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Merge commit 'b319ef7' into jc/maint-fix-test-perm

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* commit 'b319ef7': (8132 commits)
  Add a small patch-mode testing library
  git-apply--interactive: Refactor patch mode code
  t8005: Nobody writes Russian in shift_jis
  Fix severe breakage in "git-apply --whitespace=fix"
  Update release notes for 1.6.4
  After renaming a section, print any trailing variable definitions
  Make section_name_match start on '[', and return the length on success
  send-email: detect cycles in alias expansion
  Show the presence of untracked files in the bash prompt.
  SunOS grep does not understand -C<n> nor -e
  Fix export_marks() error handling.
  git repack: keep commits hidden by a graft
  Add a test showing that 'git repack' throws away grafted-away parents
  git branch: clean up detached branch handling
  git branch: avoid unnecessary object lookups
  git branch: fix performance problem
  git svn: fix shallow clone when upstream revision is too new
  do_one_ref(): null_sha1 check is not about broken ref
  configure.ac: properly unset NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO when sha1 func is missing
  janitor: useless checks before free
  ...
This commit is contained in:
Junio C Hamano 2010-01-30 16:03:10 -08:00
parent b9b727ddb3 b319ef70a9
commit 00d3278c85
1466 changed files with 223727 additions and 53083 deletions
Show stats Download patch file Download diff file Expand all files Collapse all files

2
.gitattributes vendored Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
* whitespace=!indent,trail,space
*.[ch] whitespace=indent,trail,space

39
.gitignore vendored
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@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
GIT-BUILD-OPTIONS
GIT-CFLAGS
GIT-GUI-VARS
GIT-VERSION-FILE
@ -7,15 +8,15 @@ git-add--interactive
git-am
git-annotate
git-apply
git-applymbox
git-applypatch
git-archimport
git-archive
git-bisect
git-bisect--helper
git-blame
git-branch
git-bundle
git-cat-file
git-check-attr
git-check-ref-format
git-checkout
git-checkout-index
@ -26,7 +27,6 @@ git-clone
git-commit
git-commit-tree
git-config
git-convert-objects
git-count-objects
git-cvsexportcommit
git-cvsimport
@ -36,12 +36,15 @@ git-diff
git-diff-files
git-diff-index
git-diff-tree
git-difftool
git-difftool--helper
git-describe
git-fast-export
git-fast-import
git-fetch
git-fetch--tool
git-fetch-pack
git-findtags
git-filter-branch
git-fmt-merge-msg
git-for-each-ref
git-format-patch
@ -51,6 +54,7 @@ git-gc
git-get-tar-commit-id
git-grep
git-hash-object
git-help
git-http-fetch
git-http-push
git-imap-send
@ -58,7 +62,6 @@ git-index-pack
git-init
git-init-db
git-instaweb
git-local-fetch
git-log
git-lost-found
git-ls-files
@ -76,9 +79,9 @@ git-merge-one-file
git-merge-ours
git-merge-recursive
git-merge-resolve
git-merge-stupid
git-merge-subtree
git-mergetool
git-mergetool--lib
git-mktag
git-mktree
git-name-rev
@ -96,6 +99,7 @@ git-push
git-quiltimport
git-read-tree
git-rebase
git-rebase--interactive
git-receive-pack
git-reflog
git-relink
@ -109,7 +113,6 @@ git-rev-list
git-rev-parse
git-revert
git-rm
git-runstatus
git-send-email
git-send-pack
git-sh-setup
@ -119,14 +122,12 @@ git-show
git-show-branch
git-show-index
git-show-ref
git-ssh-fetch
git-ssh-pull
git-ssh-push
git-ssh-upload
git-stage
git-stash
git-status
git-stripspace
git-submodule
git-svn
git-svnimport
git-symbolic-ref
git-tag
git-tar-tree
@ -140,23 +141,30 @@ git-upload-pack
git-var
git-verify-pack
git-verify-tag
git-web--browse
git-whatchanged
git-write-tree
git-core-*/?*
gitk-wish
gitweb/gitweb.cgi
test-chmtime
test-ctype
test-date
test-delta
test-dump-cache-tree
test-genrandom
test-match-trees
test-parse-options
test-path-utils
test-sha1
test-sigchain
common-cmds.h
*.tar.gz
*.dsc
*.deb
git-core.spec
git.spec
*.exe
*.[ao]
*.[aos]
*.py[co]
config.mak
autom4te.cache
@ -166,3 +174,6 @@ config.status
config.mak.autogen
config.mak.append
configure
tags
TAGS
cscope*

26
.mailmap
View file

@ -5,25 +5,43 @@
# same person appearing not to be so.
#
Alexander Gavrilov <angavrilov@gmail.com>
Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@gmail.com>
Brian M. Carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.ath.cx>
Chris Shoemaker <c.shoemaker@cox.net>
Dana L. How <danahow@gmail.com>
Dana L. How <how@deathvalley.cswitch.com>
Daniel Barkalow <barkalow@iabervon.org>
David D. Kilzer <ddkilzer@kilzer.net>
David Kågedal <davidk@lysator.liu.se>
David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Dirk Süsserott <newsletter@dirk.my1.cc>
Fredrik Kuivinen <freku045@student.liu.se>
H. Peter Anvin <hpa@bonde.sc.orionmulti.com>
H. Peter Anvin <hpa@tazenda.sc.orionmulti.com>
H. Peter Anvin <hpa@trantor.hos.anvin.org>
Horst H. von Brand <vonbrand@inf.utfsm.cl>
İsmail Dönmez <ismail@pardus.org.tr>
Jay Soffian <jaysoffian+git@gmail.com>
Joachim Berdal Haga <cjhaga@fys.uio.no>
Jon Loeliger <jdl@freescale.com>
Jon Seymour <jon@blackcubes.dyndns.org>
Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@uchicago.edu>
Junio C Hamano <junio@twinsun.com>
Karl Hasselström <kha@treskal.com>
Kent Engstrom <kent@lysator.liu.se>
Lars Doelle <lars.doelle@on-line.de>
Lars Doelle <lars.doelle@on-line ! de>
Lars Doelle <lars.doelle@on-line.de>
Li Hong <leehong@pku.edu.cn>
Lukas Sandström <lukass@etek.chalmers.se>
Martin Langhoff <martin@catalyst.net.nz>
Michael Coleman <tutufan@gmail.com>
Michael W. Olson <mwolson@gnu.org>
Michele Ballabio <barra_cuda@katamail.com>
Nanako Shiraishi <nanako3@bluebottle.com>
Nanako Shiraishi <nanako3@lavabit.com>
Nguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy <pclouds@gmail.com>
Philippe Bruhat <book@cpan.org>
Ramsay Allan Jones <ramsay@ramsay1.demon.co.uk>
René Scharfe <rene.scharfe@lsrfire.ath.cx>
Robert Fitzsimons <robfitz@273k.net>
@ -31,10 +49,16 @@ Sam Vilain <sam@vilain.net>
Santi Béjar <sbejar@gmail.com>
Sean Estabrooks <seanlkml@sympatico.ca>
Shawn O. Pearce <spearce@spearce.org>
Steven Grimm <koreth@midwinter.com>
Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Uwe Kleine-König <Uwe_Zeisberger@digi.com>
Uwe Kleine-König <Uwe.Kleine-Koenig@digi.com>
Uwe Kleine-König <ukleinek@informatik.uni-freiburg.de>
Uwe Kleine-König <uzeisberger@io.fsforth.de>
Uwe Kleine-König <zeisberg@informatik.uni-freiburg.de>
Ville Skyttä <scop@xemacs.org>
William Pursell <bill.pursell@gmail.com>
YOSHIFUJI Hideaki <yoshfuji@linux-ipv6.org>
anonymous <linux@horizon.com>
anonymous <linux@horizon.net>

1
Documentation/.gitattributes vendored Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1 @@
*.txt whitespace

6
Documentation/.gitignore vendored
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@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
*.xml
*.html
*.1
*.7
*.[1-8]
*.made
*.texi
git.info
gitman.info
howto-index.txt
doc.dep
cmds-*.txt

134
Documentation/CodingGuidelines Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
Like other projects, we also have some guidelines to keep to the
code. For git in general, three rough rules are:
- Most importantly, we never say "It's in POSIX; we'll happily
ignore your needs should your system not conform to it."
We live in the real world.
- However, we often say "Let's stay away from that construct,
it's not even in POSIX".
- In spite of the above two rules, we sometimes say "Although
this is not in POSIX, it (is so convenient | makes the code
much more readable | has other good characteristics) and
practically all the platforms we care about support it, so
let's use it".
Again, we live in the real world, and it is sometimes a
judgement call, the decision based more on real world
constraints people face than what the paper standard says.
As for more concrete guidelines, just imitate the existing code
(this is a good guideline, no matter which project you are
contributing to). It is always preferable to match the _local_
convention. New code added to git suite is expected to match
the overall style of existing code. Modifications to existing
code is expected to match the style the surrounding code already
uses (even if it doesn't match the overall style of existing code).
But if you must have a list of rules, here they are.
For shell scripts specifically (not exhaustive):
- We prefer $( ... ) for command substitution; unlike ``, it
properly nests. It should have been the way Bourne spelled
it from day one, but unfortunately isn't.
- We use ${parameter-word} and its [-=?+] siblings, and their
colon'ed "unset or null" form.
- We use ${parameter#word} and its [#%] siblings, and their
doubled "longest matching" form.
- We use Arithmetic Expansion $(( ... )).
- No "Substring Expansion" ${parameter:offset:length}.
- No shell arrays.
- No strlen ${#parameter}.
- No regexp ${parameter/pattern/string}.
- We do not use Process Substitution <(list) or >(list).
- We prefer "test" over "[ ... ]".
- We do not write the noiseword "function" in front of shell
functions.
- As to use of grep, stick to a subset of BRE (namely, no \{m,n\},
[::], [==], nor [..]) for portability.
- We do not use \{m,n\};
- We do not use -E;
- We do not use ? nor + (which are \{0,1\} and \{1,\}
respectively in BRE) but that goes without saying as these
are ERE elements not BRE (note that \? and \+ are not even part
of BRE -- making them accessible from BRE is a GNU extension).
For C programs:
- We use tabs to indent, and interpret tabs as taking up to
8 spaces.
- We try to keep to at most 80 characters per line.
- When declaring pointers, the star sides with the variable
name, i.e. "char *string", not "char* string" or
"char * string". This makes it easier to understand code
like "char *string, c;".
- We avoid using braces unnecessarily. I.e.
if (bla) {
x = 1;
}
is frowned upon. A gray area is when the statement extends
over a few lines, and/or you have a lengthy comment atop of
it. Also, like in the Linux kernel, if there is a long list
of "else if" statements, it can make sense to add braces to
single line blocks.
- We try to avoid assignments inside if().
- Try to make your code understandable. You may put comments
in, but comments invariably tend to stale out when the code
they were describing changes. Often splitting a function
into two makes the intention of the code much clearer.
- Double negation is often harder to understand than no negation
at all.
- Some clever tricks, like using the !! operator with arithmetic
constructs, can be extremely confusing to others. Avoid them,
unless there is a compelling reason to use them.
- Use the API. No, really. We have a strbuf (variable length
string), several arrays with the ALLOC_GROW() macro, a
string_list for sorted string lists, a hash map (mapping struct
objects) named "struct decorate", amongst other things.
- When you come up with an API, document it.
- The first #include in C files, except in platform specific
compat/ implementations, should be git-compat-util.h or another
header file that includes it, such as cache.h or builtin.h.
- If you are planning a new command, consider writing it in shell
or perl first, so that changes in semantics can be easily
changed and discussed. Many git commands started out like
that, and a few are still scripts.
- Avoid introducing a new dependency into git. This means you
usually should stay away from scripting languages not already
used in the git core command set (unless your command is clearly
separate from it, such as an importer to convert random-scm-X
repositories to git).
- When we pass <string, length> pair to functions, we should try to
pass them in that order.

262
Documentation/Makefile
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@ -1,45 +1,112 @@
MAN1_TXT= \
$(filter-out $(addsuffix .txt, $(ARTICLES) $(SP_ARTICLES)), \
$(wildcard git-*.txt)) \
gitk.txt
MAN7_TXT=git.txt
gitk.txt git.txt
MAN5_TXT=gitattributes.txt gitignore.txt gitmodules.txt githooks.txt \
gitrepository-layout.txt
MAN7_TXT=gitcli.txt gittutorial.txt gittutorial-2.txt \
gitcvs-migration.txt gitcore-tutorial.txt gitglossary.txt \
gitdiffcore.txt gitworkflows.txt
DOC_HTML=$(patsubst %.txt,%.html,$(MAN1_TXT) $(MAN7_TXT))
MAN_TXT = $(MAN1_TXT) $(MAN5_TXT) $(MAN7_TXT)
MAN_XML=$(patsubst %.txt,%.xml,$(MAN_TXT))
MAN_HTML=$(patsubst %.txt,%.html,$(MAN_TXT))
ARTICLES = tutorial
ARTICLES += tutorial-2
ARTICLES += core-tutorial
ARTICLES += cvs-migration
ARTICLES += diffcore
ARTICLES += howto-index
ARTICLES += repository-layout
ARTICLES += hooks
DOC_HTML=$(MAN_HTML)
ARTICLES = howto-index
ARTICLES += everyday
ARTICLES += git-tools
ARTICLES += glossary
# with their own formatting rules.
SP_ARTICLES = howto/revert-branch-rebase user-manual
SP_ARTICLES = howto/revert-branch-rebase howto/using-merge-subtree user-manual
API_DOCS = $(patsubst %.txt,%,$(filter-out technical/api-index-skel.txt technical/api-index.txt, $(wildcard technical/api-*.txt)))
SP_ARTICLES += $(API_DOCS)
SP_ARTICLES += technical/api-index
DOC_HTML += $(patsubst %,%.html,$(ARTICLES) $(SP_ARTICLES))
DOC_MAN1=$(patsubst %.txt,%.1,$(MAN1_TXT))
DOC_MAN5=$(patsubst %.txt,%.5,$(MAN5_TXT))
DOC_MAN7=$(patsubst %.txt,%.7,$(MAN7_TXT))
prefix?=$(HOME)
bindir?=$(prefix)/bin
mandir?=$(prefix)/man
htmldir?=$(prefix)/share/doc/git-doc
pdfdir?=$(prefix)/share/doc/git-doc
mandir?=$(prefix)/share/man
man1dir=$(mandir)/man1
man5dir=$(mandir)/man5
man7dir=$(mandir)/man7
# DESTDIR=
ASCIIDOC=asciidoc
ASCIIDOC_EXTRA =
MANPAGE_XSL = manpage-normal.xsl
XMLTO_EXTRA =
INSTALL?=install
RM ?= rm -f
DOC_REF = origin/man
HTML_REF = origin/html
infodir?=$(prefix)/share/info
MAKEINFO=makeinfo
INSTALL_INFO=install-info
DOCBOOK2X_TEXI=docbook2x-texi
DBLATEX=dblatex
ifndef PERL_PATH
PERL_PATH = /usr/bin/perl
endif
-include ../config.mak.autogen
-include ../config.mak
#
# For asciidoc ...
# -7.1.2, no extra settings are needed.
# 8.0-, set ASCIIDOC8.
#
#
# For docbook-xsl ...
# -1.68.1, set ASCIIDOC_NO_ROFF? (based on changelog from 1.73.0)
# 1.69.0, no extra settings are needed?
# 1.69.1-1.71.0, set DOCBOOK_SUPPRESS_SP?
# 1.71.1, no extra settings are needed?
# 1.72.0, set DOCBOOK_XSL_172.
# 1.73.0-, set ASCIIDOC_NO_ROFF
#
#
# If you had been using DOCBOOK_XSL_172 in an attempt to get rid
# of 'the ".ft C" problem' in your generated manpages, and you
# instead ended up with weird characters around callouts, try
# using ASCIIDOC_NO_ROFF instead (it works fine with ASCIIDOC8).
#
ifdef ASCIIDOC8
ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -a asciidoc7compatible
endif
ifdef DOCBOOK_XSL_172
ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -a git-asciidoc-no-roff
MANPAGE_XSL = manpage-1.72.xsl
else
ifdef ASCIIDOC_NO_ROFF
# docbook-xsl after 1.72 needs the regular XSL, but will not
# pass-thru raw roff codes from asciidoc.conf, so turn them off.
ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -a git-asciidoc-no-roff
endif
endif
ifdef MAN_BOLD_LITERAL
XMLTO_EXTRA += -m manpage-bold-literal.xsl
endif
ifdef DOCBOOK_SUPPRESS_SP
XMLTO_EXTRA += -m manpage-suppress-sp.xsl
endif
SHELL_PATH ?= $(SHELL)
# Shell quote;
SHELL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(SHELL_PATH))
#
# Please note that there is a minor bug in asciidoc.
# The version after 6.0.3 _will_ include the patch found here:
@ -49,24 +116,76 @@ DOC_REF = origin/man
# yourself - yes, all 6 characters of it!
#
QUIET_SUBDIR0 = +$(MAKE) -C # space to separate -C and subdir
QUIET_SUBDIR1 =
ifneq ($(findstring $(MAKEFLAGS),w),w)
PRINT_DIR = --no-print-directory
else # "make -w"
NO_SUBDIR = :
endif
ifneq ($(findstring $(MAKEFLAGS),s),s)
ifndef V
QUIET_ASCIIDOC = @echo ' ' ASCIIDOC $@;
QUIET_XMLTO = @echo ' ' XMLTO $@;
QUIET_DB2TEXI = @echo ' ' DB2TEXI $@;
QUIET_MAKEINFO = @echo ' ' MAKEINFO $@;
QUIET_DBLATEX = @echo ' ' DBLATEX $@;
QUIET_XSLTPROC = @echo ' ' XSLTPROC $@;
QUIET_GEN = @echo ' ' GEN $@;
QUIET_STDERR = 2> /dev/null
QUIET_SUBDIR0 = +@subdir=
QUIET_SUBDIR1 = ;$(NO_SUBDIR) echo ' ' SUBDIR $$subdir; \
$(MAKE) $(PRINT_DIR) -C $$subdir
export V
endif
endif
all: html man
html: $(DOC_HTML)
$(DOC_HTML) $(DOC_MAN1) $(DOC_MAN7): asciidoc.conf
$(DOC_HTML) $(DOC_MAN1) $(DOC_MAN5) $(DOC_MAN7): asciidoc.conf
man: man1 man7
man: man1 man5 man7
man1: $(DOC_MAN1)
man5: $(DOC_MAN5)
man7: $(DOC_MAN7)
install: man
$(INSTALL) -d -m755 $(DESTDIR)$(man1dir) $(DESTDIR)$(man7dir)
$(INSTALL) -m644 $(DOC_MAN1) $(DESTDIR)$(man1dir)
$(INSTALL) -m644 $(DOC_MAN7) $(DESTDIR)$(man7dir)
info: git.info gitman.info
pdf: user-manual.pdf
install: install-man
install-man: man
$(INSTALL) -d -m 755 $(DESTDIR)$(man1dir)
$(INSTALL) -d -m 755 $(DESTDIR)$(man5dir)
$(INSTALL) -d -m 755 $(DESTDIR)$(man7dir)
$(INSTALL) -m 644 $(DOC_MAN1) $(DESTDIR)$(man1dir)
$(INSTALL) -m 644 $(DOC_MAN5) $(DESTDIR)$(man5dir)
$(INSTALL) -m 644 $(DOC_MAN7) $(DESTDIR)$(man7dir)
install-info: info
$(INSTALL) -d -m 755 $(DESTDIR)$(infodir)
$(INSTALL) -m 644 git.info gitman.info $(DESTDIR)$(infodir)
if test -r $(DESTDIR)$(infodir)/dir; then \
$(INSTALL_INFO) --info-dir=$(DESTDIR)$(infodir) git.info ;\
$(INSTALL_INFO) --info-dir=$(DESTDIR)$(infodir) gitman.info ;\
else \
echo "No directory found in $(DESTDIR)$(infodir)" >&2 ; \
fi
install-pdf: pdf
$(INSTALL) -d -m 755 $(DESTDIR)$(pdfdir)
$(INSTALL) -m 644 user-manual.pdf $(DESTDIR)$(pdfdir)
install-html: html
'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./install-webdoc.sh $(DESTDIR)$(htmldir)
../GIT-VERSION-FILE: .FORCE-GIT-VERSION-FILE
$(MAKE) -C ../ GIT-VERSION-FILE
$(QUIET_SUBDIR0)../ $(QUIET_SUBDIR1) GIT-VERSION-FILE
-include ../GIT-VERSION-FILE
@ -74,8 +193,8 @@ install: man
# Determine "include::" file references in asciidoc files.
#
doc.dep : $(wildcard *.txt) build-docdep.perl
rm -f $@+ $@
perl ./build-docdep.perl >$@+
$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
$(PERL_PATH) ./build-docdep.perl >$@+ $(QUIET_STDERR) && \
mv $@+ $@
-include doc.dep
@ -92,61 +211,106 @@ cmds_txt = cmds-ancillaryinterrogators.txt \
$(cmds_txt): cmd-list.made
cmd-list.made: cmd-list.perl $(MAN1_TXT)
perl ./cmd-list.perl
cmd-list.made: cmd-list.perl ../command-list.txt $(MAN1_TXT)
$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@ && \
$(PERL_PATH) ./cmd-list.perl ../command-list.txt $(QUIET_STDERR) && \
date >$@
git.7 git.html: git.txt core-intro.txt
clean:
rm -f *.xml *.xml+ *.html *.html+ *.1 *.7 howto-index.txt howto/*.html doc.dep
rm -f $(cmds_txt) *.made
$(RM) *.xml *.xml+ *.html *.html+ *.1 *.5 *.7
$(RM) *.texi *.texi+ *.texi++ git.info gitman.info
$(RM) howto-index.txt howto/*.html doc.dep
$(RM) technical/api-*.html technical/api-index.txt
$(RM) $(cmds_txt) *.made
%.html : %.txt
rm -f $@+ $@
$(MAN_HTML): %.html : %.txt
$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
$(ASCIIDOC) -b xhtml11 -d manpage -f asciidoc.conf \
$(ASCIIDOC_EXTRA) -o - $< | \
sed -e 's/@@GIT_VERSION@@/$(GIT_VERSION)/g' >$@+
$(ASCIIDOC_EXTRA) -agit_version=$(GIT_VERSION) -o $@+ $< && \
mv $@+ $@
%.1 %.7 : %.xml
xmlto -m callouts.xsl man $<
%.1 %.5 %.7 : %.xml
$(QUIET_XMLTO)$(RM) $@ && \
xmlto -m $(MANPAGE_XSL) $(XMLTO_EXTRA) man $<
%.xml : %.txt
rm -f $@+ $@
$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
$(ASCIIDOC) -b docbook -d manpage -f asciidoc.conf \
$(ASCIIDOC_EXTRA) -o - $< | \
sed -e 's/@@GIT_VERSION@@/$(GIT_VERSION)/g' >$@+
$(ASCIIDOC_EXTRA) -agit_version=$(GIT_VERSION) -o $@+ $< && \
mv $@+ $@
user-manual.xml: user-manual.txt user-manual.conf
$(ASCIIDOC) -b docbook -d book $<
$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(ASCIIDOC) $(ASCIIDOC_EXTRA) -b docbook -d book $<
XSLT = http://docbook.sourceforge.net/release/xsl/current/html/docbook.xsl
technical/api-index.txt: technical/api-index-skel.txt \
technical/api-index.sh $(patsubst %,%.txt,$(API_DOCS))
$(QUIET_GEN)cd technical && '$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./api-index.sh
$(patsubst %,%.html,$(API_DOCS) technical/api-index): %.html : %.txt
$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(ASCIIDOC) -b xhtml11 -f asciidoc.conf \
$(ASCIIDOC_EXTRA) -agit_version=$(GIT_VERSION) $*.txt
XSLT = docbook.xsl
XSLTOPTS = --xinclude --stringparam html.stylesheet docbook-xsl.css
user-manual.html: user-manual.xml
xsltproc $(XSLTOPTS) -o $@ $(XSLT) $<
$(QUIET_XSLTPROC)xsltproc $(XSLTOPTS) -o $@ $(XSLT) $<
git.info: user-manual.texi
$(QUIET_MAKEINFO)$(MAKEINFO) --no-split -o $@ user-manual.texi
user-manual.texi: user-manual.xml
$(QUIET_DB2TEXI)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
$(DOCBOOK2X_TEXI) user-manual.xml --encoding=UTF-8 --to-stdout >$@++ && \
$(PERL_PATH) fix-texi.perl <$@++ >$@+ && \
rm $@++ && \
mv $@+ $@
user-manual.pdf: user-manual.xml
$(QUIET_DBLATEX)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
$(DBLATEX) -o $@+ -p /etc/asciidoc/dblatex/asciidoc-dblatex.xsl -s /etc/asciidoc/dblatex/asciidoc-dblatex.sty $< && \
mv $@+ $@
gitman.texi: $(MAN_XML) cat-texi.perl
$(QUIET_DB2TEXI)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
($(foreach xml,$(MAN_XML),$(DOCBOOK2X_TEXI) --encoding=UTF-8 \
--to-stdout $(xml) &&) true) > $@++ && \
$(PERL_PATH) cat-texi.perl $@ <$@++ >$@+ && \
rm $@++ && \
mv $@+ $@
gitman.info: gitman.texi
$(QUIET_MAKEINFO)$(MAKEINFO) --no-split --no-validate $*.texi
$(patsubst %.txt,%.texi,$(MAN_TXT)): %.texi : %.xml
$(QUIET_DB2TEXI)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
$(DOCBOOK2X_TEXI) --to-stdout $*.xml >$@+ && \
mv $@+ $@
howto-index.txt: howto-index.sh $(wildcard howto/*.txt)
rm -f $@+ $@
sh ./howto-index.sh $(wildcard howto/*.txt) >$@+
$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./howto-index.sh $(wildcard howto/*.txt) >$@+ && \
mv $@+ $@
$(patsubst %,%.html,$(ARTICLES)) : %.html : %.txt
$(ASCIIDOC) -b xhtml11 $*.txt
$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(ASCIIDOC) $(ASCIIDOC_EXTRA) -b xhtml11 $*.txt
WEBDOC_DEST = /pub/software/scm/git/docs
$(patsubst %.txt,%.html,$(wildcard howto/*.txt)): %.html : %.txt
rm -f $@+ $@
sed -e '1,/^$$/d' $< | $(ASCIIDOC) -b xhtml11 - >$@+
$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
sed -e '1,/^$$/d' $< | $(ASCIIDOC) $(ASCIIDOC_EXTRA) -b xhtml11 - >$@+ && \
mv $@+ $@
install-webdoc : html
sh ./install-webdoc.sh $(WEBDOC_DEST)
'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./install-webdoc.sh $(WEBDOC_DEST)
quick-install:
sh ./install-doc-quick.sh $(DOC_REF) $(mandir)
quick-install: quick-install-man
quick-install-man:
'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./install-doc-quick.sh $(DOC_REF) $(DESTDIR)$(mandir)
quick-install-html:
'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./install-doc-quick.sh $(HTML_REF) $(DESTDIR)$(htmldir)
.PHONY: .FORCE-GIT-VERSION-FILE

2
Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.0.4.txt
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@ -20,5 +20,3 @@ Fixes since v1.5.0.3
* Documentation updates
* User manual updates

2
Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.0.5.txt
View file

@ -24,5 +24,3 @@ Fixes since v1.5.0.3
* Documentation updates
* User manual updates

1
Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.0.6.txt
View file

@ -19,4 +19,3 @@ Fixes since v1.5.0.5
- user-manual has better cross references.
- gitweb installation/deployment procedure is now documented.

33
Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.1.1.txt
View file

@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
GIT v1.5.1.1 Release Notes (draft)
GIT v1.5.1.1 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.5.1
@ -10,8 +10,23 @@ Fixes since v1.5.1
- The documentation for cvsimport has been majorly improved.
- "git-show-ref --exclude-existing" was documented.
* Bugfixes
- The implementation of -p option in "git cvsexportcommit" had
the meaning of -C (context reduction) option wrong, and
loosened the context requirements when it was told to be
strict.
- "git cvsserver" did not behave like the real cvsserver when
client side removed a file from the working tree without
doing anything else on the path. In such a case, it should
restore it from the checked out revision.
- "git fsck" issued an alarming error message on detached
HEAD. It is not an error since at least 1.5.0.
- "git send-email" produced of References header of unbounded length;
fixed this with line-folding.
@ -37,10 +52,14 @@ Fixes since v1.5.1
- gitweb did not show type-changing patch correctly in the
blobdiff view.
* Performance Tweaks
- git-svn did not error out with incorrect command line options.
--
exec >/var/tmp/1
O=v1.5.1-26-ge94a4f6
echo O=`git describe refs/heads/maint`
git shortlog --no-merges $O..refs/heads/maint
- git-svn fell into an infinite loop when insanely long commit
message was found.
- git-svn dcommit and rebase was confused by patches that were
merged from another branch that is managed by git-svn.
- git-svn used to get confused when globbing remote branch/tag
spec (e.g. "branches = proj/branches/*:refs/remotes/origin/*")
is used and there was a plain file that matched the glob.

50
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@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
GIT v1.5.1.2 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.5.1.1
--------------------
* Bugfixes
- "git clone" over http from a repository that has lost the
loose refs by running "git pack-refs" were broken (a code to
deal with this was added to "git fetch" in v1.5.0, but it
was missing from "git clone").
- "git diff a/ b/" incorrectly fell in "diff between two
filesystem objects" codepath, when the user most likely
wanted to limit the extent of output to two tracked
directories.
- git-quiltimport had the same bug as we fixed for
git-applymbox in v1.5.1.1 -- it gave an alarming "did not
have any patch" message (but did not actually fail and was
harmless).
- various git-svn fixes.
- Sample update hook incorrectly always refused requests to
delete branches through push.
- git-blame on a very long working tree path had buffer
overrun problem.
- git-apply did not like to be fed two patches in a row that created
and then modified the same file.
- git-svn was confused when a non-project was stored directly under
trunk/, branches/ and tags/.
- git-svn wants the Error.pm module that was at least as new
as what we ship as part of git; install ours in our private
installation location if the one on the system is older.
- An earlier update to command line integer parameter parser was
botched and made 'update-index --cacheinfo' completely useless.
* Documentation updates
- Various documentation updates from J. Bruce Fields, Frank
Lichtenheld, Alex Riesen and others. Andrew Ruder started a
war on undocumented options.

45
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@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
GIT v1.5.1.3 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.5.1.2
--------------------
* Bugfixes
- git-add tried to optimize by finding common leading
directories across its arguments but botched, causing very
confused behaviour.
- unofficial rpm.spec file shipped with git was letting
ETC_GITCONFIG set to /usr/etc/gitconfig. Tweak the official
Makefile to make it harder for distro people to make the
same mistake, by setting the variable to /etc/gitconfig if
prefix is set to /usr.
- git-svn inconsistently stripped away username from the URL
only when svnsync_props was in use.
- git-svn got confused when handling symlinks on Mac OS.
- git-send-email was not quoting recipient names that have
period '.' in them. Also it did not allow overriding
envelope sender, which made it impossible to send patches to
certain subscriber-only lists.
- built-in write_tree() routine had a sequence that renamed a
file that is still open, which some systems did not like.
- when memory is very tight, sliding mmap code to read
packfiles incorrectly closed the fd that was still being
used to read the pack.
- import-tars contributed front-end for fastimport was passing
wrong directory modes without checking.
- git-fastimport trusted its input too much and allowed to
create corrupt tree objects with entries without a name.
- git-fetch needlessly barfed when too long reflog action
description was given by the caller.
Also contains various documentation updates.

30
Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.1.4.txt Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
GIT v1.5.1.4 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.5.1.3
--------------------
* Bugfixes
- "git-http-fetch" did not work around a bug in libcurl
earlier than 7.16 (curl_multi_remove_handle() was broken).
- "git cvsserver" handles a file that was once removed and
then added again correctly.
- import-tars script (in contrib/) handles GNU tar archives
that contain pathnames longer than 100 bytes (long-link
extension) correctly.
- xdelta test program did not build correctly.
- gitweb sometimes tried incorrectly to apply function to
decode utf8 twice, resulting in corrupt output.
- "git blame -C" mishandled text at the end of a group of
lines.
- "git log/rev-list --boundary" did not produce output
correctly without --left-right option.
- Many documentation updates.

42
Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.1.5.txt Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
GIT v1.5.1.5 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.5.1.4
--------------------
* Bugfixes
- git-send-email did not understand aliases file for mutt, which
allows leading whitespaces.
- git-format-patch emitted Content-Type and Content-Transfer-Encoding
headers for non ASCII contents, but failed to add MIME-Version.
- git-name-rev had a buffer overrun with a deep history.
- contributed script import-tars did not get the directory in
tar archives interpreted correctly.
- git-svn was reported to segfault for many people on list and
#git; hopefully this has been fixed.
- "git-svn clone" does not try to minimize the URL
(i.e. connect to higher level hierarchy) by default, as this
can prevent clone to fail if only part of the repository
(e.g. 'trunk') is open to public.
- "git checkout branch^0" did not detach the head when you are
already on 'branch'; backported the fix from the 'master'.
- "git-config section.var" did not correctly work when
existing configuration file had both [section] and [section "name"]
next to each other.
- "git clone ../other-directory" was fooled if the current
directory $PWD points at is a symbolic link.
- (build) tree_entry_extract() function was both static inline
and extern, which caused trouble compiling with Forte12
compilers on Sun.
- Many many documentation fixes and updates.

45
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@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
GIT v1.5.1.6 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.5.1.4
--------------------
* Bugfixes
- git-send-email did not understand aliases file for mutt, which
allows leading whitespaces.
- git-format-patch emitted Content-Type and Content-Transfer-Encoding
headers for non ASCII contents, but failed to add MIME-Version.
- git-name-rev had a buffer overrun with a deep history.
- contributed script import-tars did not get the directory in
tar archives interpreted correctly.
- git-svn was reported to segfault for many people on list and
#git; hopefully this has been fixed.
- git-svn also had a bug to crash svnserve by sending a bad
sequence of requests.
- "git-svn clone" does not try to minimize the URL
(i.e. connect to higher level hierarchy) by default, as this
can prevent clone to fail if only part of the repository
(e.g. 'trunk') is open to public.
- "git checkout branch^0" did not detach the head when you are
already on 'branch'; backported the fix from the 'master'.
- "git-config section.var" did not correctly work when
existing configuration file had both [section] and [section "name"]
next to each other.
- "git clone ../other-directory" was fooled if the current
directory $PWD points at is a symbolic link.
- (build) tree_entry_extract() function was both static inline
and extern, which caused trouble compiling with Forte12
compilers on Sun.
- Many many documentation fixes and updates.

53
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View file

@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
GIT v1.5.2.1 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.5.2
------------------
* Bugfixes
- Temporary files that are used when invoking external diff
programs did not tolerate a long TMPDIR.
- git-daemon did not notice when it could not write into its
pid file.
- git-status did not honor core.excludesFile configuration like
git-add did.
- git-annotate did not work from a subdirectory while
git-blame did.
- git-cvsserver should have disabled access to a repository
with "gitcvs.pserver.enabled = false" set even when
"gitcvs.enabled = true" was set at the same time. It
didn't.
- git-cvsimport did not work correctly in a repository with
its branch heads were packed with pack-refs.
- ident unexpansion to squash "$Id: xxx $" that is in the
repository copy removed incorrect number of bytes.
- git-svn misbehaved when the subversion repository did not
provide MD5 checksums for files.
- git rebase (and git am) misbehaved on commits that have '\n'
(literally backslash and en, not a linefeed) in the title.
- code to decode base85 used in binary patches had one error
return codepath wrong.
- RFC2047 Q encoding output by git-format-patch used '_' for a
space, which is not understood by some programs. It uses =20
which is safer.
- git-fastimport --import-marks was broken; fixed.
- A lot of documentation updates, clarifications and fixes.
--
exec >/var/tmp/1
O=v1.5.2-65-g996e2d6
echo O=`git describe refs/heads/maint`
git shortlog --no-merges $O..refs/heads/maint

61
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View file

@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
GIT v1.5.2.2 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.5.2.1
--------------------
* Usability fix
- git-gui is shipped with its updated blame interface. It is
rumored that the older one was not just unusable but was
active health hazard, but this one is actually pretty.
Please see for yourself.
* Bugfixes
- "git checkout fubar" was utterly confused when there is a
branch fubar and a tag fubar at the same time. It correctly
checks out the branch fubar now.
- "git clone /path/foo" to clone a local /path/foo.git
repository left an incorrect configuration.
- "git send-email" correctly unquotes RFC 2047 quoted names in
the patch-email before using their values.
- We did not accept number of seconds since epoch older than
year 2000 as a valid timestamp. We now interpret positive
integers more than 8 digits as such, which allows us to
express timestamps more recent than March 1973.
- git-cvsimport did not work when you have GIT_DIR to point
your repository at a nonstandard location.
- Some systems (notably, Solaris) lack hstrerror() to make
h_errno human readable; prepare a replacement
implementation.
- .gitignore file listed git-core.spec but what we generate is
git.spec, and nobody noticed for a long time.
- "git-merge-recursive" does not try to run file level merge
on binary files.
- "git-branch --track" did not create tracking configuration
correctly when the branch name had slash in it.
- The email address of the user specified with user.email
configuration was overridden by EMAIL environment variable.
- The tree parser did not warn about tree entries with
nonsense file modes, and assumed they must be blobs.
- "git log -z" without any other request to generate diff still
invoked the diff machinery, wasting cycles.
* Documentation
- Many updates to fix stale or missing documentation.
- Although our documentation was primarily meant to be formatted
with AsciiDoc7, formatting with AsciiDoc8 is supported better.

27
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View file

@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
GIT v1.5.2.3 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.5.2.2
--------------------
* Bugfixes
- Version 2 pack index format was introduced in version 1.5.2
to support pack files that has offset that cannot be
represented in 32-bit. The runtime code to validate such
an index mishandled such an index for an empty pack.
- Commit walkers (most notably, fetch over http protocol)
tried to traverse commit objects contained in trees (aka
subproject); they shouldn't.
- A build option NO_R_TO_GCC_LINKER was not explained in Makefile
comment correctly.
* Documentation Fixes and Updates
- git-config --regexp was not documented properly.
- git-repack -a was not documented properly.
- git-remote -n was not documented properly.

28
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@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
GIT v1.5.2.4 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.5.2.3
--------------------
* Bugfixes
- "git-gui" bugfixes, including a handful fixes to run it
better on Cygwin/MSYS.
- "git checkout" failed to switch back and forth between
branches, one of which has "frotz -> xyzzy" symlink and
file "xyzzy/filfre", while the other one has a file
"frotz/filfre".
- "git prune" used to segfault upon seeing a commit that is
referred to by a tree object (aka "subproject").
- "git diff --name-status --no-index" mishandled an added file.
- "git apply --reverse --whitespace=warn" still complained
about whitespaces that a forward application would have
introduced.
* Documentation Fixes and Updates
- A handful documentation updates.

30
Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.2.5.txt Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
GIT v1.5.2.5 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.5.2.4
--------------------
* Bugfixes
- "git add -u" had a serious data corruption problem in one
special case (when the changes to a subdirectory's files
consist only deletion of files).
- "git add -u <path>" did not work from a subdirectory.
- "git apply" left an empty directory after all its files are
renamed away.
- "git $anycmd foo/bar", when there is a file 'foo' in the
working tree, complained that "git $anycmd foo/bar --" form
should be used to disambiguate between revs and files,
which was completely bogus.
- "git checkout-index" and other commands that checks out
files to the work tree tried unlink(2) on directories,
which is a sane thing to do on sane systems, but not on
Solaris when you are root.
* Documentation Fixes and Updates
- A handful documentation fixes.

147
Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.2.txt
View file

@ -1,16 +1,88 @@
GIT v1.5.2 Release Notes (draft)
GIT v1.5.2 Release Notes
========================
Updates since v1.5.1
--------------------
* Plumbing level superproject support.
You can include a subdirectory that has an independent git
repository in your index and tree objects of your project
("superproject"). This plumbing (i.e. "core") level
superproject support explicitly excludes recursive behaviour.
The "subproject" entries in the index and trees of a superproject
are incompatible with older versions of git. Experimenting with
the plumbing level support is encouraged, but be warned that
unless everybody in your project updates to this release or
later, using this feature would make your project
inaccessible by people with older versions of git.
* Plumbing level gitattributes support.
The gitattributes mechanism allows you to add 'attributes' to
paths in your project, and affect the way certain git
operations work. Currently you can influence if a path is
considered a binary or text (the former would be treated by
'git diff' not to produce textual output; the latter can go
through the line endings conversion process in repositories
with core.autocrlf set), expand and unexpand '$Id$' keyword
with blob object name, specify a custom 3-way merge driver,
and specify a custom diff driver. You can also apply
arbitrary filter to contents on check-in/check-out codepath
but this feature is an extremely sharp-edged razor and needs
to be handled with caution (do not use it unless you
understand the earlier mailing list discussion on keyword
expansion). These conversions apply when checking files in
or out, and exporting via git-archive.
* The packfile format now optionally supports 64-bit index.
This release supports the "version 2" format of the .idx
file. This is automatically enabled when a huge packfile
needs more than 32-bit to express offsets of objects in the
pack.
* Comes with an updated git-gui 0.7.1
* Updated gitweb:
- can show combined diff for merges;
- uses font size of user's preference, not hardcoded in pixels;
- can now 'grep';
* New commands and options.
- "git bisect start" can optionally take a single bad commit and
zero or more good commits on the command line.
- "git shortlog" can optionally be told to wrap its output.
- "subtree" merge strategy allows another project to be merged in as
your subdirectory.
- "git format-patch" learned a new --subject-prefix=<string>
option, to override the built-in "[PATCH]".
- "git add -u" is a quick way to do the first stage of "git
commit -a" (i.e. update the index to match the working
tree); it obviously does not make a commit.
- "git clean" honors a new configuration, "clean.requireforce". When
set to true, this makes "git clean" a no-op, preventing you
from losing files by typing "git clean" when you meant to
say "make clean". You can still say "git clean -f" to
override this.
- "git log" family of commands learned --date={local,relative,default}
option. --date=relative is synonym to the --relative-date.
--date=local gives the timestamp in local timezone.
* Updated behavior of existing commands.
- When $GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL or $GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL is not set
but $EMAIL is set, the latter is used as a substitute.
- "git diff --stat" shows size of preimage and postimage blobs
for binary contents. Earlier it only said "Bin".
@ -27,6 +99,35 @@ Updates since v1.5.1
the root commit). We used to refuse to operate without a
good and a bad commit.
- "git push", when pushing into more than one repository, does
not stop at the first error.
- "git archive" does not insist you to give --format parameter
anymore; it defaults to "tar".
- "git cvsserver" can use backends other than sqlite.
- "gitview" (in contrib/ section) learned to better support
"git-annotate".
- "git diff $commit1:$path2 $commit2:$path2" can now report
mode changes between the two blobs.
- Local "git fetch" from a repository whose object store is
one of the alternates (e.g. fetching from the origin in a
repository created with "git clone -l -s") avoids
downloading objects unnecessarily.
- "git blame" uses .mailmap to canonicalize the author name
just like "git shortlog" does.
- "git pack-objects" pays attention to pack.depth
configuration variable.
- "git cherry-pick" and "git revert" does not use .msg file in
the working tree to prepare commit message; instead it uses
$GIT_DIR/MERGE_MSG as other commands do.
* Builds
- git-p4import has never been installed; now there is an
@ -35,25 +136,37 @@ Updates since v1.5.1
- gitk and git-gui can be configured out.
- Generated documentation pages automatically get version
information from GIT_VERSION
information from GIT_VERSION.
- Parallel build with "make -j" descending into subdirectory
was fixed.
* Performance Tweaks
- optimized "git-rev-list --bisect" (hence "git-bisect").
- Optimized "git-rev-list --bisect" (hence "git-bisect").
- optimized "git-add $path" in a large directory, most of
- Optimized "git-add $path" in a large directory, most of
whose contents are ignored.
- Optimized "git-diff-tree" for reduced memory footprint.
- The recursive merge strategy updated a worktree file that
was changed identically in two branches, when one of them
renamed it. We do not do that when there is no rename, so
match that behaviour. This avoids excessive rebuilds.
- The default pack depth has been increased to 50, as the
recent addition of delta_base_cache makes deeper delta chains
much less expensive to access. Depending on the project, it was
reported that this reduces the resulting pack file by 10%
or so.
Fixes since v1.5.1
------------------
The following are all in v1.5.1.x series, unless otherwise noted.
* Documentation updates
All of the fixes in v1.5.1 maintenance series are included in
this release, unless otherwise noted.
* Bugfixes
@ -67,10 +180,18 @@ The following are all in v1.5.1.x series, unless otherwise noted.
been backported to 1.5.1.x series, as it is rather an
intrusive change.
* Performance Tweaks
- Merging branches that have a file in one and a directory in
another at the same path used to get quite confused. We
handle such a case a bit more carefully, even though that is
still left as a conflict for the user to sort out. This
will not be backported to 1.5.1.x series, as it is rather an
intrusive change.
--
exec >/var/tmp/1
O=v1.5.1-91-g640ee0d
echo O=`git describe refs/heads/master`
git shortlog --no-merges $O..refs/heads/master ^refs/heads/maint
- git-fetch had trouble with a remote with insanely large number
of refs.
- "git clean -d -X" now does not remove non-excluded directories.
- rebasing (without -m) a series that changes a symlink to a directory
in the middle of a path confused git-apply greatly and refused to
operate.

10
Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.3.1.txt Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
GIT v1.5.3.1 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.5.3
------------------
This is solely to fix the generated RPM's dependencies. We used
to have git-p4 package but we do not anymore. As suggested on
the mailing list, this release makes git-core "Obsolete" git-p4,
so that yum update would not complain.

58
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@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
GIT v1.5.3.2 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.5.3.1
--------------------
* git-push sent thin packs by default, which was not good for
the public distribution server (no point in saving transfer
while pushing; no point in making the resulting pack less
optimum).
* git-svn sometimes terminated with "Malformed network data" when
talking over svn:// protocol.
* git-send-email re-issued the same message-id about 10% of the
time if you fired off 30 messages within a single second.
* git-stash was not terminating the log message of commits it
internally creates with LF.
* git-apply failed to check the size of the patch hunk when its
beginning part matched the remainder of the preimage exactly,
even though the preimage recorded in the hunk was much larger
(therefore the patch should not have applied), leading to a
segfault.
* "git rm foo && git commit foo" complained that 'foo' needs to
be added first, instead of committing the removal, which was a
nonsense.
* git grep -c said "/dev/null: 0".
* git-add -u failed to recognize a blob whose type changed
between the index and the work tree.
* The limit to rename detection has been tightened a lot to
reduce performance problems with a huge change.
* cvsimport and svnimport barfed when the input tried to move
a tag.
* "git apply -pN" did not chop the right number of directories.
* "git svnimport" did not like SVN tags with funny characters in them.
* git-gui 0.8.3, with assorted fixes, including:
- font-chooser on X11 was unusable with large number of fonts;
- a diff that contained a deleted symlink made it barf;
- an untracked symbolic link to a directory made it fart;
- a file with % in its name made it vomit;
Documentation updates
---------------------
User manual has been somewhat restructured. I think the new
organization is much easier to read.

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GIT v1.5.3.3 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.5.3.2
--------------------
* git-quiltimport did not like it when a patch described in the
series file does not exist.
* p4 importer missed executable bit in some cases.
* The default shell on some FreeBSD did not execute the
argument parsing code correctly and made git unusable.
* git-svn incorrectly spawned pager even when the user
explicitly asked not to.
* sample post-receive hook overquoted the envelope sender
value.
* git-am got confused when the patch contained a change that is
only about type and not contents.
* git-mergetool did not show our and their version of the
conflicted file when started from a subdirectory of the
project.
* git-mergetool did not pass correct options when invoking diff3.
* git-log sometimes invoked underlying "diff" machinery
unnecessarily.

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GIT v1.5.3.4 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.5.3.3
--------------------
* Change to "git-ls-files" in v1.5.3.3 that was introduced to support
partial commit of removal better had a segfaulting bug, which was
diagnosed and fixed by Keith and Carl.
* Performance improvements for rename detection has been backported
from the 'master' branch.
* "git-for-each-ref --format='%(numparent)'" was not working
correctly at all, and --format='%(parent)' was not working for
merge commits.
* Sample "post-receive-hook" incorrectly sent out push
notification e-mails marked as "From: " the committer of the
commit that happened to be at the tip of the branch that was
pushed, not from the person who pushed.
* "git-remote" did not exit non-zero status upon error.
* "git-add -i" did not respond very well to EOF from tty nor
bogus input.
* "git-rebase -i" squash subcommand incorrectly made the
author of later commit the author of resulting commit,
instead of taking from the first one in the squashed series.
* "git-stash apply --index" was not documented.
* autoconfiguration learned that "ar" command is found as "gas" on
some systems.

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GIT v1.5.3.5 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.5.3.4
--------------------
* Comes with git-gui 0.8.4.
* "git-config" silently ignored options after --list; now it will
error out with a usage message.
* "git-config --file" failed if the argument used a relative path
as it changed directories before opening the file.
* "git-config --file" now displays a proper error message if it
cannot read the file specified on the command line.
* "git-config", "git-diff", "git-apply" failed if run from a
subdirectory with relative GIT_DIR and GIT_WORK_TREE set.
* "git-blame" crashed if run during a merge conflict.
* "git-add -i" did not handle single line hunks correctly.
* "git-rebase -i" and "git-stash apply" failed if external diff
drivers were used for one or more files in a commit. They now
avoid calling the external diff drivers.
* "git-log --follow" did not work unless diff generation (e.g. -p)
was also requested.
* "git-log --follow -B" did not work at all. Fixed.
* "git-log -M -B" did not correctly handle cases of very large files
being renamed and replaced by very small files in the same commit.
* "git-log" printed extra newlines between commits when a diff
was generated internally (e.g. -S or --follow) but not displayed.
* "git-push" error message is more helpful when pushing to a
repository with no matching refs and none specified.
* "git-push" now respects + (force push) on wildcard refspecs,
matching the behavior of git-fetch.
* "git-filter-branch" now updates the working directory when it
has finished filtering the current branch.
* "git-instaweb" no longer fails on Mac OS X.
* "git-cvsexportcommit" didn't always create new parent directories
before trying to create new child directories. Fixed.
* "git-fetch" printed a scary (but bogus) error message while
fetching a tag that pointed to a tree or blob. The error did
not impact correctness, only user perception. The bogus error
is no longer printed.
* "git-ls-files --ignored" did not properly descend into non-ignored
directories that themselves contained ignored files if d_type
was not supported by the filesystem. This bug impacted systems
such as AFS. Fixed.
* Git segfaulted when reading an invalid .gitattributes file. Fixed.
* post-receive-email example hook was fixed for non-fast-forward
updates.
* Documentation updates for supported (but previously undocumented)
options of "git-archive" and "git-reflog".
* "make clean" no longer deletes the configure script that ships
with the git tarball, making multiple architecture builds easier.
* "git-remote show origin" spewed a warning message from Perl
when no remote is defined for the current branch via
branch.<name>.remote configuration settings.
* Building with NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER excessively rebuilt contents
of perl/ subdirectory by rewriting perl.mak.
* http.sslVerify configuration settings were not used in scripted
Porcelains.
* "git-add" leaked a bit of memory while scanning for files to add.
* A few workarounds to squelch false warnings from recent gcc have
been added.
* "git-send-pack $remote frotz" segfaulted when there is nothing
named 'frotz' on the local end.
* "git-rebase --interactive" did not handle its "--strategy" option
properly.

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GIT v1.5.3.6 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.5.3.5
--------------------
* git-cvsexportcommit handles root commits better.
* git-svn dcommit used to clobber when sending a series of
patches.
* git-svn dcommit failed after attempting to rebase when
started with a dirty index; now it stops upfront.
* git-grep sometimes refused to work when your index was
unmerged.
* "git-grep -A1 -B2" acted as if it was told to run "git -A1 -B21".
* git-hash-object did not honor configuration variables, such as
core.compression.
* git-index-pack choked on a huge pack on 32-bit machines, even when
large file offsets are supported.
* atom feeds from git-web said "10" for the month of November.
* a memory leak in commit walker was plugged.
* When git-send-email inserted the original author's From:
address in body, it did not mark the message with
Content-type: as needed.
* git-revert and git-cherry-pick incorrectly refused to start
when the work tree was dirty.
* git-clean did not honor core.excludesfile configuration.
* git-add mishandled ".gitignore" files when applying them to
subdirectories.
* While importing a too branchy history, git-fastimport did not
honor delta depth limit properly.
* Support for zlib implementations that lack ZLIB_VERNUM and definition
of deflateBound() has been added.
* Quite a lot of documentation clarifications.

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GIT v1.5.3.7 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.5.3.6
--------------------
* git-send-email added 8-bit contents to the payload without
marking it as 8-bit in a CTE header.
* "git-bundle create a.bndl HEAD" dereferenced the symref and
did not record the ref as 'HEAD'; this prevented a bundle
from being used as a normal source of git-clone.
* The code to reject nonsense command line of the form
"git-commit -a paths..." and "git-commit --interactive
paths..." were broken.
* Adding a signature that is not ASCII-only to an original
commit that is ASCII-only would make the result non-ASCII.
"git-format-patch -s" did not mark such a message correctly
with MIME encoding header.
* git-add sometimes did not mark the resulting index entry
stat-clean. This affected only cases when adding the
contents with the same length as the previously staged
contents, and the previous staging made the index entry
"racily clean".
* git-commit did not honor GIT_INDEX_FILE the user had in the
environment.
* When checking out a revision, git-checkout did not report where the
updated HEAD is if you happened to have a file called HEAD in the
work tree.
* "git-rev-list --objects" mishandled a tree that points at a
submodule.
* "git cvsimport" was not ready for packed refs that "git gc" can
produce and gave incorrect results.
* Many scripted Porcelains were confused when you happened to have a
file called "HEAD" in your work tree.
Also it contains updates to the user manual and documentation.

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GIT v1.5.3.8 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.5.3.7
--------------------
* Some documentation used "email.com" as an example domain.
* git-svn fix to handle funky branch and project names going over
http/https correctly.
* git-svn fix to tone down a needlessly alarming warning message.
* git-clone did not correctly report errors while fetching over http.
* git-send-email added redundant Message-Id: header to the outgoing
e-mail when the patch text already had one.
* a read-beyond-end-of-buffer bug in configuration file updater was fixed.
* git-grep used to show the same hit repeatedly for unmerged paths.
* After amending the patch title in "git-am -i", the command did not
report the patch it applied with the updated title.

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GIT v1.5.3 Release Notes
========================
Updates since v1.5.2
--------------------
* The commit walkers other than http are officially deprecated,
but still supported for now.
* The submodule support has Porcelain layer.
Note that the current submodule support is minimal and this is
deliberately so. A design decision we made is that operations
at the supermodule level do not recurse into submodules by
default. The expectation is that later we would add a
mechanism to tell git which submodules the user is interested
in, and this information might be used to determine the
recursive behaviour of certain commands (e.g. "git checkout"
and "git diff"), but currently we haven't agreed on what that
mechanism should look like. Therefore, if you use submodules,
you would probably need "git submodule update" on the
submodules you care about after running a "git checkout" at
the supermodule level.
* There are a handful pack-objects changes to help you cope better
with repositories with pathologically large blobs in them.
* For people who need to import from Perforce, a front-end for
fast-import is in contrib/fast-import/.
* Comes with git-gui 0.8.2.
* Comes with updated gitk.
* New commands and options.
- "git log --date=<format>" can use more formats: iso8601, rfc2822.
- The hunk header output from "git diff" family can be customized
with the attributes mechanism. See gitattributes(5) for details.
- "git stash" allows you to quickly save away your work in
progress and replay it later on an updated state.
- "git rebase" learned an "interactive" mode that let you
pick and reorder which commits to rebuild.
- "git fsck" can save its findings in $GIT_DIR/lost-found, without a
separate invocation of "git lost-found" command. The blobs stored by
lost-found are stored in plain format to allow you to grep in them.
- $GIT_WORK_TREE environment variable can be used together with
$GIT_DIR to work in a subdirectory of a working tree that is
not located at "$GIT_DIR/..".
- Giving "--file=<file>" option to "git config" is the same as
running the command with GIT_CONFIG=<file> environment.
- "git log" learned a new option "--follow", to follow
renaming history of a single file.
- "git filter-branch" lets you rewrite the revision history of
specified branches. You can specify a number of filters to
modify the commits, files and trees.
- "git cvsserver" learned new options (--base-path, --export-all,
--strict-paths) inspired by "git daemon".
- "git daemon --base-path-relaxed" can help migrating a repository URL
that did not use to use --base-path to use --base-path.
- "git commit" can use "-t templatefile" option and commit.template
configuration variable to prime the commit message given to you in the
editor.
- "git submodule" command helps you manage the projects from
the superproject that contain them.
- In addition to core.compression configuration option,
core.loosecompression and pack.compression options can
independently tweak zlib compression levels used for loose
and packed objects.
- "git ls-tree -l" shows size of blobs pointed at by the
tree entries, similar to "/bin/ls -l".
- "git rev-list" learned --regexp-ignore-case and
--extended-regexp options to tweak its matching logic used
for --grep filtering.
- "git describe --contains" is a handier way to call more
obscure command "git name-rev --tags".
- "git gc --aggressive" tells the command to spend more cycles
to optimize the repository harder.
- "git repack" learned a "window-memory" limit which
dynamically reduces the window size to stay within the
specified memory usage.
- "git repack" can be told to split resulting packs to avoid
exceeding limit specified with "--max-pack-size".
- "git fsck" gained --verbose option. This is really really
verbose but it might help you identify exact commit that is
corrupt in your repository.
- "git format-patch" learned --numbered-files option. This
may be useful for MH users.
- "git format-patch" learned format.subjectprefix configuration
variable, which serves the same purpose as "--subject-prefix"
option.
- "git tag -n -l" shows tag annotations while listing tags.
- "git cvsimport" can optionally use the separate-remote layout.
- "git blame" can be told to see through commits that change
whitespaces and indentation levels with "-w" option.
- "git send-email" can be told not to thread the messages when
sending out more than one patches.
- "git send-email" can also be told how to find whom to cc the
message to for each message via --cc-cmd.
- "git config" learned NUL terminated output format via -z to
help scripts.
- "git add" learned "--refresh <paths>..." option to selectively refresh
the cached stat information.
- "git init -q" makes the command quieter.
- "git -p command" now has a cousin of opposite sex, "git --no-pager
command".
* Updated behavior of existing commands.
- "gitweb" can offer multiple snapshot formats.
***NOTE*** Unfortunately, this changes the format of the
$feature{snapshot}{default} entry in the per-site
configuration file 'gitweb_config.perl'. It used to be a
three-element tuple that describe a single format; with the
new configuration item format, you only have to say the name
of the format ('tgz', 'tbz2' or 'zip'). Please update the
your configuration file accordingly.
- "git clone" uses -l (hardlink files under .git) by default when
cloning locally.
- URL used for "git clone" and friends can specify nonstandard SSH port
by using ssh://host:port/path/to/repo syntax.
- "git bundle create" can now create a bundle without negative refs,
i.e. "everything since the beginning up to certain points".
- "git diff" (but not the plumbing level "git diff-tree") now
recursively descends into trees by default.
- "git diff" does not show differences that come only from
stat-dirtiness in the form of "diff --git" header anymore.
It runs "update-index --refresh" silently as needed.
- "git tag -l" used to match tags by globbing its parameter as if it
has wildcard '*' on both ends, which made "git tag -l gui" to match
tag 'gitgui-0.7.0'; this was very annoying. You now have to add
asterisk on the sides you want to wildcard yourself.
- The editor to use with many interactive commands can be
overridden with GIT_EDITOR environment variable, or if it
does not exist, with core.editor configuration variable. As
before, if you have neither, environment variables VISUAL
and EDITOR are consulted in this order, and then finally we
fall back on "vi".
- "git rm --cached" does not complain when removing a newly
added file from the index anymore.
- Options to "git log" to affect how --grep/--author options look for
given strings now have shorter abbreviations. -i is for ignore case,
and -E is for extended regexp.
- "git log" learned --log-size to show the number of bytes in
the log message part of the output to help qgit.
- "git log --name-status" does not require you to give "-r" anymore.
As a general rule, Porcelain commands should recurse when showing
diff.
- "git format-patch --root A" can be used to format everything
since the beginning up to A. This was supported with
"git format-patch --root A A" for a long time, but was not
properly documented.
- "git svn dcommit" retains local merge information.
- "git svnimport" allows an empty string to be specified as the
trunk/ directory. This is necessary to suck data from a SVN
repository that doe not have trunk/ branches/ and tags/ organization
at all.
- "git config" to set values also honors type flags like --bool
and --int.
- core.quotepath configuration can be used to make textual git
output to emit most of the characters in the path literally.
- "git mergetool" chooses its backend more wisely, taking
notice of its environment such as use of X, Gnome/KDE, etc.
- "gitweb" shows merge commits a lot nicer than before. The
default view uses more compact --cc format, while the UI
allows to choose normal diff with any parent.
- snapshot files "gitweb" creates from a repository at
$path/$project/.git are more useful. We use $project part
in the filename, which we used to discard.
- "git cvsimport" creates lightweight tags; there is no
interesting information we can record in an annotated tag,
and the handcrafted ones the old code created was not
properly formed anyway.
- "git push" pretends that you immediately fetched back from
the remote by updating corresponding remote tracking
branches if you have any.
- The diffstat given after a merge (or a pull) honors the
color.diff configuration.
- "git commit --amend" is now compatible with various message source
options such as -m/-C/-c/-F.
- "git apply --whitespace=strip" removes blank lines added at
the end of the file.
- "git fetch" over git native protocols with "-v" option shows
connection status, and the IP address of the other end, to
help diagnosing problems.
- We used to have core.legacyheaders configuration, when
set to false, allowed git to write loose objects in a format
that mimics the format used by objects stored in packs. It
turns out that this was not so useful. Although we will
continue to read objects written in that format, we do not
honor that configuration anymore and create loose objects in
the legacy/traditional format.
- "--find-copies-harder" option to diff family can now be
spelled as "-C -C" for brevity.
- "git mailsplit" (hence "git am") can read from Maildir
formatted mailboxes.
- "git cvsserver" does not barf upon seeing "cvs login"
request.
- "pack-objects" honors "delta" attribute set in
.gitattributes. It does not attempt to deltify blobs that
come from paths with delta attribute set to false.
- "new-workdir" script (in contrib) can now be used with a
bare repository.
- "git mergetool" learned to use gvimdiff.
- "gitview" (in contrib) has a better blame interface.
- "git log" and friends did not handle a commit log message
that is larger than 16kB; they do now.
- "--pretty=oneline" output format for "git log" and friends
deals with "malformed" commit log messages that have more
than one lines in the first paragraph better. We used to
show the first line, cutting the title at mid-sentence; we
concatenate them into a single line and treat the result as
"oneline".
- "git p4import" has been demoted to contrib status. For
a superior option, checkout the "git p4" front end to
"git fast-import" (also in contrib). The man page and p4
rpm have been removed as well.
- "git mailinfo" (hence "am") now tries to see if the message
is in utf-8 first, instead of assuming iso-8859-1, if
incoming e-mail does not say what encoding it is in.
* Builds
- old-style function definitions (most notably, a function
without parameter defined with "func()", not "func(void)")
have been eradicated.
- "git tag" and "git verify-tag" have been rewritten in C.
* Performance Tweaks
- "git pack-objects" avoids re-deltification cost by caching
small enough delta results it creates while looking for the
best delta candidates.
- "git pack-objects" learned a new heuristic to prefer delta
that is shallower in depth over the smallest delta
possible. This improves both overall packfile access
performance and packfile density.
- diff-delta code that is used for packing has been improved
to work better on big files.
- when there are more than one pack files in the repository,
the runtime used to try finding an object always from the
newest packfile; it now tries the same packfile as we found
the object requested the last time, which exploits the
locality of references.
- verifying pack contents done by "git fsck --full" got boost
by carefully choosing the order to verify objects in them.
- "git read-tree -m" to read into an already populated index
has been optimized vastly. The effect of this can be seen
when switching branches that have differences in only a
handful paths.
- "git add paths..." and "git commit paths..." has also been
heavily optimized.
Fixes since v1.5.2
------------------
All of the fixes in v1.5.2 maintenance series are included in
this release, unless otherwise noted.
* Bugfixes
- "gitweb" had trouble handling non UTF-8 text with older
Encode.pm Perl module.
- "git svn" misparsed the data from the commits in the repository when
the user had "color.diff = true" in the configuration. This has been
fixed.
- There was a case where "git svn dcommit" clobbered changes made on the
SVN side while committing multiple changes.
- "git-write-tree" had a bad interaction with racy-git avoidance and
gitattributes mechanisms.
- "git --bare command" overrode existing GIT_DIR setting and always
made it treat the current working directory as GIT_DIR.
- "git ls-files --error-unmatch" does not complain if you give the
same path pattern twice by mistake.
- "git init" autodetected core.filemode but not core.symlinks, which
made a new directory created automatically by "git clone" cumbersome
to use on filesystems that require these configurations to be set.
- "git log" family of commands behaved differently when run as "git
log" (no pathspec) and as "git log --" (again, no pathspec). This
inconsistency was introduced somewhere in v1.3.0 series but now has
been corrected.
- "git rebase -m" incorrectly displayed commits that were skipped.

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GIT v1.5.4.1 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.5.4
------------------
* "git-commit -C $tag" used to work but rewrite in C done in
1.5.4 broke it.
* An entry in the .gitattributes file that names a pattern in a
subdirectory of the directory it is in did not match
correctly (e.g. pattern "b/*.c" in "a/.gitattributes" should
match "a/b/foo.c" but it didn't).
* Customized color specification was parsed incorrectly when
numeric color values are used. This was fixed in 1.5.4.1.

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GIT v1.5.4.2 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.5.4
------------------
* The configuration parser was not prepared to see string
valued variables misspelled as boolean and segfaulted.
* Temporary files left behind due to interrupted object
transfers were not cleaned up with "git prune".
* "git config --unset" was confused when the unset variables
were spelled with continuation lines in the config file.
* The merge message detection in "git cvsimport" did not catch
a message that began with "Merge...".
* "git status" suggests "git rm --cached" for unstaging the
earlier "git add" before the initial commit.
* "git status" output was incorrect during a partial commit.
* "git bisect" refused to start when the HEAD was detached.
* "git bisect" allowed a wildcard character in the commit
message expanded while writing its log file.
* Manual pages were not formatted correctly with docbook xsl
1.72; added a workaround.
* "git-commit -C $tag" used to work but rewrite in C done in
1.5.4 broke it. This was fixed in 1.5.4.1.
* An entry in the .gitattributes file that names a pattern in a
subdirectory of the directory it is in did not match
correctly (e.g. pattern "b/*.c" in "a/.gitattributes" should
match "a/b/foo.c" but it didn't). This was fixed in 1.5.4.1.
* Customized color specification was parsed incorrectly when
numeric color values are used. This was fixed in 1.5.4.1.
* http transport misbehaved when linked with curl-gnutls.

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GIT v1.5.4.3 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.5.4.2
--------------------
* RPM spec used to pull in everything with 'git'. This has been
changed so that 'git' package contains just the core parts,
and we now supply 'git-all' metapackage to slurp in everything.
This should match end user's expectation better.
* When some refs failed to update, git-push reported "failure"
which was unclear if some other refs were updated or all of
them failed atomically (the answer is the former). Reworded
the message to clarify this.
* "git clone" from a repository whose HEAD was misconfigured
did not set up the remote properly. Now it tries to do
better.
* Updated git-push documentation to clarify what "matching"
means, in order to reduce user confusion.
* Updated git-add documentation to clarify "add -u" operates in
the current subdirectory you are in, just like other commands.
* git-gui updates to work on OSX and Windows better.

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GIT v1.5.4.4 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.5.4.3
--------------------
* Building and installing with an overtight umask such as 077 made
installed templates unreadable by others, while the rest of the install
are done in a way that is friendly to umask 022.
* "git cvsexportcommit -w $cvsdir" misbehaved when GIT_DIR is set to a
relative directory.
* "git http-push" had an invalid memory access that could lead it to
segfault.
* When "git rebase -i" gave control back to the user for a commit that is
marked to be edited, it just said "modify it with commit --amend",
without saying what to do to continue after modifying it. Give an
explicit instruction to run "rebase --continue" to be more helpful.
* "git send-email" in 1.5.4.3 issued a bogus empty In-Reply-To: header.
* "git bisect" showed mysterious "won't bisect on seeked tree" error message.
This was leftover from Cogito days to prevent "bisect" starting from a
cg-seeked state. We still keep the Cogito safety, but running "git bisect
start" when another bisect was in effect will clean up and start over.
* "git push" with an explicit PATH to receive-pack did not quite work if
receive-pack was not on usual PATH. We earlier fixed the same issue
with "git fetch" and upload-pack, but somehow forgot to do so in the
other direction.
* git-gui's info dialog was not displayed correctly when the user tries
to commit nothing (i.e. without staging anything).
* "git revert" did not properly fail when attempting to run with a
dirty index.
* "git merge --no-commit --no-ff <other>" incorrectly made commits.
* "git merge --squash --no-ff <other>", which is a nonsense combination
of options, was not rejected.
* "git ls-remote" and "git remote show" against an empty repository
failed, instead of just giving an empty result (regression).
* "git fast-import" did not handle a renamed path whose name needs to be
quoted, due to a bug in unquote_c_style() function.
* "git cvsexportcommit" was confused when multiple files with the same
basename needed to be pushed out in the same commit.
* "git daemon" did not send early errors to syslog.
* "git log --merge" did not work well with --left-right option.
* "git svn" prompted for client cert password every time it accessed the
server.
* The reset command in "git fast-import" data stream was documented to
end with an optional LF, but it actually required one.
* "git svn dcommit/rebase" did not honor --rewrite-root option.
Also included are a handful documentation updates.

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GIT v1.5.4.5 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.5.4.4
--------------------
* "git fetch there" when the URL information came from the Cogito style
branches/there file did not update refs/heads/there (regression in
1.5.4).
* Bogus refspec configuration such as "remote.there.fetch = =" were not
detected as errors (regression in 1.5.4).
* You couldn't specify a custom editor whose path contains a whitespace
via GIT_EDITOR (and core.editor).
* The subdirectory filter to "git filter-branch" mishandled a history
where the subdirectory becomes empty and then later becomes non-empty.
* "git shortlog" gave an empty line if the original commit message was
malformed (e.g. a botched import from foreign SCM). Now it finds the
first non-empty line and uses it for better information.
* When the user fails to give a revision parameter to "git svn", an error
from the Perl interpreter was issued because the script lacked proper
error checking.
* After "git rebase" stopped due to conflicts, if the user played with
"git reset" and friends, "git rebase --abort" failed to go back to the
correct commit.
* Additional work trees prepared with git-new-workdir (in contrib/) did
not share git-svn metadata directory .git/svn with the original.
* "git-merge-recursive" did not mark addition of the same path with
different filemodes correctly as a conflict.
* "gitweb" gave malformed URL when pathinfo stype paths are in use.
* "-n" stands for "--no-tags" again for "git fetch".
* "git format-patch" did not detect the need to add 8-bit MIME header
when the user used format.header configuration.
* "rev~" revision specifier used to mean "rev", which was inconsistent
with how "rev^" worked. Now "rev~" is the same as "rev~1" (hence it
also is the same as "rev^1"), and "rev~0" is the same as "rev^0"
(i.e. it has to be a commit).
* "git quiltimport" did not grok empty lines, lines in "file -pNNN"
format to specify the prefix levels and lines with trailing comments.
* "git rebase -m" triggered pre-commit verification, which made
"rebase --continue" impossible.
As usual, it also comes with many documentation fixes and clarifications.

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GIT v1.5.4.6 Release Notes
==========================
I personally do not think there is any reason anybody should want to
run v1.5.4.X series these days, because 'master' version is always
more stable than any tagged released version of git.
This is primarily to futureproof "git-shell" to accept requests
without a dash between "git" and subcommand name (e.g. "git
upload-pack") which the newer client will start to make sometime in
the future.
Fixes since v1.5.4.5
--------------------
* Command line option "-n" to "git-repack" was not correctly parsed.
* Error messages from "git-apply" when the patchfile cannot be opened
have been improved.
* Error messages from "git-bisect" when given nonsense revisions have
been improved.
* reflog syntax that uses time e.g. "HEAD@{10 seconds ago}:path" did not
stop parsing at the closing "}".
* "git rev-parse --symbolic-full-name ^master^2" printed solitary "^",
but it should print nothing.
* "git apply" did not enforce "match at the beginning" correctly.
* a path specification "a/b" in .gitattributes file should not match
"sub/a/b", but it did.
* "git log --date-order --topo-order" did not override the earlier
date-order with topo-order as expected.
* "git fast-export" did not export octopus merges correctly.
* "git archive --prefix=$path/" mishandled gitattributes.
As usual, it also comes with many documentation fixes and clarifications.

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GIT v1.5.4.7 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since 1.5.4.7
-------------------
* Removed support for an obsolete gitweb request URI, whose
implementation ran "git diff" Porcelain, instead of using plumbing,
which would have run an external diff command specified in the
repository configuration as the gitweb user.

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GIT v1.5.4 Release Notes
========================
Removal
-------
* "git svnimport" was removed in favor of "git svn". It is still there
in the source tree (contrib/examples) but unsupported.
* As git-commit and git-status have been rewritten, "git runstatus"
helper script lost all its users and has been removed.
Temporarily disabled
--------------------
* "git http-push" is known not to work well with cURL library older
than 7.16, and we had reports of repository corruption. It is
disabled on such platforms for now. Unfortunately, 1.5.3.8 shares
the same issue. In other words, this does not mean you will be
fine if you stick to an older git release. For now, please do not
use http-push from older git with cURL older than 7.16 if you
value your data. A proper fix will hopefully materialize in
later versions.
Deprecation notices
-------------------
* From v1.6.0, git will by default install dashed form of commands
(e.g. "git-commit") outside of users' normal $PATH, and will install
only selected commands ("git" itself, and "gitk") in $PATH. This
implies:
- Using dashed forms of git commands (e.g. "git-commit") from the
command line has been informally deprecated since early 2006, but
now it officially is, and will be removed in the future. Use
dash-less forms (e.g. "git commit") instead.
- Using dashed forms from your scripts, without first prepending the
return value from "git --exec-path" to the scripts' PATH, has been
informally deprecated since early 2006, but now it officially is.
- Use of dashed forms with "PATH=$(git --exec-path):$PATH; export
PATH" early in your script is not deprecated with this change.
Users are strongly encouraged to adjust their habits and scripts now
to prepare for this change.
* The post-receive hook was introduced in March 2007 to supersede
the post-update hook, primarily to overcome the command line length
limitation of the latter. Use of post-update hook will be deprecated
in future versions of git, starting from v1.6.0.
* "git lost-found" was deprecated in favor of "git fsck"'s --lost-found
option, and will be removed in the future.
* "git peek-remote" is deprecated, as "git ls-remote" was written in C
and works for all transports; "git peek-remote" will be removed in
the future.
* "git repo-config" which was an old name for "git config" command
has been supported without being advertised for a long time. The
next feature release will remove it.
* From v1.6.0, the repack.usedeltabaseoffset config option will default
to true, which will give denser packfiles (i.e. more efficient storage).
The downside is that git older than version 1.4.4 will not be able
to directly use a repository packed using this setting.
* From v1.6.0, the pack.indexversion config option will default to 2,
which is slightly more efficient, and makes repacking more immune to
data corruptions. Git older than version 1.5.2 may revert to version 1
of the pack index with a manual "git index-pack" to be able to directly
access corresponding pack files.
Updates since v1.5.3
--------------------
* Comes with much improved gitk, with i18n.
* Comes with git-gui 0.9.2 with i18n.
* gitk is now merged as a subdirectory of git.git project, in
preparation for its i18n.
* progress displays from many commands are a lot nicer to the eye.
Transfer commands show throughput data.
* many commands that pay attention to per-directory .gitignore now do
so lazily, which makes the usual case go much faster.
* Output processing for '--pretty=format:<user format>' has been
optimized.
* Rename detection of diff family while detecting exact matches has
been greatly optimized.
* Rename detection of diff family tries to make more natural looking
pairing. Earlier, if multiple identical rename sources were
found in the preimage, the source used was picked pretty much at random.
* Value "true" for color.diff and color.status configuration used to
mean "always" (even when the output is not going to a terminal).
This has been corrected to mean the same thing as "auto".
* "git diff" Porcelain now respects diff.external configuration, which
is another way to specify GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF.
* "git diff" can be told to use different prefixes other than
"a/" and "b/" e.g. "git diff --src-prefix=l/ --dst-prefix=k/".
* "git diff" sometimes did not quote paths with funny
characters properly.
* "git log" (and any revision traversal commands) misbehaved
when --diff-filter is given but was not asked to actually
produce diff.
* HTTP proxy can be specified per remote repository using
remote.*.httpproxy configuration, or global http.proxy configuration
variable.
* Various Perforce importer updates.
* Example update and post-receive hooks have been improved.
* Any command that wants to take a commit object name can now use
":/string" syntax to name a commit.
* "git reset" is now built-in and its output can be squelched with -q.
* "git reset --hard" does not make any sense in a bare
repository, but did not error out; fixed.
* "git send-email" can optionally talk over ssmtp and use SMTP-AUTH.
* "git rebase" learned --whitespace option.
* In "git rebase", when you decide not to replay a particular change
after the command stopped with a conflict, you can say "git rebase
--skip" without first running "git reset --hard", as the command now
runs it for you.
* "git rebase --interactive" mode can now work on detached HEAD.
* Other minor to serious bugs in "git rebase -i" have been fixed.
* "git rebase" now detaches head during its operation, so after a
successful "git rebase" operation, the reflog entry branch@{1} for
the current branch points at the commit before the rebase was
started.
* "git rebase -i" also triggers rerere to help your repeated merges.
* "git merge" can call the "post-merge" hook.
* "git pack-objects" can optionally run deltification with multiple
threads.
* "git archive" can optionally substitute keywords in files marked with
export-subst attribute.
* "git cherry-pick" made a misguided attempt to repeat the original
command line in the generated log message, when told to cherry-pick a
commit by naming a tag that points at it. It does not anymore.
* "git for-each-ref" learned %(xxxdate:<date-format>) syntax to show the
various date fields in different formats.
* "git gc --auto" is a low-impact way to automatically run a variant of
"git repack" that does not lose unreferenced objects (read: safer
than the usual one) after the user accumulates too many loose
objects.
* "git clean" has been rewritten in C.
* You need to explicitly set clean.requireForce to "false" to allow
"git clean" without -f to do any damage (lack of the configuration
variable used to mean "do not require -f option to lose untracked
files", but we now use the safer default).
* The kinds of whitespace errors "git diff" and "git apply" notice (and
fix) can be controlled via 'core.whitespace' configuration variable
and 'whitespace' attribute in .gitattributes file.
* "git push" learned --dry-run option to show what would happen if a
push is run.
* "git push" does not update a tracking ref on the local side when the
remote refused to update the corresponding ref.
* "git push" learned --mirror option. This is to push the local refs
one-to-one to the remote, and deletes refs from the remote that do
not exist anymore in the repository on the pushing side.
* "git push" can remove a corrupt ref at the remote site with the usual
":ref" refspec.
* "git remote" knows --mirror mode. This is to set up configuration to
push into a remote repository to store local branch heads to the same
branch on the remote side, and remove branch heads locally removed
from local repository at the same time. Suitable for pushing into a
back-up repository.
* "git remote" learned "rm" subcommand.
* "git cvsserver" can be run via "git shell". Also, "cvs" is
recognized as a synonym for "git cvsserver", so that CVS users
can be switched to git just by changing their login shell.
* "git cvsserver" acts more like receive-pack by running post-receive
and post-update hooks.
* "git am" and "git rebase" are far less verbose.
* "git pull" learned to pass --[no-]ff option to underlying "git
merge".
* "git pull --rebase" is a different way to integrate what you fetched
into your current branch.
* "git fast-export" produces data-stream that can be fed to fast-import
to reproduce the history recorded in a git repository.
* "git add -i" takes pathspecs to limit the set of files to work on.
* "git add -p" is a short-hand to go directly to the selective patch
subcommand in the interactive command loop and to exit when done.
* "git add -i" UI has been colorized. The interactive prompt
and menu can be colored by setting color.interactive
configuration. The diff output (including the hunk picker)
are colored with color.diff configuration.
* "git commit --allow-empty" allows you to create a single-parent
commit that records the same tree as its parent, overriding the usual
safety valve.
* "git commit --amend" can amend a merge that does not change the tree
from its first parent.
* "git commit" used to unconditionally strip comment lines that
began with '#' and removed excess blank lines. This behavior has
been made configurable.
* "git commit" has been rewritten in C.
* "git stash random-text" does not create a new stash anymore. It was
a UI mistake. Use "git stash save random-text", or "git stash"
(without extra args) for that.
* "git stash clear extra-text" does not clear the whole stash
anymore. It is tempting to expect "git stash clear stash@{2}"
to drop only a single named stash entry, and it is rude to
discard everything when that is asked (but not provided).
* "git prune --expire <time>" can exempt young loose objects from
getting pruned.
* "git branch --contains <commit>" can list branches that are
descendants of a given commit.
* "git log" learned --early-output option to help interactive GUI
implementations.
* "git bisect" learned "skip" action to mark untestable commits.
* "git bisect visualize" learned a shorter synonym "git bisect view".
* "git bisect visualize" runs "git log" in a non-windowed
environments. It also can be told what command to run (e.g. "git
bisect visualize tig").
* "git format-patch" learned "format.numbered" configuration variable
to automatically turn --numbered option on when more than one commits
are formatted.
* "git ls-files" learned "--exclude-standard" to use the canned set of
exclude files.
* "git tag -a -f existing" begins the editor session using the existing
annotation message.
* "git tag -m one -m bar" (multiple -m options) behaves similarly to
"git commit"; the parameters to -m options are formatted as separate
paragraphs.
* The format "git show" outputs an annotated tag has been updated to
include "Tagger: " and "Date: " lines from the tag itself. Strictly
speaking this is a backward incompatible change, but this is a
reasonable usability fix and people's scripts shouldn't have been
relying on the exact output from "git show" Porcelain anyway.
* "git cvsimport" did not notice errors from underlying "cvsps"
and produced a corrupt import silently.
* "git cvsexportcommit" learned -w option to specify and switch to the
CVS working directory.
* "git checkout" from a subdirectory learned to use "../path" to allow
checking out a path outside the current directory without cd'ing up.
* "git checkout" from and to detached HEAD leaves a bit more
information in the reflog.
* "git send-email --dry-run" shows full headers for easier diagnosis.
* "git merge-ours" is now built-in.
* "git svn" learned "info" and "show-externals" subcommands.
* "git svn" run from a subdirectory failed to read settings from the
.git/config.
* "git svn" learned --use-log-author option, which picks up more
descriptive name from From: and Signed-off-by: lines in the commit
message.
* "git svn" wasted way too much disk to record revision mappings
between svn and git; a new representation that is much more compact
for this information has been introduced to correct this.
* "git svn" left temporary index files it used without cleaning them
up; this was corrected.
* "git status" from a subdirectory now shows relative paths, which
makes copy-and-pasting for git-checkout/git-add/git-rm easier. The
traditional behavior to show the full path relative to the top of
the work tree can be had by setting status.relativepaths
configuration variable to false.
* "git blame" kept text for each annotated revision in core needlessly;
this has been corrected.
* "git shortlog" learned to default to HEAD when the standard input is
a terminal and the user did not give any revision parameter.
* "git shortlog" learned "-e" option to show e-mail addresses as well as
authors' names.
* "git help" learned "-w" option to show documentation in browsers.
* In addition there are quite a few internal clean-ups. Notably:
- many fork/exec have been replaced with run-command API,
brought from the msysgit effort.
- introduction and more use of the option parser API.
- enhancement and more use of the strbuf API.
* Makefile tweaks to support HP-UX is in.
Fixes since v1.5.3
------------------
All of the fixes in v1.5.3 maintenance series are included in
this release, unless otherwise noted.
These fixes are only in v1.5.4 and not backported to v1.5.3 maintenance
series.
* The way "git diff --check" behaves is much more consistent with the way
"git apply --whitespace=warn" works.
* "git svn" talking with the SVN over HTTP will correctly quote branch
and project names.
* "git config" did not work correctly on platforms that define
REG_NOMATCH to an even number.
* Recent versions of AsciiDoc 8 has a change to break our
documentation; a workaround has been implemented.
* "git diff --color-words" colored context lines in a wrong color.

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GIT v1.5.5.1 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.5.5
------------------
* "git archive --prefix=$path/" mishandled gitattributes.
* "git fetch -v" that fetches into FETCH_HEAD did not report the summary
the same way as done for updating the tracking refs.
* "git svn" misbehaved when the configuration file customized the "git
log" output format using format.pretty.
* "git submodule status" leaked an unnecessary error message.
* "git log --date-order --topo-order" did not override the earlier
date-order with topo-order as expected.
* "git bisect good $this" did not check the validity of the revision
given properly.
* "url.<there>.insteadOf" did not work correctly.
* "git clean" ran inside subdirectory behaved as if the directory was
explicitly specified for removal by the end user from the top level.
* "git bisect" from a detached head leaked an unnecessary error message.
* "git bisect good $a $b" when $a is Ok but $b is bogus should have
atomically failed before marking $a as good.
* "git fmt-merge-msg" did not clean up leading empty lines from commit
log messages like "git log" family does.
* "git am" recorded a commit with empty Subject: line without
complaining.
* when given a commit log message whose first paragraph consists of
multiple lines, "git rebase" squashed it into a single line.
* "git remote add $bogus_name $url" did not complain properly.
Also comes with various documentation updates.

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GIT v1.5.5.2 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.5.5.1
--------------------
* "git repack -n" was mistakenly made no-op earlier.
* "git imap-send" wanted to always have imap.host even when use of
imap.tunnel made it unnecessary.
* reflog syntax that uses time e.g. "HEAD@{10 seconds ago}:path" did not
stop parsing at the closing "}".
* "git rev-parse --symbolic-full-name ^master^2" printed solitary "^",
but it should print nothing.
* "git commit" did not detect when it failed to write tree objects.
* "git fetch" sometimes transferred too many objects unnecessarily.
* a path specification "a/b" in .gitattributes file should not match
"sub/a/b".
* various gitweb fixes.
Also comes with various documentation updates.

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GIT v1.5.5.3 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.5.5.2
--------------------
* "git send-email --compose" did not notice that non-ascii contents
needed some MIME magic.
* "git fast-export" did not export octopus merges correctly.
Also comes with various documentation updates.

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GIT v1.5.5.4 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.5.5.4
--------------------
* "git name-rev --all" used to segfault.

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GIT v1.5.5.5 Release Notes
==========================
I personally do not think there is any reason anybody should want to
run v1.5.5.X series these days, because 'master' version is always
more stable than any tagged released version of git.
This is primarily to futureproof "git-shell" to accept requests
without a dash between "git" and subcommand name (e.g. "git
upload-pack") which the newer client will start to make sometime in
the future.

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GIT v1.5.5.6 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since 1.5.5.5
-------------------
* Removed support for an obsolete gitweb request URI, whose
implementation ran "git diff" Porcelain, instead of using plumbing,
which would have run an external diff command specified in the
repository configuration as the gitweb user.

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GIT v1.5.5 Release Notes
========================
Updates since v1.5.4
--------------------
(subsystems)
* Comes with git-gui 0.10.1
(portability)
* We shouldn't ask for BSD group ownership semantics by setting g+s bit
on directories on older BSD systems that refuses chmod() by non root
users. BSD semantics is the default there anyway.
* Bunch of portability improvement patches coming from an effort to port
to Solaris has been applied.
(performance)
* On platforms with suboptimal qsort(3) implementation, there
is an option to use more reasonable substitute we ship with
our software.
* New configuration variable "pack.packsizelimit" can be used
in place of command line option --max-pack-size.
* "git fetch" over the native git protocol used to make a
connection to find out the set of current remote refs and
another to actually download the pack data. We now use only
one connection for these tasks.
* "git commit" does not run lstat(2) more than necessary
anymore.
(usability, bells and whistles)
* Bash completion script (in contrib) are aware of more commands and
options.
* You can be warned when core.autocrlf conversion is applied in
such a way that results in an irreversible conversion.
* A catch-all "color.ui" configuration variable can be used to
enable coloring of all color-capable commands, instead of
individual ones such as "color.status" and "color.branch".
* The commands refused to take absolute pathnames where they
require pathnames relative to the work tree or the current
subdirectory. They now can take absolute pathnames in such a
case as long as the pathnames do not refer outside of the
work tree. E.g. "git add $(pwd)/foo" now works.
* Error messages used to be sent to stderr, only to get hidden,
when $PAGER was in use. They now are sent to stdout along
with the command output to be shown in the $PAGER.
* A pattern "foo/" in .gitignore file now matches a directory
"foo". Pattern "foo" also matches as before.
* bash completion's prompt helper function can talk about
operation in-progress (e.g. merge, rebase, etc.).
* Configuration variables "url.<usethis>.insteadof = <otherurl>" can be
used to tell "git-fetch" and "git-push" to use different URL than what
is given from the command line.
* "git add -i" behaves better even before you make an initial commit.
* "git am" refused to run from a subdirectory without a good reason.
* After "git apply --whitespace=fix" fixes whitespace errors in a patch,
a line before the fix can appear as a context or preimage line in a
later patch, causing the patch not to apply. The command now knows to
see through whitespace fixes done to context lines to successfully
apply such a patch series.
* "git branch" (and "git checkout -b") to branch from a local branch can
optionally set "branch.<name>.merge" to mark the new branch to build on
the other local branch, when "branch.autosetupmerge" is set to
"always", or when passing the command line option "--track" (this option
was ignored when branching from local branches). By default, this does
not happen when branching from a local branch.
* "git checkout" to switch to a branch that has "branch.<name>.merge" set
(i.e. marked to build on another branch) reports how much the branch
and the other branch diverged.
* When "git checkout" has to update a lot of paths, it used to be silent
for 4 seconds before it showed any progress report. It is now a bit
more impatient and starts showing progress report early.
* "git commit" learned a new hook "prepare-commit-msg" that can
inspect what is going to be committed and prepare the commit
log message template to be edited.
* "git cvsimport" can now take more than one -M options.
* "git describe" learned to limit the tags to be used for
naming with --match option.
* "git describe --contains" now barfs when the named commit
cannot be described.
* "git describe --exact-match" describes only commits that are tagged.
* "git describe --long" describes a tagged commit as $tag-0-$sha1,
instead of just showing the exact tagname.
* "git describe" warns when using a tag whose name and path contradict
with each other.
* "git diff" learned "--relative" option to limit and output paths
relative to the current directory when working in a subdirectory.
* "git diff" learned "--dirstat" option to show birds-eye-summary of
changes more concisely than "--diffstat".
* "git format-patch" learned --cover-letter option to generate a cover
letter template.
* "git gc" learned --quiet option.
* "git gc" now automatically prunes unreachable objects that are two
weeks old or older.
* "git gc --auto" can be disabled more easily by just setting gc.auto
to zero. It also tolerates more packfiles by default.
* "git grep" now knows "--name-only" is a synonym for the "-l" option.
* "git help <alias>" now reports "'git <alias>' is alias to <what>",
instead of saying "No manual entry for git-<alias>".
* "git help" can use different backends to show manual pages and this can
be configured using "man.viewer" configuration.
* "gitk" does not restore window position from $HOME/.gitk anymore (it
still restores the size).
* "git log --grep=<what>" learned "--fixed-strings" option to look for
<what> without treating it as a regular expression.
* "git gui" learned an auto-spell checking.
* "git push <somewhere> HEAD" and "git push <somewhere> +HEAD" works as
expected; they push the current branch (and only the current branch).
In addition, HEAD can be written as the value of "remote.<there>.push"
configuration variable.
* When the configuration variable "pack.threads" is set to 0, "git
repack" auto detects the number of CPUs and uses that many threads.
* "git send-email" learned to prompt for passwords
interactively.
* "git send-email" learned an easier way to suppress CC
recipients.
* "git stash" learned "pop" command, that applies the latest stash and
removes it from the stash, and "drop" command to discard the named
stash entry.
* "git submodule" learned a new subcommand "summary" to show the
symmetric difference between the HEAD version and the work tree version
of the submodule commits.
* Various "git cvsimport", "git cvsexportcommit", "git cvsserver",
"git svn" and "git p4" improvements.
(internal)
* Duplicated code between git-help and git-instaweb that
launches user's preferred browser has been refactored.
* It is now easier to write test scripts that records known
breakages.
* "git checkout" is rewritten in C.
* "git remote" is rewritten in C.
* Two conflict hunks that are separated by a very short span of common
lines are now coalesced into one larger hunk, to make the result easier
to read.
* Run-command API's use of file descriptors is documented clearer and
is more consistent now.
* diff output can be sent to FILE * that is different from stdout. This
will help reimplementing more things in C.
Fixes since v1.5.4
------------------
All of the fixes in v1.5.4 maintenance series are included in
this release, unless otherwise noted.
* "git-http-push" did not allow deletion of remote ref with the usual
"push <remote> :<branch>" syntax.
* "git-rebase --abort" did not go back to the right location if
"git-reset" was run during the "git-rebase" session.
* "git imap-send" without setting imap.host did not error out but
segfaulted.

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GIT v1.5.6.1 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.5.6
------------------
* Last minute change broke loose object creation on AIX.
* (performance fix) We used to make $GIT_DIR absolute path early in the
programs but keeping it relative to the current directory internally
gives 1-3 per-cent performance boost.
* bash completion knows the new --graph option to git-log family.
* git-diff -c/--cc showed unnecessary "deletion" lines at the context
boundary.
* git-for-each-ref ignored %(object) and %(type) requests for tag
objects.
* git-merge usage had a typo.
* Rebuilding of git-svn metainfo database did not take rewriteRoot
option into account.
* Running "git-rebase --continue/--skip/--abort" before starting a
rebase gave nonsense error messages.

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GIT v1.5.6.2 Release Notes
==========================
Futureproof
-----------
* "git-shell" accepts requests without a dash between "git" and
subcommand name (e.g. "git upload-pack") which the newer client will
start to make sometime in the future.
Fixes since v1.5.6.1
--------------------
* "git clone" from a remote that is named with url.insteadOf setting in
$HOME/.gitconfig did not work well.
* "git describe --long --tags" segfaulted when the described revision was
tagged with a lightweight tag.
* "git diff --check" did not report the result via its exit status
reliably.
* When remote side used to have branch 'foo' and git-fetch finds that now
it has branch 'foo/bar', it refuses to lose the existing remote tracking
branch and its reflog. The error message has been improved to suggest
pruning the remote if the user wants to proceed and get the latest set
of branches from the remote, including such 'foo/bar'.
* "git reset file" should mean the same thing as "git reset HEAD file",
but we required disambiguating -- even when "file" is not ambiguous.
* "git show" segfaulted when an annotated tag that points at another
annotated tag was given to it.
* Optimization for a large import via "git-svn" introduced in v1.5.6 had a
serious memory and temporary file leak, which made it unusable for
moderately large import.
* "git-svn" mangled remote nickname used in the configuration file
unnecessarily.

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GIT v1.5.6.3 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.5.6.2
--------------------
* Setting core.sharerepository to traditional "true" value was supposed to make
the repository group writable but should not affect permission for others.
However, since 1.5.6, it was broken to drop permission for others when umask is
022, making the repository unreadable by others.
* Setting GIT_TRACE will report spawning of external process via run_command().
* Using an object with very deep delta chain pinned memory needed for extracting
intermediate base objects unnecessarily long, leading to excess memory usage.
* Bash completion script did not notice '--' marker on the command
line and tried the relatively slow "ref completion" even when
completing arguments after one.
* Registering a non-empty blob racily and then truncating the working
tree file for it confused "racy-git avoidance" logic into thinking
that the path is now unchanged.
* The section that describes attributes related to git-archive were placed
in a wrong place in the gitattributes(5) manual page.
* "git am" was not helpful to the users when it detected that the committer
information is not set up properly yet.
* "git clone" had a leftover debugging fprintf().
* "git clone -q" was not quiet enough as it used to and gave object count
and progress reports.
* "git clone" marked downloaded packfile with .keep; this could be a
good thing if the remote side is well packed but otherwise not,
especially for a project that is not really big.
* "git daemon" used to call syslog() from a signal handler, which
could raise signals of its own but generally is not reentrant. This
was fixed by restructuring the code to report syslog() after the handler
returns.
* When "git push" tries to remove a remote ref, and corresponding
tracking ref is missing, we used to report error (i.e. failure to
remove something that does not exist).
* "git mailinfo" (hence "git am") did not handle commit log messages in a
MIME multipart mail correctly.
Contains other various documentation fixes.

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GIT v1.5.6.4 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.5.6.3
--------------------
* Various commands could overflow its internal buffer on a platform
with small PATH_MAX value in a repository that has contents with
long pathnames.
* There wasn't a way to make --pretty=format:%<> specifiers to honor
.mailmap name rewriting for authors and committers. Now you can with
%aN and %cN.
* Bash completion wasted too many cycles; this has been optimized to be
usable again.
* Bash completion lost ref part when completing something like "git show
pu:Makefile".
* "git-cvsserver" did not clean up its temporary working area after annotate
request.
* "git-daemon" called syslog() from its signal handler, which was a
no-no.
* "git-fetch" into an empty repository used to remind that the fetch will
be huge by saying "no common commits", but this was an unnecessary
noise; it is already known by the user anyway.
* "git-http-fetch" would have segfaulted when pack idx file retrieved
from the other side was corrupt.
* "git-index-pack" used too much memory when dealing with a deep delta chain.
* "git-mailinfo" (hence "git-am") did not correctly handle in-body [PATCH]
line to override the commit title taken from the mail Subject header.
* "git-rebase -i -p" lost parents that are not involved in the history
being rewritten.
* "git-rm" lost track of where the index file was when GIT_DIR was
specified as a relative path.
* "git-rev-list --quiet" was not quiet as advertised.
Contains other various documentation fixes.

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GIT v1.5.6.5 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.5.6.4
--------------------
* "git cvsimport" used to spit out "UNKNOWN LINE..." diagnostics to stdout.
* "git commit -F filename" and "git tag -F filename" run from subdirectories
did not read the right file.
* "git init --template=" with blank "template" parameter linked files
under root directories to .git, which was a total nonsense. Instead, it
means "I do not want to use anything from the template directory".
* "git diff-tree" and other diff plumbing ignored diff.renamelimit configuration
variable when the user explicitly asked for rename detection.
* "git name-rev --name-only" did not work when "--stdin" option was in effect.
* "git show-branch" mishandled its 8th branch.
* Addition of "git update-index --ignore-submodules" that happened during
1.5.6 cycle broke "git update-index --ignore-missing".
* "git send-email" did not parse charset from an existing Content-type:
header properly.
Contains other various documentation fixes.

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GIT v1.5.6.6 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since 1.5.6.5
-------------------
* Removed support for an obsolete gitweb request URI, whose
implementation ran "git diff" Porcelain, instead of using plumbing,
which would have run an external diff command specified in the
repository configuration as the gitweb user.

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GIT v1.5.6 Release Notes
========================
Updates since v1.5.5
--------------------
(subsystems)
* Comes with updated gitk and git-gui.
(portability)
* git will build on AIX better than before now.
* core.ignorecase configuration variable can be used to work better on
filesystems that are not case sensitive.
* "git init" now autodetects the case sensitivity of the filesystem and
sets core.ignorecase accordingly.
* cpio is no longer used; neither "curl" binary (libcurl is still used).
(documentation)
* Many freestanding documentation pages have been converted and made
available to "git help" (aka "man git<something>") as section 7 of
the manual pages. This means bookmarks to some HTML documentation
files may need to be updated (eg "tutorial.html" became
"gittutorial.html").
(performance)
* "git clone" was rewritten in C. This will hopefully help cloning a
repository with insane number of refs.
* "git rebase --onto $there $from $branch" used to switch to the tip of
$branch only to immediately reset back to $from, smudging work tree
files unnecessarily. This has been optimized.
* Object creation codepath in "git-svn" has been optimized by enhancing
plumbing commands git-cat-file and git-hash-object.
(usability, bells and whistles)
* "git add -p" (and the "patch" subcommand of "git add -i") can choose to
apply (or not apply) mode changes independently from contents changes.
* "git bisect help" gives longer and more helpful usage information.
* "git bisect" does not use a special branch "bisect" anymore; instead, it
does its work on a detached HEAD.
* "git branch" (and "git checkout -b") can be told to set up
branch.<name>.rebase automatically, so that later you can say "git pull"
and magically cause "git pull --rebase" to happen.
* "git branch --merged" and "git branch --no-merged" can be used to list
branches that have already been merged (or not yet merged) to the
current branch.
* "git cherry-pick" and "git revert" can add a sign-off.
* "git commit" mentions the author identity when you are committing
somebody else's changes.
* "git diff/log --dirstat" output is consistent between binary and textual
changes.
* "git filter-branch" rewrites signed tags by demoting them to annotated.
* "git format-patch --no-binary" can produce a patch that lack binary
changes (i.e. cannot be used to propagate the whole changes) meant only
for reviewing.
* "git init --bare" is a synonym for "git --bare init" now.
* "git gc --auto" honors a new pre-auto-gc hook to temporarily disable it.
* "git log --pretty=tformat:<custom format>" gives a LF after each entry,
instead of giving a LF between each pair of entries which is how
"git log --pretty=format:<custom format>" works.
* "git log" and friends learned the "--graph" option to show the ancestry
graph at the left margin of the output.
* "git log" and friends can be told to use date format that is different
from the default via 'log.date' configuration variable.
* "git send-email" now can send out messages outside a git repository.
* "git send-email --compose" was made aware of rfc2047 quoting.
* "git status" can optionally include output from "git submodule
summary".
* "git svn" learned --add-author-from option to propagate the authorship
by munging the commit log message.
* new object creation and looking up in "git svn" has been optimized.
* "gitweb" can read from a system-wide configuration file.
(internal)
* "git unpack-objects" and "git receive-pack" is now more strict about
detecting breakage in the objects they receive over the wire.
Fixes since v1.5.5
------------------
All of the fixes in v1.5.5 maintenance series are included in
this release, unless otherwise noted.
And there are too numerous small fixes to otherwise note here ;-)

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GIT v1.6.0.1 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.6.0
------------------
* "git diff --cc" did not honor content mangling specified by
gitattributes and core.autocrlf when reading from the work tree.
* "git diff --check" incorrectly detected new trailing blank lines when
whitespace check was in effect.
* "git for-each-ref" tried to dereference NULL when asked for '%(body)" on
a tag with a single incomplete line as its payload.
* "git format-patch" peeked before the beginning of a string when
"format.headers" variable is empty (a misconfiguration).
* "git help help" did not work correctly.
* "git mailinfo" (hence "git am") was unhappy when MIME multipart message
contained garbage after the finishing boundary.
* "git mailinfo" also was unhappy when the "From: " line only had a bare
e-mail address.
* "git merge" did not refresh the index correctly when a merge resulted in
a fast-forward.
* "git merge" did not resolve a truly trivial merges that can be done
without content level merges.
* "git svn dcommit" to a repository with URL that has embedded usernames
did not work correctly.
Contains other various documentation fixes.

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GIT v1.6.0.2 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.6.0.1
--------------------
* Installation on platforms that needs .exe suffix to git-* programs were
broken in 1.6.0.1.
* Installation on filesystems without symbolic links support did not
work well.
* In-tree documentations and test scripts now use "git foo" form to set a
better example, instead of the "git-foo" form (which is an acceptable
form if you have "PATH=$(git --exec-path):$PATH" in your script)
* Many commands did not use the correct working tree location when used
with GIT_WORK_TREE environment settings.
* Some systems needs to use compatibility fnmach and regex libraries
independent from each other; the compat/ area has been reorganized to
allow this.
* "git apply --unidiff-zero" incorrectly applied a -U0 patch that inserts
a new line before the second line.
* "git blame -c" did not exactly work like "git annotate" when range
boundaries are involved.
* "git checkout file" when file is still unmerged checked out contents from
a random high order stage, which was confusing.
* "git clone $there $here/" with extra trailing slashes after explicit
local directory name $here did not work as expected.
* "git diff" on tracked contents with CRLF line endings did not drive "less"
intelligently when showing added or removed lines.
* "git diff --dirstat -M" did not add changes in subdirectories up
correctly for renamed paths.
* "git diff --cumulative" did not imply "--dirstat".
* "git for-each-ref refs/heads/" did not work as expected.
* "git gui" allowed users to feed patch without any context to be applied.
* "git gui" botched parsing "diff" output when a line that begins with two
dashes and a space gets removed or a line that begins with two pluses
and a space gets added.
* "git gui" translation updates and i18n fixes.
* "git index-pack" is more careful against disk corruption while completing
a thin pack.
* "git log -i --grep=pattern" did not ignore case; neither "git log -E
--grep=pattern" triggered extended regexp.
* "git log --pretty="%ad" --date=short" did not use short format when
showing the timestamp.
* "git log --author=author" match incorrectly matched with the
timestamp part of "author " line in commit objects.
* "git log -F --author=author" did not work at all.
* Build procedure for "git shell" that used stub versions of some
functions and globals was not understood by linkers on some platforms.
* "git stash" was fooled by a stat-dirty but otherwise unmodified paths
and refused to work until the user refreshed the index.
* "git svn" was broken on Perl before 5.8 with recent fixes to reduce
use of temporary files.
* "git verify-pack -v" did not work correctly when given more than one
packfile.
Also contains many documentation updates.
--
exec >/var/tmp/1
O=v1.6.0.1-78-g3632cfc
echo O=$(git describe maint)
git shortlog --no-merges $O..maint

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GIT v1.6.0.3 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.6.0.2
--------------------
* "git archive --format=zip" did not honor core.autocrlf while
--format=tar did.
* Continuing "git rebase -i" was very confused when the user left modified
files in the working tree while resolving conflicts.
* Continuing "git rebase -i" was also very confused when the user left
some staged changes in the index after "edit".
* "git rebase -i" now honors the pre-rebase hook, just like the
other rebase implementations "git rebase" and "git rebase -m".
* "git rebase -i" incorrectly aborted when there is no commit to replay.
* Behaviour of "git diff --quiet" was inconsistent with "diff --exit-code"
with the output redirected to /dev/null.
* "git diff --no-index" on binary files no longer outputs a bogus
"diff --git" header line.
* "git diff" hunk header patterns with multiple elements separated by LF
were not used correctly.
* Hunk headers in "git diff" default to using extended regular
expressions, fixing some of the internal patterns on non-GNU
platforms.
* New config "diff.*.xfuncname" exposes extended regular expressions
for user specified hunk header patterns.
* "git gc" when ejecting otherwise unreachable objects from packfiles into
loose form leaked memory.
* "git index-pack" was recently broken and mishandled objects added by
thin-pack completion processing under memory pressure.
* "git index-pack" was recently broken and misbehaved when run from inside
.git/objects/pack/ directory.
* "git stash apply sash@{1}" was fixed to error out. Prior versions
would have applied stash@{0} incorrectly.
* "git stash apply" now offers a better suggestion on how to continue
if the working tree is currently dirty.
* "git for-each-ref --format=%(subject)" fixed for commits with no
no newline in the message body.
* "git remote" fixed to protect printf from user input.
* "git remote show -v" now displays all URLs of a remote.
* "git checkout -b branch" was confused when branch already existed.
* "git checkout -q" once again suppresses the locally modified file list.
* "git clone -q", "git fetch -q" asks remote side to not send
progress messages, actually making their output quiet.
* Cross-directory renames are no longer used when creating packs. This
allows more graceful behavior on filesystems like sshfs.
* Stale temporary files under $GIT_DIR/objects/pack are now cleaned up
automatically by "git prune".
* "git merge" once again removes directories after the last file has
been removed from it during the merge.
* "git merge" did not allocate enough memory for the structure itself when
enumerating the parents of the resulting commit.
* "git blame -C -C" no longer segfaults while trying to pass blame if
it encounters a submodule reference.
* "git rm" incorrectly claimed that you have local modifications when a
path was merely stat-dirty.
* "git svn" fixed to display an error message when 'set-tree' failed,
instead of a Perl compile error.
* "git submodule" fixed to handle checking out a different commit
than HEAD after initializing the submodule.
* The "git commit" error message when there are still unmerged
files present was clarified to match "git write-tree".
* "git init" was confused when core.bare or core.sharedRepository are set
in system or user global configuration file by mistake. When --bare or
--shared is given from the command line, these now override such
settings made outside the repositories.
* Some segfaults due to uncaught NULL pointers were fixed in multiple
tools such as apply, reset, update-index.
* Solaris builds now default to OLD_ICONV=1 to avoid compile warnings;
Solaris 8 does not define NEEDS_LIBICONV by default.
* "Git.pm" tests relied on unnecessarily more recent version of Perl.
* "gitweb" triggered undef warning on commits without log messages.
* "gitweb" triggered undef warnings on missing trees.
* "gitweb" now removes PATH_INFO from its URLs so users don't have
to manually set the URL in the gitweb configuration.
* Bash completion removed support for legacy "git-fetch", "git-push"
and "git-pull" as these are no longer installed. Dashless form
("git fetch") is still however supported.
Many other documentation updates.

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GIT v1.6.0.4 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.6.0.3
--------------------
* 'git add -p' said "No changes" when only binary files were changed.
* 'git archive' did not work correctly in bare repositories.
* 'git checkout -t -b newbranch' when you are on detached HEAD was broken.
* when we refuse to detect renames because there are too many new or
deleted files, 'git diff' did not say how many there are.
* 'git push --mirror' tried and failed to push the stash; there is no
point in sending it to begin with.
* 'git push' did not update the remote tracking reference if the corresponding
ref on the remote end happened to be already up to date.
* 'git pull $there $branch:$current_branch' did not work when you were on
a branch yet to be born.
* when giving up resolving a conflicted merge, 'git reset --hard' failed
to remove new paths from the working tree.
* 'git send-email' had a small fd leak while scanning directory.
* 'git status' incorrectly reported a submodule directory as an untracked
directory.
* 'git svn' used deprecated 'git-foo' form of subcommand invocation.
* 'git update-ref -d' to remove a reference did not honor --no-deref option.
* Plugged small memleaks here and there.
* Also contains many documentation updates.

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GIT v1.6.0.5 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.6.0.4
--------------------
* "git checkout" used to crash when your HEAD was pointing at a deleted
branch.
* "git checkout" from an un-checked-out state did not allow switching out
of the current branch.
* "git diff" always allowed GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF and --no-ext-diff was no-op for
the command.
* Giving 3 or more tree-ish to "git diff" is supposed to show the combined
diff from second and subsequent trees to the first one, but the order was
screwed up.
* "git fast-export" did not export all tags.
* "git ls-files --with-tree=<tree>" did not work with options other
than -c, most notably with -m.
* "git pack-objects" did not make its best effort to honor --max-pack-size
option when a single first object already busted the given limit and
placed many objects in a single pack.
* "git-p4" fast import frontend was too eager to trigger its keyword expansion
logic, even on a keyword-looking string that does not have closing '$' on the
same line.
* "git push $there" when the remote $there is defined in $GIT_DIR/branches/$there
behaves more like what cg-push from Cogito used to work.
* when giving up resolving a conflicted merge, "git reset --hard" failed
to remove new paths from the working tree.
* "git tag" did not complain when given mutually incompatible set of options.
* The message constructed in the internal editor was discarded when "git
tag -s" failed to sign the message, which was often caused by the user
not configuring GPG correctly.
* "make check" cannot be run without sparse; people may have meant to say
"make test" instead, so suggest that.
* Internal diff machinery had a corner case performance bug that choked on
a large file with many repeated contents.
* "git repack" used to grab objects out of packs marked with .keep
into a new pack.
* Many unsafe call to sprintf() style varargs functions are corrected.
* Also contains quite a few documentation updates.

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GIT v1.6.0.6 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since 1.6.0.5
-------------------
* "git fsck" had a deep recursion that wasted stack space.
* "git fast-export" and "git fast-import" choked on an old style
annotated tag that lack the tagger information.
* "git mergetool -- file" did not correctly skip "--" marker that
signals the end of options list.
* "git show $tag" segfaulted when an annotated $tag pointed at a
nonexistent object.
* "git show 2>error" when the standard output is automatically redirected
to the pager redirected the standard error to the pager as well; there
was no need to.
* "git send-email" did not correctly handle list of addresses when
they had quoted comma (e.g. "Lastname, Givenname" <mail@addre.ss>).
* Logic to discover branch ancestry in "git svn" was unreliable when
the process to fetch history was interrupted.
* Removed support for an obsolete gitweb request URI, whose
implementation ran "git diff" Porcelain, instead of using plumbing,
which would have run an external diff command specified in the
repository configuration as the gitweb user.
Also contains numerous documentation typofixes.

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GIT v1.6.0 Release Notes
========================
User visible changes
--------------------
With the default Makefile settings, most of the programs are now
installed outside your $PATH, except for "git", "gitk" and
some server side programs that need to be accessible for technical
reasons. Invoking a git subcommand as "git-xyzzy" from the command
line has been deprecated since early 2006 (and officially announced in
1.5.4 release notes); use of them from your scripts after adding
output from "git --exec-path" to the $PATH is still supported in this
release, but users are again strongly encouraged to adjust their
scripts to use "git xyzzy" form, as we will stop installing
"git-xyzzy" hardlinks for built-in commands in later releases.
An earlier change to page "git status" output was overwhelmingly unpopular
and has been reverted.
Source changes needed for porting to MinGW environment are now all in the
main git.git codebase.
By default, packfiles created with this version uses delta-base-offset
encoding introduced in v1.4.4. Pack idx files are using version 2 that
allows larger packs and added robustness thanks to its CRC checking,
introduced in v1.5.2 and v1.4.4.5. If you want to keep your repositories
backwards compatible past these versions, set repack.useDeltaBaseOffset
to false or pack.indexVersion to 1, respectively.
We used to prevent sample hook scripts shipped in templates/ from
triggering by default by relying on the fact that we install them as
unexecutable, but on some filesystems, this approach does not work.
They are now shipped with ".sample" suffix. If you want to activate
any of these samples as-is, rename them to drop the ".sample" suffix,
instead of running "chmod +x" on them. For example, you can rename
hooks/post-update.sample to hooks/post-update to enable the sample
hook that runs update-server-info, in order to make repositories
friendly to dumb protocols (i.e. HTTP).
GIT_CONFIG, which was only documented as affecting "git config", but
actually affected all git commands, now only affects "git config".
GIT_LOCAL_CONFIG, also only documented as affecting "git config" and
not different from GIT_CONFIG in a useful way, is removed.
The ".dotest" temporary area "git am" and "git rebase" use is now moved
inside the $GIT_DIR, to avoid mistakes of adding it to the project by
accident.
An ancient merge strategy "stupid" has been removed.
Updates since v1.5.6
--------------------
(subsystems)
* git-p4 in contrib learned "allowSubmit" configuration to control on
which branch to allow "submit" subcommand.
* git-gui learned to stage changes per-line.
(portability)
* Changes for MinGW port have been merged, thanks to Johannes Sixt and
gangs.
* Sample hook scripts shipped in templates/ are now suffixed with
*.sample.
* perl's in-place edit (-i) does not work well without backup files on Windows;
some tests are rewritten to cope with this.
(documentation)
* Updated howto/update-hook-example
* Got rid of usage of "git-foo" from the tutorial and made typography
more consistent.
* Disambiguating "--" between revs and paths is finally documented.
(performance, robustness, sanity etc.)
* index-pack used too much memory when dealing with a deep delta chain.
This has been optimized.
* reduced excessive inlining to shrink size of the "git" binary.
* verify-pack checks the object CRC when using version 2 idx files.
* When an object is corrupt in a pack, the object became unusable even
when the same object is available in a loose form, We now try harder to
fall back to these redundant objects when able. In particular, "git
repack -a -f" can be used to fix such a corruption as long as necessary
objects are available.
* Performance of "git-blame -C -C" operation is vastly improved.
* git-clone does not create refs in loose form anymore (it behaves as
if you immediately ran git-pack-refs after cloning). This will help
repositories with insanely large number of refs.
* core.fsyncobjectfiles configuration can be used to ensure that the loose
objects created will be fsync'ed (this is only useful on filesystems
that does not order data writes properly).
* "git commit-tree" plumbing can make Octopus with more than 16 parents.
"git commit" has been capable of this for quite some time.
(usability, bells and whistles)
* even more documentation pages are now accessible via "man" and "git help".
* A new environment variable GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES can be used to stop
the discovery process of the toplevel of working tree; this may be useful
when you are working in a slow network disk and are outside any working tree,
as bash-completion and "git help" may still need to run in these places.
* By default, stash entries never expire. Set reflogexpire in [gc
"refs/stash"] to a reasonable value to get traditional auto-expiration
behaviour back
* Longstanding latency issue with bash completion script has been
addressed. This will need to be backmerged to 'maint' later.
* pager.<cmd> configuration variable can be used to enable/disable the
default paging behaviour per command.
* "git-add -i" has a new action 'e/dit' to allow you edit the patch hunk
manually.
* git-am records the original tip of the branch in ORIG_HEAD before it
starts applying patches.
* git-apply can handle a patch that touches the same path more than once
much better than before.
* git-apply can be told not to trust the line counts recorded in the input
patch but recount, with the new --recount option.
* git-apply can be told to apply a patch to a path deeper than what the
patch records with --directory option.
* git-archive can be told to omit certain paths from its output using
export-ignore attributes.
* git-archive uses the zlib default compression level when creating
zip archive.
* git-archive's command line options --exec and --remote can take their
parameters as separate command line arguments, similar to other commands.
IOW, both "--exec=path" and "--exec path" are now supported.
* With -v option, git-branch describes the remote tracking statistics
similar to the way git-checkout reports by how many commits your branch
is ahead/behind.
* git-branch's --contains option used to always require a commit parameter
to limit the branches with; it now defaults to list branches that
contains HEAD if this parameter is omitted.
* git-branch's --merged and --no-merged option used to always limit the
branches relative to the HEAD, but they can now take an optional commit
argument that is used in place of HEAD.
* git-bundle can read the revision arguments from the standard input.
* git-cherry-pick can replay a root commit now.
* git-clone can clone from a remote whose URL would be rewritten by
configuration stored in $HOME/.gitconfig now.
* "git-clone --mirror" is a handy way to set up a bare mirror repository.
* git-cvsserver learned to respond to "cvs co -c".
* git-diff --check now checks leftover merge conflict markers.
* "git-diff -p" learned to grab a better hunk header lines in
BibTex, Pascal/Delphi, and Ruby files and also pays attention to
chapter and part boundary in TeX documents.
* When remote side used to have branch 'foo' and git-fetch finds that now
it has branch 'foo/bar', it refuses to lose the existing remote tracking
branch and its reflog. The error message has been improved to suggest
pruning the remote if the user wants to proceed and get the latest set
of branches from the remote, including such 'foo/bar'.
* fast-export learned to export and import marks file; this can be used to
interface with fast-import incrementally.
* fast-import and fast-export learned to export and import gitlinks.
* "gitk" left background process behind after being asked to dig very deep
history and the user killed the UI; the process is killed when the UI goes
away now.
* git-rebase records the original tip of branch in ORIG_HEAD before it is
rewound.
* "git rerere" can be told to update the index with auto-reused resolution
with rerere.autoupdate configuration variable.
* git-rev-parse learned $commit^! and $commit^@ notations used in "log"
family. These notations are available in gitk as well, because the gitk
command internally uses rev-parse to interpret its arguments.
* git-rev-list learned --children option to show child commits it
encountered during the traversal, instead of showing parent commits.
* git-send-mail can talk not just over SSL but over TLS now.
* git-shortlog honors custom output format specified with "--pretty=format:".
* "git-stash save" learned --keep-index option. This lets you stash away the
local changes and bring the changes staged in the index to your working
tree for examination and testing.
* git-stash also learned branch subcommand to create a new branch out of
stashed changes.
* git-status gives the remote tracking statistics similar to the way
git-checkout reports by how many commits your branch is ahead/behind.
* "git-svn dcommit" is now aware of auto-props setting the subversion user
has.
* You can tell "git status -u" to even more aggressively omit checking
untracked files with --untracked-files=no.
* Original SHA-1 value for "update-ref -d" is optional now.
* Error codes from gitweb are made more descriptive where possible, rather
than "403 forbidden" as we used to issue everywhere.
(internal)
* git-merge has been reimplemented in C.
Fixes since v1.5.6
------------------
All of the fixes in v1.5.6 maintenance series are included in
this release, unless otherwise noted.
* git-clone ignored its -u option; the fix needs to be backported to
'maint';
* git-mv used to lose the distinction between changes that are staged
and that are only in the working tree, by staging both in the index
after moving such a path.
* "git-rebase -i -p" rewrote the parents to wrong ones when amending
(either edit or squash) was involved, and did not work correctly
when fast forwarding.

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GIT v1.6.1.1 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.6.1
------------------
* "git add frotz/nitfol" when "frotz" is a submodule should have errored
out, but it didn't.
* "git apply" took file modes from the patch text and updated the mode
bits of the target tree even when the patch was not about mode changes.
* "git bisect view" on Cygwin did not launch gitk
* "git checkout $tree" did not trigger an error.
* "git commit" tried to remove COMMIT_EDITMSG from the work tree by mistake.
* "git describe --all" complained when a commit is described with a tag,
which was nonsense.
* "git diff --no-index --" did not trigger no-index (aka "use git-diff as
a replacement of diff on untracked files") behaviour.
* "git format-patch -1 HEAD" on a root commit failed to produce patch
text.
* "git fsck branch" did not work as advertised; instead it behaved the same
way as "git fsck".
* "git log --pretty=format:%s" did not handle a multi-line subject the
same way as built-in log listers (i.e. shortlog, --pretty=oneline, etc.)
* "git daemon", and "git merge-file" are more careful when freopen fails
and barf, instead of going on and writing to unopened filehandle.
* "git http-push" did not like some RFC 4918 compliant DAV server
responses.
* "git merge -s recursive" mistakenly overwritten an untracked file in the
work tree upon delete/modify conflict.
* "git merge -s recursive" didn't leave the index unmerged for entries with
rename/delete conflicts.
* "git merge -s recursive" clobbered untracked files in the work tree.
* "git mv -k" with more than one erroneous paths misbehaved.
* "git read-tree -m -u" hence branch switching incorrectly lost a
subdirectory in rare cases.
* "git rebase -i" issued an unnecessary error message upon a user error of
marking the first commit to be "squash"ed.
* "git shortlog" did not format a commit message with multi-line
subject correctly.
Many documentation updates.

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GIT v1.6.1.2 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.6.1.1
--------------------
* The logic for rename detection in internal diff used by commands like
"git diff" and "git blame" has been optimized to avoid loading the same
blob repeatedly.
* We did not allow writing out a blob that is larger than 2GB for no good
reason.
* "git format-patch -o $dir", when $dir is a relative directory, used it
as relative to the root of the work tree, not relative to the current
directory.
* v1.6.1 introduced an optimization for "git push" into a repository (A)
that borrows its objects from another repository (B) to avoid sending
objects that are available in repository B, when they are not yet used
by repository A. However the code on the "git push" sender side was
buggy and did not work when repository B had new objects that are not
known by the sender. This caused pushing into a "forked" repository
served by v1.6.1 software using "git push" from v1.6.1 sometimes did not
work. The bug was purely on the "git push" sender side, and has been
corrected.
* "git status -v" did not paint its diff output in colour even when
color.ui configuration was set.
* "git ls-tree" learned --full-tree option to help Porcelain scripts that
want to always see the full path regardless of the current working
directory.
* "git grep" incorrectly searched in work tree paths even when they are
marked as assume-unchanged. It now searches in the index entries.
* "git gc" with no grace period needlessly ejected packed but unreachable
objects in their loose form, only to delete them right away.

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GIT v1.6.1.3 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.6.1.2
--------------------
* "git diff --binary | git apply" pipeline did not work well when
a binary blob is changed to a symbolic link.
* Some combinations of -b/-w/--ignore-space-at-eol to "git diff" did
not work as expected.
* "git grep" did not pass the -I (ignore binary) option when
calling out an external grep program.
* "git log" and friends include HEAD to the set of starting points
when --all is given. This makes a difference when you are not
on any branch.
* "git mv" to move an untracked file to overwrite a tracked
contents misbehaved.
* "git merge -s octopus" with many potential merge bases did not
work correctly.
* RPM binary package installed the html manpages in a wrong place.
Also includes minor documentation fixes and updates.
--
git shortlog --no-merges v1.6.1.2-33-gc789350..

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GIT v1.6.1.4 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.6.1.3
--------------------
* .gitignore learned to handle backslash as a quoting mechanism for
comment introduction character "#".
This fix was first merged to 1.6.2.1.
* "git fast-export" produced wrong output with some parents missing from
commits, when the history is clock-skewed.
* "git fast-import" sometimes failed to read back objects it just wrote
out and aborted, because it failed to flush stale cached data.
* "git-ls-tree" and "git-diff-tree" used a pathspec correctly when
deciding to descend into a subdirectory but they did not match the
individual paths correctly. This caused pathspecs "abc/d ab" to match
"abc/0" ("abc/d" made them decide to descend into the directory "abc/",
and then "ab" incorrectly matched "abc/0" when it shouldn't).
This fix was first merged to 1.6.2.3.
* import-zips script (in contrib) did not compute the common directory
prefix correctly.
This fix was first merged to 1.6.2.2.
* "git init" segfaulted when given an overlong template location via
the --template= option.
This fix was first merged to 1.6.2.4.
* "git repack" did not error out when necessary object was missing in the
repository.
* git-repack (invoked from git-gc) did not work as nicely as it should in
a repository that borrows objects from neighbours via alternates
mechanism especially when some packs are marked with the ".keep" flag
to prevent them from being repacked.
This fix was first merged to 1.6.2.3.
Also includes minor documentation fixes and updates.
--
git shortlog --no-merges v1.6.1.3..

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GIT v1.6.1 Release Notes
========================
Updates since v1.6.0
--------------------
When some commands (e.g. "git log", "git diff") spawn pager internally, we
used to make the pager the parent process of the git command that produces
output. This meant that the exit status of the whole thing comes from the
pager, not the underlying git command. We swapped the order of the
processes around and you will see the exit code from the command from now
on.
(subsystems)
* gitk can call out to git-gui to view "git blame" output; git-gui in turn
can run gitk from its blame view.
* Various git-gui updates including updated translations.
* Various gitweb updates from repo.or.cz installation.
* Updates to emacs bindings.
(portability)
* A few test scripts used nonportable "grep" that did not work well on
some platforms, e.g. Solaris.
* Sample pre-auto-gc script has OS X support.
* Makefile has support for (ancient) FreeBSD 4.9.
(performance)
* Many operations that are lstat(3) heavy can be told to pre-execute
necessary lstat(3) in parallel before their main operations, which
potentially gives much improved performance for cold-cache cases or in
environments with weak metadata caching (e.g. NFS).
* The underlying diff machinery to produce textual output has been
optimized, which would result in faster "git blame" processing.
* Most of the test scripts (but not the ones that try to run servers)
can be run in parallel.
* Bash completion of refnames in a repository with massive number of
refs has been optimized.
* Cygwin port uses native stat/lstat implementations when applicable,
which leads to improved performance.
* "git push" pays attention to alternate repositories to avoid sending
unnecessary objects.
* "git svn" can rebuild an out-of-date rev_map file.
(usability, bells and whistles)
* When you mistype a command name, git helpfully suggests what it guesses
you might have meant to say. help.autocorrect configuration can be set
to a non-zero value to accept the suggestion when git can uniquely
guess.
* The packfile machinery hopefully is more robust when dealing with
corrupt packs if redundant objects involved in the corruption are
available elsewhere.
* "git add -N path..." adds the named paths as an empty blob, so that
subsequent "git diff" will show a diff as if they are creation events.
* "git add" gained a built-in synonym for people who want to say "stage
changes" instead of "add contents to the staging area" which amounts
to the same thing.
* "git apply" learned --include=paths option, similar to the existing
--exclude=paths option.
* "git bisect" is careful about a user mistake and suggests testing of
merge base first when good is not a strict ancestor of bad.
* "git bisect skip" can take a range of commits.
* "git blame" re-encodes the commit metainfo to UTF-8 from i18n.commitEncoding
by default.
* "git check-attr --stdin" can check attributes for multiple paths.
* "git checkout --track origin/hack" used to be a syntax error. It now
DWIMs to create a corresponding local branch "hack", i.e. acts as if you
said "git checkout --track -b hack origin/hack".
* "git checkout --ours/--theirs" can be used to check out one side of a
conflicting merge during conflict resolution.
* "git checkout -m" can be used to recreate the initial conflicted state
during conflict resolution.
* "git cherry-pick" can also utilize rerere for conflict resolution.
* "git clone" learned to be verbose with -v
* "git commit --author=$name" can look up author name from existing
commits.
* output from "git commit" has been reworded in a more concise and yet
more informative way.
* "git count-objects" reports the on-disk footprint for packfiles and
their corresponding idx files.
* "git daemon" learned --max-connections=<count> option.
* "git daemon" exports REMOTE_ADDR to record client address, so that
spawned programs can act differently on it.
* "git describe --tags" favours closer lightweight tags than farther
annotated tags now.
* "git diff" learned to mimic --suppress-blank-empty from GNU diff via a
configuration option.
* "git diff" learned to put more sensible hunk headers for Python,
HTML and ObjC contents.
* "git diff" learned to vary the a/ vs b/ prefix depending on what are
being compared, controlled by diff.mnemonicprefix configuration.
* "git diff" learned --dirstat-by-file to count changed files, not number
of lines, when summarizing the global picture.
* "git diff" learned "textconv" filters --- a binary or hard-to-read
contents can be munged into human readable form and the difference
between the results of the conversion can be viewed (obviously this
cannot produce a patch that can be applied, so this is disabled in
format-patch among other things).
* "--cached" option to "git diff has an easier to remember synonym "--staged",
to ask "what is the difference between the given commit and the
contents staged in the index?"
* "git for-each-ref" learned "refname:short" token that gives an
unambiguously abbreviated refname.
* Auto-numbering of the subject lines is the default for "git
format-patch" now.
* "git grep" learned to accept -z similar to GNU grep.
* "git help" learned to use GIT_MAN_VIEWER environment variable before
using "man" program.
* "git imap-send" can optionally talk SSL.
* "git index-pack" is more careful against disk corruption while
completing a thin pack.
* "git log --check" and "git log --exit-code" passes their underlying diff
status with their exit status code.
* "git log" learned --simplify-merges, a milder variant of --full-history;
"gitk --simplify-merges" is easier to view than with --full-history.
* "git log" learned "--source" to show what ref each commit was reached
from.
* "git log" also learned "--simplify-by-decoration" to show the
birds-eye-view of the topology of the history.
* "git log --pretty=format:" learned "%d" format element that inserts
names of tags that point at the commit.
* "git merge --squash" and "git merge --no-ff" into an unborn branch are
noticed as user errors.
* "git merge -s $strategy" can use a custom built strategy if you have a
command "git-merge-$strategy" on your $PATH.
* "git pull" (and "git fetch") can be told to operate "-v"erbosely or
"-q"uietly.
* "git push" can be told to reject deletion of refs with receive.denyDeletes
configuration.
* "git rebase" honours pre-rebase hook; use --no-verify to bypass it.
* "git rebase -p" uses interactive rebase machinery now to preserve the merges.
* "git reflog expire branch" can be used in place of "git reflog expire
refs/heads/branch".
* "git remote show $remote" lists remote branches one-per-line now.
* "git send-email" can be given revision range instead of files and
maildirs on the command line, and automatically runs format-patch to
generate patches for the given revision range.
* "git submodule foreach" subcommand allows you to iterate over checked
out submodules.
* "git submodule sync" subcommands allows you to update the origin URL
recorded in submodule directories from the toplevel .gitmodules file.
* "git svn branch" can create new branches on the other end.
* "gitweb" can use more saner PATH_INFO based URL.
(internal)
* "git hash-object" learned to lie about the path being hashed, so that
correct gitattributes processing can be done while hashing contents
stored in a temporary file.
* various callers of git-merge-recursive avoid forking it as an external
process.
* Git class defined in "Git.pm" can be subclasses a bit more easily.
* We used to link GNU regex library as a compatibility layer for some
platforms, but it turns out it is not necessary on most of them.
* Some path handling routines used fixed number of buffers used alternately
but depending on the call depth, this arrangement led to hard to track
bugs. This issue is being addressed.
Fixes since v1.6.0
------------------
All of the fixes in v1.6.0.X maintenance series are included in this
release, unless otherwise noted.
* Porcelains implemented as shell scripts were utterly confused when you
entered to a subdirectory of a work tree from sideways, following a
symbolic link (this may need to be backported to older releases later).
* Tracking symbolic links would work better on filesystems whose lstat()
returns incorrect st_size value for them.
* "git add" and "git update-index" incorrectly allowed adding S/F when S
is a tracked symlink that points at a directory D that has a path F in
it (we still need to fix a similar nonsense when S is a submodule and F
is a path in it).
* "git am" after stopping at a broken patch lost --whitespace, -C, -p and
--3way options given from the command line initially.
* "git diff --stdin" used to take two trees on a line and compared them,
but we dropped support for such a use case long time ago. This has
been resurrected.
* "git filter-branch" failed to rewrite a tag name with slashes in it.
* "git http-push" did not understand URI scheme other than opaquelocktoken
when acquiring a lock from the server (this may need to be backported to
older releases later).
* After "git rebase -p" stopped with conflicts while replaying a merge,
"git rebase --continue" did not work (may need to be backported to older
releases).
* "git revert" records relative to which parent a revert was made when
reverting a merge. Together with new documentation that explains issues
around reverting a merge and merging from the updated branch later, this
hopefully will reduce user confusion (this may need to be backported to
older releases later).
* "git rm --cached" used to allow an empty blob that was added earlier to
be removed without --force, even when the file in the work tree has
since been modified.
* "git push --tags --all $there" failed with generic usage message without
telling saying these two options are incompatible.
* "git log --author/--committer" match used to potentially match the
timestamp part, exposing internal implementation detail. Also these did
not work with --fixed-strings match at all.
* "gitweb" did not mark non-ASCII characters imported from external HTML fragments
correctly.
--
exec >/var/tmp/1
O=v1.6.1-rc3-74-gf66bc5f
echo O=$(git describe master)
git shortlog --no-merges $O..master ^maint

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GIT v1.6.2.1 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.6.2
------------------
* .gitignore learned to handle backslash as a quoting mechanism for
comment introduction character "#".
* timestamp output in --date=relative mode used to display timestamps that
are long time ago in the default mode; it now uses "N years M months
ago", and "N years ago".
* git-add -i/-p now works with non-ASCII pathnames.
* "git hash-object -w" did not read from the configuration file from the
correct .git directory.
* git-send-email learned to correctly handle multiple Cc: addresses.

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GIT v1.6.2.2 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.6.2.1
--------------------
* A longstanding confusing description of what --pickaxe option of
git-diff does has been clarified in the documentation.
* "git-blame -S" did not quite work near the commits that were given
on the command line correctly.
* "git diff --pickaxe-regexp" did not count overlapping matches
correctly.
* "git diff" did not feed files in work-tree representation to external
diff and textconv.
* "git-fetch" in a repository that was not cloned from anywhere said
it cannot find 'origin', which was hard to understand for new people.
* "git-format-patch --numbered-files --stdout" did not have to die of
incompatible options; it now simply ignores --numbered-files as no files
are produced anyway.
* "git-ls-files --deleted" did not work well with GIT_DIR&GIT_WORK_TREE.
* "git-read-tree A B C..." without -m option has been broken for a long
time.
* git-send-email ignored --in-reply-to when --no-thread was given.
* 'git-submodule add' did not tolerate extra slashes and ./ in the path it
accepted from the command line; it now is more lenient.
* git-svn misbehaved when the project contained a path that began with
two dashes.
* import-zips script (in contrib) did not compute the common directory
prefix correctly.
* miscompilation of negated enum constants by old gcc (2.9) affected the
codepaths to spawn subprocesses.
Many small documentation updates are included as well.

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GIT v1.6.2.3 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.6.2.2
--------------------
* Setting an octal mode value to core.sharedrepository configuration to
restrict access to the repository to group members did not work as
advertised.
* A fairly large and trivial memory leak while rev-list shows list of
reachable objects has been identified and plugged.
* "git-commit --interactive" did not abort when underlying "git-add -i"
signaled a failure.
* git-repack (invoked from git-gc) did not work as nicely as it should in
a repository that borrows objects from neighbours via alternates
mechanism especially when some packs are marked with the ".keep" flag
to prevent them from being repacked.
Many small documentation updates are included as well.

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GIT v1.6.2.4 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.6.2.3
--------------------
* The configuration parser had a buffer overflow while parsing an overlong
value.
* pruning reflog entries that are unreachable from the tip of the ref
during "git reflog prune" (hence "git gc") was very inefficient.
* "git-add -p" lacked a way to say "q"uit to refuse staging any hunks for
the remaining paths. You had to say "d" and then ^C.
* "git-checkout <tree-ish> <submodule>" did not update the index entry at
the named path; it now does.
* "git-fast-export" choked when seeing a tag that does not point at commit.
* "git init" segfaulted when given an overlong template location via
the --template= option.
* "git-ls-tree" and "git-diff-tree" used a pathspec correctly when
deciding to descend into a subdirectory but they did not match the
individual paths correctly. This caused pathspecs "abc/d ab" to match
"abc/0" ("abc/d" made them decide to descend into the directory "abc/",
and then "ab" incorrectly matched "abc/0" when it shouldn't).
* "git-merge-recursive" was broken when a submodule entry was involved in
a criss-cross merge situation.
Many small documentation updates are included as well.
---
exec >/var/tmp/1
echo O=$(git describe maint)
O=v1.6.2.3-38-g318b847
git shortlog --no-merges $O..maint

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GIT v1.6.2.5 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.6.2.4
--------------------
* "git apply" mishandled if you fed a git generated patch that renames
file A to B and file B to A at the same time.
* "git diff -c -p" (and "diff --cc") did not expect to see submodule
differences and instead refused to work.
* "git grep -e '('" segfaulted, instead of diagnosing a mismatched
parentheses error.
* "git fetch" generated packs with offset-delta encoding when both ends of
the connection are capable of producing one; this cannot be read by
ancient git and the user should be able to disable this by setting
repack.usedeltabaseoffset configuration to false.

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GIT v1.6.2 Release Notes
========================
With the next major release, "git push" into a branch that is
currently checked out will be refused by default. You can choose
what should happen upon such a push by setting the configuration
variable receive.denyCurrentBranch in the receiving repository.
To ease the transition plan, the receiving repository of such a
push running this release will issue a big warning when the
configuration variable is missing. Please refer to:
http://git.or.cz/gitwiki/GitFaq#non-bare
http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/107758/focus=108007
for more details on the reason why this change is needed and the
transition plan.
For a similar reason, "git push $there :$killed" to delete the branch
$killed in a remote repository $there, if $killed branch is the current
branch pointed at by its HEAD, gets a large warning. You can choose what
should happen upon such a push by setting the configuration variable
receive.denyDeleteCurrent in the receiving repository.
Updates since v1.6.1
--------------------
(subsystems)
* git-svn updates.
* gitweb updates, including a new patch view and RSS/Atom feed
improvements.
* (contrib/emacs) git.el now has commands for checking out a branch,
creating a branch, cherry-picking and reverting commits; vc-git.el
is not shipped with git anymore (it is part of official Emacs).
(performance)
* pack-objects autodetects the number of CPUs available and uses threaded
version.
(usability, bells and whistles)
* automatic typo correction works on aliases as well
* @{-1} is a way to refer to the last branch you were on. This is
accepted not only where an object name is expected, but anywhere
a branch name is expected and acts as if you typed the branch name.
E.g. "git branch --track mybranch @{-1}", "git merge @{-1}", and
"git rev-parse --symbolic-full-name @{-1}" would work as expected.
* When refs/remotes/origin/HEAD points at a remote tracking branch that
has been pruned away, many git operations issued warning when they
internally enumerated the refs. We now warn only when you say "origin"
to refer to that pruned branch.
* The location of .mailmap file can be configured, and its file format was
enhanced to allow mapping an incorrect e-mail field as well.
* "git add -p" learned 'g'oto action to jump directly to a hunk.
* "git add -p" learned to find a hunk with given text with '/'.
* "git add -p" optionally can be told to work with just the command letter
without Enter.
* when "git am" stops upon a patch that does not apply, it shows the
title of the offending patch.
* "git am --directory=<dir>" and "git am --reject" passes these options
to underlying "git apply".
* "git am" learned --ignore-date option.
* "git blame" aligns author names better when they are spelled in
non US-ASCII encoding.
* "git clone" now makes its best effort when cloning from an empty
repository to set up configuration variables to refer to the remote
repository.
* "git checkout -" is a shorthand for "git checkout @{-1}".
* "git cherry" defaults to whatever the current branch is tracking (if
exists) when the <upstream> argument is not given.
* "git cvsserver" can be told not to add extra "via git-CVS emulator" to
the commit log message it serves via gitcvs.commitmsgannotation
configuration.
* "git cvsserver" learned to handle 'noop' command some CVS clients seem
to expect to work.
* "git diff" learned a new option --inter-hunk-context to coalesce close
hunks together and show context between them.
* The definition of what constitutes a word for "git diff --color-words"
can be customized via gitattributes, command line or a configuration.
* "git diff" learned --patience to run "patience diff" algorithm.
* "git filter-branch" learned --prune-empty option that discards commits
that do not change the contents.
* "git fsck" now checks loose objects in alternate object stores, instead
of misreporting them as missing.
* "git gc --prune" was resurrected to allow "git gc --no-prune" and
giving non-default expiration period e.g. "git gc --prune=now".
* "git grep -w" and "git grep" for fixed strings have been optimized.
* "git mergetool" learned -y(--no-prompt) option to disable prompting.
* "git rebase -i" can transplant a history down to root to elsewhere
with --root option.
* "git reset --merge" is a new mode that works similar to the way
"git checkout" switches branches, taking the local changes while
switching to another commit.
* "git submodule update" learned --no-fetch option.
* "git tag" learned --contains that works the same way as the same option
from "git branch".
Fixes since v1.6.1
------------------
All of the fixes in v1.6.1.X maintenance series are included in this
release, unless otherwise noted.
Here are fixes that this release has, but have not been backported to
v1.6.1.X series.
* "git-add sub/file" when sub is a submodule incorrectly added the path to
the superproject.
* "git bundle" did not exclude annotated tags even when a range given
from the command line wanted to.
* "git filter-branch" unnecessarily refused to work when you had
checked out a different commit from what is recorded in the superproject
index in a submodule.
* "git filter-branch" incorrectly tried to update a nonexistent work tree
at the end when it is run in a bare repository.
* "git gc" did not work if your repository was created with an ancient git
and never had any pack files in it before.
* "git mergetool" used to ignore autocrlf and other attributes
based content rewriting.
* branch switching and merges had a silly bug that did not validate
the correct directory when making sure an existing subdirectory is
clean.
* "git -p cmd" when cmd is not a built-in one left the display in funny state
when killed in the middle.

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@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
GIT v1.6.3.1 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.6.3
------------------
* "git checkout -b new-branch" with a staged change in the index
incorrectly primed the in-index cache-tree, resulting a wrong tree
object to be written out of the index. This is a grave regression
since the last 1.6.2.X maintenance release.

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GIT v1.6.3.2 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.6.3.1
--------------------
* A few codepaths picked up the first few bytes from an sha1[] by
casting the (char *) pointer to (int *); GCC 4.4 did not like this,
and aborted compilation.
* Some unlink(2) failures went undiagnosed.
* The "recursive" merge strategy misbehaved when faced rename/delete
conflicts while coming up with an intermediate merge base.
* The low-level merge algorithm did not handle a degenerate case of
merging a file with itself using itself as the common ancestor
gracefully. It should produce the file itself, but instead
produced an empty result.
* GIT_TRACE mechanism segfaulted when tracing a shell-quoted aliases.
* OpenBSD also uses st_ctimspec in "struct stat", instead of "st_ctim".
* With NO_CROSS_DIRECTORY_HARDLINKS, "make install" can be told not to
create hardlinks between $(gitexecdir)/git-$builtin_commands and
$(bindir)/git.
* command completion code in bash did not reliably detect that we are
in a bare repository.
* "git add ." in an empty directory complained that pathspec "." did not
match anything, which may be technically correct, but not useful. We
silently make it a no-op now.
* "git add -p" (and "patch" action in "git add -i") was broken when
the first hunk that adds a line at the top was split into two and
both halves are marked to be used.
* "git blame path" misbehaved at the commit where path became file
from a directory with some files in it.
* "git for-each-ref" had a segfaulting bug when dealing with a tag object
created by an ancient git.
* "git format-patch -k" still added patch numbers if format.numbered
configuration was set.
* "git grep --color ''" did not terminate. The command also had
subtle bugs with its -w option.
* http-push had a small use-after-free bug.
* "git push" was converting OFS_DELTA pack representation into less
efficient REF_DELTA representation unconditionally upon transfer,
making the transferred data unnecessarily larger.
* "git remote show origin" segfaulted when origin was still empty.
Many other general usability updates around help text, diagnostic messages
and documentation are included as well.

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GIT v1.6.3.3 Release Notes
==========================
Fixes since v1.6.3.2
--------------------
* "git archive" running on Cygwin can get stuck in an infinite loop.
* "git daemon" did not correctly parse the initial line that carries
virtual host request information.
* "git diff --textconv" leaked memory badly when the textconv filter
errored out.
* The built-in regular expressions to pick function names to put on
hunk header lines for java and objc were very inefficiently written.
* in certain error situations git-fetch (and git-clone) on Windows didn't
detect connection abort and ended up waiting indefinitely.
* import-tars script (in contrib) did not import symbolic links correctly.
* http.c used CURLOPT_SSLKEY even on libcURL version 7.9.2, even though
it was only available starting 7.9.3.
* low-level filelevel merge driver used return value from strdup()
without checking if we ran out of memory.
* "git rebase -i" left stray closing parenthesis in its reflog message.
* "git remote show" did not show all the URLs associated with the named
remote, even though "git remote -v" did. Made them consistent by
making the former show all URLs.
* "whitespace" attribute that is set was meant to detect all errors known
to git, but it told git to ignore trailing carriage-returns.
Includes other documentation fixes.

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GIT v1.6.3 Release Notes
========================
With the next major release, "git push" into a branch that is
currently checked out will be refused by default. You can choose
what should happen upon such a push by setting the configuration
variable receive.denyCurrentBranch in the receiving repository.
To ease the transition plan, the receiving repository of such a
push running this release will issue a big warning when the
configuration variable is missing. Please refer to:
http://git.or.cz/gitwiki/GitFaq#non-bare
http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/107758/focus=108007
for more details on the reason why this change is needed and the
transition plan.
For a similar reason, "git push $there :$killed" to delete the branch
$killed in a remote repository $there, if $killed branch is the current
branch pointed at by its HEAD, gets a large warning. You can choose what
should happen upon such a push by setting the configuration variable
receive.denyDeleteCurrent in the receiving repository.
When the user does not tell "git push" what to push, it has always
pushed matching refs. For some people it is unexpected, and a new
configuration variable push.default has been introduced to allow
changing a different default behaviour. To advertise the new feature,
a big warning is issued if this is not configured and a git push without
arguments is attempted.
Updates since v1.6.2
--------------------
(subsystems)
* various git-svn updates.
* git-gui updates, including an update to Russian translation, and a
fix to an infinite loop when showing an empty diff.
* gitk updates, including an update to Russian translation and improved Windows
support.
(performance)
* many uses of lstat(2) in the codepath for "git checkout" have been
optimized out.
(usability, bells and whistles)
* Boolean configuration variable yes/no can be written as on/off.
* rsync:/path/to/repo can be used to run git over rsync for local
repositories. It may not be useful in practice; meant primarily for
testing.
* http transport learned to prompt and use password when fetching from or
pushing to http://user@host.xz/ URL.
* (msysgit) progress output that is sent over the sideband protocol can
be handled appropriately in Windows console.
* "--pretty=<style>" option to the log family of commands can now be
spelled as "--format=<style>". In addition, --format=%formatstring
is a short-hand for --pretty=tformat:%formatstring.
* "--oneline" is a synonym for "--pretty=oneline --abbrev-commit".
* "--graph" to the "git log" family can draw the commit ancestry graph
in colors.
* If you realize that you botched the patch when you are editing hunks
with the 'edit' action in git-add -i/-p, you can abort the editor to
tell git not to apply it.
* @{-1} is a new way to refer to the last branch you were on introduced in
1.6.2, but the initial implementation did not teach this to a few
commands. Now the syntax works with "branch -m @{-1} newname".
* git-archive learned --output=<file> option.
* git-archive takes attributes from the tree being archived; strictly
speaking, this is an incompatible behaviour change, but is a good one.
Use --worktree-attributes option to allow it to read attributes from
the work tree as before (deprecated git-tar tree command always reads
attributes from the work tree).
* git-bisect shows not just the number of remaining commits whose goodness
is unknown, but also shows the estimated number of remaining rounds.
* You can give --date=<format> option to git-blame.
* "git-branch -r" shows HEAD symref that points at a remote branch in
interest of each tracked remote repository.
* "git-branch -v -v" is a new way to get list of names for branches and the
"upstream" branch for them.
* git-config learned -e option to open an editor to edit the config file
directly.
* git-clone runs post-checkout hook when run without --no-checkout.
* git-difftool is now part of the officially supported command, primarily
maintained by David Aguilar.
* git-for-each-ref learned a new "upstream" token.
* git-format-patch can be told to use attachment with a new configuration,
format.attach.
* git-format-patch can be told to produce deep or shallow message threads.
* git-format-patch can be told to always add sign-off with a configuration
variable.
* git-format-patch learned format.headers configuration to add extra
header fields to the output. This behaviour is similar to the existing
--add-header=<header> option of the command.
* git-format-patch gives human readable names to the attached files, when
told to send patches as attachments.
* git-grep learned to highlight the found substrings in color.
* git-imap-send learned to work around Thunderbird's inability to easily
disable format=flowed with a new configuration, imap.preformattedHTML.
* git-rebase can be told to rebase the series even if your branch is a
descendant of the commit you are rebasing onto with --force-rebase
option.
* git-rebase can be told to report diffstat with the --stat option.
* Output from git-remote command has been vastly improved.
* "git remote update --prune $remote" updates from the named remote and
then prunes stale tracking branches.
* git-send-email learned --confirm option to review the Cc: list before
sending the messages out.
(developers)
* Test scripts can be run under valgrind.
* Test scripts can be run with installed git.
* Makefile learned 'coverage' option to run the test suites with
coverage tracking enabled.
* Building the manpages with docbook-xsl between 1.69.1 and 1.71.1 now
requires setting DOCBOOK_SUPPRESS_SP to work around a docbook-xsl bug.
This workaround used to be enabled by default, but causes problems
with newer versions of docbook-xsl. In addition, there are a few more
knobs you can tweak to work around issues with various versions of the
docbook-xsl package. See comments in Documentation/Makefile for details.
* Support for building and testing a subset of git on a system without a
working perl has been improved.
Fixes since v1.6.2
------------------
All of the fixes in v1.6.2.X maintenance series are included in this
release, unless otherwise noted.
Here are fixes that this release has, but have not been backported to
v1.6.2.X series.
* "git-apply" rejected a patch that swaps two files (i.e. renames A to B
and B to A at the same time). May need to be backported by cherry
picking d8c81df and then 7fac0ee).
* The initial checkout did not read the attributes from the .gitattribute
file that is being checked out.
* git-gc spent excessive amount of time to decide if an object appears
in a locally existing pack (if needed, backport by merging 69e020a).

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GIT v1.6.4 Release Notes
========================
With the next major release, "git push" into a branch that is
currently checked out will be refused by default. You can choose
what should happen upon such a push by setting the configuration
variable receive.denyCurrentBranch in the receiving repository.
To ease the transition plan, the receiving repository of such a
push running this release will issue a big warning when the
configuration variable is missing. Please refer to:
http://git.or.cz/gitwiki/GitFaq#non-bare
http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/107758/focus=108007
for more details on the reason why this change is needed and the
transition plan.
For a similar reason, "git push $there :$killed" to delete the branch
$killed in a remote repository $there, if $killed branch is the current
branch pointed at by its HEAD, gets a large warning. You can choose what
should happen upon such a push by setting the configuration variable
receive.denyDeleteCurrent in the receiving repository.
Updates since v1.6.3
--------------------
(subsystems)
* gitweb Perl style clean-up.
* git-svn updates, including a new --authors-prog option to map author
names by invoking an external program, 'git svn reset' to unwind
'git svn fetch', support for more than one branches, etc.
(portability)
* We feed iconv with "UTF-8" instead of "utf8"; the former is
understood more widely. Similarly updated test scripts to use
encoding names more widely understood (e.g. use "ISO8859-1" instead
of "ISO-8859-1").
* Various portability fixes/workarounds for different vintages of
SunOS, IRIX, and Windows.
* Git-over-ssh transport on Windows supports PuTTY plink and TortoisePlink.
(performance)
* Many repeated use of lstat() are optimized out in "checkout" codepath.
* git-status (and underlying git-diff-index --cached) are optimized
to take advantage of cache-tree information in the index.
(usability, bells and whistles)
* "git add --edit" lets users edit the whole patch text to fine-tune what
is added to the index.
* "git am" accepts StGIT series file as its input.
* "git bisect skip" skips to a more randomly chosen place in the hope
to avoid testing a commit that is too close to a commit that is
already known to be untestable.
* "git cvsexportcommit" learned -k option to stop CVS keywords expansion
* "git grep" learned -p option to show the location of the match using the
same context hunk marker "git diff" uses.
* https transport can optionally be told that the used client
certificate is password protected, in which case it asks the
password only once.
* "git imap-send" is IPv6 aware.
* "git log --graph" draws graphs more compactly by using horizonal lines
when able.
* "git log --decorate" shows shorter refnames by stripping well-known
refs/* prefix.
* "git push $name" honors remote.$name.pushurl if present before
using remote.$name.url. In other words, the URL used for fetching
and pushing can be different.
* "git send-email" understands quoted aliases in .mailrc files (might
have to be backported to 1.6.3.X).
* "git send-email" can fetch the sender address from the configuration
variable "sendmail.from" (and "sendmail.<identity>.from").
* "git show-branch" can color its output.
* "add" and "update" subcommands to "git submodule" learned --reference
option to use local clone with references.
* "git submodule update" learned --rebase option to update checked
out submodules by rebasing the local changes.
* "gitweb" can optionally use gravatar to adorn author/committer names.
(developers)
* A major part of the "git bisect" wrapper has moved to C.
Fixes since v1.6.3
------------------
All of the fixes in v1.6.3.X maintenance series are included in this
release, unless otherwise noted.
Here are fixes that this release has, but have not been backported to
v1.6.3.X series.
* "git diff-tree -r -t" used to omit new or removed directories from
the output. df533f3 (diff-tree -r -t: include added/removed
directories in the output, 2009-06-13) may need to be cherry-picked
to backport this fix.
* The way Git.pm sets up a Repository object was not friendly to callers
that chdir around. It now internally records the repository location
as an absolute path when autodetected.
* Removing a section with "git config --remove-section", when its
section header has a variable definition on the same line, lost
that variable definition.
* "git repack" used to faithfully follow grafts and considered true
parents recorded in the commit object unreachable from the commit.
After such a repacking, you cannot remove grafts without corrupting
the repository.
* "git send-email" did not detect errorneous loops in alias expansion.
---
exec >/var/tmp/1
echo O=$(git describe master)
O=v1.6.4-rc2-17-g130b04a
git shortlog --no-merges $O..master ^maint

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@ -1,19 +1,30 @@
Checklist (and a short version for the impatient):
Commits:
- make commits of logical units
- check for unnecessary whitespace with "git diff --check"
before committing
- do not check in commented out code or unneeded files
- provide a meaningful commit message
- the first line of the commit message should be a short
description and should skip the full stop
- the body should provide a meaningful commit message, which:
- uses the imperative, present tense: "change",
not "changed" or "changes".
- includes motivation for the change, and contrasts
its implementation with previous behaviour
- if you want your work included in git.git, add a
"Signed-off-by: Your Name <your@email.com>" line to the
"Signed-off-by: Your Name <you@example.com>" line to the
commit message (or just use the option "-s" when
committing) to confirm that you agree to the Developer's
Certificate of Origin
- do not PGP sign your patch
- make sure that you have tests for the bug you are fixing
- make sure that the test suite passes after your commit
Patch:
- use "git format-patch -M" to create the patch
- do not PGP sign your patch
- do not attach your patch, but read in the mail
body, unless you cannot teach your mailer to
leave the formatting of the patch alone.
@ -21,7 +32,15 @@ Checklist (and a short version for the impatient):
corrupt whitespaces.
- provide additional information (which is unsuitable for
the commit message) between the "---" and the diffstat
- send the patch to the list _and_ the maintainer
- if you change, add, or remove a command line option or
make some other user interface change, the associated
documentation should be updated as well.
- if your name is not writable in ASCII, make sure that
you send off a message in the correct encoding.
- send the patch to the list (git@vger.kernel.org) and the
maintainer (gitster@pobox.com) if (and only if) the patch
is ready for inclusion. If you use git-send-email(1),
please test it first by sending email to yourself.
Long version:
@ -47,6 +66,14 @@ Describe the technical detail of the change(s).
If your description starts to get too long, that's a sign that you
probably need to split up your commit to finer grained pieces.
That being said, patches which plainly describe the things that
help reviewers check the patch, and future maintainers understand
the code, are the most beautiful patches. Descriptions that summarise
the point in the subject well, and describe the motivation for the
change, the approach taken by the change, and if relevant how this
differs substantially from the prior version, can be found on Usenet
archives back into the late 80's. Consider it like good Netiquette,
but for code.
Oh, another thing. I am picky about whitespaces. Make sure your
changes do not trigger errors with the sample pre-commit hook shipped
@ -54,6 +81,19 @@ in templates/hooks--pre-commit. To help ensure this does not happen,
run git diff --check on your changes before you commit.
(1a) Try to be nice to older C compilers
We try to support a wide range of C compilers to compile
git with. That means that you should not use C99 initializers, even
if a lot of compilers grok it.
Also, variables have to be declared at the beginning of the block
(you can check this with gcc, using the -Wdeclaration-after-statement
option).
Another thing: NULL pointers shall be written as NULL, not as 0.
(2) Generate your patch using git tools out of your commits.
git based diff tools (git, Cogito, and StGIT included) generate
@ -84,7 +124,12 @@ lose tabs that way if you are not careful.
It is a common convention to prefix your subject line with
[PATCH]. This lets people easily distinguish patches from other
e-mail discussions.
e-mail discussions. Use of additional markers after PATCH and
the closing bracket to mark the nature of the patch is also
encouraged. E.g. [PATCH/RFC] is often used when the patch is
not ready to be applied but it is for discussion, [PATCH v2],
[PATCH v3] etc. are often seen when you are sending an update to
what you have previously sent.
"git format-patch" command follows the best current practice to
format the body of an e-mail message. At the beginning of the
@ -129,7 +174,8 @@ Note that your maintainer does not necessarily read everything
on the git mailing list. If your patch is for discussion first,
send it "To:" the mailing list, and optionally "cc:" him. If it
is trivially correct or after the list reached a consensus, send
it "To:" the maintainer and optionally "cc:" the list.
it "To:" the maintainer and optionally "cc:" the list for
inclusion.
Also note that your maintainer does not actively involve himself in
maintaining what are in contrib/ hierarchy. When you send fixes and
@ -182,10 +228,56 @@ then you just add a line saying
This line can be automatically added by git if you run the git-commit
command with the -s option.
Some people also put extra tags at the end. They'll just be ignored for
now, but you can do this to mark internal company procedures or just
point out some special detail about the sign-off.
Notice that you can place your own Signed-off-by: line when
forwarding somebody else's patch with the above rules for
D-C-O. Indeed you are encouraged to do so. Do not forget to
place an in-body "From: " line at the beginning to properly attribute
the change to its true author (see (2) above).
Also notice that a real name is used in the Signed-off-by: line. Please
don't hide your real name.
Some people also put extra tags at the end.
"Acked-by:" says that the patch was reviewed by the person who
is more familiar with the issues and the area the patch attempts
to modify. "Tested-by:" says the patch was tested by the person
and found to have the desired effect.
------------------------------------------------
An ideal patch flow
Here is an ideal patch flow for this project the current maintainer
suggests to the contributors:
(0) You come up with an itch. You code it up.
(1) Send it to the list and cc people who may need to know about
the change.
The people who may need to know are the ones whose code you
are butchering. These people happen to be the ones who are
most likely to be knowledgeable enough to help you, but
they have no obligation to help you (i.e. you ask for help,
don't demand). "git log -p -- $area_you_are_modifying" would
help you find out who they are.
(2) You get comments and suggestions for improvements. You may
even get them in a "on top of your change" patch form.
(3) Polish, refine, and re-send to the list and the people who
spend their time to improve your patch. Go back to step (2).
(4) The list forms consensus that the last round of your patch is
good. Send it to the list and cc the maintainer.
(5) A topic branch is created with the patch and is merged to 'next',
and cooked further and eventually graduates to 'master'.
In any time between the (2)-(3) cycle, the maintainer may pick it up
from the list and queue it to 'pu', in order to make it easier for
people play with it without having to pick up and apply the patch to
their trees themselves.
------------------------------------------------
MUA specific hints
@ -215,7 +307,7 @@ One test you could do yourself if your MUA is set up correctly is:
$ git fetch http://kernel.org/pub/scm/git/git.git master:test-apply
$ git checkout test-apply
$ git reset --hard
$ git applymbox a.patch
$ git am a.patch
If it does not apply correctly, there can be various reasons.
@ -223,8 +315,8 @@ If it does not apply correctly, there can be various reasons.
does not have much to do with your MUA. Please rebase the
patch appropriately.
* Your MUA corrupted your patch; applymbox would complain that
the patch does not apply. Look at .dotest/ subdirectory and
* Your MUA corrupted your patch; "am" would complain that
the patch does not apply. Look at .git/rebase-apply/ subdirectory and
see what 'patch' file contains and check for the common
corruption patterns mentioned above.
@ -268,15 +360,15 @@ diff --git a/pico/pico.c b/pico/pico.c
--- a/pico/pico.c
+++ b/pico/pico.c
@@ -219,7 +219,9 @@ PICO *pm;
switch(pico_all_done){ /* prepare for/handle final events */
case COMP_EXIT : /* already confirmed */
packheader();
switch(pico_all_done){ /* prepare for/handle final events */
case COMP_EXIT : /* already confirmed */
packheader();
+#if 0
stripwhitespace();
stripwhitespace();
+#endif
c |= COMP_EXIT;
break;
c |= COMP_EXIT;
break;
(Daniel Barkalow)
@ -296,9 +388,36 @@ Thunderbird
(A Large Angry SCM)
By default, Thunderbird will both wrap emails as well as flag them as
being 'format=flowed', both of which will make the resulting email unusable
by git.
Here are some hints on how to successfully submit patches inline using
Thunderbird.
There are two different approaches. One approach is to configure
Thunderbird to not mangle patches. The second approach is to use
an external editor to keep Thunderbird from mangling the patches.
Approach #1 (configuration):
This recipe is current as of Thunderbird 2.0.0.19. Three steps:
1. Configure your mail server composition as plain text
Edit...Account Settings...Composition & Addressing,
uncheck 'Compose Messages in HTML'.
2. Configure your general composition window to not wrap
Edit..Preferences..Composition, wrap plain text messages at 0
3. Disable the use of format=flowed
Edit..Preferences..Advanced..Config Editor. Search for:
mailnews.send_plaintext_flowed
toggle it to make sure it is set to 'false'.
After that is done, you should be able to compose email as you
otherwise would (cut + paste, git-format-patch | git-imap-send, etc),
and the patches should not be mangled.
Approach #2 (external editor):
This recipe appears to work with the current [*1*] Thunderbird from Suse.
The following Thunderbird extensions are needed:
@ -342,6 +461,11 @@ settings but I haven't tried, yet.
mail.identity.default.compose_html => false
mail.identity.id?.compose_html => false
(Lukas Sandström)
There is a script in contrib/thunderbird-patch-inline which can help
you include patches with Thunderbird in an easy way. To use it, do the
steps above and then use the script as the external editor.
Gnus
----
@ -374,3 +498,40 @@ This should help you to submit patches inline using KMail.
5) Back in the compose window: add whatever other text you wish to the
message, complete the addressing and subject fields, and press send.
Gmail
-----
GMail does not appear to have any way to turn off line wrapping in the web
interface, so this will mangle any emails that you send. You can however
use any IMAP email client to connect to the google imap server, and forward
the emails through that. Just make sure to disable line wrapping in that
email client. Alternatively, use "git send-email" instead.
Submitting properly formatted patches via Gmail is simple now that
IMAP support is available. First, edit your ~/.gitconfig to specify your
account settings:
[imap]
folder = "[Gmail]/Drafts"
host = imaps://imap.gmail.com
user = user@gmail.com
pass = p4ssw0rd
port = 993
sslverify = false
You might need to instead use: folder = "[Google Mail]/Drafts" if you get an error
that the "Folder doesn't exist".
Next, ensure that your Gmail settings are correct. In "Settings" the
"Use Unicode (UTF-8) encoding for outgoing messages" should be checked.
Once your commits are ready to send to the mailing list, run the following
command to send the patch emails to your Gmail Drafts folder.
$ git format-patch -M --stdout origin/master | git imap-send
Go to your Gmail account, open the Drafts folder, find the patch email, fill
in the To: and CC: fields and send away!

52
Documentation/asciidoc.conf
View file

@ -1,20 +1,26 @@
## gitlink: macro
## linkgit: macro
#
# Usage: gitlink:command[manpage-section]
# Usage: linkgit:command[manpage-section]
#
# Note, {0} is the manpage section, while {target} is the command.
#
# Show GIT link as: <command>(<section>); if section is defined, else just show
# the command.
[macros]
(?su)[\\]?(?P<name>linkgit):(?P<target>\S*?)\[(?P<attrlist>.*?)\]=
[attributes]
caret=^
asterisk=&#42;
plus=&#43;
caret=&#94;
startsb=&#91;
endsb=&#93;
tilde=&#126;
backtick=&#96;
ifdef::backend-docbook[]
[gitlink-inlinemacro]
[linkgit-inlinemacro]
{0%{target}}
{0#<citerefentry>}
{0#<refentrytitle>{target}</refentrytitle><manvolnum>{0}</manvolnum>}
@ -22,13 +28,43 @@ ifdef::backend-docbook[]
endif::backend-docbook[]
ifdef::backend-docbook[]
ifndef::git-asciidoc-no-roff[]
# "unbreak" docbook-xsl v1.68 for manpages. v1.69 works with or without this.
# v1.72 breaks with this because it replaces dots not in roff requests.
[listingblock]
<example><title>{title}</title>
<literallayout>
ifdef::doctype-manpage[]
&#10;.ft C&#10;
endif::doctype-manpage[]
|
ifdef::doctype-manpage[]
&#10;.ft&#10;
endif::doctype-manpage[]
</literallayout>
{title#}</example>
endif::git-asciidoc-no-roff[]
ifdef::git-asciidoc-no-roff[]
ifdef::doctype-manpage[]
# The following two small workarounds insert a simple paragraph after screen
[listingblock]
<example><title>{title}</title>
<literallayout>
|
</literallayout>
</literallayout><simpara></simpara>
{title#}</example>
[verseblock]
<formalpara{id? id="{id}"}><title>{title}</title><para>
{title%}<literallayout{id? id="{id}"}>
{title#}<literallayout>
|
</literallayout>
{title#}</para></formalpara>
{title%}<simpara></simpara>
endif::doctype-manpage[]
endif::git-asciidoc-no-roff[]
endif::backend-docbook[]
ifdef::doctype-manpage[]
@ -40,7 +76,7 @@ template::[header-declarations]
<refentrytitle>{mantitle}</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>{manvolnum}</manvolnum>
<refmiscinfo class="source">Git</refmiscinfo>
<refmiscinfo class="version">@@GIT_VERSION@@</refmiscinfo>
<refmiscinfo class="version">{git_version}</refmiscinfo>
<refmiscinfo class="manual">Git Manual</refmiscinfo>
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
@ -51,8 +87,6 @@ endif::backend-docbook[]
endif::doctype-manpage[]
ifdef::backend-xhtml11[]
[gitlink-inlinemacro]
[linkgit-inlinemacro]
<a href="{target}.html">{target}{0?({0})}</a>
endif::backend-xhtml11[]

111
Documentation/blame-options.txt Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
-b::
Show blank SHA-1 for boundary commits. This can also
be controlled via the `blame.blankboundary` config option.
--root::
Do not treat root commits as boundaries. This can also be
controlled via the `blame.showroot` config option.
--show-stats::
Include additional statistics at the end of blame output.
-L <start>,<end>::
Annotate only the given line range. <start> and <end> can take
one of these forms:
- number
+
If <start> or <end> is a number, it specifies an
absolute line number (lines count from 1).
+
- /regex/
+
This form will use the first line matching the given
POSIX regex. If <end> is a regex, it will search
starting at the line given by <start>.
+
- +offset or -offset
+
This is only valid for <end> and will specify a number
of lines before or after the line given by <start>.
+
-l::
Show long rev (Default: off).
-t::
Show raw timestamp (Default: off).
-S <revs-file>::
Use revisions from revs-file instead of calling linkgit:git-rev-list[1].
--reverse::
Walk history forward instead of backward. Instead of showing
the revision in which a line appeared, this shows the last
revision in which a line has existed. This requires a range of
revision like START..END where the path to blame exists in
START.
-p::
--porcelain::
Show in a format designed for machine consumption.
--incremental::
Show the result incrementally in a format designed for
machine consumption.
--encoding=<encoding>::
Specifies the encoding used to output author names
and commit summaries. Setting it to `none` makes blame
output unconverted data. For more information see the
discussion about encoding in the linkgit:git-log[1]
manual page.
--contents <file>::
When <rev> is not specified, the command annotates the
changes starting backwards from the working tree copy.
This flag makes the command pretend as if the working
tree copy has the contents of the named file (specify
`-` to make the command read from the standard input).
--date <format>::
The value is one of the following alternatives:
{relative,local,default,iso,rfc,short}. If --date is not
provided, the value of the blame.date config variable is
used. If the blame.date config variable is also not set, the
iso format is used. For more information, See the discussion
of the --date option at linkgit:git-log[1].
-M|<num>|::
Detect moving lines in the file as well. When a commit
moves a block of lines in a file (e.g. the original file
has A and then B, and the commit changes it to B and
then A), the traditional 'blame' algorithm typically blames
the lines that were moved up (i.e. B) to the parent and
assigns blame to the lines that were moved down (i.e. A)
to the child commit. With this option, both groups of lines
are blamed on the parent.
+
<num> is optional but it is the lower bound on the number of
alphanumeric characters that git must detect as moving
within a file for it to associate those lines with the parent
commit.
-C|<num>|::
In addition to `-M`, detect lines copied from other
files that were modified in the same commit. This is
useful when you reorganize your program and move code
around across files. When this option is given twice,
the command additionally looks for copies from all other
files in the parent for the commit that creates the file.
+
<num> is optional but it is the lower bound on the number of
alphanumeric characters that git must detect as moving
between files for it to associate those lines with the parent
commit.
-h::
--help::
Show help message.

30
Documentation/callouts.xsl
View file

@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
<!-- callout.xsl: converts asciidoc callouts to man page format -->
<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version="1.0">
<xsl:template match="co">
<xsl:value-of select="concat('\fB(',substring-after(@id,'-'),')\fR')"/>
</xsl:template>
<xsl:template match="calloutlist">
<xsl:text>.sp&#10;</xsl:text>
<xsl:apply-templates/>
<xsl:text>&#10;</xsl:text>
</xsl:template>
<xsl:template match="callout">
<xsl:value-of select="concat('\fB',substring-after(@arearefs,'-'),'. \fR')"/>
<xsl:apply-templates/>
<xsl:text>.br&#10;</xsl:text>
</xsl:template>
<!-- sorry, this is not about callouts, but attempts to work around
spurious .sp at the tail of the line docbook stylesheets seem to add -->
<xsl:template match="simpara">
<xsl:variable name="content">
<xsl:apply-templates/>
</xsl:variable>
<xsl:value-of select="normalize-space($content)"/>
<xsl:if test="not(ancestor::authorblurb) and
not(ancestor::personblurb)">
<xsl:text>&#10;&#10;</xsl:text>
</xsl:if>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>

42
Documentation/cat-texi.perl Executable file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
my @menu = ();
my $output = $ARGV[0];
open TMP, '>', "$output.tmp";
while (<STDIN>) {
next if (/^\\input texinfo/../\@node Top/);
next if (/^\@bye/ || /^\.ft/);
if (s/^\@top (.*)/\@node $1,,,Top/) {
push @menu, $1;
}
s/\(\@pxref{\[(URLS|REMOTES)\]}\)//;
print TMP;
}
close TMP;
printf '\input texinfo
@setfilename gitman.info
@documentencoding UTF-8
@dircategory Development
@direntry
* Git Man Pages: (gitman). Manual pages for Git revision control system
@end direntry
@node Top,,, (dir)
@top Git Manual Pages
@documentlanguage en
@menu
', $menu[0];
for (@menu) {
print "* ${_}::\n";
}
print "\@end menu\n";
open TMP, '<', "$output.tmp";
while (<TMP>) {
print;
}
close TMP;
print "\@bye\n";
unlink "$output.tmp";

146
Documentation/cmd-list.perl
View file

@ -3,7 +3,8 @@
use File::Compare qw(compare);
sub format_one {
my ($out, $name) = @_;
my ($out, $nameattr) = @_;
my ($name, $attr) = @$nameattr;
my ($state, $description);
$state = 0;
open I, '<', "$name.txt" or die "No such file $name.txt";
@ -26,8 +27,11 @@ sub format_one {
die "No description found in $name.txt";
}
if (my ($verify_name, $text) = ($description =~ /^($name) - (.*)/)) {
print $out "gitlink:$name\[1\]::\n";
print $out "\t$text.\n\n";
print $out "linkgit:$name\[1\]::\n\t";
if ($attr =~ / deprecated /) {
print $out "(deprecated) ";
}
print $out "$text.\n\n";
}
else {
die "Description does not match $name: $description";
@ -35,12 +39,13 @@ sub format_one {
}
my %cmds = ();
while (<DATA>) {
for (sort <>) {
next if /^#/;
chomp;
my ($name, $cat) = /^(\S+)\s+(.*)$/;
push @{$cmds{$cat}}, $name;
my ($name, $cat, $attr) = /^(\S+)\s+(.*?)(?:\s+(.*))?$/;
$attr = '' unless defined $attr;
push @{$cmds{$cat}}, [$name, " $attr "];
}
for my $cat (qw(ancillaryinterrogators
@ -67,132 +72,3 @@ sub format_one {
rename "$out+", "$out";
}
}
__DATA__
git-add mainporcelain
git-am mainporcelain
git-annotate ancillaryinterrogators
git-applymbox ancillaryinterrogators
git-applypatch purehelpers
git-apply plumbingmanipulators
git-archimport foreignscminterface
git-archive mainporcelain
git-bisect mainporcelain
git-blame ancillaryinterrogators
git-branch mainporcelain
git-bundle mainporcelain
git-cat-file plumbinginterrogators
git-checkout-index plumbingmanipulators
git-checkout mainporcelain
git-check-ref-format purehelpers
git-cherry ancillaryinterrogators
git-cherry-pick mainporcelain
git-clean mainporcelain
git-clone mainporcelain
git-commit mainporcelain
git-commit-tree plumbingmanipulators
git-convert-objects ancillarymanipulators
git-count-objects ancillaryinterrogators
git-cvsexportcommit foreignscminterface
git-cvsimport foreignscminterface
git-cvsserver foreignscminterface
git-daemon synchingrepositories
git-describe mainporcelain
git-diff-files plumbinginterrogators
git-diff-index plumbinginterrogators
git-diff mainporcelain
git-diff-tree plumbinginterrogators
git-fast-import ancillarymanipulators
git-fetch mainporcelain
git-fetch-pack synchingrepositories
git-fmt-merge-msg purehelpers
git-for-each-ref plumbinginterrogators
git-format-patch mainporcelain
git-fsck ancillaryinterrogators
git-gc mainporcelain
git-get-tar-commit-id ancillaryinterrogators
git-grep mainporcelain
git-hash-object plumbingmanipulators
git-http-fetch synchelpers
git-http-push synchelpers
git-imap-send foreignscminterface
git-index-pack plumbingmanipulators
git-init mainporcelain
git-instaweb ancillaryinterrogators
gitk mainporcelain
git-local-fetch synchingrepositories
git-log mainporcelain
git-lost-found ancillarymanipulators
git-ls-files plumbinginterrogators
git-ls-remote plumbinginterrogators
git-ls-tree plumbinginterrogators
git-mailinfo purehelpers
git-mailsplit purehelpers
git-merge-base plumbinginterrogators
git-merge-file plumbingmanipulators
git-merge-index plumbingmanipulators
git-merge mainporcelain
git-merge-one-file purehelpers
git-merge-tree ancillaryinterrogators
git-mergetool ancillarymanipulators
git-mktag plumbingmanipulators
git-mktree plumbingmanipulators
git-mv mainporcelain
git-name-rev plumbinginterrogators
git-pack-objects plumbingmanipulators
git-pack-redundant plumbinginterrogators
git-pack-refs ancillarymanipulators
git-parse-remote synchelpers
git-patch-id purehelpers
git-peek-remote purehelpers
git-prune ancillarymanipulators
git-prune-packed plumbingmanipulators
git-pull mainporcelain
git-push mainporcelain
git-quiltimport foreignscminterface
git-read-tree plumbingmanipulators
git-rebase mainporcelain
git-receive-pack synchelpers
git-reflog ancillarymanipulators
git-relink ancillarymanipulators
git-repack ancillarymanipulators
git-config ancillarymanipulators
git-remote ancillarymanipulators
git-request-pull foreignscminterface
git-rerere ancillaryinterrogators
git-reset mainporcelain
git-revert mainporcelain
git-rev-list plumbinginterrogators
git-rev-parse ancillaryinterrogators
git-rm mainporcelain
git-runstatus ancillaryinterrogators
git-send-email foreignscminterface
git-send-pack synchingrepositories
git-shell synchelpers
git-shortlog mainporcelain
git-show mainporcelain
git-show-branch ancillaryinterrogators
git-show-index plumbinginterrogators
git-show-ref plumbinginterrogators
git-sh-setup purehelpers
git-ssh-fetch synchingrepositories
git-ssh-upload synchingrepositories
git-status mainporcelain
git-stripspace purehelpers
git-svn foreignscminterface
git-svnimport foreignscminterface
git-symbolic-ref plumbingmanipulators
git-tag mainporcelain
git-tar-tree plumbinginterrogators
git-unpack-file plumbinginterrogators
git-unpack-objects plumbingmanipulators
git-update-index plumbingmanipulators
git-update-ref plumbingmanipulators
git-update-server-info synchingrepositories
git-upload-archive synchelpers
git-upload-pack synchelpers
git-var plumbinginterrogators
git-verify-pack plumbinginterrogators
git-verify-tag ancillaryinterrogators
git-whatchanged ancillaryinterrogators
git-write-tree plumbingmanipulators

1321
Documentation/config.txt
View file

File diff suppressed because it is too large Load diff

592
Documentation/core-intro.txt
View file

@ -1,592 +0,0 @@
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
GIT - the stupid content tracker
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
"git" can mean anything, depending on your mood.
- random three-letter combination that is pronounceable, and not
actually used by any common UNIX command. The fact that it is a
mispronunciation of "get" may or may not be relevant.
- stupid. contemptible and despicable. simple. Take your pick from the
dictionary of slang.
- "global information tracker": you're in a good mood, and it actually
works for you. Angels sing, and a light suddenly fills the room.
- "goddamn idiotic truckload of sh*t": when it breaks
This is a (not so) stupid but extremely fast directory content manager.
It doesn't do a whole lot at its core, but what it 'does' do is track
directory contents efficiently.
There are two object abstractions: the "object database", and the
"current directory cache" aka "index".
The Object Database
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The object database is literally just a content-addressable collection
of objects. All objects are named by their content, which is
approximated by the SHA1 hash of the object itself. Objects may refer
to other objects (by referencing their SHA1 hash), and so you can
build up a hierarchy of objects.
All objects have a statically determined "type" aka "tag", which is
determined at object creation time, and which identifies the format of
the object (i.e. how it is used, and how it can refer to other
objects). There are currently four different object types: "blob",
"tree", "commit" and "tag".
A "blob" object cannot refer to any other object, and is, like the type
implies, a pure storage object containing some user data. It is used to
actually store the file data, i.e. a blob object is associated with some
particular version of some file.
A "tree" object is an object that ties one or more "blob" objects into a
directory structure. In addition, a tree object can refer to other tree
objects, thus creating a directory hierarchy.
A "commit" object ties such directory hierarchies together into
a DAG of revisions - each "commit" is associated with exactly one tree
(the directory hierarchy at the time of the commit). In addition, a
"commit" refers to one or more "parent" commit objects that describe the
history of how we arrived at that directory hierarchy.
As a special case, a commit object with no parents is called the "root"
object, and is the point of an initial project commit. Each project
must have at least one root, and while you can tie several different
root objects together into one project by creating a commit object which
has two or more separate roots as its ultimate parents, that's probably
just going to confuse people. So aim for the notion of "one root object
per project", even if git itself does not enforce that.
A "tag" object symbolically identifies and can be used to sign other
objects. It contains the identifier and type of another object, a
symbolic name (of course!) and, optionally, a signature.
Regardless of object type, all objects share the following
characteristics: they are all deflated with zlib, and have a header
that not only specifies their type, but also provides size information
about the data in the object. It's worth noting that the SHA1 hash
that is used to name the object is the hash of the original data
plus this header, so `sha1sum` 'file' does not match the object name
for 'file'.
(Historical note: in the dawn of the age of git the hash
was the sha1 of the 'compressed' object.)
As a result, the general consistency of an object can always be tested
independently of the contents or the type of the object: all objects can
be validated by verifying that (a) their hashes match the content of the
file and (b) the object successfully inflates to a stream of bytes that
forms a sequence of <ascii type without space> + <space> + <ascii decimal
size> + <byte\0> + <binary object data>.
The structured objects can further have their structure and
connectivity to other objects verified. This is generally done with
the `git-fsck` program, which generates a full dependency graph
of all objects, and verifies their internal consistency (in addition
to just verifying their superficial consistency through the hash).
The object types in some more detail:
Blob Object
~~~~~~~~~~~
A "blob" object is nothing but a binary blob of data, and doesn't
refer to anything else. There is no signature or any other
verification of the data, so while the object is consistent (it 'is'
indexed by its sha1 hash, so the data itself is certainly correct), it
has absolutely no other attributes. No name associations, no
permissions. It is purely a blob of data (i.e. normally "file
contents").
In particular, since the blob is entirely defined by its data, if two
files in a directory tree (or in multiple different versions of the
repository) have the same contents, they will share the same blob
object. The object is totally independent of its location in the
directory tree, and renaming a file does not change the object that
file is associated with in any way.
A blob is typically created when gitlink:git-update-index[1]
(or gitlink:git-add[1]) is run, and its data can be accessed by
gitlink:git-cat-file[1].
Tree Object
~~~~~~~~~~~
The next hierarchical object type is the "tree" object. A tree object
is a list of mode/name/blob data, sorted by name. Alternatively, the
mode data may specify a directory mode, in which case instead of
naming a blob, that name is associated with another TREE object.
Like the "blob" object, a tree object is uniquely determined by the
set contents, and so two separate but identical trees will always
share the exact same object. This is true at all levels, i.e. it's
true for a "leaf" tree (which does not refer to any other trees, only
blobs) as well as for a whole subdirectory.
For that reason a "tree" object is just a pure data abstraction: it
has no history, no signatures, no verification of validity, except
that since the contents are again protected by the hash itself, we can
trust that the tree is immutable and its contents never change.
So you can trust the contents of a tree to be valid, the same way you
can trust the contents of a blob, but you don't know where those
contents 'came' from.
Side note on trees: since a "tree" object is a sorted list of
"filename+content", you can create a diff between two trees without
actually having to unpack two trees. Just ignore all common parts,
and your diff will look right. In other words, you can effectively
(and efficiently) tell the difference between any two random trees by
O(n) where "n" is the size of the difference, rather than the size of
the tree.
Side note 2 on trees: since the name of a "blob" depends entirely and
exclusively on its contents (i.e. there are no names or permissions
involved), you can see trivial renames or permission changes by
noticing that the blob stayed the same. However, renames with data
changes need a smarter "diff" implementation.
A tree is created with gitlink:git-write-tree[1] and
its data can be accessed by gitlink:git-ls-tree[1].
Two trees can be compared with gitlink:git-diff-tree[1].
Commit Object
~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The "commit" object is an object that introduces the notion of
history into the picture. In contrast to the other objects, it
doesn't just describe the physical state of a tree, it describes how
we got there, and why.
A "commit" is defined by the tree-object that it results in, the
parent commits (zero, one or more) that led up to that point, and a
comment on what happened. Again, a commit is not trusted per se:
the contents are well-defined and "safe" due to the cryptographically
strong signatures at all levels, but there is no reason to believe
that the tree is "good" or that the merge information makes sense.
The parents do not have to actually have any relationship with the
result, for example.
Note on commits: unlike real SCM's, commits do not contain
rename information or file mode change information. All of that is
implicit in the trees involved (the result tree, and the result trees
of the parents), and describing that makes no sense in this idiotic
file manager.
A commit is created with gitlink:git-commit-tree[1] and
its data can be accessed by gitlink:git-cat-file[1].
Trust
~~~~~
An aside on the notion of "trust". Trust is really outside the scope
of "git", but it's worth noting a few things. First off, since
everything is hashed with SHA1, you 'can' trust that an object is
intact and has not been messed with by external sources. So the name
of an object uniquely identifies a known state - just not a state that
you may want to trust.
Furthermore, since the SHA1 signature of a commit refers to the
SHA1 signatures of the tree it is associated with and the signatures
of the parent, a single named commit specifies uniquely a whole set
of history, with full contents. You can't later fake any step of the
way once you have the name of a commit.
So to introduce some real trust in the system, the only thing you need
to do is to digitally sign just 'one' special note, which includes the
name of a top-level commit. Your digital signature shows others
that you trust that commit, and the immutability of the history of
commits tells others that they can trust the whole history.
In other words, you can easily validate a whole archive by just
sending out a single email that tells the people the name (SHA1 hash)
of the top commit, and digitally sign that email using something
like GPG/PGP.
To assist in this, git also provides the tag object...
Tag Object
~~~~~~~~~~
Git provides the "tag" object to simplify creating, managing and
exchanging symbolic and signed tokens. The "tag" object at its
simplest simply symbolically identifies another object by containing
the sha1, type and symbolic name.
However it can optionally contain additional signature information
(which git doesn't care about as long as there's less than 8k of
it). This can then be verified externally to git.
Note that despite the tag features, "git" itself only handles content
integrity; the trust framework (and signature provision and
verification) has to come from outside.
A tag is created with gitlink:git-mktag[1],
its data can be accessed by gitlink:git-cat-file[1],
and the signature can be verified by
gitlink:git-verify-tag[1].
The "index" aka "Current Directory Cache"
-----------------------------------------
The index is a simple binary file, which contains an efficient
representation of a virtual directory content at some random time. It
does so by a simple array that associates a set of names, dates,
permissions and content (aka "blob") objects together. The cache is
always kept ordered by name, and names are unique (with a few very
specific rules) at any point in time, but the cache has no long-term
meaning, and can be partially updated at any time.
In particular, the index certainly does not need to be consistent with
the current directory contents (in fact, most operations will depend on
different ways to make the index 'not' be consistent with the directory
hierarchy), but it has three very important attributes:
'(a) it can re-generate the full state it caches (not just the
directory structure: it contains pointers to the "blob" objects so
that it can regenerate the data too)'
As a special case, there is a clear and unambiguous one-way mapping
from a current directory cache to a "tree object", which can be
efficiently created from just the current directory cache without
actually looking at any other data. So a directory cache at any one
time uniquely specifies one and only one "tree" object (but has
additional data to make it easy to match up that tree object with what
has happened in the directory)
'(b) it has efficient methods for finding inconsistencies between that
cached state ("tree object waiting to be instantiated") and the
current state.'
'(c) it can additionally efficiently represent information about merge
conflicts between different tree objects, allowing each pathname to be
associated with sufficient information about the trees involved that
you can create a three-way merge between them.'
Those are the three ONLY things that the directory cache does. It's a
cache, and the normal operation is to re-generate it completely from a
known tree object, or update/compare it with a live tree that is being
developed. If you blow the directory cache away entirely, you generally
haven't lost any information as long as you have the name of the tree
that it described.
At the same time, the index is at the same time also the
staging area for creating new trees, and creating a new tree always
involves a controlled modification of the index file. In particular,
the index file can have the representation of an intermediate tree that
has not yet been instantiated. So the index can be thought of as a
write-back cache, which can contain dirty information that has not yet
been written back to the backing store.
The Workflow
------------
Generally, all "git" operations work on the index file. Some operations
work *purely* on the index file (showing the current state of the
index), but most operations move data to and from the index file. Either
from the database or from the working directory. Thus there are four
main combinations:
1) working directory -> index
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
You update the index with information from the working directory with
the gitlink:git-update-index[1] command. You
generally update the index information by just specifying the filename
you want to update, like so:
git-update-index filename
but to avoid common mistakes with filename globbing etc, the command
will not normally add totally new entries or remove old entries,
i.e. it will normally just update existing cache entries.
To tell git that yes, you really do realize that certain files no
longer exist, or that new files should be added, you
should use the `--remove` and `--add` flags respectively.
NOTE! A `--remove` flag does 'not' mean that subsequent filenames will
necessarily be removed: if the files still exist in your directory
structure, the index will be updated with their new status, not
removed. The only thing `--remove` means is that update-cache will be
considering a removed file to be a valid thing, and if the file really
does not exist any more, it will update the index accordingly.
As a special case, you can also do `git-update-index --refresh`, which
will refresh the "stat" information of each index to match the current
stat information. It will 'not' update the object status itself, and
it will only update the fields that are used to quickly test whether
an object still matches its old backing store object.
2) index -> object database
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
You write your current index file to a "tree" object with the program
git-write-tree
that doesn't come with any options - it will just write out the
current index into the set of tree objects that describe that state,
and it will return the name of the resulting top-level tree. You can
use that tree to re-generate the index at any time by going in the
other direction:
3) object database -> index
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
You read a "tree" file from the object database, and use that to
populate (and overwrite - don't do this if your index contains any
unsaved state that you might want to restore later!) your current
index. Normal operation is just
git-read-tree <sha1 of tree>
and your index file will now be equivalent to the tree that you saved
earlier. However, that is only your 'index' file: your working
directory contents have not been modified.
4) index -> working directory
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
You update your working directory from the index by "checking out"
files. This is not a very common operation, since normally you'd just
keep your files updated, and rather than write to your working
directory, you'd tell the index files about the changes in your
working directory (i.e. `git-update-index`).
However, if you decide to jump to a new version, or check out somebody
else's version, or just restore a previous tree, you'd populate your
index file with read-tree, and then you need to check out the result
with
git-checkout-index filename
or, if you want to check out all of the index, use `-a`.
NOTE! git-checkout-index normally refuses to overwrite old files, so
if you have an old version of the tree already checked out, you will
need to use the "-f" flag ('before' the "-a" flag or the filename) to
'force' the checkout.
Finally, there are a few odds and ends which are not purely moving
from one representation to the other:
5) Tying it all together
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
To commit a tree you have instantiated with "git-write-tree", you'd
create a "commit" object that refers to that tree and the history
behind it - most notably the "parent" commits that preceded it in
history.
Normally a "commit" has one parent: the previous state of the tree
before a certain change was made. However, sometimes it can have two
or more parent commits, in which case we call it a "merge", due to the
fact that such a commit brings together ("merges") two or more
previous states represented by other commits.
In other words, while a "tree" represents a particular directory state
of a working directory, a "commit" represents that state in "time",
and explains how we got there.
You create a commit object by giving it the tree that describes the
state at the time of the commit, and a list of parents:
git-commit-tree <tree> -p <parent> [-p <parent2> ..]
and then giving the reason for the commit on stdin (either through
redirection from a pipe or file, or by just typing it at the tty).
git-commit-tree will return the name of the object that represents
that commit, and you should save it away for later use. Normally,
you'd commit a new `HEAD` state, and while git doesn't care where you
save the note about that state, in practice we tend to just write the
result to the file pointed at by `.git/HEAD`, so that we can always see
what the last committed state was.
Here is an ASCII art by Jon Loeliger that illustrates how
various pieces fit together.
------------
commit-tree
commit obj
+----+
| |
| |
V V
+-----------+
| Object DB |
| Backing |
| Store |
+-----------+
^
write-tree | |
tree obj | |
| | read-tree
| | tree obj
V
+-----------+
| Index |
| "cache" |
+-----------+
update-index ^
blob obj | |
| |
checkout-index -u | | checkout-index
stat | | blob obj
V
+-----------+
| Working |
| Directory |
+-----------+
------------
6) Examining the data
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
You can examine the data represented in the object database and the
index with various helper tools. For every object, you can use
gitlink:git-cat-file[1] to examine details about the
object:
git-cat-file -t <objectname>
shows the type of the object, and once you have the type (which is
usually implicit in where you find the object), you can use
git-cat-file blob|tree|commit|tag <objectname>
to show its contents. NOTE! Trees have binary content, and as a result
there is a special helper for showing that content, called
`git-ls-tree`, which turns the binary content into a more easily
readable form.
It's especially instructive to look at "commit" objects, since those
tend to be small and fairly self-explanatory. In particular, if you
follow the convention of having the top commit name in `.git/HEAD`,
you can do
git-cat-file commit HEAD
to see what the top commit was.
7) Merging multiple trees
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Git helps you do a three-way merge, which you can expand to n-way by
repeating the merge procedure arbitrary times until you finally
"commit" the state. The normal situation is that you'd only do one
three-way merge (two parents), and commit it, but if you like to, you
can do multiple parents in one go.
To do a three-way merge, you need the two sets of "commit" objects
that you want to merge, use those to find the closest common parent (a
third "commit" object), and then use those commit objects to find the
state of the directory ("tree" object) at these points.
To get the "base" for the merge, you first look up the common parent
of two commits with
git-merge-base <commit1> <commit2>
which will return you the commit they are both based on. You should
now look up the "tree" objects of those commits, which you can easily
do with (for example)
git-cat-file commit <commitname> | head -1
since the tree object information is always the first line in a commit
object.
Once you know the three trees you are going to merge (the one
"original" tree, aka the common case, and the two "result" trees, aka
the branches you want to merge), you do a "merge" read into the
index. This will complain if it has to throw away your old index contents, so you should
make sure that you've committed those - in fact you would normally
always do a merge against your last commit (which should thus match
what you have in your current index anyway).
To do the merge, do
git-read-tree -m -u <origtree> <yourtree> <targettree>
which will do all trivial merge operations for you directly in the
index file, and you can just write the result out with
`git-write-tree`.
Historical note. We did not have `-u` facility when this
section was first written, so we used to warn that
the merge is done in the index file, not in your
working tree, and your working tree will not match your
index after this step.
This is no longer true. The above command, thanks to `-u`
option, updates your working tree with the merge results for
paths that have been trivially merged.
8) Merging multiple trees, continued
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Sadly, many merges aren't trivial. If there are files that have
been added.moved or removed, or if both branches have modified the
same file, you will be left with an index tree that contains "merge
entries" in it. Such an index tree can 'NOT' be written out to a tree
object, and you will have to resolve any such merge clashes using
other tools before you can write out the result.
You can examine such index state with `git-ls-files --unmerged`
command. An example:
------------------------------------------------
$ git-read-tree -m $orig HEAD $target
$ git-ls-files --unmerged
100644 263414f423d0e4d70dae8fe53fa34614ff3e2860 1 hello.c
100644 06fa6a24256dc7e560efa5687fa84b51f0263c3a 2 hello.c
100644 cc44c73eb783565da5831b4d820c962954019b69 3 hello.c
------------------------------------------------
Each line of the `git-ls-files --unmerged` output begins with
the blob mode bits, blob SHA1, 'stage number', and the
filename. The 'stage number' is git's way to say which tree it
came from: stage 1 corresponds to `$orig` tree, stage 2 `HEAD`
tree, and stage3 `$target` tree.
Earlier we said that trivial merges are done inside
`git-read-tree -m`. For example, if the file did not change
from `$orig` to `HEAD` nor `$target`, or if the file changed
from `$orig` to `HEAD` and `$orig` to `$target` the same way,
obviously the final outcome is what is in `HEAD`. What the
above example shows is that file `hello.c` was changed from
`$orig` to `HEAD` and `$orig` to `$target` in a different way.
You could resolve this by running your favorite 3-way merge
program, e.g. `diff3` or `merge`, on the blob objects from
these three stages yourself, like this:
------------------------------------------------
$ git-cat-file blob 263414f... >hello.c~1
$ git-cat-file blob 06fa6a2... >hello.c~2
$ git-cat-file blob cc44c73... >hello.c~3
$ merge hello.c~2 hello.c~1 hello.c~3
------------------------------------------------
This would leave the merge result in `hello.c~2` file, along
with conflict markers if there are conflicts. After verifying
the merge result makes sense, you can tell git what the final
merge result for this file is by:
mv -f hello.c~2 hello.c
git-update-index hello.c
When a path is in unmerged state, running `git-update-index` for
that path tells git to mark the path resolved.
The above is the description of a git merge at the lowest level,
to help you understand what conceptually happens under the hood.
In practice, nobody, not even git itself, uses three `git-cat-file`
for this. There is `git-merge-index` program that extracts the
stages to temporary files and calls a "merge" script on it:
git-merge-index git-merge-one-file hello.c
and that is what higher level `git merge -s resolve` is implemented
with.

219
Documentation/diff-format.txt
View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
The output format from "git-diff-index", "git-diff-tree" and
"git-diff-files" are very similar.
The output format from "git-diff-index", "git-diff-tree",
"git-diff-files" and "git diff --raw" are very similar.
These commands all compare two sets of things; what is
These commands all compare two sets of things; what is
compared differs:
git-diff-index <tree-ish>::
@ -46,6 +46,22 @@ That is, from the left to the right:
. path for "dst"; only exists for C or R.
. an LF or a NUL when '-z' option is used, to terminate the record.
Possible status letters are:
- A: addition of a file
- C: copy of a file into a new one
- D: deletion of a file
- M: modification of the contents or mode of a file
- R: renaming of a file
- T: change in the type of the file
- U: file is unmerged (you must complete the merge before it can
be committed)
- X: "unknown" change type (most probably a bug, please report it)
Status letters C and R are always followed by a score (denoting the
percentage of similarity between the source and target of the move or
copy), and are the only ones to be so.
<sha1> is shown as all 0's if a file is new on the filesystem
and it is out of sync with the index.
@ -59,156 +75,89 @@ When `-z` option is not used, TAB, LF, and backslash characters
in pathnames are represented as `\t`, `\n`, and `\\`,
respectively.
diff format for merges
----------------------
Generating patches with -p
--------------------------
"git-diff-tree", "git-diff-files" and "git-diff --raw"
can take '-c' or '--cc' option
to generate diff output also for merge commits. The output differs
from the format described above in the following way:
When "git-diff-index", "git-diff-tree", or "git-diff-files" are run
with a '-p' option, they do not produce the output described above;
instead they produce a patch file. You can customize the creation
of such patches via the GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF and the GIT_DIFF_OPTS
environment variables.
. there is a colon for each parent
. there are more "src" modes and "src" sha1
. status is concatenated status characters for each parent
. no optional "score" number
. single path, only for "dst"
What the -p option produces is slightly different from the traditional
diff format.
Example:
1. It is preceded with a "git diff" header, that looks like
this:
------------------------------------------------
::100644 100644 100644 fabadb8... cc95eb0... 4866510... MM describe.c
------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/file1 b/file2
+
The `a/` and `b/` filenames are the same unless rename/copy is
involved. Especially, even for a creation or a deletion,
`/dev/null` is _not_ used in place of `a/` or `b/` filenames.
+
When rename/copy is involved, `file1` and `file2` show the
name of the source file of the rename/copy and the name of
the file that rename/copy produces, respectively.
2. It is followed by one or more extended header lines:
old mode <mode>
new mode <mode>
deleted file mode <mode>
new file mode <mode>
copy from <path>
copy to <path>
rename from <path>
rename to <path>
similarity index <number>
dissimilarity index <number>
index <hash>..<hash> <mode>
3. TAB, LF, double quote and backslash characters in pathnames
are represented as `\t`, `\n`, `\"` and `\\`, respectively.
If there is need for such substitution then the whole
pathname is put in double quotes.
Note that 'combined diff' lists only files which were modified from
all parents.
combined diff format
--------------------
include::diff-generate-patch.txt[]
git-diff-tree and git-diff-files can take '-c' or '--cc' option
to produce 'combined diff', which looks like this:
------------
diff --combined describe.c
index fabadb8,cc95eb0..4866510
--- a/describe.c
+++ b/describe.c
@@@ -98,20 -98,12 +98,20 @@@
return (a_date > b_date) ? -1 : (a_date == b_date) ? 0 : 1;
}
- static void describe(char *arg)
-static void describe(struct commit *cmit, int last_one)
++static void describe(char *arg, int last_one)
{
+ unsigned char sha1[20];
+ struct commit *cmit;
struct commit_list *list;
static int initialized = 0;
struct commit_name *n;
+ if (get_sha1(arg, sha1) < 0)
+ usage(describe_usage);
+ cmit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+ if (!cmit)
+ usage(describe_usage);
+
if (!initialized) {
initialized = 1;
for_each_ref(get_name);
------------
other diff formats
------------------
1. It is preceded with a "git diff" header, that looks like
this (when '-c' option is used):
The `--summary` option describes newly added, deleted, renamed and
copied files. The `--stat` option adds diffstat(1) graph to the
output. These options can be combined with other options, such as
`-p`, and are meant for human consumption.
diff --combined file
+
or like this (when '--cc' option is used):
When showing a change that involves a rename or a copy, `--stat` output
formats the pathnames compactly by combining common prefix and suffix of
the pathnames. For example, a change that moves `arch/i386/Makefile` to
`arch/x86/Makefile` while modifying 4 lines will be shown like this:
diff --c file
------------------------------------
arch/{i386 => x86}/Makefile | 4 +--
------------------------------------
2. It is followed by one or more extended header lines
(this example shows a merge with two parents):
The `--numstat` option gives the diffstat(1) information but is designed
for easier machine consumption. An entry in `--numstat` output looks
like this:
index <hash>,<hash>..<hash>
mode <mode>,<mode>..<mode>
new file mode <mode>
deleted file mode <mode>,<mode>
+
The `mode <mode>,<mode>..<mode>` line appears only if at least one of
the <mode> is different from the rest. Extended headers with
information about detected contents movement (renames and
copying detection) are designed to work with diff of two
<tree-ish> and are not used by combined diff format.
----------------------------------------
1 2 README
3 1 arch/{i386 => x86}/Makefile
----------------------------------------
3. It is followed by two-line from-file/to-file header
That is, from left to right:
--- a/file
+++ b/file
+
Similar to two-line header for traditional 'unified' diff
format, `/dev/null` is used to signal created or deleted
files.
. the number of added lines;
. a tab;
. the number of deleted lines;
. a tab;
. pathname (possibly with rename/copy information);
. a newline.
4. Chunk header format is modified to prevent people from
accidentally feeding it to `patch -p1`. Combined diff format
was created for review of merge commit changes, and was not
meant for apply. The change is similar to the change in the
extended 'index' header:
When `-z` output option is in effect, the output is formatted this way:
@@@ <from-file-range> <from-file-range> <to-file-range> @@@
+
There are (number of parents + 1) `@` characters in the chunk
header for combined diff format.
----------------------------------------
1 2 README NUL
3 1 NUL arch/i386/Makefile NUL arch/x86/Makefile NUL
----------------------------------------
Unlike the traditional 'unified' diff format, which shows two
files A and B with a single column that has `-` (minus --
appears in A but removed in B), `+` (plus -- missing in A but
added to B), or `" "` (space -- unchanged) prefix, this format
compares two or more files file1, file2,... with one file X, and
shows how X differs from each of fileN. One column for each of
fileN is prepended to the output line to note how X's line is
different from it.
That is:
A `-` character in the column N means that the line appears in
fileN but it does not appear in the result. A `+` character
in the column N means that the line appears in the last file,
and fileN does not have that line (in other words, the line was
added, from the point of view of that parent).
In the above example output, the function signature was changed
from both files (hence two `-` removals from both file1 and
file2, plus `++` to mean one line that was added does not appear
in either file1 nor file2). Also two other lines are the same
from file1 but do not appear in file2 (hence prefixed with ` +`).
When shown by `git diff-tree -c`, it compares the parents of a
merge commit with the merge result (i.e. file1..fileN are the
parents). When shown by `git diff-files -c`, it compares the
two unresolved merge parents with the working tree file
(i.e. file1 is stage 2 aka "our version", file2 is stage 3 aka
"their version").
. the number of added lines;
. a tab;
. the number of deleted lines;
. a tab;
. a NUL (only exists if renamed/copied);
. pathname in preimage;
. a NUL (only exists if renamed/copied);
. pathname in postimage (only exists if renamed/copied);
. a NUL.
The extra `NUL` before the preimage path in renamed case is to allow
scripts that read the output to tell if the current record being read is
a single-path record or a rename/copy record without reading ahead.
After reading added and deleted lines, reading up to `NUL` would yield
the pathname, but if that is `NUL`, the record will show two paths.

161
Documentation/diff-generate-patch.txt Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
Generating patches with -p
--------------------------
When "git-diff-index", "git-diff-tree", or "git-diff-files" are run
with a '-p' option, "git diff" without the '--raw' option, or
"git log" with the "-p" option, they
do not produce the output described above; instead they produce a
patch file. You can customize the creation of such patches via the
GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF and the GIT_DIFF_OPTS environment variables.
What the -p option produces is slightly different from the traditional
diff format.
1. It is preceded with a "git diff" header, that looks like
this:
diff --git a/file1 b/file2
+
The `a/` and `b/` filenames are the same unless rename/copy is
involved. Especially, even for a creation or a deletion,
`/dev/null` is _not_ used in place of `a/` or `b/` filenames.
+
When rename/copy is involved, `file1` and `file2` show the
name of the source file of the rename/copy and the name of
the file that rename/copy produces, respectively.
2. It is followed by one or more extended header lines:
old mode <mode>
new mode <mode>
deleted file mode <mode>
new file mode <mode>
copy from <path>
copy to <path>
rename from <path>
rename to <path>
similarity index <number>
dissimilarity index <number>
index <hash>..<hash> <mode>
3. TAB, LF, double quote and backslash characters in pathnames
are represented as `\t`, `\n`, `\"` and `\\`, respectively.
If there is need for such substitution then the whole
pathname is put in double quotes.
The similarity index is the percentage of unchanged lines, and
the dissimilarity index is the percentage of changed lines. It
is a rounded down integer, followed by a percent sign. The
similarity index value of 100% is thus reserved for two equal
files, while 100% dissimilarity means that no line from the old
file made it into the new one.
combined diff format
--------------------
"git-diff-tree", "git-diff-files" and "git-diff" can take '-c' or
'--cc' option to produce 'combined diff'. For showing a merge commit
with "git log -p", this is the default format.
A 'combined diff' format looks like this:
------------
diff --combined describe.c
index fabadb8,cc95eb0..4866510
--- a/describe.c
+++ b/describe.c
@@@ -98,20 -98,12 +98,20 @@@
return (a_date > b_date) ? -1 : (a_date == b_date) ? 0 : 1;
}
- static void describe(char *arg)
-static void describe(struct commit *cmit, int last_one)
++static void describe(char *arg, int last_one)
{
+ unsigned char sha1[20];
+ struct commit *cmit;
struct commit_list *list;
static int initialized = 0;
struct commit_name *n;
+ if (get_sha1(arg, sha1) < 0)
+ usage(describe_usage);
+ cmit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+ if (!cmit)
+ usage(describe_usage);
+
if (!initialized) {
initialized = 1;
for_each_ref(get_name);
------------
1. It is preceded with a "git diff" header, that looks like
this (when '-c' option is used):
diff --combined file
+
or like this (when '--cc' option is used):
diff --cc file
2. It is followed by one or more extended header lines
(this example shows a merge with two parents):
index <hash>,<hash>..<hash>
mode <mode>,<mode>..<mode>
new file mode <mode>
deleted file mode <mode>,<mode>
+
The `mode <mode>,<mode>..<mode>` line appears only if at least one of
the <mode> is different from the rest. Extended headers with
information about detected contents movement (renames and
copying detection) are designed to work with diff of two
<tree-ish> and are not used by combined diff format.
3. It is followed by two-line from-file/to-file header
--- a/file
+++ b/file
+
Similar to two-line header for traditional 'unified' diff
format, `/dev/null` is used to signal created or deleted
files.
4. Chunk header format is modified to prevent people from
accidentally feeding it to `patch -p1`. Combined diff format
was created for review of merge commit changes, and was not
meant for apply. The change is similar to the change in the
extended 'index' header:
@@@ <from-file-range> <from-file-range> <to-file-range> @@@
+
There are (number of parents + 1) `@` characters in the chunk
header for combined diff format.
Unlike the traditional 'unified' diff format, which shows two
files A and B with a single column that has `-` (minus --
appears in A but removed in B), `+` (plus -- missing in A but
added to B), or `" "` (space -- unchanged) prefix, this format
compares two or more files file1, file2,... with one file X, and
shows how X differs from each of fileN. One column for each of
fileN is prepended to the output line to note how X's line is
different from it.
A `-` character in the column N means that the line appears in
fileN but it does not appear in the result. A `+` character
in the column N means that the line appears in the result,
and fileN does not have that line (in other words, the line was
added, from the point of view of that parent).
In the above example output, the function signature was changed
from both files (hence two `-` removals from both file1 and
file2, plus `++` to mean one line that was added does not appear
in either file1 nor file2). Also eight other lines are the same
from file1 but do not appear in file2 (hence prefixed with `{plus}`).
When shown by `git diff-tree -c`, it compares the parents of a
merge commit with the merge result (i.e. file1..fileN are the
parents). When shown by `git diff-files -c`, it compares the
two unresolved merge parents with the working tree file
(i.e. file1 is stage 2 aka "our version", file2 is stage 3 aka
"their version").

160
Documentation/diff-options.txt
View file

@ -1,15 +1,44 @@
-p::
Generate patch (see section on generating patches)
// Please don't remove this comment as asciidoc behaves badly when
// the first non-empty line is ifdef/ifndef. The symptom is that
// without this comment the <git-diff-core> attribute conditionally
// defined below ends up being defined unconditionally.
// Last checked with asciidoc 7.0.2.
ifndef::git-format-patch[]
ifndef::git-diff[]
ifndef::git-log[]
:git-diff-core: 1
endif::git-log[]
endif::git-diff[]
endif::git-format-patch[]
ifdef::git-format-patch[]
-p::
Generate patches without diffstat.
endif::git-format-patch[]
ifndef::git-format-patch[]
-p::
-u::
Synonym for "-p".
Generate patch (see section on generating patches).
{git-diff? This is the default.}
endif::git-format-patch[]
-U<n>::
--unified=<n>::
Generate diffs with <n> lines of context instead of
the usual three. Implies "-p".
--raw::
Generate the raw format.
{git-diff-core? This is the default.}
--patch-with-raw::
Synonym for "-p --raw".
--patience::
Generate a diff using the "patience diff" algorithm.
--stat[=width[,name-width]]::
Generate a diffstat. You can override the default
output width for 80-column terminal by "--stat=width".
@ -28,21 +57,35 @@
number of modified files, as well as number of added and deleted
lines.
--dirstat[=limit]::
Output the distribution of relative amount of changes (number of lines added or
removed) for each sub-directory. Directories with changes below
a cut-off percent (3% by default) are not shown. The cut-off percent
can be set with "--dirstat=limit". Changes in a child directory is not
counted for the parent directory, unless "--cumulative" is used.
--dirstat-by-file[=limit]::
Same as --dirstat, but counts changed files instead of lines.
--summary::
Output a condensed summary of extended header information
such as creations, renames and mode changes.
--patch-with-stat::
Synonym for "-p --stat".
{git-format-patch? This is the default.}
-z::
\0 line termination on output
NUL-line termination on output. This affects the --raw
output field terminator. Also output from commands such
as "git-log" will be delimited with NUL between commits.
--name-only::
Show only names of changed files.
--name-status::
Show only names and status of changed files.
Show only names and status of changed files. See the description
of the `--diff-filter` option on what the status letters mean.
--color::
Show colored diff.
@ -51,8 +94,22 @@
Turn off colored diff, even when the configuration file
gives the default to color output.
--color-words::
Show colored word diff, i.e. color words which have changed.
--color-words[=<regex>]::
Show colored word diff, i.e., color words which have changed.
By default, words are separated by whitespace.
+
When a <regex> is specified, every non-overlapping match of the
<regex> is considered a word. Anything between these matches is
considered whitespace and ignored(!) for the purposes of finding
differences. You may want to append `|[^[:space:]]` to your regular
expression to make sure that it matches all non-whitespace characters.
A match that contains a newline is silently truncated(!) at the
newline.
+
The regex can also be set via a diff driver or configuration option, see
linkgit:gitattributes[1] or linkgit:git-config[1]. Giving it explicitly
overrides any diff driver or configuration setting. Diff drivers
override configuration settings.
--no-renames::
Turn off rename detection, even when the configuration
@ -60,12 +117,14 @@
--check::
Warn if changes introduce trailing whitespace
or an indent that uses a space before a tab.
or an indent that uses a space before a tab. Exits with
non-zero status if problems are found. Not compatible with
--exit-code.
--full-index::
Instead of the first handful characters, show full
object name of pre- and post-image blob on the "index"
line when generating a patch format output.
Instead of the first handful of characters, show the full
pre- and post-image blob object names on the "index"
line when generating patch format output.
--binary::
In addition to --full-index, output "binary diff" that
@ -74,7 +133,7 @@
--abbrev[=<n>]::
Instead of showing the full 40-byte hexadecimal object
name in diff-raw format output and diff-tree header
lines, show only handful hexdigits prefix. This is
lines, show only a partial prefix. This is
independent of --full-index option above, which controls
the diff-patch output format. Non default number of
digits can be specified with --abbrev=<n>.
@ -86,12 +145,13 @@
Detect renames.
-C::
Detect copies as well as renames.
Detect copies as well as renames. See also `--find-copies-harder`.
--diff-filter=[ACDMRTUXB*]::
Select only files that are Added (`A`), Copied (`C`),
Deleted (`D`), Modified (`M`), Renamed (`R`), have their
type (mode) changed (`T`), are Unmerged (`U`), are
type (i.e. regular file, symlink, submodule, ...) changed (`T`),
are Unmerged (`U`), are
Unknown (`X`), or have had their pairing Broken (`B`).
Any combination of the filter characters may be used.
When `*` (All-or-none) is added to the combination, all
@ -100,12 +160,13 @@
that matches other criteria, nothing is selected.
--find-copies-harder::
For performance reasons, by default, -C option finds copies only
if the original file of the copy was modified in the same
For performance reasons, by default, `-C` option finds copies only
if the original file of the copy was modified in the same
changeset. This flag makes the command
inspect unmodified files as candidates for the source of
copy. This is a very expensive operation for large
projects, so use it with caution.
projects, so use it with caution. Giving more than one
`-C` option has the same effect.
-l<num>::
-M and -C options require O(n^2) processing time where n
@ -115,7 +176,10 @@
number.
-S<string>::
Look for differences that contain the change in <string>.
Look for differences that introduce or remove an instance of
<string>. Note that this is different than the string simply
appearing in diff output; see the 'pickaxe' entry in
linkgit:gitdiffcore[7] for more details.
--pickaxe-all::
When -S finds a change, show all the changes in that
@ -134,30 +198,36 @@
Swap two inputs; that is, show differences from index or
on-disk file to tree contents.
--relative[=<path>]::
When run from a subdirectory of the project, it can be
told to exclude changes outside the directory and show
pathnames relative to it with this option. When you are
not in a subdirectory (e.g. in a bare repository), you
can name which subdirectory to make the output relative
to by giving a <path> as an argument.
-a::
--text::
Treat all files as text.
-a::
Shorthand for "--text".
--ignore-space-at-eol::
Ignore changes in white spaces at EOL.
--ignore-space-change::
Ignore changes in amount of white space. This ignores white
space at line end, and consider all other sequences of one or
more white space characters to be equivalent.
Ignore changes in whitespace at EOL.
-b::
Shorthand for "--ignore-space-change".
--ignore-all-space::
Ignore white space when comparing lines. This ignores
difference even if one line has white space where the other
line has none.
--ignore-space-change::
Ignore changes in amount of whitespace. This ignores whitespace
at line end, and considers all other sequences of one or
more whitespace characters to be equivalent.
-w::
Shorthand for "--ignore-all-space".
--ignore-all-space::
Ignore whitespace when comparing lines. This ignores
differences even if one line has whitespace where the other
line has none.
--inter-hunk-context=<lines>::
Show the context between diff hunks, up to the specified number
of lines, thereby fusing hunks that are close to each other.
--exit-code::
Make the program exit with codes similar to diff(1).
@ -167,5 +237,25 @@
--quiet::
Disable all output of the program. Implies --exit-code.
--ext-diff::
Allow an external diff helper to be executed. If you set an
external diff driver with linkgit:gitattributes[5], you need
to use this option with linkgit:git-log[1] and friends.
--no-ext-diff::
Disallow external diff drivers.
--ignore-submodules::
Ignore changes to submodules in the diff generation.
--src-prefix=<prefix>::
Show the given source prefix instead of "a/".
--dst-prefix=<prefix>::
Show the given destination prefix instead of "b/".
--no-prefix::
Do not show any source or destination prefix.
For more detailed explanation on these common options, see also
link:diffcore.html[diffcore documentation].
linkgit:gitdiffcore[7].

582
Documentation/docbook-xsl.css
View file

@ -1,286 +1,296 @@
/*
CSS stylesheet for XHTML produced by DocBook XSL stylesheets.
Tested with XSL stylesheets 1.61.2, 1.67.2
*/
span.strong {
font-weight: bold;
}
body blockquote {
margin-top: .75em;
line-height: 1.5;
margin-bottom: .75em;
}
html body {
margin: 1em 5% 1em 5%;
line-height: 1.2;
}
body div {
margin: 0;
}
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6,
div.toc p b,
div.list-of-figures p b,
div.list-of-tables p b,
div.abstract p.title
{
color: #527bbd;
font-family: tahoma, verdana, sans-serif;
}
div.toc p:first-child,
div.list-of-figures p:first-child,
div.list-of-tables p:first-child,
div.example p.title
{
margin-bottom: 0.2em;
}
body h1 {
margin: .0em 0 0 -4%;
line-height: 1.3;
border-bottom: 2px solid silver;
}
body h2 {
margin: 0.5em 0 0 -4%;
line-height: 1.3;
border-bottom: 2px solid silver;
}
body h3 {
margin: .8em 0 0 -3%;
line-height: 1.3;
}
body h4 {
margin: .8em 0 0 -3%;
line-height: 1.3;
}
body h5 {
margin: .8em 0 0 -2%;
line-height: 1.3;
}
body h6 {
margin: .8em 0 0 -1%;
line-height: 1.3;
}
body hr {
border: none; /* Broken on IE6 */
}
div.footnotes hr {
border: 1px solid silver;
}
div.navheader th, div.navheader td, div.navfooter td {
font-family: sans-serif;
font-size: 0.9em;
font-weight: bold;
color: #527bbd;
}
div.navheader img, div.navfooter img {
border-style: none;
}
div.navheader a, div.navfooter a {
font-weight: normal;
}
div.navfooter hr {
border: 1px solid silver;
}
body td {
line-height: 1.2
}
body th {
line-height: 1.2;
}
ol {
line-height: 1.2;
}
ul, body dir, body menu {
line-height: 1.2;
}
html {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
body h1, body h2, body h3, body h4, body h5, body h6 {
margin-left: 0
}
body pre {
margin: 0.5em 10% 0.5em 1em;
line-height: 1.0;
color: navy;
}
tt.literal, code.literal {
color: navy;
}
div.literallayout p {
padding: 0em;
margin: 0em;
}
div.literallayout {
font-family: monospace;
# margin: 0.5em 10% 0.5em 1em;
margin: 0em;
color: navy;
border: 1px solid silver;
background: #f4f4f4;
padding: 0.5em;
}
.programlisting, .screen {
border: 1px solid silver;
background: #f4f4f4;
margin: 0.5em 10% 0.5em 0;
padding: 0.5em 1em;
}
div.sidebar {
background: #ffffee;
margin: 1.0em 10% 0.5em 0;
padding: 0.5em 1em;
border: 1px solid silver;
}
div.sidebar * { padding: 0; }
div.sidebar div { margin: 0; }
div.sidebar p.title {
font-family: sans-serif;
margin-top: 0.5em;
margin-bottom: 0.2em;
}
div.bibliomixed {
margin: 0.5em 5% 0.5em 1em;
}
div.glossary dt {
font-weight: bold;
}
div.glossary dd p {
margin-top: 0.2em;
}
dl {
margin: .8em 0;
line-height: 1.2;
}
dt {
margin-top: 0.5em;
}
dt span.term {
font-style: italic;
}
div.variablelist dd p {
margin-top: 0;
}
div.itemizedlist li, div.orderedlist li {
margin-left: -0.8em;
margin-top: 0.5em;
}
ul, ol {
list-style-position: outside;
}
div.sidebar ul, div.sidebar ol {
margin-left: 2.8em;
}
div.itemizedlist p.title,
div.orderedlist p.title,
div.variablelist p.title
{
margin-bottom: -0.8em;
}
div.revhistory table {
border-collapse: collapse;
border: none;
}
div.revhistory th {
border: none;
color: #527bbd;
font-family: tahoma, verdana, sans-serif;
}
div.revhistory td {
border: 1px solid silver;
}
/* Keep TOC and index lines close together. */
div.toc dl, div.toc dt,
div.list-of-figures dl, div.list-of-figures dt,
div.list-of-tables dl, div.list-of-tables dt,
div.indexdiv dl, div.indexdiv dt
{
line-height: normal;
margin-top: 0;
margin-bottom: 0;
}
/*
Table styling does not work because of overriding attributes in
generated HTML.
*/
div.table table,
div.informaltable table
{
margin-left: 0;
margin-right: 5%;
margin-bottom: 0.8em;
}
div.informaltable table
{
margin-top: 0.4em
}
div.table thead,
div.table tfoot,
div.table tbody,
div.informaltable thead,
div.informaltable tfoot,
div.informaltable tbody
{
/* No effect in IE6. */
border-top: 2px solid #527bbd;
border-bottom: 2px solid #527bbd;
}
div.table thead, div.table tfoot,
div.informaltable thead, div.informaltable tfoot
{
font-weight: bold;
}
div.mediaobject img {
border: 1px solid silver;
margin-bottom: 0.8em;
}
div.figure p.title,
div.table p.title
{
margin-top: 1em;
margin-bottom: 0.4em;
}
@media print {
div.navheader, div.navfooter { display: none; }
}
/*
CSS stylesheet for XHTML produced by DocBook XSL stylesheets.
Tested with XSL stylesheets 1.61.2, 1.67.2
*/
span.strong {
font-weight: bold;
}
body blockquote {
margin-top: .75em;
line-height: 1.5;
margin-bottom: .75em;
}
html body {
margin: 1em 5% 1em 5%;
line-height: 1.2;
font-family: sans-serif;
}
body div {
margin: 0;
}
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6,
div.toc p b,
div.list-of-figures p b,
div.list-of-tables p b,
div.abstract p.title
{
color: #527bbd;
font-family: tahoma, verdana, sans-serif;
}
div.toc p:first-child,
div.list-of-figures p:first-child,
div.list-of-tables p:first-child,
div.example p.title
{
margin-bottom: 0.2em;
}
body h1 {
margin: .0em 0 0 -4%;
line-height: 1.3;
border-bottom: 2px solid silver;
}
body h2 {
margin: 0.5em 0 0 -4%;
line-height: 1.3;
border-bottom: 2px solid silver;
}
body h3 {
margin: .8em 0 0 -3%;
line-height: 1.3;
}
body h4 {
margin: .8em 0 0 -3%;
line-height: 1.3;
}
body h5 {
margin: .8em 0 0 -2%;
line-height: 1.3;
}
body h6 {
margin: .8em 0 0 -1%;
line-height: 1.3;
}
body hr {
border: none; /* Broken on IE6 */
}
div.footnotes hr {
border: 1px solid silver;
}
div.navheader th, div.navheader td, div.navfooter td {
font-family: sans-serif;
font-size: 0.9em;
font-weight: bold;
color: #527bbd;
}
div.navheader img, div.navfooter img {
border-style: none;
}
div.navheader a, div.navfooter a {
font-weight: normal;
}
div.navfooter hr {
border: 1px solid silver;
}
body td {
line-height: 1.2
}
body th {
line-height: 1.2;
}
ol {
line-height: 1.2;
}
ul, body dir, body menu {
line-height: 1.2;
}
html {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
body h1, body h2, body h3, body h4, body h5, body h6 {
margin-left: 0
}
body pre {
margin: 0.5em 10% 0.5em 1em;
line-height: 1.0;
color: navy;
}
tt.literal, code.literal {
color: navy;
font-family: sans-serif;
}
code.literal:before { content: "'"; }
code.literal:after { content: "'"; }
em {
font-style: italic;
color: #064;
}
div.literallayout p {
padding: 0em;
margin: 0em;
}
div.literallayout {
font-family: monospace;
margin: 0em;
color: navy;
border: 1px solid silver;
background: #f4f4f4;
padding: 0.5em;
}
.programlisting, .screen {
border: 1px solid silver;
background: #f4f4f4;
margin: 0.5em 10% 0.5em 0;
padding: 0.5em 1em;
}
div.sidebar {
background: #ffffee;
margin: 1.0em 10% 0.5em 0;
padding: 0.5em 1em;
border: 1px solid silver;
}
div.sidebar * { padding: 0; }
div.sidebar div { margin: 0; }
div.sidebar p.title {
font-family: sans-serif;
margin-top: 0.5em;
margin-bottom: 0.2em;
}
div.bibliomixed {
margin: 0.5em 5% 0.5em 1em;
}
div.glossary dt {
font-weight: bold;
}
div.glossary dd p {
margin-top: 0.2em;
}
dl {
margin: .8em 0;
line-height: 1.2;
}
dt {
margin-top: 0.5em;
}
dt span.term {
font-style: normal;
color: navy;
}
div.variablelist dd p {
margin-top: 0;
}
div.itemizedlist li, div.orderedlist li {
margin-left: -0.8em;
margin-top: 0.5em;
}
ul, ol {
list-style-position: outside;
}
div.sidebar ul, div.sidebar ol {
margin-left: 2.8em;
}
div.itemizedlist p.title,
div.orderedlist p.title,
div.variablelist p.title
{
margin-bottom: -0.8em;
}
div.revhistory table {
border-collapse: collapse;
border: none;
}
div.revhistory th {
border: none;
color: #527bbd;
font-family: tahoma, verdana, sans-serif;
}
div.revhistory td {
border: 1px solid silver;
}
/* Keep TOC and index lines close together. */
div.toc dl, div.toc dt,
div.list-of-figures dl, div.list-of-figures dt,
div.list-of-tables dl, div.list-of-tables dt,
div.indexdiv dl, div.indexdiv dt
{
line-height: normal;
margin-top: 0;
margin-bottom: 0;
}
/*
Table styling does not work because of overriding attributes in
generated HTML.
*/
div.table table,
div.informaltable table
{
margin-left: 0;
margin-right: 5%;
margin-bottom: 0.8em;
}
div.informaltable table
{
margin-top: 0.4em
}
div.table thead,
div.table tfoot,
div.table tbody,
div.informaltable thead,
div.informaltable tfoot,
div.informaltable tbody
{
/* No effect in IE6. */
border-top: 2px solid #527bbd;
border-bottom: 2px solid #527bbd;
}
div.table thead, div.table tfoot,
div.informaltable thead, div.informaltable tfoot
{
font-weight: bold;
}
div.mediaobject img {
border: 1px solid silver;
margin-bottom: 0.8em;
}
div.figure p.title,
div.table p.title
{
margin-top: 1em;
margin-bottom: 0.4em;
}
@media print {
div.navheader, div.navfooter { display: none; }
}

5
Documentation/docbook.xsl Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
version='1.0'>
<xsl:import href="http://docbook.sourceforge.net/release/xsl/current/html/docbook.xsl"/>
<xsl:output method="html" encoding="UTF-8" indent="no" />
</xsl:stylesheet>

71
Documentation/everyday.txt
View file

@ -25,16 +25,12 @@ Basic Repository[[Basic Repository]]
Everybody uses these commands to maintain git repositories.
* gitlink:git-init[1] or gitlink:git-clone[1] to create a
* linkgit:git-init[1] or linkgit:git-clone[1] to create a
new repository.
* gitlink:git-fsck[1] to check the repository for errors.
* linkgit:git-fsck[1] to check the repository for errors.
* gitlink:git-prune[1] to remove unused objects in the repository.
* gitlink:git-repack[1] to pack loose objects for efficiency.
* gitlink:git-gc[1] to do common housekeeping tasks such as
* linkgit:git-gc[1] to do common housekeeping tasks such as
repack and prune.
Examples
@ -45,24 +41,19 @@ Check health and remove cruft.::
------------
$ git fsck <1>
$ git count-objects <2>
$ git repack <3>
$ git gc <4>
$ git gc <3>
------------
+
<1> running without `\--full` is usually cheap and assures the
repository health reasonably well.
<2> check how many loose objects there are and how much
disk space is wasted by not repacking.
<3> without `-a` repacks incrementally. repacking every 4-5MB
of loose objects accumulation may be a good rule of thumb.
<4> it is easier to use `git gc` than individual housekeeping commands
such as `prune` and `repack`. This runs `repack -a -d`.
<3> repacks the local repository and performs other housekeeping tasks.
Repack a small project into single pack.::
+
------------
$ git repack -a -d <1>
$ git prune
$ git gc <1>
------------
+
<1> pack all the objects reachable from the refs into one pack,
@ -76,28 +67,28 @@ A standalone individual developer does not exchange patches with
other people, and works alone in a single repository, using the
following commands.
* gitlink:git-show-branch[1] to see where you are.
* linkgit:git-show-branch[1] to see where you are.
* gitlink:git-log[1] to see what happened.
* linkgit:git-log[1] to see what happened.
* gitlink:git-checkout[1] and gitlink:git-branch[1] to switch
* linkgit:git-checkout[1] and linkgit:git-branch[1] to switch
branches.
* gitlink:git-add[1] to manage the index file.
* linkgit:git-add[1] to manage the index file.
* gitlink:git-diff[1] and gitlink:git-status[1] to see what
* linkgit:git-diff[1] and linkgit:git-status[1] to see what
you are in the middle of doing.
* gitlink:git-commit[1] to advance the current branch.
* linkgit:git-commit[1] to advance the current branch.
* gitlink:git-reset[1] and gitlink:git-checkout[1] (with
* linkgit:git-reset[1] and linkgit:git-checkout[1] (with
pathname parameters) to undo changes.
* gitlink:git-merge[1] to merge between local branches.
* linkgit:git-merge[1] to merge between local branches.
* gitlink:git-rebase[1] to maintain topic branches.
* linkgit:git-rebase[1] to maintain topic branches.
* gitlink:git-tag[1] to mark known point.
* linkgit:git-tag[1] to mark known point.
Examples
~~~~~~~~
@ -107,9 +98,9 @@ Use a tarball as a starting point for a new repository.::
------------
$ tar zxf frotz.tar.gz
$ cd frotz
$ git-init
$ git init
$ git add . <1>
$ git commit -m 'import of frotz source tree.'
$ git commit -m "import of frotz source tree."
$ git tag v2.43 <2>
------------
+
@ -163,16 +154,16 @@ A developer working as a participant in a group project needs to
learn how to communicate with others, and uses these commands in
addition to the ones needed by a standalone developer.
* gitlink:git-clone[1] from the upstream to prime your local
* linkgit:git-clone[1] from the upstream to prime your local
repository.
* gitlink:git-pull[1] and gitlink:git-fetch[1] from "origin"
* linkgit:git-pull[1] and linkgit:git-fetch[1] from "origin"
to keep up-to-date with the upstream.
* gitlink:git-push[1] to shared repository, if you adopt CVS
* linkgit:git-push[1] to shared repository, if you adopt CVS
style shared repository workflow.
* gitlink:git-format-patch[1] to prepare e-mail submission, if
* linkgit:git-format-patch[1] to prepare e-mail submission, if
you adopt Linux kernel-style public forum workflow.
Examples
@ -189,7 +180,7 @@ $ git pull <3>
$ git log -p ORIG_HEAD.. arch/i386 include/asm-i386 <4>
$ git pull git://git.kernel.org/pub/.../jgarzik/libata-dev.git ALL <5>
$ git reset --hard ORIG_HEAD <6>
$ git prune <7>
$ git gc <7>
$ git fetch --tags <8>
------------
+
@ -265,17 +256,17 @@ project receives changes made by others, reviews and integrates
them and publishes the result for others to use, using these
commands in addition to the ones needed by participants.
* gitlink:git-am[1] to apply patches e-mailed in from your
* linkgit:git-am[1] to apply patches e-mailed in from your
contributors.
* gitlink:git-pull[1] to merge from your trusted lieutenants.
* linkgit:git-pull[1] to merge from your trusted lieutenants.
* gitlink:git-format-patch[1] to prepare and send suggested
* linkgit:git-format-patch[1] to prepare and send suggested
alternative to contributors.
* gitlink:git-revert[1] to undo botched commits.
* linkgit:git-revert[1] to undo botched commits.
* gitlink:git-push[1] to publish the bleeding edge.
* linkgit:git-push[1] to publish the bleeding edge.
Examples
@ -300,7 +291,7 @@ $ git merge topic/one topic/two && git merge hold/linus <8>
$ git checkout maint
$ git cherry-pick master~4 <9>
$ compile/test
$ git tag -s -m 'GIT 0.99.9x' v0.99.9x <10>
$ git tag -s -m "GIT 0.99.9x" v0.99.9x <10>
$ git fetch ko && git show-branch master maint 'tags/ko-*' <11>
$ git push ko <12>
$ git push ko v0.99.9x <13>
@ -350,10 +341,10 @@ Repository Administration[[Repository Administration]]
A repository administrator uses the following tools to set up
and maintain access to the repository by developers.
* gitlink:git-daemon[1] to allow anonymous download from
* linkgit:git-daemon[1] to allow anonymous download from
repository.
* gitlink:git-shell[1] can be used as a 'restricted login shell'
* linkgit:git-shell[1] can be used as a 'restricted login shell'
for shared central repository users.
link:howto/update-hook-example.txt[update hook howto] has a good

62
Documentation/fetch-options.txt
View file

@ -1,28 +1,45 @@
-a, \--append::
-q::
--quiet::
Pass --quiet to git-fetch-pack and silence any other internally
used programs.
-v::
--verbose::
Be verbose.
-a::
--append::
Append ref names and object names of fetched refs to the
existing contents of `.git/FETCH_HEAD`. Without this
option old data in `.git/FETCH_HEAD` will be overwritten.
\--upload-pack <upload-pack>::
When given, and the repository to fetch from is handled
by 'git-fetch-pack', '--exec=<upload-pack>' is passed to
the command to specify non-default path for the command
run on the other end.
--upload-pack <upload-pack>::
When given, and the repository to fetch from is handled
by 'git-fetch-pack', '--exec=<upload-pack>' is passed to
the command to specify non-default path for the command
run on the other end.
-f, \--force::
When `git-fetch` is used with `<rbranch>:<lbranch>`
-f::
--force::
When 'git-fetch' is used with `<rbranch>:<lbranch>`
refspec, it refuses to update the local branch
`<lbranch>` unless the remote branch `<rbranch>` it
fetches is a descendant of `<lbranch>`. This option
overrides that check.
\--no-tags::
By default, `git-fetch` fetches tags that point at
objects that are downloaded from the remote repository
and stores them locally. This option disables this
automatic tag following.
ifdef::git-pull[]
--no-tags::
endif::git-pull[]
ifndef::git-pull[]
-n::
--no-tags::
endif::git-pull[]
By default, tags that point at objects that are downloaded
from the remote repository are fetched and stored locally.
This option disables this automatic tag following.
-t, \--tags::
-t::
--tags::
Most of the tags are fetched automatically as branch
heads are downloaded, but tags that do not point at
objects reachable from the branch heads that are being
@ -30,19 +47,20 @@
flag lets all tags and their associated objects be
downloaded.
-k, \--keep::
-k::
--keep::
Keep downloaded pack.
-u, \--update-head-ok::
By default `git-fetch` refuses to update the head which
-u::
--update-head-ok::
By default 'git-fetch' refuses to update the head which
corresponds to the current branch. This flag disables the
check. This is purely for the internal use for `git-pull`
to communicate with `git-fetch`, and unless you are
check. This is purely for the internal use for 'git-pull'
to communicate with 'git-fetch', and unless you are
implementing your own Porcelain you are not supposed to
use it.
\--depth=<depth>::
--depth=<depth>::
Deepen the history of a 'shallow' repository created by
`git clone` with `--depth=<depth>` option (see gitlink:git-clone[1])
`git clone` with `--depth=<depth>` option (see linkgit:git-clone[1])
by the specified number of commits.

15
Documentation/fix-texi.perl Executable file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
while (<>) {
if (/^\@setfilename/) {
$_ = "\@setfilename git.info\n";
} elsif (/^\@direntry/) {
print '@dircategory Development
@direntry
* Git: (git). A fast distributed revision control system
@end direntry
'; }
unless (/^\@direntry/../^\@end direntry/) {
print;
}
}

194
Documentation/git-add.txt
View file

@ -3,40 +3,48 @@ git-add(1)
NAME
----
git-add - Add file contents to the changeset to be committed next
git-add - Add file contents to the index
SYNOPSIS
--------
'git-add' [-n] [-v] [-f] [--interactive | -i] [--] <file>...
[verse]
'git add' [-n] [-v] [--force | -f] [--interactive | -i] [--patch | -p]
[--edit | -e] [--all | [--update | -u]] [--intent-to-add | -N]
[--refresh] [--ignore-errors] [--] <filepattern>...
DESCRIPTION
-----------
All the changed file contents to be committed together in a single set
of changes must be "added" with the 'add' command before using the
'commit' command. This is not only for adding new files. Even modified
files must be added to the set of changes about to be committed.
This command adds the current content of new or modified files to the
index, thus staging that content for inclusion in the next commit.
This command can be performed multiple times before a commit. The added
content corresponds to the state of specified file(s) at the time the
'add' command is used. This means the 'commit' command will not consider
subsequent changes to already added content if it is not added again before
the commit.
The "index" holds a snapshot of the content of the working tree, and it
is this snapshot that is taken as the contents of the next commit. Thus
after making any changes to the working directory, and before running
the commit command, you must use the 'add' command to add any new or
modified files to the index.
The 'git status' command can be used to obtain a summary of what is included
for the next commit.
This command can be performed multiple times before a commit. It only
adds the content of the specified file(s) at the time the add command is
run; if you want subsequent changes included in the next commit, then
you must run 'git add' again to add the new content to the index.
This command can be used to add ignored files with `-f` (force)
option, but they have to be
explicitly and exactly specified from the command line. File globbing
and recursive behaviour do not add ignored files.
The 'git status' command can be used to obtain a summary of which
files have changes that are staged for the next commit.
Please see gitlink:git-commit[1] for alternative ways to add content to a
The 'git add' command will not add ignored files by default. If any
ignored files were explicitly specified on the command line, 'git add'
will fail with a list of ignored files. Ignored files reached by
directory recursion or filename globbing performed by Git (quote your
globs before the shell) will be silently ignored. The 'add' command can
be used to add ignored files with the `-f` (force) option.
Please see linkgit:git-commit[1] for alternative ways to add content to a
commit.
OPTIONS
-------
<file>...::
<filepattern>...::
Files to add content from. Fileglobs (e.g. `*.c`) can
be given to add all matching files. Also a
leading directory name (e.g. `dir` to add `dir/file1`
@ -44,17 +52,72 @@ OPTIONS
directory, recursively.
-n::
--dry-run::
Don't actually add the file(s), just show if they exist.
-v::
--verbose::
Be verbose.
-f::
--force::
Allow adding otherwise ignored files.
-i, \--interactive::
-i::
--interactive::
Add modified contents in the working tree interactively to
the index.
the index. Optional path arguments may be supplied to limit
operation to a subset of the working tree. See ``Interactive
mode'' for details.
-p::
--patch::
Similar to Interactive mode but the initial command loop is
bypassed and the 'patch' subcommand is invoked using each of
the specified filepatterns before exiting.
-e, \--edit::
Open the diff vs. the index in an editor and let the user
edit it. After the editor was closed, adjust the hunk headers
and apply the patch to the index.
+
*NOTE*: Obviously, if you change anything else than the first character
on lines beginning with a space or a minus, the patch will no longer
apply.
-u::
--update::
Update only files that git already knows about, staging modified
content for commit and marking deleted files for removal. This
is similar
to what "git commit -a" does in preparation for making a commit,
except that the update is limited to paths specified on the
command line. If no paths are specified, all tracked files in the
current directory and its subdirectories are updated.
-A::
--all::
Update files that git already knows about (same as '\--update')
and add all untracked files that are not ignored by '.gitignore'
mechanism.
-N::
--intent-to-add::
Record only the fact that the path will be added later. An entry
for the path is placed in the index with no content. This is
useful for, among other things, showing the unstaged content of
such files with 'git diff' and committing them with 'git commit
-a'.
--refresh::
Don't add the file(s), but only refresh their stat()
information in the index.
--ignore-errors::
If some files could not be added because of errors indexing
them, do not abort the operation, but continue adding the
others. The command shall still exit with non-zero status.
\--::
This option can be used to separate command-line options from
@ -62,23 +125,38 @@ OPTIONS
for command-line options).
Configuration
-------------
The optional configuration variable 'core.excludesfile' indicates a path to a
file containing patterns of file names to exclude from git-add, similar to
$GIT_DIR/info/exclude. Patterns in the exclude file are used in addition to
those in info/exclude. See linkgit:gitrepository-layout[5].
EXAMPLES
--------
git-add Documentation/\\*.txt::
Adds content from all `\*.txt` files under `Documentation`
directory and its subdirectories.
* Adds content from all `\*.txt` files under `Documentation` directory
and its subdirectories:
+
------------
$ git add Documentation/\\*.txt
------------
+
Note that the asterisk `\*` is quoted from the shell in this
example; this lets the command to include the files from
example; this lets the command include the files from
subdirectories of `Documentation/` directory.
git-add git-*.sh::
Considers adding content from all git-*.sh scripts.
Because this example lets shell expand the asterisk
(i.e. you are listing the files explicitly), it does not
consider `subdir/git-foo.sh`.
* Considers adding content from all git-*.sh scripts:
+
------------
$ git add git-*.sh
------------
+
Because this example lets the shell expand the asterisk (i.e. you are
listing the files explicitly), it does not consider
`subdir/git-foo.sh`.
Interactive mode
----------------
@ -129,12 +207,13 @@ one deletion).
update::
This shows the status information and gives prompt
"Update>>". When the prompt ends with double '>>', you can
This shows the status information and issues an "Update>>"
prompt. When the prompt ends with double '>>', you can
make more than one selection, concatenated with whitespace or
comma. Also you can say ranges. E.g. "2-5 7,9" to choose
2,3,4,5,7,9 from the list. You can say '*' to choose
everything.
2,3,4,5,7,9 from the list. If the second number in a range is
omitted, all remaining patches are taken. E.g. "7-" to choose
7,8,9 from the list. You can say '*' to choose everything.
+
What you chose are then highlighted with '*',
like this:
@ -168,21 +247,25 @@ add untracked::
patch::
This lets you choose one path out of 'status' like selection.
After choosing the path, it presents diff between the index
This lets you choose one path out of a 'status' like selection.
After choosing the path, it presents the diff between the index
and the working tree file and asks you if you want to stage
the change of each hunk. You can say:
y - add the change from that hunk to index
n - do not add the change from that hunk to index
a - add the change from that hunk and all the rest to index
d - do not the change from that hunk nor any of the rest to index
j - do not decide on this hunk now, and view the next
undecided hunk
J - do not decide on this hunk now, and view the next hunk
k - do not decide on this hunk now, and view the previous
undecided hunk
K - do not decide on this hunk now, and view the previous hunk
y - stage this hunk
n - do not stage this hunk
q - quit, do not stage this hunk nor any of the remaining ones
a - stage this and all the remaining hunks in the file
d - do not stage this hunk nor any of the remaining hunks in the file
g - select a hunk to go to
/ - search for a hunk matching the given regex
j - leave this hunk undecided, see next undecided hunk
J - leave this hunk undecided, see next hunk
k - leave this hunk undecided, see previous undecided hunk
K - leave this hunk undecided, see previous hunk
s - split the current hunk into smaller hunks
e - manually edit the current hunk
? - print help
+
After deciding the fate for all hunks, if there is any hunk
that was chosen, the index is updated with the selected hunks.
@ -192,14 +275,14 @@ diff::
This lets you review what will be committed (i.e. between
HEAD and index).
See Also
SEE ALSO
--------
gitlink:git-status[1]
gitlink:git-rm[1]
gitlink:git-mv[1]
gitlink:git-commit[1]
gitlink:git-update-index[1]
linkgit:git-status[1]
linkgit:git-rm[1]
linkgit:git-reset[1]
linkgit:git-mv[1]
linkgit:git-commit[1]
linkgit:git-update-index[1]
Author
------
@ -211,5 +294,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
GIT
---
Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite

151
Documentation/git-am.txt
View file

@ -9,10 +9,13 @@ git-am - Apply a series of patches from a mailbox
SYNOPSIS
--------
[verse]
'git-am' [--signoff] [--dotest=<dir>] [--utf8 | --no-utf8] [--binary] [--3way]
[--interactive] [--whitespace=<option>] [-C<n>] [-p<n>]
<mbox>...
'git-am' [--skip | --resolved]
'git am' [--signoff] [--keep] [--utf8 | --no-utf8]
[--3way] [--interactive] [--committer-date-is-author-date]
[--ignore-date]
[--whitespace=<option>] [-C<n>] [-p<n>] [--directory=<dir>]
[--reject] [-q | --quiet]
[<mbox> | <Maildir>...]
'git am' (--skip | --resolved | --abort)
DESCRIPTION
-----------
@ -22,60 +25,78 @@ current branch.
OPTIONS
-------
<mbox>...::
<mbox>|<Maildir>...::
The list of mailbox files to read patches from. If you do not
supply this argument, reads from the standard input.
supply this argument, the command reads from the standard input.
If you supply directories, they will be treated as Maildirs.
-s::
--signoff::
Add `Signed-off-by:` line to the commit message, using
Add a `Signed-off-by:` line to the commit message, using
the committer identity of yourself.
--dotest=<dir>::
Instead of `.dotest` directory, use <dir> as a working
area to store extracted patches.
-k::
--keep::
Pass `-k` flag to `git-mailinfo` (see gitlink:git-mailinfo[1]).
Pass `-k` flag to 'git-mailinfo' (see linkgit:git-mailinfo[1]).
-q::
--quiet::
Be quiet. Only print error messages.
-u::
--utf8::
Pass `-u` flag to `git-mailinfo` (see gitlink:git-mailinfo[1]).
Pass `-u` flag to 'git-mailinfo' (see linkgit:git-mailinfo[1]).
The proposed commit log message taken from the e-mail
are re-coded into UTF-8 encoding (configuration variable
is re-coded into UTF-8 encoding (configuration variable
`i18n.commitencoding` can be used to specify project's
preferred encoding if it is not UTF-8).
+
This was optional in prior versions of git, but now it is the
default. You could use `--no-utf8` to override this.
default. You can use `--no-utf8` to override this.
--no-utf8::
Do not pass `-u` flag to `git-mailinfo` (see
gitlink:git-mailinfo[1]).
--binary::
Pass `--allow-binary-replacement` flag to `git-apply`
(see gitlink:git-apply[1]).
Pass `-n` flag to 'git-mailinfo' (see
linkgit:git-mailinfo[1]).
-3::
--3way::
When the patch does not apply cleanly, fall back on
3-way merge, if the patch records the identity of blobs
it is supposed to apply to, and we have those blobs
locally.
3-way merge if the patch records the identity of blobs
it is supposed to apply to and we have those blobs
available locally.
--whitespace=<option>::
-C<n>::
-p<n>::
--directory=<dir>::
--reject::
These flags are passed to the 'git-apply' (see linkgit:git-apply[1])
program that applies
the patch.
-i::
--interactive::
Run interactively.
--committer-date-is-author-date::
By default the command records the date from the e-mail
message as the commit author date, and uses the time of
commit creation as the committer date. This allows the
user to lie about the committer date by using the same
value as the author date.
--ignore-date::
By default the command records the date from the e-mail
message as the commit author date, and uses the time of
commit creation as the committer date. This allows the
user to lie about the author date by using the same
value as the committer date.
--skip::
Skip the current patch. This is only meaningful when
restarting an aborted patch.
--whitespace=<option>::
This flag is passed to the `git-apply` program that applies
the patch.
-C<n>, -p<n>::
These flags are passed to the `git-apply` program that applies
the patch.
--interactive::
Run interactively, just like git-applymbox.
-r::
--resolved::
After a patch failure (e.g. attempting to apply
conflicting patch), the user has applied it by hand and
@ -84,28 +105,38 @@ default. You could use `--no-utf8` to override this.
extracted from the e-mail message and the current index
file, and continue.
--resolvemsg=<msg>::
When a patch failure occurs, <msg> will be printed
to the screen before exiting. This overrides the
standard message informing you to use `--resolved`
or `--skip` to handle the failure. This is solely
for internal use between 'git-rebase' and 'git-am'.
--abort::
Restore the original branch and abort the patching operation.
DISCUSSION
----------
The commit author name is taken from the "From: " line of the
message, and commit author time is taken from the "Date: " line
message, and commit author date is taken from the "Date: " line
of the message. The "Subject: " line is used as the title of
the commit, after stripping common prefix "[PATCH <anything>]".
It is supposed to describe what the commit is about concisely as
a one line text.
The "Subject: " line is supposed to concisely describe what the
commit is about in one line of text.
The body of the message (iow, after a blank line that terminates
RFC2822 headers) can begin with "Subject: " and "From: " lines
that are different from those of the mail header, to override
the values of these fields.
"From: " and "Subject: " lines starting the body (the rest of the
message after the blank line terminating the RFC2822 headers)
override the respective commit author name and title values taken
from the headers.
The commit message is formed by the title taken from the
"Subject: ", a blank line and the body of the message up to
where the patch begins. Excess whitespaces at the end of the
lines are automatically stripped.
where the patch begins. Excess whitespace at the end of each
line is automatically stripped.
The patch is expected to be inline, directly following the
message. Any line that is of form:
message. Any line that is of the form:
* three-dashes and end-of-line, or
* a line that begins with "diff -", or
@ -114,32 +145,37 @@ message. Any line that is of form:
is taken as the beginning of a patch, and the commit log message
is terminated before the first occurrence of such a line.
When initially invoking it, you give it names of the mailboxes
to crunch. Upon seeing the first patch that does not apply, it
aborts in the middle, just like 'git-applymbox' does. You can
recover from this in one of two ways:
When initially invoking `git am`, you give it the names of the mailboxes
to process. Upon seeing the first patch that does not apply, it
aborts in the middle. You can recover from this in one of two ways:
. skip the current one by re-running the command with '--skip'
. skip the current patch by re-running the command with the '--skip'
option.
. hand resolve the conflict in the working directory, and update
the index file to bring it in a state that the patch should
have produced. Then run the command with '--resolved' option.
the index file to bring it into a state that the patch should
have produced. Then run the command with the '--resolved' option.
The command refuses to process new mailboxes while `.dotest`
The command refuses to process new mailboxes while the `.git/rebase-apply`
directory exists, so if you decide to start over from scratch,
run `rm -f .dotest` before running the command with mailbox
run `rm -f -r .git/rebase-apply` before running the command with mailbox
names.
Before any patches are applied, ORIG_HEAD is set to the tip of the
current branch. This is useful if you have problems with multiple
commits, like running 'git am' on the wrong branch or an error in the
commits that is more easily fixed by changing the mailbox (e.g.
errors in the "From:" lines).
SEE ALSO
--------
gitlink:git-applymbox[1], gitlink:git-applypatch[1], gitlink:git-apply[1].
linkgit:git-apply[1].
Author
------
Written by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Documentation
--------------
@ -147,5 +183,4 @@ Documentation by Petr Baudis, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.o
GIT
---
Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite

30
Documentation/git-annotate.txt
View file

@ -3,37 +3,29 @@ git-annotate(1)
NAME
----
git-annotate - Annotate file lines with commit info
git-annotate - Annotate file lines with commit information
SYNOPSIS
--------
git-annotate [options] file [revision]
'git annotate' [options] file [revision]
DESCRIPTION
-----------
Annotates each line in the given file with information from the commit
which introduced the line. Optionally annotate from a given revision.
which introduced the line. Optionally annotates from a given revision.
The only difference between this command and linkgit:git-blame[1] is that
they use slightly different output formats, and this command exists only
for backward compatibility to support existing scripts, and provide a more
familiar command name for people coming from other SCM systems.
OPTIONS
-------
-l, --long::
Show long rev (Defaults off).
-t, --time::
Show raw timestamp (Defaults off).
-r, --rename::
Follow renames (Defaults on).
-S, --rev-file <revs-file>::
Use revs from revs-file instead of calling git-rev-list.
-h, --help::
Show help message.
include::blame-options.txt[]
SEE ALSO
--------
gitlink:git-blame[1]
linkgit:git-blame[1]
AUTHOR
------
@ -41,4 +33,4 @@ Written by Ryan Anderson <ryan@michonline.com>.
GIT
---
Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite

138
Documentation/git-apply.txt
View file

@ -3,27 +3,29 @@ git-apply(1)
NAME
----
git-apply - Apply a patch on a git index file and a working tree
git-apply - Apply a patch on a git index file and/or a working tree
SYNOPSIS
--------
[verse]
'git-apply' [--stat] [--numstat] [--summary] [--check] [--index] [--apply]
[--no-add] [--index-info] [--allow-binary-replacement | --binary]
[-R | --reverse] [--reject] [-z] [-pNUM] [-CNUM] [--inaccurate-eof]
[--whitespace=<nowarn|warn|error|error-all|strip>] [--exclude=PATH]
[--cached] [--verbose] [<patch>...]
'git apply' [--stat] [--numstat] [--summary] [--check] [--index]
[--apply] [--no-add] [--build-fake-ancestor=<file>] [-R | --reverse]
[--allow-binary-replacement | --binary] [--reject] [-z]
[-pNUM] [-CNUM] [--inaccurate-eof] [--recount] [--cached]
[--whitespace=<nowarn|warn|fix|error|error-all>]
[--exclude=PATH] [--include=PATH] [--directory=<root>]
[--verbose] [<patch>...]
DESCRIPTION
-----------
Reads supplied diff output and applies it on a git index file
Reads supplied 'diff' output and applies it on a git index file
and a work tree.
OPTIONS
-------
<patch>...::
The files to read patch from. '-' can be used to read
The files to read the patch from. '-' can be used to read
from the standard input.
--stat::
@ -31,8 +33,8 @@ OPTIONS
input. Turns off "apply".
--numstat::
Similar to \--stat, but shows number of added and
deleted lines in decimal notation and pathname without
Similar to \--stat, but shows the number of added and
deleted lines in decimal notation and the pathname without
abbreviation, to make it more machine friendly. For
binary files, outputs two `-` instead of saying
`0 0`. Turns off "apply".
@ -58,22 +60,26 @@ OPTIONS
causes the index file to be updated.
--cached::
Apply a patch without touching the working tree. Instead, take the
cached data, apply the patch, and store the result in the index,
Apply a patch without touching the working tree. Instead take the
cached data, apply the patch, and store the result in the index
without using the working tree. This implies '--index'.
--index-info::
Newer git-diff output has embedded 'index information'
--build-fake-ancestor=<file>::
Newer 'git-diff' output has embedded 'index information'
for each blob to help identify the original version that
the patch applies to. When this flag is given, and if
the original version of the blob is available locally,
outputs information about them to the standard output.
the original versions of the blobs are available locally,
builds a temporary index containing those blobs.
+
When a pure mode change is encountered (which has no index information),
the information is read from the current index instead.
-R, --reverse::
-R::
--reverse::
Apply the patch in reverse.
--reject::
For atomicity, gitlink:git-apply[1] by default fails the whole patch and
For atomicity, 'git-apply' by default fails the whole patch and
does not touch the working tree when some of the hunks
do not apply. This option makes it apply
the parts of the patch that are applicable, and leave the
@ -97,30 +103,31 @@ OPTIONS
ever ignored.
--unidiff-zero::
By default, gitlink:git-apply[1] expects that the patch being
By default, 'git-apply' expects that the patch being
applied is a unified diff with at least one line of context.
This provides good safety measures, but breaks down when
applying a diff generated with --unified=0. To bypass these
checks use '--unidiff-zero'.
+
Note, for the reasons stated above usage of context-free patches are
Note, for the reasons stated above usage of context-free patches is
discouraged.
--apply::
If you use any of the options marked "Turns off
'apply'" above, gitlink:git-apply[1] reads and outputs the
information you asked without actually applying the
'apply'" above, 'git-apply' reads and outputs the
requested information without actually applying the
patch. Give this flag after those flags to also apply
the patch.
--no-add::
When applying a patch, ignore additions made by the
patch. This can be used to extract common part between
two files by first running `diff` on them and applying
patch. This can be used to extract the common part between
two files by first running 'diff' on them and applying
the result with this option, which would apply the
deletion part but not addition part.
deletion part but not the addition part.
--allow-binary-replacement, --binary::
--allow-binary-replacement::
--binary::
Historically we did not allow binary patch applied
without an explicit permission from the user, and this
flag was the way to do so. Currently we always allow binary
@ -131,38 +138,70 @@ discouraged.
be useful when importing patchsets, where you want to exclude certain
files or directories.
--whitespace=<option>::
When applying a patch, detect a new or modified line
that ends with trailing whitespaces (this includes a
line that solely consists of whitespaces). By default,
the command outputs warning messages and applies the
patch.
When gitlink:git-apply[1] is used for statistics and not applying a
patch, it defaults to `nowarn`.
You can use different `<option>` to control this
behavior:
--include=<path-pattern>::
Apply changes to files matching the given path pattern. This can
be useful when importing patchsets, where you want to include certain
files or directories.
+
When --exclude and --include patterns are used, they are examined in the
order they appear on the command line, and the first match determines if a
patch to each path is used. A patch to a path that does not match any
include/exclude pattern is used by default if there is no include pattern
on the command line, and ignored if there is any include pattern.
--whitespace=<action>::
When applying a patch, detect a new or modified line that has
whitespace errors. What are considered whitespace errors is
controlled by `core.whitespace` configuration. By default,
trailing whitespaces (including lines that solely consist of
whitespaces) and a space character that is immediately followed
by a tab character inside the initial indent of the line are
considered whitespace errors.
+
By default, the command outputs warning messages but applies the patch.
When `git-apply` is used for statistics and not applying a
patch, it defaults to `nowarn`.
+
You can use different `<action>` values to control this
behavior:
+
* `nowarn` turns off the trailing whitespace warning.
* `warn` outputs warnings for a few such errors, but applies the
patch (default).
patch as-is (default).
* `fix` outputs warnings for a few such errors, and applies the
patch after fixing them (`strip` is a synonym --- the tool
used to consider only trailing whitespace characters as errors, and the
fix involved 'stripping' them, but modern gits do more).
* `error` outputs warnings for a few such errors, and refuses
to apply the patch.
* `error-all` is similar to `error` but shows all errors.
* `strip` outputs warnings for a few such errors, strips out the
trailing whitespaces and applies the patch.
--inaccurate-eof::
Under certain circumstances, some versions of diff do not correctly
Under certain circumstances, some versions of 'diff' do not correctly
detect a missing new-line at the end of the file. As a result, patches
created by such diff programs do not record incomplete lines
created by such 'diff' programs do not record incomplete lines
correctly. This option adds support for applying such patches by
working around this bug.
-v::
--verbose::
Report progress to stderr. By default, only a message about the
current patch being applied will be printed. This option will cause
additional information to be reported.
--recount::
Do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers, but infer them
by inspecting the patch (e.g. after editing the patch without
adjusting the hunk headers appropriately).
--directory=<root>::
Prepend <root> to all filenames. If a "-p" argument was also passed,
it is applied before prepending the new root.
+
For example, a patch that talks about updating `a/git-gui.sh` to `b/git-gui.sh`
can be applied to the file in the working tree `modules/git-gui/git-gui.sh` by
running `git apply --directory=modules/git-gui`.
Configuration
-------------
@ -170,6 +209,20 @@ apply.whitespace::
When no `--whitespace` flag is given from the command
line, this configuration item is used as the default.
Submodules
----------
If the patch contains any changes to submodules then 'git-apply'
treats these changes as follows.
If --index is specified (explicitly or implicitly), then the submodule
commits must match the index exactly for the patch to apply. If any
of the submodules are checked-out, then these check-outs are completely
ignored, i.e., they are not required to be up-to-date or clean and they
are not updated.
If --index is not specified, then the submodule commits in the patch
are ignored and only the absence or presence of the corresponding
subdirectory is checked and (if possible) updated.
Author
------
@ -181,5 +234,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano
GIT
---
Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite

92
Documentation/git-applymbox.txt
View file

@ -1,92 +0,0 @@
git-applymbox(1)
================
NAME
----
git-applymbox - Apply a series of patches in a mailbox
SYNOPSIS
--------
'git-applymbox' [-u] [-k] [-q] [-m] ( -c .dotest/<num> | <mbox> ) [ <signoff> ]
DESCRIPTION
-----------
Splits mail messages in a mailbox into commit log message,
authorship information and patches, and applies them to the
current branch.
OPTIONS
-------
-q::
Apply patches interactively. The user will be given
opportunity to edit the log message and the patch before
attempting to apply it.
-k::
Usually the program 'cleans up' the Subject: header line
to extract the title line for the commit log message,
among which (1) remove 'Re:' or 're:', (2) leading
whitespaces, (3) '[' up to ']', typically '[PATCH]', and
then prepends "[PATCH] ". This flag forbids this
munging, and is most useful when used to read back 'git
format-patch --mbox' output.
-m::
Patches are applied with `git-apply` command, and unless
it cleanly applies without fuzz, the processing fails.
With this flag, if a tree that the patch applies cleanly
is found in a repository, the patch is applied to the
tree and then a 3-way merge between the resulting tree
and the current tree.
-u::
The commit log message, author name and author email are
taken from the e-mail, and after minimally decoding MIME
transfer encoding, re-coded in UTF-8 by transliterating
them. This used to be optional but now it is the default.
+
Note that the patch is always used as-is without charset
conversion, even with this flag.
-c .dotest/<num>::
When the patch contained in an e-mail does not cleanly
apply, the command exits with an error message. The
patch and extracted message are found in .dotest/, and
you could re-run 'git applymbox' with '-c .dotest/<num>'
flag to restart the process after inspecting and fixing
them.
<mbox>::
The name of the file that contains the e-mail messages
with patches. This file should be in the UNIX mailbox
format. See 'SubmittingPatches' document to learn about
the formatting convention for e-mail submission.
<signoff>::
The name of the file that contains your "Signed-off-by"
line. See 'SubmittingPatches' document to learn what
"Signed-off-by" line means. You can also just say
'yes', 'true', 'me', or 'please' to use an automatically
generated "Signed-off-by" line based on your committer
identity.
SEE ALSO
--------
gitlink:git-am[1], gitlink:git-applypatch[1].
Author
------
Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Documentation
--------------
Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
GIT
---
Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite

53
Documentation/git-applypatch.txt
View file

@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
git-applypatch(1)
=================
NAME
----
git-applypatch - Apply one patch extracted from an e-mail
SYNOPSIS
--------
'git-applypatch' <msg> <patch> <info> [<signoff>]
DESCRIPTION
-----------
This is usually not what an end user wants to run directly. See
gitlink:git-am[1] instead.
Takes three files <msg>, <patch>, and <info> prepared from an
e-mail message by 'git-mailinfo', and creates a commit. It is
usually not necessary to use this command directly.
This command can run `applypatch-msg`, `pre-applypatch`, and
`post-applypatch` hooks. See link:hooks.html[hooks] for more
information.
OPTIONS
-------
<msg>::
Commit log message (sans the first line, which comes
from e-mail Subject stored in <info>).
<patch>::
The patch to apply.
<info>::
Author and subject information extracted from e-mail,
used on "author" line and as the first line of the
commit log message.
Author
------
Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Documentation
--------------
Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
GIT
---
Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite

53
Documentation/git-archimport.txt
View file

@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ git-archimport - Import an Arch repository into git
SYNOPSIS
--------
[verse]
'git-archimport' [-h] [-v] [-o] [-a] [-f] [-T] [-D depth] [-t tempdir]
'git archimport' [-h] [-v] [-o] [-a] [-f] [-T] [-D depth] [-t tempdir]
<archive/branch>[:<git-branch>] ...
DESCRIPTION
@ -17,29 +17,29 @@ DESCRIPTION
Imports a project from one or more Arch repositories. It will follow branches
and repositories within the namespaces defined by the <archive/branch>
parameters supplied. If it cannot find the remote branch a merge comes from
it will just import it as a regular commit. If it can find it, it will mark it
as a merge whenever possible (see discussion below).
it will just import it as a regular commit. If it can find it, it will mark it
as a merge whenever possible (see discussion below).
The script expects you to provide the key roots where it can start the import
from an 'initial import' or 'tag' type of Arch commit. It will follow and
import new branches within the provided roots.
The script expects you to provide the key roots where it can start the import
from an 'initial import' or 'tag' type of Arch commit. It will follow and
import new branches within the provided roots.
It expects to be dealing with one project only. If it sees
branches that have different roots, it will refuse to run. In that case,
edit your <archive/branch> parameters to define clearly the scope of the
import.
It expects to be dealing with one project only. If it sees
branches that have different roots, it will refuse to run. In that case,
edit your <archive/branch> parameters to define clearly the scope of the
import.
`git-archimport` uses `tla` extensively in the background to access the
'git-archimport' uses `tla` extensively in the background to access the
Arch repository.
Make sure you have a recent version of `tla` available in the path. `tla` must
know about the repositories you pass to `git-archimport`.
know about the repositories you pass to 'git-archimport'.
For the initial import `git-archimport` expects to find itself in an empty
directory. To follow the development of a project that uses Arch, rerun
`git-archimport` with the same parameters as the initial import to perform
For the initial import, 'git-archimport' expects to find itself in an empty
directory. To follow the development of a project that uses Arch, rerun
'git-archimport' with the same parameters as the initial import to perform
incremental imports.
While git-archimport will try to create sensible branch names for the
While 'git-archimport' will try to create sensible branch names for the
archives that it imports, it is also possible to specify git branch names
manually. To do so, write a git branch name after each <archive/branch>
parameter, separated by a colon. This way, you can shorten the Arch
@ -54,15 +54,15 @@ convert Arch repositories that had been rotated periodically.
MERGES
------
Patch merge data from Arch is used to mark merges in git as well. git
Patch merge data from Arch is used to mark merges in git as well. git
does not care much about tracking patches, and only considers a merge when a
branch incorporates all the commits since the point they forked. The end result
is that git will have a good idea of how far branches have diverged. So the
is that git will have a good idea of how far branches have diverged. So the
import process does lose some patch-trading metadata.
Fortunately, when you try and merge branches imported from Arch,
git will find a good merge base, and it has a good chance of identifying
patches that have been traded out-of-sequence between the branches.
Fortunately, when you try and merge branches imported from Arch,
git will find a good merge base, and it has a good chance of identifying
patches that have been traded out-of-sequence between the branches.
OPTIONS
-------
@ -71,10 +71,10 @@ OPTIONS
Display usage.
-v::
Verbose output.
Verbose output.
-T::
Many tags. Will create a tag for every commit, reflecting the commit
Many tags. Will create a tag for every commit, reflecting the commit
name in the Arch repository.
-f::
@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ OPTIONS
-o::
Use this for compatibility with old-style branch names used by
earlier versions of git-archimport. Old-style branch names
earlier versions of 'git-archimport'. Old-style branch names
were category--branch, whereas new-style branch names are
archive,category--branch--version. In both cases, names given
on the command-line will override the automatically-generated
@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ OPTIONS
<archive/branch>::
Archive/branch identifier in a format that `tla log` understands.
Archive/branch identifier in a format that `tla log` understands.
Author
@ -117,5 +117,4 @@ Documentation by Junio C Hamano, Martin Langhoff and the git-list <git@vger.kern
GIT
---
Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite

69
Documentation/git-archive.txt
View file

@ -3,23 +3,27 @@ git-archive(1)
NAME
----
git-archive - Creates an archive of files from a named tree
git-archive - Create an archive of files from a named tree
SYNOPSIS
--------
'git-archive' --format=<fmt> [--list] [--prefix=<prefix>/] [<extra>]
[--remote=<repo>] <tree-ish> [path...]
[verse]
'git archive' --format=<fmt> [--list] [--prefix=<prefix>/] [<extra>]
[--output=<file>] [--worktree-attributes]
[--remote=<repo> [--exec=<git-upload-archive>]] <tree-ish>
[path...]
DESCRIPTION
-----------
Creates an archive of the specified format containing the tree
structure for the named tree. If <prefix> is specified it is
structure for the named tree, and writes it out to the standard
output. If <prefix> is specified it is
prepended to the filenames in the archive.
'git-archive' behaves differently when given a tree ID versus when
given a commit ID or tag ID. In the first case the current time is
used as modification time of each file in the archive. In the latter
used as the modification time of each file in the archive. In the latter
case the commit time as recorded in the referenced commit object is
used instead. Additionally the commit ID is stored in a global
extended pax header if the tar format is used; it can be extracted
@ -30,23 +34,38 @@ OPTIONS
-------
--format=<fmt>::
Format of the resulting archive: 'tar', 'zip'... The default
Format of the resulting archive: 'tar' or 'zip'. The default
is 'tar'.
-l::
--list::
Show all available formats.
-v::
--verbose::
Report progress to stderr.
--prefix=<prefix>/::
Prepend <prefix>/ to each filename in the archive.
--output=<file>::
Write the archive to <file> instead of stdout.
--worktree-attributes::
Look for attributes in .gitattributes in working directory too.
<extra>::
This can be any options that the archiver backend understand.
This can be any options that the archiver backend understands.
See next section.
--remote=<repo>::
Instead of making a tar archive from local repository,
Instead of making a tar archive from the local repository,
retrieve a tar archive from a remote repository.
--exec=<git-upload-archive>::
Used with --remote to specify the path to the
'git-upload-archive' on the remote side.
<tree-ish>::
The tree or commit to produce an archive for.
@ -68,23 +87,32 @@ zip
CONFIGURATION
-------------
By default, file and directories modes are set to 0666 or 0777 in tar
archives. It is possible to change this by setting the "umask" variable
in the repository configuration as follows :
[tar]
umask = 002 ;# group friendly
tar.umask::
This variable can be used to restrict the permission bits of
tar archive entries. The default is 0002, which turns off the
world write bit. The special value "user" indicates that the
archiving user's umask will be used instead. See umask(2) for
details.
The special umask value "user" indicates that the user's current umask
will be used instead. The default value remains 0, which means world
readable/writable files and directories.
ATTRIBUTES
----------
export-ignore::
Files and directories with the attribute export-ignore won't be
added to archive files. See linkgit:gitattributes[5] for details.
export-subst::
If the attribute export-subst is set for a file then git will
expand several placeholders when adding this file to an archive.
See linkgit:gitattributes[5] for details.
EXAMPLES
--------
git archive --format=tar --prefix=junk/ HEAD | (cd /var/tmp/ && tar xf -)::
Create a tar archive that contains the contents of the
latest commit on the current branch, and extracts it in
latest commit on the current branch, and extract it in the
`/var/tmp/junk` directory.
git archive --format=tar --prefix=git-1.4.0/ v1.4.0 | gzip >git-1.4.0.tar.gz::
@ -101,6 +129,11 @@ git archive --format=zip --prefix=git-docs/ HEAD:Documentation/ > git-1.4.0-docs
Put everything in the current head's Documentation/ directory
into 'git-1.4.0-docs.zip', with the prefix 'git-docs/'.
SEE ALSO
--------
linkgit:gitattributes[5]
Author
------
Written by Franck Bui-Huu and Rene Scharfe.
@ -111,4 +144,4 @@ Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel
GIT
---
Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite

Some files were not shown because too many files have changed in this diff Show more