a second
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argument. Normally this command initializes the current
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directory.
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-T<trunk_subdir>;;
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--trunk=<trunk_subdir>;;
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-t<tags_subdir>;;
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--tags=<tags_subdir>;;
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-b<branches_subdir>;;
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--branches=<branches_subdir>;;
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-s;;
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--stdlayout;;
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These are optional command-line options for init. Each of
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these flags can point to a relative repository path
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(--tags=project/tags) or a full url
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(--tags=https://foo.org/project/tags).
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You can specify more than one --tags and/or --branches options, in case
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your Subversion repository places tags or branches under multiple paths.
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The option --stdlayout is
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a shorthand way of setting trunk,tags,branches as the relative paths,
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which is the Subversion default. If any of the other options are given
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as well, they take precedence.
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--no-metadata;;
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Set the 'noMetadata' option in the [svn-remote] config.
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--use-svm-props;;
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Set the 'useSvmProps' option in the [svn-remote] config.
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--use-svnsync-props;;
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Set the 'useSvnsyncProps' option in the [svn-remote] config.
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--rewrite-root=<URL>;;
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Set the 'rewriteRoot' option in the [svn-remote] config.
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--rewrite-uuid=<UUID>;;
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Set the 'rewriteUUID' option in the [svn-remote] config.
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--username=<USER>;;
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For transports that SVN handles authentication for (http,
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https, and plain svn), specify the username. For other
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transports (eg svn+ssh://), you must include the username in
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the URL, eg svn+ssh://foo@svn.bar.com/project
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--prefix=<prefix>;;
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This allows one to specify a prefix which is prepended
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to the names of remotes if trunk/branches/tags are
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specified. The prefix does not automatically include a
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trailing slash, so be sure you include one in the
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argument if that is what you want. If --branches/-b is
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specified, the prefix must include a trailing slash.
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Setting a prefix is useful if you wish to track multiple
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projects that share a common repository.
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--ignore-paths=<regex>;;
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When passed to 'init' or 'clone' this regular expression will
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be preserved as a config key. See 'fetch' for a description
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of '--ignore-paths'.
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--no-minimize-url;;
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When tracking multiple directories (using --stdlayout,
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--branches, or --tags options), git svn will attempt to connect
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to the root (or highest allowed level) of the Subversion
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repository. This default allows better tracking of history if
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entire projects are moved within a repository, but may cause
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issues on repositories where read access restrictions are in
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place. Passing '--no-minimize-url' will allow git svn to
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accept URLs as-is without attempting to connect to a higher
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level directory. This option is off by default when only
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one URL/branch is tracked (it would do little good).
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'fetch'::
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Fetch unfetched revisions from the Subversion remote we are
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tracking. The name of the [svn-remote "..."] section in the
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.git/config file may be specified as an optional command-line
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argument.
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--localtime;;
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Store Git commit times in the local timezone instead of UTC. This
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makes 'git log' (even without --date=local) show the same times
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that `svn log` would in the local timezone.
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+
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This doesn't interfere with interoperating with the Subversion
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repository you cloned from, but if you wish for your local Git
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repository to be able to interoperate with someone else's local Git
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repository, either don't use this option or you should both use it in
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the same local timezone.
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--parent;;
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Fetch only from the SVN parent of the current HEAD.
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--ignore-paths=<regex>;;
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This allows one to specify a Perl regular expression that will
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cause skipping of all matching paths from checkout from SVN.
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The '--ignore-paths' option should match for every 'fetch'
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(including automatic fetches due to 'clone', 'dcommit',
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'rebase', etc) on a given repository.
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+
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[verse]
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config key: svn-remote.<name>.ignore-paths
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+
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If the ignore-paths config key is set and the command line option is
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also given, both regular expressions will be used.
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+
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Examples:
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+
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--
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Skip "doc*" directory for every fetch;;
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+
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
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--ignore-paths="^doc"
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Skip "branches" and "tags" of first level directories;;
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+
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
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--ignore-paths="^[^/]+/(?:branches|tags)"
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
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--
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--use-log-author;;
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When retrieving svn commits into git (as part of fetch, rebase, or
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dcommit operations), look for the first From: or Signed-off-by: line
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in the log message and use that as the author string.
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--add-author-from;;
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When committing to svn from git (as part of commit or dcommit
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operations), if the existing log message doesn't already have a
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From: or Signed-off-by: line, append a From: line based on the
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git commit's author string. If you use this, then --use-log-author
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will retrieve a valid author string for all commits.
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'clone'::
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Runs 'init' and 'fetch'. It will automatically create a
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directory based on the basename of the URL passed to it;
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or if a second argument is passed; it will create a directory
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and work within that. It accepts all arguments that the
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'init' and 'fetch' commands accept; with the exception of
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'--fetch-all' and '--parent'. After a repository is cloned,
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the 'fetch' command will be able to update revisions without
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affecting the working tree; and the 'rebase' command will be
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able to update the working tree with the latest changes.
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'rebase'::
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This fetches revisions from the SVN parent of the current HEAD
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and rebases the current (uncommitted to SVN) work against it.
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+
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This works similarly to `svn update` or 'git pull' except that
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it preserves linear history with 'git rebase' instead of
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'git merge' for ease of dcommitting with 'git svn'.
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+
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This accepts all options that 'git svn fetch' and 'git rebase'
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accept. However, '--fetch-all' only fetches from the current
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[svn-remote], and not all [svn-remote] definitions.
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Like 'git rebase'; this requires that the working tree be clean
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and have no uncommitted changes.
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-l;;
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--local;;
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Do not fetch remotely; only run 'git rebase' against the
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last fetched commit from the upstream SVN.
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'dcommit'::
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Commit each diff from a specified head directly to the SVN
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repository, and then rebase or reset (depending on whether or
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not there is a diff between SVN and head). This will create
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a revision in SVN for each commit in git.
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It is recommended that you run 'git svn' fetch and rebase (not
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pull or merge) your commits against the latest changes in the
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SVN repository.
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An optional revision or branch argument may be specified, and
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causes 'git svn' to do all work on that revision/branch
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instead of HEAD.
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This is advantageous over 'set-tree' (below) because it produces
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cleaner, more linear history.
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+
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--no-rebase;;
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After committing, do not rebase or reset.
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--commit-url <URL>;;
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Commit to this SVN URL (the full path). This is intended to
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allow existing 'git svn' repositories created with one transport
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method (e.g. `svn://` or `http://` for anonymous read) to be
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reused if a user is later given access to an alternate transport
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method (e.g. `svn+ssh://` or `https://`) for commit.
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+
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[verse]
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config key: svn-remote.<name>.commiturl
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config key: svn.commiturl (overwrites all svn-remote.<name>.commiturl options)
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Using this option for any other purpose (don't ask) is very strongly
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discouraged.
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'branch'::
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Create a branch in the SVN repository.
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-m;;
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--message;;
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Allows to specify the commit message.
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-t;;
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--tag;;
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Create a tag by using the tags_subdir instead of the branches_subdir
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specified during git svn init.
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-d;;
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--destination;;
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If more than one --branches (or --tags) option was given to the 'init'
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or 'clone' command, you must provide the location of the branch (or
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tag) you wish to create in the SVN repository. The value of this
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option must match one of the paths specified by a --branches (or
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--tags) option. You can see these paths with the commands
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git config --get-all svn-remote.<name>.branches
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git config --get-all svn-remote.<name>.tags
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+
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where <name> is the name of the SVN repository as specified by the -R option to
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'init' (or "svn" by default).
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--username;;
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Specify the SVN username to perform the commit as. This option overrides
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the 'username' configuration property.
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--commit-url;;
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Use the specified URL to connect to the destination Subversion
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repository. This is useful in cases where the source SVN
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repository is read-only. This option overrides configuration
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property 'commiturl'.
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git config --get-all svn-remote.<name>.commiturl
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+
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'tag'::
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Create a tag in the SVN repository. This is a shorthand for
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'branch -t'.
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'log'::
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This should make it easy to look up svn log messages when svn
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users refer to -r/--revision numbers.
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The following features from `svn log' are supported:
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--
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-r <n>[:<n>];;
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--revision=<n>[:<n>];;
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is supported, non-numeric args are not:
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HEAD, NEXT, BASE, PREV, etc ...
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-v;;
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--verbose;;
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it's not completely compatible with the --verbose
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output in svn log, but reasonably close.
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--limit=<n>;;
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is NOT the same as --max-count, doesn't count
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merged/excluded commits
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--incremental;;
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supported
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--
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New features:
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+
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--
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--show-commit;;
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shows the git commit sha1, as well
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--oneline;;
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our version of --pretty=oneline
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--
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+
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NOTE: SVN itself only stores times in UTC and nothing else. The regular svn
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client converts the UTC time to the local time (or based on the TZ=
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environment). This command has the same behaviour.
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+
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Any other arguments are passed directly to 'git log'
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'blame'::
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Show what revision and author last modified each line of a file. The
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output of this mode is format-compatible with the output of
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`svn blame' by default. Like the SVN blame command,
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local uncommitted changes in the working copy are ignored;
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the version of the file in the HEAD revision is annotated. Unknown
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arguments are passed directly to 'git blame'.
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+
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--git-format;;
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Produce output in the same format as 'git blame', but with
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SVN revision numbers instead of git commit hashes. In this mode,
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changes that haven't been committed to SVN (including local
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working-copy edits) are shown as revision 0.
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'find-rev'::
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When given an SVN revision number of the form 'rN', returns the
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corresponding git commit hash (this can optionally be followed by a
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tree-ish to specify which branch should be searched). When given a
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tree-ish, returns the corresponding SVN revision number.
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'set-tree'::
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You should consider using 'dcommit' instead of this command.
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Commit specified commit or tree objects to SVN. This relies on
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your imported fetch data being up-to-date. This makes
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absolutely no attempts to do patching when committing to SVN, it
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simply overwrites files with those specified in the tree or
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commit. All merging is assumed to have taken place
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independently of 'git svn' functions.
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'create-ignore'::
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Recursively finds the svn:ignore property on directories and
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creates matching .gitignore files. The resulting files are staged to
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be committed, but are not committed. Use -r/--revision to refer to a
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specific revision.
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'show-ignore'::
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Recursively finds and lists the svn:ignore property on
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directories. The output is suitable for appending to
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the $GIT_DIR/info/exclude file.
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'mkdirs'::
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Attempts to recreate empty directories that core git cannot track
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based on information in $GIT_DIR/svn/<refname>/unhandled.log files.
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Empty directories are automatically recreated when using
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"git svn clone" and "git svn rebase", so "mkdirs" is intended
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for use after commands like "git checkout" or "git reset".
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'commit-diff'::
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Commits the diff of two tree-ish arguments from the
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command-line. This command does not rely on being inside an `git svn
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init`-ed repository. This command takes three arguments, (a) the
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original tree to diff against, (b) the new tree result, (c) the
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URL of the target Subversion repository. The final argument
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(URL) may be omitted if you are working from a 'git svn'-aware
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repository (that has been `init`-ed with 'git svn').
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The -r<revision> option is required for this.
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'info'::
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Shows information about a file or directory similar to what
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`svn info' provides. Does not currently support a -r/--revision
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argument. Use the --url option to output only the value of the
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'URL:' field.
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'proplist'::
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Lists the properties stored in the Subversion repository about a
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given file or directory. Use -r/--revision to refer to a specific
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Subversion revision.
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'propget'::
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Gets the Subversion property given as the first argument, for a
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file. A specific revision can be specified with -r/--revision.
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'show-externals'::
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Shows the Subversion externals. Use -r/--revision to specify a
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specific revision.
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'gc'::
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Compress $GIT_DIR/svn/<refname>/unhandled.log files in .git/svn
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and remove $GIT_DIR/svn/<refname>index files in .git/svn.
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'reset'::
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Undoes the effects of 'fetch' back to the specified revision.
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This allows you to re-'fetch' an SVN revision. Normally the
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contents of an SVN revision should never change and 'reset'
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should not be necessary. However, if SVN permissions change,
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or if you alter your --ignore-paths option, a 'fetch' may fail
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with "not found in commit" (file not previously visible) or
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"checksum mismatch" (missed a modification). If the problem
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file cannot be ignored forever (with --ignore-paths) the only
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way to repair the repo is to use 'reset'.
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+
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Only the rev_map and refs/remotes/git-svn are changed. Follow 'reset'
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with a 'fetch' and then 'git reset' or 'git rebase' to move local
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branches onto the new tree.
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-r <n>;;
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--revision=<n>;;
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Specify the most recent revision to keep. All later revisions
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are discarded.
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-p;;
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--parent;;
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Discard the specified revision as well, keeping the nearest
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parent instead.
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Example:;;
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Assume you have local changes in "master", but you need to refetch "r2".
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+
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------------
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r1---r2---r3 remotes/git-svn
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\
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A---B master
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------------
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+
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Fix the ignore-paths or SVN permissions problem that caused "r2" to
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be incomplete in the first place. Then:
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+
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[verse]
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git svn reset -r2 -p
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git svn fetch
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+
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------------
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r1---r2'--r3' remotes/git-svn
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\
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r2---r3---A---B master
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------------
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+
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Then fixup "master" with 'git rebase'.
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Do NOT use 'git merge' or your history will not be compatible with a
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future 'dcommit'!
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+
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[verse]
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git rebase --onto remotes/git-svn A^ master
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+
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------------
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r1---r2'--r3' remotes/git-svn
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\
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A'--B' master
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------------
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OPTIONS
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-------
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--shared[={false|true|umask|group|all|world|everybody}]::
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--template=<template_directory>::
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Only used with the 'init' command.
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These are passed directly to 'git init'.
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-r <ARG>::
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--revision <ARG>::
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Used with the 'fetch' command.
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+
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This allows revision ranges for partial/cauterized history
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to be supported. $NUMBER, $NUMBER1:$NUMBER2 (numeric ranges),
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$NUMBER:HEAD, and BASE:$NUMBER are all supported.
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+
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This can allow you to make partial mirrors when running fetch;
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but is generally not recommended because history will be skipped
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and lost.
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-::
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--stdin::
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Only used with the 'set-tree' command.
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+
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Read a list of commits from stdin and commit them in reverse
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order. Only the leading sha1 is read from each line, so
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'git rev-list --pretty=oneline' output can be used.
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--rmdir::
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Only used with the 'dcommit', 'set-tree' and 'commit-diff' commands.
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+
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Remove directories from the SVN tree if there are no files left
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behind. SVN can version empty directories, and they are not
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removed by default if there are no files left in them. git
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cannot version empty directories. Enabling this flag will make
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the commit to SVN act like git.
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+
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[verse]
|
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config key: svn.rmdir
|
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-e::
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--edit::
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Only used with the 'dcommit', 'set-tree' and 'commit-diff' commands.
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+
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Edit the commit message before committing to SVN. This is off by
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default for objects that are commits, and forced on when committing
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tree objects.
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+
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[verse]
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config key: svn.edit
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-l<num>::
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--find-copies-harder::
|
|
Only used with the 'dcommit', 'set-tree' and 'commit-diff' commands.
|
|
+
|
|
They are both passed directly to 'git diff-tree'; see
|
|
linkgit:git-diff-tree[1] for more information.
|
|
+
|
|
[verse]
|
|
config key: svn.l
|
|
config key: svn.findcopiesharder
|
|
|
|
-A<filename>::
|
|
--authors-file=<filename>::
|
|
Syntax is compatible with the file used by 'git cvsimport':
|
|
+
|
|
------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
loginname = Joe User <user@example.com>
|
|
------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
+
|
|
If this option is specified and 'git svn' encounters an SVN
|
|
committer name that does not exist in the authors-file, 'git svn'
|
|
will abort operation. The user will then have to add the
|
|
appropriate entry. Re-running the previous 'git svn' command
|
|
after the authors-file is modified should continue operation.
|
|
+
|
|
[verse]
|
|
config key: svn.authorsfile
|
|
|
|
--authors-prog=<filename>::
|
|
If this option is specified, for each SVN committer name that
|
|
does not exist in the authors file, the given file is executed
|
|
with the committer name as the first argument. The program is
|
|
expected to return a single line of the form "Name <email>",
|
|
which will be treated as if included in the authors file.
|
|
|
|
-q::
|
|
--quiet::
|
|
Make 'git svn' less verbose. Specify a second time to make it
|
|
even less verbose.
|
|
|
|
--repack[=<n>]::
|
|
--repack-flags=<flags>::
|
|
These should help keep disk usage sane for large fetches with
|
|
many revisions.
|
|
+
|
|
--repack takes an optional argument for the number of revisions
|
|
to fetch before repacking. This defaults to repacking every
|
|
1000 commits fetched if no argument is specified.
|
|
+
|
|
--repack-flags are passed directly to 'git repack'.
|
|
+
|
|
[verse]
|
|
config key: svn.repack
|
|
config key: svn.repackflags
|
|
|
|
-m::
|
|
--merge::
|
|
-s<strategy>::
|
|
--strategy=<strategy>::
|
|
These are only used with the 'dcommit' and 'rebase' commands.
|
|
+
|
|
Passed directly to 'git rebase' when using 'dcommit' if a
|
|
'git reset' cannot be used (see 'dcommit').
|
|
|
|
-n::
|
|
--dry-run::
|
|
This can be used with the 'dcommit', 'rebase', 'branch' and
|
|
'tag' commands.
|
|
+
|
|
For 'dcommit', print out the series of git arguments that would show
|
|
which diffs would be committed to SVN.
|
|
+
|
|
For 'rebase', display the local branch associated with the upstream svn
|
|
repository associated with the current branch and the URL of svn
|
|
repository that will be fetched from.
|
|
+
|
|
For 'branch' and 'tag', display the urls that will be used for copying when
|
|
creating the branch or tag.
|
|
|
|
|
|
ADVANCED OPTIONS
|
|
----------------
|
|
|
|
-i<GIT_SVN_ID>::
|
|
--id <GIT_SVN_ID>::
|
|
This sets GIT_SVN_ID (instead of using the environment). This
|
|
allows the user to override the default refname to fetch from
|
|
when tracking a single URL. The 'log' and 'dcommit' commands
|
|
no longer require this switch as an argument.
|
|
|
|
-R<remote name>::
|
|
--svn-remote <remote name>::
|
|
Specify the [svn-remote "<remote name>"] section to use,
|
|
this allows SVN multiple repositories to be tracked.
|
|
Default: "svn"
|
|
|
|
--follow-parent::
|
|
This is especially helpful when we're tracking a directory
|
|
that has been moved around within the repository, or if we
|
|
started tracking a branch and never tracked the trunk it was
|
|
descended from. This feature is enabled by default, use
|
|
--no-follow-parent to disable it.
|
|
+
|
|
[verse]
|
|
config key: svn.followparent
|
|
|
|
CONFIG FILE-ONLY OPTIONS
|
|
------------------------
|
|
|
|
svn.noMetadata::
|
|
svn-remote.<name>.noMetadata::
|
|
This gets rid of the 'git-svn-id:' lines at the end of every commit.
|
|
+
|
|
If you lose your .git/svn/git-svn/.rev_db file, 'git svn' will not
|
|
be able to rebuild it and you won't be able to fetch again,
|
|
either. This is fine for one-shot imports.
|
|
+
|
|
The 'git svn log' command will not work on repositories using
|
|
this, either. Using this conflicts with the 'useSvmProps'
|
|
option for (hopefully) obvious reasons.
|
|
|
|
svn.useSvmProps::
|
|
svn-remote.<name>.useSvmProps::
|
|
This allows 'git svn' to re-map repository URLs and UUIDs from
|
|
mirrors created using SVN::Mirror (or svk) for metadata.
|
|
+
|
|
If an SVN revision has a property, "svm:headrev", it is likely
|
|
that the revision was created by SVN::Mirror (also used by SVK).
|
|
The property contains a repository UUID and a revision. We want
|
|
to make it look like we are mirroring the original URL, so
|
|
introduce a helper function that returns the original identity
|
|
URL and UUID, and use it when generating metadata in commit
|
|
messages.
|
|
|
|
svn.useSvnsyncProps::
|
|
svn-remote.<name>.useSvnsyncprops::
|
|
Similar to the useSvmProps option; this is for users
|
|
of the svnsync(1) command distributed with SVN 1.4.x and
|
|
later.
|
|
|
|
svn-remote.<name>.rewriteRoot::
|
|
This allows users to create repositories from alternate
|
|
URLs. For example, an administrator could run 'git svn' on the
|
|
server locally (accessing via file://) but wish to distribute
|
|
the repository with a public http:// or svn:// URL in the
|
|
metadata so users of it will see the public URL.
|
|
|
|
svn-remote.<name>.rewriteUUID::
|
|
Similar to the useSvmProps option; this is for users who need
|
|
to remap the UUID manually. This may be useful in situations
|
|
where the original UUID is not available via either useSvmProps
|
|
or useSvnsyncProps.
|
|
|
|
svn.brokenSymlinkWorkaround::
|
|
This disables potentially expensive checks to workaround
|
|
broken symlinks checked into SVN by broken clients. Set this
|
|
option to "false" if you track a SVN repository with many
|
|
empty blobs that are not symlinks. This option may be changed
|
|
while 'git svn' is running and take effect on the next
|
|
revision fetched. If unset, 'git svn' assumes this option to
|
|
be "true".
|
|
|
|
Since the noMetadata, rewriteRoot, rewriteUUID, useSvnsyncProps and useSvmProps
|
|
options all affect the metadata generated and used by 'git svn'; they
|
|
*must* be set in the configuration file before any history is imported
|
|
and these settings should never be changed once they are set.
|
|
|
|
Additionally, only one of these options can be used per svn-remote
|
|
section because they affect the 'git-svn-id:' metadata line, except
|
|
for rewriteRoot and rewriteUUID which can be used together.
|
|
|
|
|
|
BASIC EXAMPLES
|
|
--------------
|
|
|
|
Tracking and contributing to the trunk of a Subversion-managed project:
|
|
|
|
------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
# Clone a repo (like git clone):
|
|
git svn clone http://svn.example.com/project/trunk
|
|
# Enter the newly cloned directory:
|
|
cd trunk
|
|
# You should be on master branch, double-check with 'git branch'
|
|
git branch
|
|
# Do some work and commit locally to git:
|
|
git commit ...
|
|
# Something is committed to SVN, rebase your local changes against the
|
|
# latest changes in SVN:
|
|
git svn rebase
|
|
# Now commit your changes (that were committed previously using git) to SVN,
|
|
# as well as automatically updating your working HEAD:
|
|
git svn dcommit
|
|
# Append svn:ignore settings to the default git exclude file:
|
|
git svn show-ignore >> .git/info/exclude
|
|
------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
Tracking and contributing to an entire Subversion-managed project
|
|
(complete with a trunk, tags and branches):
|
|
|
|
------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
# Clone a repo (like git clone):
|
|
git svn clone http://svn.example.com/project -T trunk -b branches -t tags
|
|
# View all branches and tags you have cloned:
|
|
git branch -r
|
|
# Create a new branch in SVN
|
|
git svn branch waldo
|
|
# Reset your master to trunk (or any other branch, replacing 'trunk'
|
|
# with the appropriate name):
|
|
git reset --hard remotes/trunk
|
|
# You may only dcommit to one branch/tag/trunk at a time. The usage
|
|
# of dcommit/rebase/show-ignore should be the same as above.
|
|
------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
The initial 'git svn clone' can be quite time-consuming
|
|
(especially for large Subversion repositories). If multiple
|
|
people (or one person with multiple machines) want to use
|
|
'git svn' to interact with the same Subversion repository, you can
|
|
do the initial 'git svn clone' to a repository on a server and
|
|
have each person clone that repository with 'git clone':
|
|
|
|
------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
# Do the initial import on a server
|
|
ssh server "cd /pub && git svn clone http://svn.example.com/project
|
|
# Clone locally - make sure the refs/remotes/ space matches the server
|
|
mkdir project
|
|
cd project
|
|
git init
|
|
git remote add origin server:/pub/project
|
|
git config --add remote.origin.fetch '+refs/remotes/*:refs/remotes/*'
|
|
git fetch
|
|
# Create a local branch from one of the branches just fetched
|
|
git checkout -b master FETCH_HEAD
|
|
# Initialize 'git svn' locally (be sure to use the same URL and -T/-b/-t options as were used on server)
|
|
git svn init http://svn.example.com/project
|
|
# Pull the latest changes from Subversion
|
|
git svn rebase
|
|
------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
REBASE VS. PULL/MERGE
|
|
---------------------
|
|
|
|
Originally, 'git svn' recommended that the 'remotes/git-svn' branch be
|
|
pulled or merged from. This is because the author favored
|
|
`git svn set-tree B` to commit a single head rather than the
|
|
`git svn set-tree A..B` notation to commit multiple commits.
|
|
|
|
If you use `git svn set-tree A..B` to commit several diffs and you do
|
|
not have the latest remotes/git-svn merged into my-branch, you should
|
|
use `git svn rebase` to update your work branch instead of `git pull` or
|
|
`git merge`. `pull`/`merge` can cause non-linear history to be flattened
|
|
when committing into SVN, which can lead to merge commits reversing
|
|
previous commits in SVN.
|
|
|
|
DESIGN PHILOSOPHY
|
|
-----------------
|
|
Merge tracking in Subversion is lacking and doing branched development
|
|
with Subversion can be cumbersome as a result. While 'git svn' can track
|
|
copy history (including branches and tags) for repositories adopting a
|
|
standard layout, it cannot yet represent merge history that happened
|
|
inside git back upstream to SVN users. Therefore it is advised that
|
|
users keep history as linear as possible inside git to ease
|
|
compatibility with SVN (see the CAVEATS section below).
|
|
|
|
CAVEATS
|
|
-------
|
|
|
|
For the sake of simplicity and interoperating with a less-capable system
|
|
(SVN), it is recommended that all 'git svn' users clone, fetch and dcommit
|
|
directly from the SVN server, and avoid all 'git clone'/'pull'/'merge'/'push'
|
|
operations between git repositories and branches. The recommended
|
|
method of exchanging code between git branches and users is
|
|
'git format-patch' and 'git am', or just 'dcommit'ing to the SVN repository.
|
|
|
|
Running 'git merge' or 'git pull' is NOT recommended on a branch you
|
|
plan to 'dcommit' from. Subversion does not represent merges in any
|
|
reasonable or useful fashion; so users using Subversion cannot see any
|
|
merges you've made. Furthermore, if you merge or pull from a git branch
|
|
that is a mirror of an SVN branch, 'dcommit' may commit to the wrong
|
|
branch.
|
|
|
|
If you do merge, note the following rule: 'git svn dcommit' will
|
|
attempt to commit on top of the SVN commit named in
|
|
------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
git log --grep=^git-svn-id: --first-parent -1
|
|
------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
You 'must' therefore ensure that the most recent commit of the branch
|
|
you want to dcommit to is the 'first' parent of the merge. Chaos will
|
|
ensue otherwise, especially if the first parent is an older commit on
|
|
the same SVN branch.
|
|
|
|
'git clone' does not clone branches under the refs/remotes/ hierarchy or
|
|
any 'git svn' metadata, or config. So repositories created and managed with
|
|
using 'git svn' should use 'rsync' for cloning, if cloning is to be done
|
|
at all.
|
|
|
|
Since 'dcommit' uses rebase internally, any git branches you 'git push' to
|
|
before 'dcommit' on will require forcing an overwrite of the existing ref
|
|
on the remote repository. This is generally considered bad practice,
|
|
see the linkgit:git-push[1] documentation for details.
|
|
|
|
Do not use the --amend option of linkgit:git-commit[1] on a change you've
|
|
already dcommitted. It is considered bad practice to --amend commits
|
|
you've already pushed to a remote repository for other users, and
|
|
dcommit with SVN is analogous to that.
|
|
|
|
When using multiple --branches or --tags, 'git svn' does not automatically
|
|
handle name collisions (for example, if two branches from different paths have
|
|
the same name, or if a branch and a tag have the same name). In these cases,
|
|
use 'init' to set up your git repository then, before your first 'fetch', edit
|
|
the .git/config file so that the branches and tags are associated with
|
|
different name spaces. For example:
|
|
|
|
branches = stable/*:refs/remotes/svn/stable/*
|
|
branches = debug/*:refs/remotes/svn/debug/*
|
|
|
|
BUGS
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
We ignore all SVN properties except svn:executable. Any unhandled
|
|
properties are logged to $GIT_DIR/svn/<refname>/unhandled.log
|
|
|
|
Renamed and copied directories are not detected by git and hence not
|
|
tracked when committing to SVN. I do not plan on adding support for
|
|
this as it's quite difficult and time-consuming to get working for all
|
|
the possible corner cases (git doesn't do it, either). Committing
|
|
renamed and copied files are fully supported if they're similar enough
|
|
for git to detect them.
|
|
|
|
CONFIGURATION
|
|
-------------
|
|
|
|
'git svn' stores [svn-remote] configuration information in the
|
|
repository .git/config file. It is similar the core git
|
|
[remote] sections except 'fetch' keys do not accept glob
|
|
arguments; but they are instead handled by the 'branches'
|
|
and 'tags' keys. Since some SVN repositories are oddly
|
|
configured with multiple projects glob expansions such those
|
|
listed below are allowed:
|
|
|
|
------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
[svn-remote "project-a"]
|
|
url = http://server.org/svn
|
|
fetch = trunk/project-a:refs/remotes/project-a/trunk
|
|
branches = branches/*/project-a:refs/remotes/project-a/branches/*
|
|
tags = tags/*/project-a:refs/remotes/project-a/tags/*
|
|
------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
Keep in mind that the '\*' (asterisk) wildcard of the local ref
|
|
(right of the ':') *must* be the farthest right path component;
|
|
however the remote wildcard may be anywhere as long as it's an
|
|
independent path component (surrounded by '/' or EOL). This
|
|
type of configuration is not automatically created by 'init' and
|
|
should be manually entered with a text-editor or using 'git config'.
|
|
|
|
It is also possible to fetch a subset of branches or tags by using a
|
|
comma-separated list of names within braces. For example:
|
|
|
|
------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
[svn-remote "huge-project"]
|
|
url = http://server.org/svn
|
|
fetch = trunk/src:refs/remotes/trunk
|
|
branches = branches/{red,green}/src:refs/remotes/branches/*
|
|
tags = tags/{1.0,2.0}/src:refs/remotes/tags/*
|
|
------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
Note that git-svn keeps track of the highest revision in which a branch
|
|
or tag has appeared. If the subset of branches or tags is changed after
|
|
fetching, then .git/svn/.metadata must be manually edited to remove (or
|
|
reset) branches-maxRev and/or tags-maxRev as appropriate.
|
|
|
|
SEE ALSO
|
|
--------
|
|
linkgit:git-rebase[1]
|
|
|
|
Author
|
|
------
|
|
Written by Eric Wong <normalperson@yhbt.net>.
|
|
|
|
Documentation
|
|
-------------
|
|
Written by Eric Wong <normalperson@yhbt.net>.
|