The user most likely does not care about the exact order of
operations because he cannot see it happening anyway. Instead,
try to explain what it means to merge two commits into a single
tree.
While at it:
- Change the heading to TRUE MERGE. The entire manual page is
about how merges work.
- Document MERGE_HEAD. It is a useful feature, since it makes
the parents of the intended merge commit easier to refer to.
- Do not assume commits named on the 'git merge' command line come
from another repository. For simplicity, the discussion of
conflicts still does assume that there is only one and it is a
branch head.
- Do not start list items with `code`. Otherwise, a toolchain bug
produces a line break in the generated nroff, resulting in odd
extra space.
Suggested-by: Thomas Rast <trast@student.ethz.ch>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Rast <trast@student.ethz.ch>
Novices sometimes find the behavior of 'git merge' in the
fast-forward case surprising. Describe it thoroughly.
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Rast <trast@student.ethz.ch>
A merge-based operation in git can fail in two ways: one that
stops before touching anything, or one that goes ahead and
results in conflicts.
As the 'git merge' manual explains:
| A merge is always between the current `HEAD` and one or more
| commits (usually, branch head or tag), and the index file must
| match the tree of `HEAD` commit (i.e. the contents of the last commit)
| when it starts out.
Unfortunately, the placement of this sentence makes it easy to
skip over, and its formulation leaves the important point, that
any other attempted merge will be gracefully aborted, unspoken.
So give this point its own section and expand upon it.
Probably this could be simplified somewhat: after all, a change
registered in the index is just a special kind of local
uncommited change, so the second added paragraph is only a
special case of the first. It seemed more helpful to be explicit
here.
Inspired by <http://gitster.livejournal.com/25801.html>.
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Rast <trast@student.ethz.ch>
The reader unfamiliar with the concepts of branching and merging
would have been completely lost. Try to help him with a diagram.
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Rast <trast@student.ethz.ch>
So the section layout changes as follows:
NAME
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS
-MERGE STRATEGIES
HOW MERGE WORKS
HOW CONFLICTS ARE PRESENTED
HOW TO RESOLVE CONFLICTS
EXAMPLES
+MERGE STRATEGIES
CONFIGURATION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
DOCUMENTATION
GIT
NOTES
The first-time user will care more about conflicts than about
strategies other than 'recursive'.
One of the examples uses -s ours, but I do not think this hinders
readability.
Suggested-by: Thomas Rast <trast@student.ethz.ch>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Rast <trast@student.ethz.ch>
The 'merge' manual suggests 'reset' to cancel a merge at the end
of the Merge Strategies list. It is more logical to explain this
right before explaining how merge conflicts work, so the daunted
reader can have a way out when he or she needs it most.
While at it, make the advice more dependable and self-contained
by providing the --merge option.
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Rast <trast@student.ethz.ch>
Configuration and environment variables belong to the back matter
of a manual page.
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Rast <trast@student.ethz.ch>
The documentation was quite inconsistent when spelling 'git cmd' if it
only refers to the program, not to some specific invocation syntax:
both 'git-cmd' and 'git cmd' spellings exist.
The current trend goes towards dashless forms, and there is precedent
in 647ac70 (git-svn.txt: stop using dash-form of commands.,
2009-07-07) to actively eliminate the dashed variants.
Replace 'git-cmd' with 'git cmd' throughout, except where git-shell,
git-cvsserver, git-upload-pack, git-receive-pack, and
git-upload-archive are concerned, because those really live in the
$PATH.
Use `code snippet` style instead of 'emphasis' for `git cmd ...`
according to the following rules:
* The SYNOPSIS sections are left untouched.
* If the intent is that the user type the command exactly as given, it
is `code`.
If the user is only loosely referred to a command and/or option, it
remains 'emphasised'.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Rast <trast@student.ethz.ch>
We do this for both git-merge and git-pull, so as to hopefully alert
(over)users of git-pull to the issue.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Rast <trast@student.ethz.ch>
The git-merge manpage was written in terms of merging a "remote",
which is no longer the case: you merge local or remote-tracking
branches; pull is for actual remotes.
Adjust the manpage accordingly. We refer to the arguments as
"commits", and change instances of "remote" to "other" (where branches
are concerned) or "theirs" (where conflict sides are concerned).
Remove the single reference to "pulling".
Signed-off-by: Thomas Rast <trast@student.ethz.ch>
The "git pull" documentation has examples which follow an outdated
style. Update the examples to use "git merge" where appropriate and
move the examples to the corresponding manpages.
Furthermore,
- show that pull is equivalent to fetch and merge, which is still a
frequently asked question,
- explain the default fetch refspec.
Signed-off-by: Clemens Buchacher <drizzd@aon.at>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Sounds better this way, at least to my ears. ("The syntax and
supported options of git merge" is a plural noun. "the same"
instead of "equal" sounds less technical and seems to convey
the meaning better here.)
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
The fmt-merge-message builtin can be invoked as "git fmt-merge-msg" rather
than through the hard link in GIT_EXEC_PATH. Although this is unlikely to
confuse most script writers, it should not hurt to make the documentation
a little clearer anyway.
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
merge only requires one <remote>, so "<remote>..." should be used in the
synopsis (and not "<remote> <remote>...").
Signed-off-by: Paul Bolle <pebolle@tiscali.nl>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
If literal text (asciidoc `...`) can be rendered in a differently from
normal text for each output format (man, HTML), then we do not need
extra quotes or other wrapping around inline literal text segments.
config.txt
Change '`...`' to `...`. In asciidoc, the single quotes provide
emphasis, literal text should be distintive enough.
Change "`...`" to `...`. These double quotes do not work if present
in the described config value, so drop them.
git-checkout.txt
Change "`...`" to `...` or `"..."`. All instances are command line
argument examples. One "`-`" becomes `-`. Two others are involve
curly braces, so move the double quotes inside the literal region to
indicate that they might need to be quoted on the command line of
certain shells (tcsh).
git-merge.txt
Change "`...`" to `...`. All instances are used to describe merge
conflict markers. The quotes should are not important.
git-rev-parse.txt
Change "`...`" to `...`. All instances are around command line
arguments where no in-shell quoting should be necessary.
gitcli.txt
Change `"..."` to `...`. All instances are around command line
examples or single command arguments. They do not semanticly belong
inside the literal text, and they are not needed outside it.
glossary-content.txt
user-manual.txt
Change "`...`" to `...`. All instances were around command lines.
Signed-off-by: Chris Johnsen <chris_johnsen@pobox.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Improve some minor language and format issues like hyphenation,
phrases, spacing, word order, comma, attributes.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
* jc/better-conflict-resolution:
Fix AsciiDoc errors in merge documentation
git-merge documentation: describe how conflict is presented
checkout --conflict=<style>: recreate merge in a non-default style
checkout -m: recreate merge when checking out of unmerged index
git-merge-recursive: learn to honor merge.conflictstyle
merge.conflictstyle: choose between "merge" and "diff3 -m" styles
rerere: understand "diff3 -m" style conflicts with the original
rerere.c: use symbolic constants to keep track of parsing states
xmerge.c: "diff3 -m" style clips merge reduction level to EAGER or less
xmerge.c: minimum readability fixups
xdiff-merge: optionally show conflicts in "diff3 -m" style
xdl_fill_merge_buffer(): separate out a too deeply nested function
checkout --ours/--theirs: allow checking out one side of a conflicting merge
checkout -f: allow ignoring unmerged paths when checking out of the index
Conflicts:
Documentation/git-checkout.txt
builtin-checkout.c
builtin-merge-recursive.c
t/t7201-co.sh
In the section on conflict markers, the "<<<<<<<" sequence is compiled by
AsciiDoc into invalid XML. A way to resolve this is by inserting something
between the last two characters in that sequence (i.e. between '<' and '"').
This patch encloses the conflict markers in backticks, which renders them
in a monospace font (in the HTML version; the manual page is unaffected),
and with the pleasant side-effect that it also fixes the AsciiDoc compile
problem.
Signed-off-by: Johan Herland <johan@herland.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
We took it granted that everybody knows how to read the RCS merge style
conflicts, and did not give illustrations in the documentation. Now we
are introducing an alternative output style, it is time to document this.
The lack of illustration has been bugging me for a long time.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
When the SYNOPSIS says e.g. "<path>...", it is nice if the DESCRIPTION
also mentions "<path>..." and says the specified "paths" (note plural)
are used for $whatever. This fixes the obvious mismatches.
Signed-off-by: Abhijit Menon-Sen <ams@toroid.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
The git-merge documentation's "HOW MERGE WORKS" section is confusingly
composed and actually omits the most interesting part, the merging of
the arguments into HEAD itself, surprisingly not actually mentioning
the fast-forward merge anywhere.
This patch replaces the "[NOTE]" screenful of highly technical details
by a single sentence summing up the interesting information, and instead
explains how are the arguments compared with HEAD and the three possible
inclusion states that are named "Already up-to-date", "Fast-forward"
and "True merge". It also makes it clear that the rest of the section
talks only about the true merge situation, and slightly expands the
talk on solving conflicts.
Junio initiated the removal of the Note screenful altogether and
offered many stylistical fixes.
Signed-off-by: Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Merge has always set ORIG_HEAD but never mentioned it, while we
recently added it to am and rebase. These facts should be reflected
in the documentation.
git-reset also sets ORIG_HEAD, but that fact is already mentioned in
the very first example so no changes were needed there.
Signed-off-by: Brian Gernhardt <benji@silverinsanity.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
The names of git commands are not meant to be entered at the
commandline; they are just names. So we render them in italics,
as is usual for command names in manpages.
Using
doit () {
perl -e 'for (<>) { s/\`(git-[^\`.]*)\`/'\''\1'\''/g; print }'
}
for i in git*.txt config.txt diff*.txt blame*.txt fetch*.txt i18n.txt \
merge*.txt pretty*.txt pull*.txt rev*.txt urls*.txt
do
doit <"$i" >"$i+" && mv "$i+" "$i"
done
git diff
.
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@uchicago.edu>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Following what appears to be the predominant style, format
names of commands and commandlines both as `teletype text`.
While we're at it, add articles ("a" and "the") in some
places, italicize the name of the command in the manual page
synopsis line, and add a comma or two where it seems appropriate.
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@uchicago.edu>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Since the git-* commands are not installed in $(bindir), using
"git-command <parameters>" in examples in the documentation is
not a good idea. On the other hand, it is nice to be able to
refer to each command using one hyphenated word. (There is no
escaping it, anyway: man page names cannot have spaces in them.)
This patch retains the dash in naming an operation, command,
program, process, or action. Complete command lines that can
be entered at a shell (i.e., without options omitted) are
made to use the dashless form.
The changes consist only of replacing some spaces with hyphens
and vice versa. After a "s/ /-/g", the unpatched and patched
versions are identical.
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@uchicago.edu>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
As the "git" man page describes the "git" command at the end-user
level, it seems better to move it to man section 1.
Signed-off-by: Christian Couder <chriscool@tuxfamily.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
This option has the same effect as '--(no-)summary' (i.e. whether to
show a diffsat at the end of the merge or not), and it is consistent
with the '--stat' option of other git commands.
Documentation, tests, and bash completion are updaed accordingly, and the
old --summary option is marked as being deprected.
Signed-off-by: SZEDER Gábor <szeder@ira.uka.de>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Include the new file from config.txt and git-merge.txt.
Signed-off-by: SZEDER Gábor <szeder@ira.uka.de>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
A merge is not necessarily with a remote branch, it can be with any
commit.
Thanks to Paolo Ciarrocchi for pointing out the problem, and to
Nicolas Pitre for pointing out the fact that a merge is not
necessarily with a branch head.
Signed-off-by: Matthieu Moy <Matthieu.Moy@imag.fr>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Between AsciiDoc 8.2.2 and 8.2.3, the following change was made to the stock
Asciidoc configuration:
@@ -149,7 +153,10 @@
# Inline macros.
# Backslash prefix required for escape processing.
# (?s) re flag for line spanning.
-(?su)[\\]?(?P<name>\w(\w|-)*?):(?P<target>\S*?)(\[(?P<attrlist>.*?)\])=
+
+# Explicit so they can be nested.
+(?su)[\\]?(?P<name>(http|https|ftp|file|mailto|callto|image|link)):(?P<target>\S*?)(\[(?P<attrlist>.*?)\])=
+
# Anchor: [[[id]]]. Bibliographic anchor.
(?su)[\\]?\[\[\[(?P<attrlist>[\w][\w-]*?)\]\]\]=anchor3
# Anchor: [[id,xreflabel]]
This default regex now matches explicit values, and unfortunately in this
case gitlink was being matched by just 'link', causing the wrong inline
macro template to be applied. By renaming the macro, we can avoid being
matched by the wrong regex.
Signed-off-by: Dan McGee <dpmcgee@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
* maint:
Update GIT 1.5.3.5 Release Notes
git-rebase--interactive.sh: Make 3-way merge strategies work for -p.
git-rebase--interactive.sh: Don't pass a strategy to git-cherry-pick.
Fix --strategy parsing in git-rebase--interactive.sh
Make merge-recursive honor diff.renamelimit
cherry-pick/revert: more compact user direction message
core-tutorial: Use new syntax for git-merge.
git-merge: document but discourage the historical syntax
Prevent send-pack from segfaulting (backport from 'master')
Documentation/git-cvsexportcommit.txt: s/mgs/msg/ in example
Conflicts:
git-rebase--interactive.sh
Historically "git merge" took its command line arguments in a
rather strange order. Document the historical syntax, and also
document clearly that it is not encouraged in new scripts.
There is no reason to deprecate the historical syntax, as the
current code can sanely tell which syntax the caller is using,
and existing scripts by people do use the historical syntax.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
* lh/merge:
git-merge: add --ff and --no-ff options
git-merge: add support for --commit and --no-squash
git-merge: add support for branch.<name>.mergeoptions
git-merge: refactor option parsing
git-merge: fix faulty SQUASH_MSG
Add test-script for git-merge porcelain
This enables per branch configuration of merge options. Currently, the most
useful options to specify per branch are --squash, --summary/--no-summary
and possibly --strategy, but all options are supported.
Note: Options containing whitespace will _not_ be handled correctly. Luckily,
the only option which can include whitespace is --message and it doesn't
make much sense to give that option a default value.
Signed-off-by: Lars Hjemli <hjemli@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Add "Configuration" section to describe merge.summary
configuration variable (which is mentioned in git-fmt-merge-msg(1)
man page, but it is a plumbing command), and merge.verbosity
configuration variable (so there is a place to make reference
from "Environment Variables" section of git(7) man page) to the
git-merge(1) man page. Also describe GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY
environment.
The configuration variable merge.verbosity and environment variable
GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY were introduced in commit 8c3275ab, which also
documented configuration variable but not environment variable.
Signed-off-by: Jakub Narebski <jnareb@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
This uses "git-apply --whitespace=strip" to fix whitespace errors that have
crept in to our source files over time. There are a few files that need
to have trailing whitespaces (most notably, test vectors). The results
still passes the test, and build result in Documentation/ area is unchanged.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
The diffstat can be controlled either with command-line options
(--summary|--no-summary) or with merge.diffstat. The default is
left as it was: diffstat is active by default.
Signed-off-by: Alex Riesen <raa.lkml@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
Since `git add` is the approved porcelain for an end-user to invoke
when they want to manipulate the index, porcelain documentation
should steer the user to this command rather than the pure plumbing
update-index.
Signed-off-by: Shawn O. Pearce <spearce@spearce.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
Junio rightly pointed out that the --reflog-action parameter
was starting to get out of control, as most porcelain code
needed to hand it to other porcelain and plumbing alike to
ensure the reflog contained the top-level user action and
not the lower-level actions it invoked.
At Junio's suggestion we are introducing the new set_reflog_action
function to all shell scripts, allowing them to declare early on
what their default reflog name should be, but this setting only
takes effect if the caller has not already set the GIT_REFLOG_ACTION
environment variable.
Signed-off-by: Shawn O. Pearce <spearce@spearce.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
