Merge branch 'js/init-defaultbranch-advice'

Our users are going to be trained to prepare for future change of
init.defaultBranch configuration variable.

* js/init-defaultbranch-advice:
  init: provide useful advice about init.defaultBranch
  get_default_branch_name(): prepare for showing some advice
  branch -m: allow renaming a yet-unborn branch
  init: document `init.defaultBranch` better

Documentation/git-init.txt

@@ -20,8 +20,9 @@ DESCRIPTION
 
 This command creates an empty Git repository - basically a `.git`
 directory with subdirectories for `objects`, `refs/heads`,
-`refs/tags`, and template files.  An initial `HEAD` file that
-references the HEAD of the master branch is also created.
+`refs/tags`, and template files.  An initial branch without any
+commits will be created (see the `--initial-branch` option below
+for its name).
 
 If the `$GIT_DIR` environment variable is set then it specifies a path
 to use instead of `./.git` for the base of the repository.
@@ -73,8 +74,10 @@ If this is reinitialization, the repository will be moved to the specified path.
 -b <branch-name>::
 --initial-branch=<branch-name>::
 
-Use the specified name for the initial branch in the newly created repository.
-If not specified, fall back to the default name: `master`.
+Use the specified name for the initial branch in the newly created
+repository.  If not specified, fall back to the default name (currently
+`master`, but this is subject to change in the future; the name can be
+customized via the `init.defaultBranch` configuration variable).
 
 --shared[=(false|true|umask|group|all|world|everybody|0xxx)]::
 

builtin/branch.c

@@ -538,7 +538,9 @@ static void copy_or_rename_branch(const char *oldname, const char *newname, int
 		strbuf_addf(&logmsg, "Branch: renamed %s to %s",
 			    oldref.buf, newref.buf);
 
-	if (!copy && rename_ref(oldref.buf, newref.buf, logmsg.buf))
+	if (!copy &&
+	    (!head || strcmp(oldname, head) || !is_null_oid(&head_oid)) &&
+	    rename_ref(oldref.buf, newref.buf, logmsg.buf))
 		die(_("Branch rename failed"));
 	if (copy && copy_existing_ref(oldref.buf, newref.buf, logmsg.buf))
 		die(_("Branch copy failed"));

builtin/clone.c

@@ -1326,7 +1326,7 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		remote_head = NULL;
 		option_no_checkout = 1;
 		if (!option_bare) {
-			const char *branch = git_default_branch_name();
+			const char *branch = git_default_branch_name(0);
 			char *ref = xstrfmt("refs/heads/%s", branch);
 
 			install_branch_config(0, branch, remote_name, ref);

builtin/init-db.c

@@ -202,7 +202,8 @@ void initialize_repository_version(int hash_algo, int reinit)
 static int create_default_files(const char *template_path,
 				const char *original_git_dir,
 				const char *initial_branch,
-				const struct repository_format *fmt)
+				const struct repository_format *fmt,
+				int quiet)
 {
 	struct stat st1;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -267,7 +268,7 @@ static int create_default_files(const char *template_path,
 		char *ref;
 
 		if (!initial_branch)
-			initial_branch = git_default_branch_name();
+			initial_branch = git_default_branch_name(quiet);
 
 		ref = xstrfmt("refs/heads/%s", initial_branch);
 		if (check_refname_format(ref, 0) < 0)
@@ -438,7 +439,8 @@ int init_db(const char *git_dir, const char *real_git_dir,
 	validate_hash_algorithm(&repo_fmt, hash);
 
 	reinit = create_default_files(template_dir, original_git_dir,
-				      initial_branch, &repo_fmt);
+				      initial_branch, &repo_fmt,
+				      flags & INIT_DB_QUIET);
 	if (reinit && initial_branch)
 		warning(_("re-init: ignored --initial-branch=%s"),
 			initial_branch);

refs.c

@@ -562,7 +562,20 @@ void expand_ref_prefix(struct strvec *prefixes, const char *prefix)
 		strvec_pushf(prefixes, *p, len, prefix);
 }
 
-char *repo_default_branch_name(struct repository *r)
+static const char default_branch_name_advice[] = N_(
+"Using '%s' as the name for the initial branch. This default branch name\n"
+"is subject to change. To configure the initial branch name to use in all\n"
+"of your new repositories, which will suppress this warning, call:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit config --global init.defaultBranch <name>\n"
+"\n"
+"Names commonly chosen instead of 'master' are 'main', 'trunk' and\n"
+"'development'. The just-created branch can be renamed via this command:\n"
+"\n"
+"\tgit branch -m <name>\n"
+);
+
+char *repo_default_branch_name(struct repository *r, int quiet)
 {
 	const char *config_key = "init.defaultbranch";
 	const char *config_display_key = "init.defaultBranch";
@@ -574,8 +587,11 @@ char *repo_default_branch_name(struct repository *r)
 	else if (repo_config_get_string(r, config_key, &ret) < 0)
 		die(_("could not retrieve `%s`"), config_display_key);
 
-	if (!ret)
+	if (!ret) {
 		ret = xstrdup("master");
+		if (!quiet)
+			advise(_(default_branch_name_advice), ret);
+	}
 
 	full_ref = xstrfmt("refs/heads/%s", ret);
 	if (check_refname_format(full_ref, 0))
@@ -585,12 +601,12 @@ char *repo_default_branch_name(struct repository *r)
 	return ret;
 }
 
-const char *git_default_branch_name(void)
+const char *git_default_branch_name(int quiet)
 {
 	static char *ret;
 
 	if (!ret)
-		ret = repo_default_branch_name(the_repository);
+		ret = repo_default_branch_name(the_repository, quiet);
 
 	return ret;
 }

refs.h

@@ -170,8 +170,8 @@ int dwim_log(const char *str, int len, struct object_id *oid, char **ref);
  * The return value of `repo_default_branch_name()` is an allocated string. The
  * return value of `git_default_branch_name()` is a singleton.
  */
-const char *git_default_branch_name(void);
-char *repo_default_branch_name(struct repository *r);
+const char *git_default_branch_name(int quiet);
+char *repo_default_branch_name(struct repository *r, int quiet);
 
 /*
  * A ref_transaction represents a collection of reference updates that

remote.c

@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ static void read_branches_file(struct remote *remote)
 	if (frag)
 		*(frag++) = '\0';
 	else
-		frag = (char *)git_default_branch_name();
+		frag = (char *)git_default_branch_name(0);
 
 	add_url_alias(remote, strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL));
 	refspec_appendf(&remote->fetch, "refs/heads/%s:refs/heads/%s",
@@ -2206,7 +2206,8 @@ struct ref *guess_remote_head(const struct ref *head,
 
 	/* If a remote branch exists with the default branch name, let's use it. */
 	if (!all) {
-		char *ref = xstrfmt("refs/heads/%s", git_default_branch_name());
+		char *ref = xstrfmt("refs/heads/%s",
+				    git_default_branch_name(0));
 
 		r = find_ref_by_name(refs, ref);
 		free(ref);

t/t0001-init.sh

@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ test_expect_success 'reinit' '
 	(
 		mkdir again &&
 		cd again &&
-		git init >out1 2>err1 &&
+		git -c init.defaultBranch=initial init >out1 2>err1 &&
 		git init >out2 2>err2
 	) &&
 	test_i18ngrep "Initialized empty" again/out1 &&
@@ -558,6 +558,13 @@ test_expect_success 'overridden default initial branch name (config)' '
 	grep nmb actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'advice on unconfigured init.defaultBranch' '
+	GIT_TEST_DEFAULT_INITIAL_BRANCH_NAME= git -c color.advice=always \
+		init unconfigured-default-branch-name 2>err &&
+	test_decode_color <err >decoded &&
+	test_i18ngrep "<YELLOW>hint: " decoded
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'overridden default main branch name (env)' '
 	test_config_global init.defaultBranch nmb &&
 	GIT_TEST_DEFAULT_INITIAL_BRANCH_NAME=env git init main-branch-env &&
@@ -571,4 +578,12 @@ test_expect_success 'invalid default branch name' '
 	test_i18ngrep "invalid branch name" err
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'branch -m with the initial branch' '
+	git init rename-initial &&
+	git -C rename-initial branch -m renamed &&
+	test renamed = $(git -C rename-initial symbolic-ref --short HEAD) &&
+	git -C rename-initial branch -m renamed again &&
+	test again = $(git -C rename-initial symbolic-ref --short HEAD)
+'
+
 test_done

t/t1510-repo-setup.sh

@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ setup_repo () {
 	name=$1 worktreecfg=$2 gitfile=$3 barecfg=$4 &&
 	sane_unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE &&
 
-	git init "$name" &&
+	git -c init.defaultBranch=initial init "$name" &&
 	maybe_config "$name/.git/config" core.worktree "$worktreecfg" &&
 	maybe_config "$name/.git/config" core.bare "$barecfg" &&
 	mkdir -p "$name/sub/sub" &&

t/test-lib-functions.sh

@@ -1202,7 +1202,9 @@ test_create_repo () {
 	mkdir -p "$repo"
 	(
 		cd "$repo" || error "Cannot setup test environment"
-		"${GIT_TEST_INSTALLED:-$GIT_EXEC_PATH}/git$X" init \
+		"${GIT_TEST_INSTALLED:-$GIT_EXEC_PATH}/git$X" -c \
+			init.defaultBranch="${GIT_TEST_DEFAULT_INITIAL_BRANCH_NAME-master}" \
+			init \
 			"--template=$GIT_BUILD_DIR/templates/blt/" >&3 2>&4 ||
 		error "cannot run git init -- have you built things yet?"
 		mv .git/hooks .git/hooks-disabled