Merge branch 'ab/help-fixes'

Updates to how command line options to "git help" are handled.

* ab/help-fixes:
  help: don't print "\n" before single-section output
  help: add --no-[external-commands|aliases] for use with --all
  help: error if [-a|-g|-c] and [-i|-m|-w] are combined
  help: correct usage & behavior of "git help --all"
  help: note the option name on option incompatibility
  help.c: split up list_all_cmds_help() function
  help tests: test "git" and "git help [-a|-g] spacing
  help.c: use puts() instead of printf{,_ln}() for consistency
  help doc: add missing "]" to "[-a|--all]"

Documentation/git-help.txt

@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ git-help - Display help information about Git
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git help' [-a|--all [--[no-]verbose]]
-	   [[-i|--info] [-m|--man] [-w|--web]] [<command>|<guide>]
+'git help' [-a|--all] [--[no-]verbose] [--[no-]external-commands] [--[no-]aliases]
+'git help' [[-i|--info] [-m|--man] [-w|--web]] [<command>|<guide>]
 'git help' [-g|--guides]
 'git help' [-c|--config]
 
@@ -46,8 +46,15 @@ OPTIONS
 -------
 -a::
 --all::
-	Prints all the available commands on the standard output. This
-	option overrides any given command or guide name.
+	Prints all the available commands on the standard output.
+
+--no-external-commands::
+	When used with `--all`, exclude the listing of external "git-*"
+	commands found in the `$PATH`.
+
+--no-aliases::
+	When used with `--all`, exclude the listing of configured
+	aliases.
 
 --verbose::
 	When used with `--all` print description for all recognized

builtin/help.c

@@ -51,9 +51,14 @@ static const char *html_path;
 static int verbose = 1;
 static enum help_format help_format = HELP_FORMAT_NONE;
 static int exclude_guides;
+static int show_external_commands = -1;
+static int show_aliases = -1;
 static struct option builtin_help_options[] = {
 	OPT_CMDMODE('a', "all", &cmd_mode, N_("print all available commands"),
 		    HELP_ACTION_ALL),
+	OPT_BOOL(0, "external-commands", &show_external_commands,
+		 N_("show external commands in --all")),
+	OPT_BOOL(0, "aliases", &show_aliases, N_("show aliases in --all")),
 	OPT_HIDDEN_BOOL(0, "exclude-guides", &exclude_guides, N_("exclude guides")),
 	OPT_SET_INT('m', "man", &help_format, N_("show man page"), HELP_FORMAT_MAN),
 	OPT_SET_INT('w', "web", &help_format, N_("show manual in web browser"),
@@ -75,8 +80,8 @@ static struct option builtin_help_options[] = {
 };
 
 static const char * const builtin_help_usage[] = {
-	N_("git help [-a|--all] [--[no-]verbose]]\n"
-	   "         [[-i|--info] [-m|--man] [-w|--web]] [<command>]"),
+	"git help [-a|--all] [--[no-]verbose]] [--[no-]external-commands] [--[no-]aliases]",
+	N_("git help [[-i|--info] [-m|--man] [-w|--web]] [<command>]"),
 	"git help [-g|--guides]",
 	"git help [-c|--config]",
 	NULL
@@ -574,11 +579,40 @@ static const char *check_git_cmd(const char* cmd)
 	return cmd;
 }
 
-static void no_extra_argc(int argc)
+static void no_help_format(const char *opt_mode, enum help_format fmt)
+{
+	const char *opt_fmt;
+
+	switch (fmt) {
+	case HELP_FORMAT_NONE:
+		return;
+	case HELP_FORMAT_MAN:
+		opt_fmt = "--man";
+		break;
+	case HELP_FORMAT_INFO:
+		opt_fmt = "--info";
+		break;
+	case HELP_FORMAT_WEB:
+		opt_fmt = "--web";
+		break;
+	default:
+		BUG("unreachable");
+	}
+
+	usage_msg_optf(_("options '%s' and '%s' cannot be used together"),
+		       builtin_help_usage, builtin_help_options, opt_mode,
+		       opt_fmt);
+}
+
+static void opt_mode_usage(int argc, const char *opt_mode,
+			   enum help_format fmt)
 {
 	if (argc)
-		usage_msg_opt(_("this option doesn't take any other arguments"),
-			      builtin_help_usage, builtin_help_options);
+		usage_msg_optf(_("the '%s' option doesn't take any non-option arguments"),
+			       builtin_help_usage, builtin_help_options,
+			       opt_mode);
+
+	no_help_format(opt_mode, fmt);
 }
 
 int cmd_help(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
@@ -591,11 +625,19 @@ int cmd_help(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			builtin_help_usage, 0);
 	parsed_help_format = help_format;
 
+	if (cmd_mode != HELP_ACTION_ALL &&
+	    (show_external_commands >= 0 ||
+	     show_aliases >= 0))
+		usage_msg_opt(_("the '--no-[external-commands|aliases]' options can only be used with '--all'"),
+			      builtin_help_usage, builtin_help_options);
+
 	switch (cmd_mode) {
 	case HELP_ACTION_ALL:
+		opt_mode_usage(argc, "--all", help_format);
 		if (verbose) {
 			setup_pager();
-			list_all_cmds_help();
+			list_all_cmds_help(show_external_commands,
+					   show_aliases);
 			return 0;
 		}
 		printf(_("usage: %s%s"), _(git_usage_string), "\n\n");
@@ -604,20 +646,21 @@ int cmd_help(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		printf("%s\n", _(git_more_info_string));
 		break;
 	case HELP_ACTION_GUIDES:
-		no_extra_argc(argc);
+		opt_mode_usage(argc, "--guides", help_format);
 		list_guides_help();
 		printf("%s\n", _(git_more_info_string));
 		return 0;
 	case HELP_ACTION_CONFIG_FOR_COMPLETION:
-		no_extra_argc(argc);
+		opt_mode_usage(argc, "--config-for-completion", help_format);
 		list_config_help(SHOW_CONFIG_VARS);
 		return 0;
 	case HELP_ACTION_CONFIG_SECTIONS_FOR_COMPLETION:
-		no_extra_argc(argc);
+		opt_mode_usage(argc, "--config-sections-for-completion",
+			       help_format);
 		list_config_help(SHOW_CONFIG_SECTIONS);
 		return 0;
 	case HELP_ACTION_CONFIG:
-		no_extra_argc(argc);
+		opt_mode_usage(argc, "--config", help_format);
 		setup_pager();
 		list_config_help(SHOW_CONFIG_HUMAN);
 		printf("\n%s\n", _("'git help config' for more information"));

help.c

@@ -124,7 +124,9 @@ static void print_cmd_by_category(const struct category_description *catdesc,
 		uint32_t mask = catdesc[i].category;
 		const char *desc = catdesc[i].desc;
 
-		printf("\n%s\n", _(desc));
+		if (i)
+			putchar('\n');
+		puts(_(desc));
 		print_command_list(cmds, mask, longest);
 	}
 	free(cmds);
@@ -317,7 +319,7 @@ void list_commands(struct cmdnames *main_cmds, struct cmdnames *other_cmds)
 	}
 
 	if (other_cmds->cnt) {
-		printf_ln(_("git commands available from elsewhere on your $PATH"));
+		puts(_("git commands available from elsewhere on your $PATH"));
 		putchar('\n');
 		pretty_print_cmdnames(other_cmds, colopts);
 		putchar('\n');
@@ -327,6 +329,7 @@ void list_commands(struct cmdnames *main_cmds, struct cmdnames *other_cmds)
 void list_common_cmds_help(void)
 {
 	puts(_("These are common Git commands used in various situations:"));
+	putchar('\n');
 	print_cmd_by_category(common_categories, NULL);
 }
 
@@ -432,15 +435,10 @@ static int get_alias(const char *var, const char *value, void *data)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-void list_all_cmds_help(void)
+static void list_all_cmds_help_external_commands(void)
 {
 	struct string_list others = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
-	struct string_list alias_list = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
-	struct cmdname_help *aliases;
-	int i, longest;
-
-	printf_ln(_("See 'git help <command>' to read about a specific subcommand"));
-	print_cmd_by_category(main_categories, &longest);
+	int i;
 
 	list_all_other_cmds(&others);
 	if (others.nr)
@@ -448,6 +446,13 @@ void list_all_cmds_help(void)
 	for (i = 0; i < others.nr; i++)
 		printf("   %s\n", others.items[i].string);
 	string_list_clear(&others, 0);
+}
+
+static void list_all_cmds_help_aliases(int longest)
+{
+	struct string_list alias_list = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+	struct cmdname_help *aliases;
+	int i;
 
 	git_config(get_alias, &alias_list);
 	string_list_sort(&alias_list);
@@ -473,6 +478,20 @@ void list_all_cmds_help(void)
 	string_list_clear(&alias_list, 1);
 }
 
+void list_all_cmds_help(int show_external_commands, int show_aliases)
+{
+	int longest;
+
+	puts(_("See 'git help <command>' to read about a specific subcommand"));
+	putchar('\n');
+	print_cmd_by_category(main_categories, &longest);
+
+	if (show_external_commands)
+		list_all_cmds_help_external_commands();
+	if (show_aliases)
+		list_all_cmds_help_aliases(longest);
+}
+
 int is_in_cmdlist(struct cmdnames *c, const char *s)
 {
 	int i;

help.h

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ static inline void mput_char(char c, unsigned int num)
 }
 
 void list_common_cmds_help(void);
-void list_all_cmds_help(void);
+void list_all_cmds_help(int show_external_commands, int show_aliases);
 void list_guides_help(void);
 
 void list_all_main_cmds(struct string_list *list);

t/t0012-help.sh

@@ -35,6 +35,9 @@ test_expect_success 'basic help commands' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'invalid usage' '
+	test_expect_code 129 git help -a add &&
+	test_expect_code 129 git help --all add &&
+
 	test_expect_code 129 git help -g add &&
 	test_expect_code 129 git help -a -c &&
 
@@ -46,6 +49,29 @@ test_expect_success 'invalid usage' '
 	test_expect_code 129 git help --config-sections-for-completion add
 '
 
+for opt in '-a' '-g' '-c' '--config-for-completion' '--config-sections-for-completion'
+do
+	test_expect_success "invalid usage of '$opt' with [-i|-m|-w]" '
+		git help $opt &&
+		test_expect_code 129 git help $opt -i &&
+		test_expect_code 129 git help $opt -m &&
+		test_expect_code 129 git help $opt -w
+	'
+
+	if test "$opt" = "-a"
+	then
+		continue
+	fi
+
+	test_expect_success "invalid usage of '$opt' with --no-external-commands" '
+		test_expect_code 129 git help $opt --no-external-commands
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "invalid usage of '$opt' with --no-aliases" '
+		test_expect_code 129 git help $opt --no-external-commands
+	'
+done
+
 test_expect_success "works for commands and guides by default" '
 	configure_help &&
 	git help status &&
@@ -138,6 +164,74 @@ test_expect_success 'git help --config-sections-for-completion' '
 	test_cmp human.munged sections
 '
 
+test_section_spacing () {
+	cat >expect &&
+	"$@" >out &&
+	grep -E "(^[^ ]|^$)" out >actual
+}
+
+test_section_spacing_trailer () {
+	test_section_spacing "$@" &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git >out &&
+	sed -n '/list available subcommands/,$p' <out >>expect
+}
+
+
+for cmd in git "git help"
+do
+	test_expect_success "'$cmd' section spacing" '
+		test_section_spacing_trailer git help <<-\EOF &&
+		usage: git [--version] [--help] [-C <path>] [-c <name>=<value>]
+
+		These are common Git commands used in various situations:
+
+		start a working area (see also: git help tutorial)
+
+		work on the current change (see also: git help everyday)
+
+		examine the history and state (see also: git help revisions)
+
+		grow, mark and tweak your common history
+
+		collaborate (see also: git help workflows)
+
+		EOF
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	'
+done
+
+test_expect_success "'git help -a' section spacing" '
+	test_section_spacing \
+		git help -a --no-external-commands --no-aliases <<-\EOF &&
+	See '\''git help <command>'\'' to read about a specific subcommand
+
+	Main Porcelain Commands
+
+	Ancillary Commands / Manipulators
+
+	Ancillary Commands / Interrogators
+
+	Interacting with Others
+
+	Low-level Commands / Manipulators
+
+	Low-level Commands / Interrogators
+
+	Low-level Commands / Syncing Repositories
+
+	Low-level Commands / Internal Helpers
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success "'git help -g' section spacing" '
+	test_section_spacing_trailer git help -g <<-\EOF &&
+	The Git concept guides are:
+
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'generate builtin list' '
 	mkdir -p sub &&
 	git --list-cmds=builtins >builtins