diff --git a/builtin/fetch.c b/builtin/fetch.c
index 25740c13df..e064687dbd 100644
--- a/builtin/fetch.c
+++ b/builtin/fetch.c
@@ -1428,7 +1428,9 @@ static void add_negotiation_tips(struct git_transport_options *smart_options)
 		if (!has_glob_specials(s)) {
 			struct object_id oid;
 			if (get_oid(s, &oid))
-				die("%s is not a valid object", s);
+				die(_("%s is not a valid object"), s);
+			if (!has_object(the_repository, &oid, 0))
+				die(_("the object %s does not exist"), s);
 			oid_array_append(oids, &oid);
 			continue;
 		}
diff --git a/builtin/send-pack.c b/builtin/send-pack.c
index a7e01667b0..729dea1d25 100644
--- a/builtin/send-pack.c
+++ b/builtin/send-pack.c
@@ -230,6 +230,7 @@ int cmd_send_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	args.atomic = atomic;
 	args.stateless_rpc = stateless_rpc;
 	args.push_options = push_options.nr ? &push_options : NULL;
+	args.url = dest;
 
 	if (from_stdin) {
 		if (args.stateless_rpc) {
diff --git a/send-pack.c b/send-pack.c
index 5a79e0e711..b3a495b7b1 100644
--- a/send-pack.c
+++ b/send-pack.c
@@ -425,8 +425,10 @@ static void get_commons_through_negotiation(const char *url,
 	child.no_stdin = 1;
 	child.out = -1;
 	strvec_pushl(&child.args, "fetch", "--negotiate-only", NULL);
-	for (ref = remote_refs; ref; ref = ref->next)
-		strvec_pushf(&child.args, "--negotiation-tip=%s", oid_to_hex(&ref->new_oid));
+	for (ref = remote_refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+		if (!is_null_oid(&ref->new_oid))
+			strvec_pushf(&child.args, "--negotiation-tip=%s", oid_to_hex(&ref->new_oid));
+	}
 	strvec_push(&child.args, url);
 
 	if (start_command(&child))
diff --git a/t/t5510-fetch.sh b/t/t5510-fetch.sh
index e83b2a6506..a0faf0dd94 100755
--- a/t/t5510-fetch.sh
+++ b/t/t5510-fetch.sh
@@ -1214,6 +1214,19 @@ test_expect_success '--negotiation-tip understands abbreviated SHA-1' '
 	check_negotiation_tip
 '
 
+test_expect_success '--negotiation-tip rejects missing OIDs' '
+	setup_negotiation_tip server server 0 &&
+	test_must_fail git -C client fetch \
+		--negotiation-tip=alpha_1 \
+		--negotiation-tip=$(test_oid zero) \
+		origin alpha_s beta_s 2>err &&
+	cat >fatal-expect <<-EOF &&
+	fatal: the object $(test_oid zero) does not exist
+EOF
+	grep fatal: err >fatal-actual &&
+	test_cmp fatal-expect fatal-actual
+'
+
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-httpd.sh
 start_httpd
 
diff --git a/t/t5516-fetch-push.sh b/t/t5516-fetch-push.sh
index 0916f76302..4db8edd9c8 100755
--- a/t/t5516-fetch-push.sh
+++ b/t/t5516-fetch-push.sh
@@ -201,6 +201,7 @@ test_expect_success 'push with negotiation' '
 	# Without negotiation
 	mk_empty testrepo &&
 	git push testrepo $the_first_commit:refs/remotes/origin/first_commit &&
+	test_commit -C testrepo unrelated_commit &&
 	git -C testrepo config receive.hideRefs refs/remotes/origin/first_commit &&
 	echo now pushing without negotiation &&
 	GIT_TRACE2_EVENT="$(pwd)/event" git -c protocol.version=2 push testrepo refs/heads/main:refs/remotes/origin/main &&
@@ -210,6 +211,7 @@ test_expect_success 'push with negotiation' '
 	rm event &&
 	mk_empty testrepo &&
 	git push testrepo $the_first_commit:refs/remotes/origin/first_commit &&
+	test_commit -C testrepo unrelated_commit &&
 	git -C testrepo config receive.hideRefs refs/remotes/origin/first_commit &&
 	GIT_TRACE2_EVENT="$(pwd)/event" git -c protocol.version=2 -c push.negotiate=1 push testrepo refs/heads/main:refs/remotes/origin/main &&
 	grep_wrote 2 event # 1 commit, 1 tree
@@ -219,6 +221,7 @@ test_expect_success 'push with negotiation proceeds anyway even if negotiation f
 	rm event &&
 	mk_empty testrepo &&
 	git push testrepo $the_first_commit:refs/remotes/origin/first_commit &&
+	test_commit -C testrepo unrelated_commit &&
 	git -C testrepo config receive.hideRefs refs/remotes/origin/first_commit &&
 	GIT_TEST_PROTOCOL_VERSION=0 GIT_TRACE2_EVENT="$(pwd)/event" \
 		git -c push.negotiate=1 push testrepo refs/heads/main:refs/remotes/origin/main 2>err &&
@@ -1767,5 +1770,4 @@ test_expect_success 'denyCurrentBranch and worktrees' '
 	git -C cloned push origin HEAD:new-wt &&
 	test_must_fail git -C cloned push --delete origin new-wt
 '
-
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5549-fetch-push-http.sh b/t/t5549-fetch-push-http.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..2cdebcb735
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5549-fetch-push-http.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='fetch/push functionality using the HTTP protocol'
+
+GIT_TEST_DEFAULT_INITIAL_BRANCH_NAME=main
+export GIT_TEST_DEFAULT_INITIAL_BRANCH_NAME
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-httpd.sh
+start_httpd
+
+SERVER="$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/server"
+URI="$HTTPD_URL/smart/server"
+
+grep_wrote () {
+	object_count=$1
+	file_name=$2
+	grep 'write_pack_file/wrote.*"value":"'$1'"' $2
+}
+
+setup_client_and_server () {
+	git init client &&
+	test_when_finished 'rm -rf client' &&
+	test_commit -C client first_commit &&
+	test_commit -C client second_commit &&
+
+	git init "$SERVER" &&
+	test_when_finished 'rm -rf "$SERVER"' &&
+	test_config -C "$SERVER" http.receivepack true &&
+	test_commit -C "$SERVER" unrelated_commit &&
+	git -C client push "$URI" first_commit:refs/remotes/origin/first_commit &&
+	git -C "$SERVER" config receive.hideRefs refs/remotes/origin/first_commit
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'push without negotiation (for comparing object counts with the next test)' '
+	setup_client_and_server &&
+
+	GIT_TRACE2_EVENT="$(pwd)/event" git -C client -c protocol.version=2 \
+		push "$URI" refs/heads/main:refs/remotes/origin/main &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f event" &&
+	grep_wrote 6 event # 2 commits, 2 trees, 2 blobs
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push with negotiation' '
+	setup_client_and_server &&
+
+	GIT_TRACE2_EVENT="$(pwd)/event" git -C client -c protocol.version=2 -c push.negotiate=1 \
+		push "$URI" refs/heads/main:refs/remotes/origin/main &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f event" &&
+	grep_wrote 3 event # 1 commit, 1 tree, 1 blob
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push with negotiation proceeds anyway even if negotiation fails' '
+	setup_client_and_server &&
+
+	# Use protocol v0 to make negotiation fail (because protocol v0 does
+	# not support the "wait-for-done" capability, which is required for
+	# push negotiation)
+	GIT_TEST_PROTOCOL_VERSION=0 GIT_TRACE2_EVENT="$(pwd)/event" git -C client -c push.negotiate=1 \
+		push "$URI" refs/heads/main:refs/remotes/origin/main 2>err &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f event" &&
+	grep_wrote 6 event && # 2 commits, 2 trees, 2 blobs
+
+	cat >warning-expect <<-EOF &&
+	warning: --negotiate-only requires protocol v2
+	warning: push negotiation failed; proceeding anyway with push
+EOF
+	grep warning: err >warning-actual &&
+	test_cmp warning-expect warning-actual
+'
+
+test_done